Effect of Nursing Intervention Based on Caprini Risk Assessment Scale for Venous Thromboembolism in Perioperative Patients with Liver Cancer

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for venous thromboembolism(VTE)in perioperative patients with liver cancer.Methods:A total of 128 hepatocellular cancer(HCC)patients who were hospitalized in our department from January 2021 to March 2022 and met the research criteria were selected.According to odd and even numbers in the order of inclusion,64 cases were divided into two groups:a control group and an observation group.The control group received routine nursing intervention during perioperative period,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for VTE.The incidence of VTE and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of VTE and postoperative complications in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for VTE can reduce the incidence of perioperative deep vein thrombosis and complications in patients with liver cancer;thus,it is worthy of clinical application.

The Impact of Model Based Offset Scaling Technique on the Amplitude Variation with Offset Responses from 3D Seismic Data Acquired from the Tano Basin, Offshore Ghana

Amplitudes have been found to be a function of incident angle and offset. Hence data required to test for amplitude variation with angle or offset needs to have its amplitudes for all offsets preserved and not stacked. Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO)/Amplitude Variation with Angle (AVA) is necessary to account for information in the offset/angle parameter (mode converted S-wave and P-wave velocities). Since amplitudes are a function of the converted S- and P-waves, it is important to investigate the dependence of amplitudes on the elastic (P- and S-waves) parameters from the seismic data. By modelling these effects for different reservoir fluids via fluid substitution, various AVO geobody classes present along the well and in the entire seismic cube can be observed. AVO analysis was performed on one test well (Well_1) and 3D pre-stack angle gathers from the Tano Basin. The analysis involves creating a synthetic model to infer the effect of offset scaling techniques on amplitude responses in the Tano basin as compared to the effect of unscaled seismic data. The spectral balance process was performed to match the amplitude spectra of all angle stacks to that of the mid (26°) stack on the test lines. The process had an effect primarily on the far (34° - 40°) stacks. The frequency content of these stacks slightly increased to match that of the near and mid stacks. In offset scaling process, the root mean square (RMS) amplitude comparison between the synthetic and seismic suggests that the amplitude of the far traces should be reduced relative to the nears by up to 16%. However, the exact scaler values depend on the time window considered. This suggests that the amplitude scaling with offset delivered from seismic processing is only approximately correct and needs to be checked with well synthetics and adjusted accordingly prior to use for AVO studies. The AVO attribute volumes generated were better at resolving anomalies on spectrally balanced and offset scaled data than data delivered from conventional processing. A typical class II AVO anomaly is seen along the test well from the cross-plot analysis and AVO attribute cube which indicates an oil filled reservoir.

Detecting dynamical complexity changes in time series using the base-scale entropy

Timely detection of dynamical complexity changes in natural and man-made systems has deep scientific and practical meanings. We introduce a complexity measure for time series： the base-scale entropy. The definition directly applies to arbitrary real-word data. We illustrate our method on a practical speech signal and in a theoretical chaotic system. The results show that the simple and easily calculated measure of base-scale entropy can be effectively used to detect qualitative and quantitative dynamical changes.

Outcome assessment of stroke convalescence using multiple scales based on different dimensions

