Effect of Nursing Intervention Based on Caprini Risk Assessment Scale for Venous Thromboembolism in Perioperative Patients with Liver Cancer

Objective:To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for venous thromboembolism(VTE)in perioperative patients with liver cancer.Methods:A total of 128 hepatocellular cancer(HCC)patients who were hospitalized in our department from January 2021 to March 2022 and met the research criteria were selected.According to odd and even numbers in the order of inclusion,64 cases were divided into two groups:a control group and an observation group.The control group received routine nursing intervention during perioperative period,while the observation group received nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for VTE.The incidence of VTE and complications were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of VTE and postoperative complications in the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Nursing intervention based on Caprini risk assessment scale for VTE can reduce the incidence of perioperative deep vein thrombosis and complications in patients with liver cancer;thus,it is worthy of clinical application.

The Impact of Model Based Offset Scaling Technique on the Amplitude Variation with Offset Responses from 3D Seismic Data Acquired from the Tano Basin, Offshore Ghana

Amplitudes have been found to be a function of incident angle and offset. Hence data required to test for amplitude variation with angle or offset needs to have its amplitudes for all offsets preserved and not stacked. Amplitude Variation with Offset (AVO)/Amplitude Variation with Angle (AVA) is necessary to account for information in the offset/angle parameter (mode converted S-wave and P-wave velocities). Since amplitudes are a function of the converted S- and P-waves, it is important to investigate the dependence of amplitudes on the elastic (P- and S-waves) parameters from the seismic data. By modelling these effects for different reservoir fluids via fluid substitution, various AVO geobody classes present along the well and in the entire seismic cube can be observed. AVO analysis was performed on one test well (Well_1) and 3D pre-stack angle gathers from the Tano Basin. The analysis involves creating a synthetic model to infer the effect of offset scaling techniques on amplitude responses in the Tano basin as compared to the effect of unscaled seismic data. The spectral balance process was performed to match the amplitude spectra of all angle stacks to that of the mid (26°) stack on the test lines. The process had an effect primarily on the far (34° - 40°) stacks. The frequency content of these stacks slightly increased to match that of the near and mid stacks. In offset scaling process, the root mean square (RMS) amplitude comparison between the synthetic and seismic suggests that the amplitude of the far traces should be reduced relative to the nears by up to 16%. However, the exact scaler values depend on the time window considered. This suggests that the amplitude scaling with offset delivered from seismic processing is only approximately correct and needs to be checked with well synthetics and adjusted accordingly prior to use for AVO studies. The AVO attribute volumes generated were better at resolving anomalies on spectrally balanced and offset scaled data than data delivered from conventional processing. A typical class II AVO anomaly is seen along the test well from the cross-plot analysis and AVO attribute cube which indicates an oil filled reservoir.

Detecting dynamical complexity changes in time series using the base-scale entropy

Timely detection of dynamical complexity changes in natural and man-made systems has deep scientific and practical meanings. We introduce a complexity measure for time series： the base-scale entropy. The definition directly applies to arbitrary real-word data. We illustrate our method on a practical speech signal and in a theoretical chaotic system. The results show that the simple and easily calculated measure of base-scale entropy can be effectively used to detect qualitative and quantitative dynamical changes.

Outcome assessment of stroke convalescence using multiple scales based on different dimensions

BACKGROUND: Convalescence is an important stage of stroke treatment. A lot of patients have somatic and mental disorders at various degrees. The primary standard can only reflect partial conditions of somatic disorder; in addition, multiple dimensions of patients at the phase of stroke convalescence are further observed by using a lot of standards, such as signs and symptoms of traditional Chinese medicine, daily activity and psychological status. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the outcome assessments of the cases of stroke convalescence measured with different criteria consisting of various dimensions by a cross-sectional investigation of the condition of stroke convalescent patients. DESIGN: Scale evaluation. SETTING: Departments of Clinical Epidemiology Exploratory Development and Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; National Center for Training of Design, Measurement and Evaluation in Clinical Research,Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 194 stroke convalescent patients treated in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 26, 2000 to February 28, 2001 were taken as subjects of the study. There were 126 males and 68 females aged from 40 to 89 years, and the illness course ranged from 14 to 181 days. All patients met diagnosis-treatment criteria of stroke (the second version)[DTCS(V2.0)] and various kinds of diagnostic points of cerebrovascular diseases; moreover, all patients provided confirmed consents. METHODS: They were assessed by assessment methods including the following assessment instruments: DTCS(V2.0), self-designed scale of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms (28 symptoms and physical signs were scored as 0, 1, 2 marks from none to severity), modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale (a total of 45 marks, 0 to 15 marks as mild defect, 16 to 30 as moderate defect, 31 to 45 as severe defect), modified Barthel activities of daily life (ADL) index (a total of 100 marks, less than 60 marks as unable self-care), vitality and mental health (subscales derived from Health Survey Questionnaire, SF-36). The collected data from scales and inter-scale correlation were processed by the statistic methods mainly including descriptive analysis, Spearmen correlation analysis, factor analysis, etc. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Average scores of scales and criteria; ② correlation between modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and other scales. RESULTS: All of the patients completed the assessment, and analyzed in the final analysis. ① The average scores of the scales and criteria: The average scores of DTCS(V2.0), self-designed scale of TCM symptoms, modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale, modified Barthel ADL index, vitality and mental health scales were 6.51±6.29, 13.73±6.97, 7.56±7.35, 63.58±23.68, 52.79±23.32 and 62.83±22.75 respectively. ② Correlation between modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and other scales: The Spearman correlation coefficients (R ’) of modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale with diagnosis-treatment criteria of stroke, scales of TCM symptoms, modified Barthel ADL index, vitality scale and mental health scale were 20.885, 0.302, -0.824, -0.294 and -0.258 respectively. CONCLUSION: The modified Edinburgh-Scandinavia stroke scale and DTCS(V2.0) shared the same assessment dimension, so they can be mutually alternated in some clinical practices. Discrepancy in measurements of health status was gained due to the diverse dimensions applied in outcome assessments. It is necessary to build up a multi-dimensional assessment criteria system, such as signs and symptoms, daily activities and psychological status, for assessing the stroke convalescent cases in a more comprehensive scope and reflecting the efficacy of TCM treatment scientifically.

A Closure for Isotropic Turbulence Based on Extended Scale Similarity Theory in Physical Space

The closure of a turbulence field is a longstanding fundamental problem, while most closure models are introduced in spectral space. Inspired by Chou＇s quasi-normal closure method in spectral space, we propose an analytical closure model for isotropic turbulence based on the extended scale similarity theory of the velocity structure function in physical space. The assumptions and certain approximations are justified with direct numerical simulation. The asymptotic scaling properties are reproduced by this new closure method, in comparison to the classical Batchelor model.

Surrogate-based modeling and dimension reduction techniques for multi-scale mechanics problems

Successful modeling and/or design of engineering systems often requires one to address the impact of multiple ＂design variables＂ on the prescribed outcome.There are often multiple,competing objectives based on which we assess the outcome of optimization.Since accurate,high fidelity models are typically time consuming and computationally expensive,comprehensive evaluations can be conducted only if an efficient framework is available.Furthermore,informed decisions of the model/hardware＇s overall performance rely on an adequate understanding of the global,not local,sensitivity of the individual design variables on the objectives.The surrogate-based approach,which involves approximating the objectives as continuous functions of design variables from limited data,offers a rational framework to reduce the number of important input variables,i.e.,the dimension of a design or modeling space.In this paper,we review the fundamental issues that arise in surrogate-based analysis and optimization,highlighting concepts,methods,techniques,as well as modeling implications for mechanics problems.To aid the discussions of the issues involved,we summarize recent efforts in investigating cryogenic cavitating flows,active flow control based on dielectric barrier discharge concepts,and lithium（Li）-ion batteries.It is also stressed that many multi-scale mechanics problems can naturally benefit from the surrogate approach for ＂scale bridging.＂

Betweenness-based algorithm for a partition scale-free graph

Many real-world networks are found to be scale-free. However, graph partition technology, as a technology capable of parallel computing, performs poorly when scale-free graphs are provided. The reason for this is that traditional partitioning algorithms are designed for random networks and regular networks, rather than for scale-free networks. Multilevel graph-partitioning algorithms are currently considered to be the state of the art and are used extensively. In this paper, we analyse the reasons why traditional multilevel graph-partitioning algorithms perform poorly and present a new multilevel graph-partitioning paradigm, top down partitioning, which derives its name from the comparison with the traditional bottom-up partitioning. A new multilevel partitioning algorithm, named betweenness-based partitioning algorithm, is also presented as an implementation of top-down partitioning paradigm. An experimental evaluation of seven different real-world scale-free networks shows that the betweenness-based partitioning algorithm significantly outperforms the existing state-of-the-art approaches.

柴达木盆地卤水钾盐迁聚规律与找矿新突破

钾盐是我国大宗紧缺战略性“粮食”矿产,对保障国家粮食安全具有重要意义。我国钾盐资源具有需求量大、对外依存度高等特点,寻找新的钾盐矿床、形成新的大型钾盐资源基地刻不容缓。2023年,中国地质调查局组织开展青海柴达木盆地钾盐“增储保供”地质调查工作,在前期对柴达木盆地成盐聚钾规律性认识的基础上,于柴西北大浪滩—黑北凹地部署实施了“探采一体化”柴钾1井,钻获1021.95 m(井深111.54~1133.49 m)巨厚松散砂砾储卤层,全井段抽卤试验获日稳定涌水量8586 m^(3)/d、水位降深11.3 m、单位涌水量759.89 m^(3)/d·m、氯化钾平均含量为0.54%的高产工业品位“砂砾型”卤水钾矿,取得了柴达木盆地陆相深层卤水钾盐找矿新突破,为形成中国新的亿吨级大型钾盐基地夯实了资源基础。