BACKGROUND: Convalescence is an important stage of stroke treatment. A lot of patients have somatic and mental disorders at various degrees. The primary standard can only reflect partial conditions of somatic disorder; in addition, multiple dimensions of patients at the phase of stroke convalescence are further observed by using a lot of standards, such as signs and symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine, daily activity and psychological status. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcome assessments of the cases of stroke convalescence measured with different criteria consisting of various dimensions by a cross-sectional investigation of the condition of stroke convalescent patients. DESIGN: Scale evaluation. SETTING: Departments of Clinical Epidemiology Exploratory Development and Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; National Center for Training of Design, Measurement and Evaluation in Clinical Research,Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 194 stroke convalescent patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 26, 2000 to February 28, 2001 were taken as subjects of the study. There were 126 males and 68 females aged from 40 to 89 years, and the illness course ranged from 14 to 181 days. All patients met diagnosis-treatment criteria of stroke (the second version)[DTCS(V2.0)] and various kinds of diagnostic points of cerebrovascular diseases; moreover, all patients provided confirmed consents. METHODS: They were assessed by assessment methods including the following assessment instruments: DTCS(V2.0), self-designed scale of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms (28 symptoms and physical signs were scored as 0, 1, 2 marks from none to severity), modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale (a total of 45 marks, 0 to 15 marks as mild defect, 16 to 30 as moderate defect, 31 to 45 as severe defect), modified Barthel activities of daily life (ADL) index (a total of 100 marks, less than 60 marks as unable self-care), vitality and mental health (subscales derived from Health Survey Questionnaire, SF-36). The collected data from scales and inter-scale correlation were processed by the statistic methods mainly including descriptive analysis, Spearmen correlation analysis, factor analysis, etc. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Average scores of scales and criteria; ② correlation between modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and other scales. RESULTS: All of the patients completed the assessment, and analyzed in the final analysis. ① The average scores of the scales and criteria: The average scores of DTCS(V2.0), self-designed scale of TCM symptoms, modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale, modified Barthel ADL index, vitality and mental health scales were 6.51±6.29, 13.73±6.97, 7.56±7.35, 63.58±23.68, 52.79±23.32 and 62.83±22.75 respectively. ② Correlation between modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and other scales: The Spearman correlation coefficients (R ’) of modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale with diagnosis-treatment criteria of stroke, scales of TCM symptoms, modified Barthel ADL index, vitality scale and mental health scale were 20.885, 0.302, -0.824, -0.294 and -0.258 respectively. CONCLUSION: The modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and DTCS(V2.0) shared the same assessment dimension, so they can be mutually alternated in some clinical practices. Discrepancy in measurements of health status was gained due to the diverse dimensions applied in outcome assessments. It is necessary to build up a multi-dimensional assessment criteria system, such as signs and symptoms, daily activities and psychological status, for assessing the stroke convalescent cases in a more comprehensive scope and reflecting the efficacy of TCM treatment scientifically.

A Closure for Isotropic Turbulence Based on Extended Scale Similarity Theory in Physical Space

The closure of a turbulence field is a longstanding fundamental problem, while most closure models are introduced in spectral space. Inspired by Chou＇s quasi-normal closure method in spectral space, we propose an analytical closure model for isotropic turbulence based on the extended scale similarity theory of the velocity structure function in physical space. The assumptions and certain approximations are justified with direct numerical simulation. The asymptotic scaling properties are reproduced by this new closure method, in comparison to the classical Batchelor model.

Signal Separation and Instantaneous Frequency Estimation Based on Multi-scale Chirplet Sparse Signal Decomposition

An approach based on multi-scale chirplet sparse signal decomposition is proposed to separate the multi-component polynomial phase signals,and estimate their instantaneous frequencies.In this paper,we have generated a family of multi-scale chirplet functions which provide good local correlations of chirps over shorter time interval.At every decomposition stage,we build the so-called family of chirplets and our idea is to use a structured algorithm which exploits information in the family to chain chirplets together adaptively as to form the polynomial phase signal component whose correlation with the current residue signal is largest.Simultaneously,the polynomial instantaneous frequency is estimated by connecting the linear frequency of the chirplet functions adopted in the current separation.Simulation experiment demonstrated that this method can separate the components of the multi-component polynomial phase signals effectively even in the low signal-to-noise ratio condition,and estimate its instantaneous frequency accurately.

Surrogate-based modeling and dimension reduction techniques for multi-scale mechanics problems

Successful modeling and/or design of engineering systems often requires one to address the impact of multiple ＂design variables＂ on the prescribed outcome.There are often multiple,competing objectives based on which we assess the outcome of optimization.Since accurate,high fidelity models are typically time consuming and computationally expensive,comprehensive evaluations can be conducted only if an efficient framework is available.Furthermore,informed decisions of the model/hardware＇s overall performance rely on an adequate understanding of the global,not local,sensitivity of the individual design variables on the objectives.The surrogate-based approach,which involves approximating the objectives as continuous functions of design variables from limited data,offers a rational framework to reduce the number of important input variables,i.e.,the dimension of a design or modeling space.In this paper,we review the fundamental issues that arise in surrogate-based analysis and optimization,highlighting concepts,methods,techniques,as well as modeling implications for mechanics problems.To aid the discussions of the issues involved,we summarize recent efforts in investigating cryogenic cavitating flows,active flow control based on dielectric barrier discharge concepts,and lithium（Li）-ion batteries.It is also stressed that many multi-scale mechanics problems can naturally benefit from the surrogate approach for ＂scale bridging.＂

Betweenness-based algorithm for a partition scale-free graph

Many real-world networks are found to be scale-free. However, graph partition technology, as a technology capable of parallel computing, performs poorly when scale-free graphs are provided. The reason for this is that traditional partitioning algorithms are designed for random networks and regular networks, rather than for scale-free networks. Multilevel graph-partitioning algorithms are currently considered to be the state of the art and are used extensively. In this paper, we analyse the reasons why traditional multilevel graph-partitioning algorithms perform poorly and present a new multilevel graph-partitioning paradigm, top down partitioning, which derives its name from the comparison with the traditional bottom-up partitioning. A new multilevel partitioning algorithm, named betweenness-based partitioning algorithm, is also presented as an implementation of top-down partitioning paradigm. An experimental evaluation of seven different real-world scale-free networks shows that the betweenness-based partitioning algorithm significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art approaches.

A GIS-based Modeling Approach for Fast Assessment of Soil Erosion by Water at Regional Scale, Loess Plateau of China

The objective of this study is to develop a unique modeling approach for fast assessment of massive soil erosion by water at a regional scale in the Loess Plateau, China. This approach relies on an understanding of both regional patterns of soil loss and its impact factors in the plateau area. Based on the regional characteristics of pre- cipitation, vegetation and land form, and with the use of Landsat TM and ground investigation data, the entire Loess Plateau was first divided into 3 380 Fundamental Assessment Units (FAUs) to adapt to this regional modeling and fast assessment. A set of easily available parameters reflecting relevant water erosion factors at a regional scale was then developed, in which dynamic and static factors were discriminated. ArcInfo GIS was used to integrate all es- sential data into a central database. A resulting mathematical model was established to link the sediment yields and the selected variables on the basis of FAUs through overlay in GIS and multiple regression analyses. The sensitivity analyses and validation results show that this approach works effectively in assessing large area soil erosion, and also helps to understand the regional associations of erosion and its impact factors, and thus might significantly contribute to planning and policymaking for a large area erosion control in the Loess Plateau.

Factor Analytical Examination of the Evidence-Based Practice Beliefs Scale: Indications of a Two-Factor Structure

Background: Promotion of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in nursing appears to be developing slowly. Research indicates that nurses’ beliefs in EBP may play an even more significant role than knowledge and resources in making implementation feasible. To address this issue, measurement of nurses’ beliefs regarding EBP is paramount. Aims and objectives: This study explores the internal consistency reliability and the construct factor structure of the Norwegian version of the original Evidence-Based Practice Beliefs Scale (EBP-BS). Methods: The study has a Non-experimental exploratory survey design. A Norwegian translation of the EBP-BS was tested in a convenience sample of 118 healthcare professionals (95% nurses) attending a continuing education program at a University College in Norway. The response rate was 95% (n = 112). The internal consistency of the scale was measured by Cronbach’s alpha, and an explorative Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to explore the construct structure. Results: The overall internal consistency of the EBP-BS was acceptable. The PCA indicated a four-factor structure. The psychometric properties of two of the factors were too weak for expanding to a four-factor model. Based on our investigation of the EBP-BS, we suggest a two-factor structure model. The factors were named 1) General knowledge and confidence concerning EBP and 2) Task specific beliefs in EBP. This finding differs from previous results that indicated a unidimensional structure. Conclusion: As a starting point, reliable and valid measurement of nurses’ beliefs about EBP is required in order to identify possible obstacles and to optimize implementation in the individual clinical setting. Our results indicate that the EBP-BS has a two-factor structure. Further exploration of the factor structure is needed. Further empirical research may contribute to the resolving of controversies concerning basic understandings of the concept of EBP.

基于宏微观多尺度建模的校园疫情演化仿真研究

校园师生人群聚集密度高,是疫情防控的重点和难点。基于现有宏微观尺度的研究,提出使用多尺度建模仿真分析校园内新冠疫情的演化趋势和防控方案的绩效。宏观建模采用易感-潜伏-传染-恢复(SEIR)模型,输出无症状患者和有症状患者数量随时间变化的曲线,研究疫情演化趋势;微观建模采用离散事件建模仿真和基于智能体建模,对个体学生的在校行为和疫情演化进行微观仿真,模拟新冠病毒在校园内的人传人过程。并通过案例研究,验证错峰上学、核酸检测“每天一检”并隔离阳性患者方案的有效性,通过对参数的灵敏度分析识别关键参数。结果表明,多尺度疫情建模仿真方法,从不同的角度和层级揭示了校园疫情的演化过程,可为校方优化防疫方案提供参考。

新能源风力发电项目66 kV系统应用前景研究

随着“3060”碳达峰、碳中和目标的实施,大容量风电基地将不断出现,未来风电机组单机容量越来越大,集电线路采用66 kV电压等级,由于其在投资和电能损耗方面的优势,将是风电场发展的必然趋势。文章对35 kV与66 kV集电线路的经济性进行分析,以期为相关人员提供参考。

青少年体育家庭促进因素量表的编制与检验

目的:基于生态系统理论,开发一份适用于我国青少年体育家庭促进因素量表,并对其信度和效度进行验证。方法:利用区域抽样法,对华东、华中、华南、西南及西北地区的20名10至18岁青少年样本进行访谈。利用扎根理论对访谈资料进行三级编码,初步构建青少年体育家庭促进因素的结构维度,设计出30个初始题项。最后,对1371名青少年进行问卷测试,筛选有效问卷后,随机分为两组进行探索性和验证性因子分析。研究结果:探索性因子分析揭示量表包含行为习惯、父母体育支持、家庭运动价值观、资源投入四个维度,共13个题项。验证性因子分析证实了模型结构的有效性,各项拟合指标均满足接受标准(χ^(2)/df=2.490,GFI=0.962,CFI=0.981,IFI=0.981,AGFI=0.952,RMSEA=0.052)。此外,总量表及各维度α系数为0.832~0.922,折半信度为0.840~0.884,平均提取方差(AVE)为0.624~0.721,组合信度(CR)为0.838~0.963,且均达到显著性水平。研究结论:青少年体育家庭促进因素量表具有良好的信、效度。本研究为未来相关定量研究提供了一种有效测量工具。

南岭成矿规律与百年勘查成果及新一轮找矿建议——《中国矿产地质志·南岭卷》研编

南岭成矿带是华南乃至全国最为重要且独具特色的成矿带之一,对其成矿规律的探索研究虽然历史悠久但每一次的成果总结都会推进新一轮找矿突破。笔者等在前人大量研究资料的基础上,对南岭成矿带的能源矿产(煤矿和铀矿)、有色金属矿产(钨、锡、钼、铋、铜、铅锌等)、贵金属矿产(金矿和银矿)、稀有金属和稀土金属矿产、非金属矿产(萤石)的成矿特征、时空分布规律进行了总结,并将南岭成矿带矿产按前寒武、加里东旋回、华力西旋回、印支旋回、燕山旋回及喜马拉雅旋回6个旋回厘定出21个矿床成矿系列和23个矿床成矿亚系列,为区域矿产勘查工作部署及成矿预测奠定了理论基础。为了保障能源资源安全,笔者等提出了南岭成矿带区块出让的原则性意见和柿竹园、香花岭、崇余犹、富贺钟、坪宝、三南等15个大型资源基地找矿的建议,为新一轮找矿突破战略行动提供了科学指导。

AN IDENTITY-BASED KEY AGREEMENT SCHEME FOR LARGE SCALE SENSOR NETWORKS

To solve the problems of high memory occupation,low connectivity and poor resiliency against node capture,which existing in the random key pre-distribution techniques while applying to the large scale Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs),an Identity-Based Key Agreement Scheme(IBKAS) is proposed based on identity-based encryption and Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman(ECDH).IBKAS can resist man-in-the-middle attacks and node-capture attacks through encrypting the key agreement parameters using identity-based encryption.Theoretical analysis indicates that comparing to the random key pre-distribution techniques,IBKAS achieves significant improvement in key connectivity,communication overhead,memory occupation,and security strength,and also enables efficient secure rekeying and network expansion.Furthermore,we implement IBKAS for TinyOS-2.1.2 based on the MICA2 motes,and the experiment results demonstrate that IBKAS is feasible for infrequent key distribution and rekeying for large scale sensor networks.

改进视觉Transformer的视频插帧方法

针对现有的视频插帧方法无法有效处理大运动和复杂运动场景的问题,提出了一种改进视觉Transformer的视频插帧方法。该方法融合了基于跨尺度窗口的注意力和可分离的时空局部注意力,增大了注意力的感受野并聚合了多尺度信息;对时空依赖和远程像素依赖关系进行联合建模,进而增强了模型对大运动场景的处理能力。实验结果表明,该方法在Vimeo90K测试集和DAVIS数据集上的PSNR指标分别达到了37.13 dB和28.28 dB,SSIM指标分别达到了0.978和0.891。同时,可视化结果表明,该方法针对存在大运动、复杂运动和遮挡场景的视频能产生清晰合理的插帧结果。

孕妇尿失禁知信行量表的汉化及在孕妇中的Rasch模型分析

目的汉化孕妇尿失禁知信行量表(knowledge,attitude and practice assessment scale for pregnant women on UI,KAP-IU)并评价其信度、效度,为医护人员对孕妇尿失禁知信行情况的评估提供测量工具。方法2022年12月—2023年3月按照国际通用量表跨文化调适流程对量表进行汉化,形成中文版KAP-IU量表。2023年3月—6月采用便利抽样选取门诊就诊孕妇456例进行调查,基于Rasch模型和经典测量学检验指标进行信度、效度检验。结果430例孕妇完成研究。中文版KAP-IU量表共由23个条目构成,符合Rasch模型单维性假设,Rasch模型解释了66.1%的变异;个人和条目的分隔信度均>0.8,分隔指数≈3,所有条目加权的均方拟合统计量(information-weighted mean square fit statistic,Infit MNSQ)和未加权的均方拟合统计量(unweighted mean square fit statistic,Outfit MNSQ)均方值在0.473~1.611之间,点测量相关系数(point-measure correlation,Pt-Measure Corr)在0.293~0.731之间,个体能力均值比条目难度均值高0.343 Logits;总量表Cronbachα系数为0.783,3个维度(知识、态度和行为)的重测信度分别为0.751、0.815、0.760;条目水平内容效度指数(item-level CVI,I-CVI)为0.810~1.000;量表水平内容效度(scale-level CVI,S-CVI)为0.824。结论中文版KAP-IU量表在国内孕妇人群中经验证信度、效度良好,难度适中,可作为孕妇尿失禁知信行情况评估的可靠工具。

碳基跨尺度纤维增强混凝土劈拉性能及微观界面研究

为改善碳纤维增强混凝土(CFRC)内部的纤维/基体(F/M)界面性能,提出利用碳纳米管-碳纤维跨尺度增强体(CNTs-CF)对F/M微观界面进行改性的技术方法。设计制作了CNTs-CF体积分数分别为0%、0.1%、0.2%、0.3%和0.4%的跨尺度纤维增强混凝土(CCFRC)试件,进而对其开展了劈裂抗拉实验,并与CFRC进行对比分析。结果表明,在相同的纤维掺量情况下,CCFRC能够在劈拉破坏失效时维持更好的整体性,而且CCFRC的劈裂抗拉强度明显高于CFRC。CCFRC的劈裂抗拉强度随纤维掺量的增加呈先逐渐升高后略有下降的变化趋势,当CNTs-CF的体积分数为0.3%时达到最大值,较之普通混凝土(PC)和CFRC,增长幅度分别达37.67%和13.21%。CNTs-CF兼具碳纤维和碳纳米管的优良特性,能够充分发挥跨尺度协同改性效应,强化F/M界面。CCFRC在工程结构抗力提升,以及基础设施电磁防护领域具有广阔的应用发展前景。

基于高质量发展的公立医院人才培养策略研究

近年公立医院如何结合医院发展战略及实际情况制定医学人才培养策略,已成为影响医院高质量发展的核心要素,而首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院原有的人事管理制度在人才培养方面体现不够明确,人力资源评价、薪酬管理体系及信息化平台管理方面有待提升。我们相继出台了一系列政策,各部门形成合力,联动推进院内人才培养项目的设立与开展,通过优化整合奖项申报、资金及平台支持、绩效激励等资源,强化人才培养体系建设,完善分层培养模式建设、构建医学人才评价管理制度、提出个性化培养策略;推进基于资源消耗的相对价值比率法人才绩效薪酬改革,针对医护技人才分类评价;加强信息化人才培养平台建设,构建人才数据库,加强医院人力资源线上管理能力。一系列措施的实施使得医院优势学科和综合实力稳步提升。

数字化时代下面向区域大规模、多模态人群队列建设的框架体系研究

目的:研究区域大规模、多模态人群队列建设的框架体系,为建设更规范、更高水平的大规模、多模态人群队列提供借鉴和参考。方法:通过文献调研、案例分析等方法,对国内外大型人群队列建设现状进行深度剖析,对建设过程中的挑战进行系统性梳理,提出适用于我国队列建设的框架体系。结果:该框架体系深入梳理了人群队列建设规范化路径和需遵循的标准规范体系,提出了贯穿人群队列建设全过程的数字化能力支撑体系,将数字技术与人群队列特征融合,为构建更规范、更高水平的人群队列提供理论与实践指导。结论:形成了一套符合我国人群特征的队列建设框架体系,以期完善我国人群队列的建设与运转,推动相关学科研究。