Factor Analytical Examination of the Evidence-Based Practice Beliefs Scale: Indications of a Two-Factor Structure

Background: Promotion of Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) in nursing appears to be developing slowly. Research indicates that nurses’ beliefs in EBP may play an even more significant role than knowledge and resources in making implementation feasible. To address this issue, measurement of nurses’ beliefs regarding EBP is paramount. Aims and objectives: This study explores the internal consistency reliability and the construct factor structure of the Norwegian version of the original Evidence-Based Practice Beliefs Scale (EBP-BS). Methods: The study has a Non-experimental exploratory survey design. A Norwegian translation of the EBP-BS was tested in a convenience sample of 118 healthcare professionals (95% nurses) attending a continuing education program at a University College in Norway. The response rate was 95% (n = 112). The internal consistency of the scale was measured by Cronbach’s alpha, and an explorative Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to explore the construct structure. Results: The overall internal consistency of the EBP-BS was acceptable. The PCA indicated a four-factor structure. The psychometric properties of two of the factors were too weak for expanding to a four-factor model. Based on our investigation of the EBP-BS, we suggest a two-factor structure model. The factors were named 1) General knowledge and confidence concerning EBP and 2) Task specific beliefs in EBP. This finding differs from previous results that indicated a unidimensional structure. Conclusion: As a starting point, reliable and valid measurement of nurses’ beliefs about EBP is required in order to identify possible obstacles and to optimize implementation in the individual clinical setting. Our results indicate that the EBP-BS has a two-factor structure. Further exploration of the factor structure is needed. Further empirical research may contribute to the resolving of controversies concerning basic understandings of the concept of EBP.

数字化转型背景下大规模考试机考体系的构建

数字化转型是教育考试顺应时代发展的必由之路,机考以其独特的优势成为大规模考试数字化转型的有效途径。专业考试机构应该结合人工智能、大数据等先进技术,深入探索大规模考试机考的实施策略,利用现代信息技术搭建大规模考试机考体系,改进命题工作方式,提高组考工作效率,优化考试智能评分系统,提升考试评价价值。同时,积极破解数字化转型中机考的数据安全、技术保障、试卷等值等难题,提升大规模考试综合管理的质效,以满足现代考试的需要。

混合碳四全加氢镍系催化剂的制备与性能评价

使用共沉淀法和挤条成型工艺小试制备了混合碳四全加氢镍系催化剂,考察了反应压力、体积空速、氢烃体积比等加氢工艺条件对催化剂性能的影响;采用打片成型工艺进行催化剂中试放大制备,并对其性能进行了评价。结果表明:在入口温度为室温,反应压力为2.0 MPa,氢烃体积比为300,进料体积空速为2.0 h^(-1)的优化加氢工艺条件下,小试催化剂可以将混合碳四原料中单烯烃质量分数降低至1.0%以下;与小试催化剂相比,中试放大催化剂堆积密度和径向抗压碎力分别提高73%,302%;中试放大催化剂与进口钯系催化剂在789 h评价周期内的不饱和烃转化率分别为94.26%,89.72%,前者比后者具有更优的低温加氢活性和加氢稳定性。

基于项目的学习法联合慕课在医学统计学教学中的应用与思考

医学统计学课程教学团队从研究生医学统计学课程教学现状和存在问题出发,提出基于项目的学习法(project-based learning,PBL)联合大规模开放在线课程(massive open online courses,MOOC),即慕课的教学模式。本文对这种新型教学模式在研究生医学统计学课程的操作实施过程进行详细阐述,并对教学效果进行比较分析。结果表明PBL联合MOOC教学模式在提高学生的学习兴趣和动力、拓展学习资源和学习路径等方面具有优势,与传统教学模式相互补充和融合是解决当前研究生医学统计学课程学习瓶颈的有效途径,为当前医学院校研究生课程的教学改革与实践提供新思路。

基于宏微观多尺度建模的校园疫情演化仿真研究

校园师生人群聚集密度高,是疫情防控的重点和难点。基于现有宏微观尺度的研究,提出使用多尺度建模仿真分析校园内新冠疫情的演化趋势和防控方案的绩效。宏观建模采用易感-潜伏-传染-恢复(SEIR)模型,输出无症状患者和有症状患者数量随时间变化的曲线,研究疫情演化趋势;微观建模采用离散事件建模仿真和基于智能体建模,对个体学生的在校行为和疫情演化进行微观仿真,模拟新冠病毒在校园内的人传人过程。并通过案例研究,验证错峰上学、核酸检测“每天一检”并隔离阳性患者方案的有效性,通过对参数的灵敏度分析识别关键参数。结果表明,多尺度疫情建模仿真方法,从不同的角度和层级揭示了校园疫情的演化过程,可为校方优化防疫方案提供参考。

新能源风力发电项目66 kV系统应用前景研究

随着“3060”碳达峰、碳中和目标的实施,大容量风电基地将不断出现,未来风电机组单机容量越来越大,集电线路采用66 kV电压等级,由于其在投资和电能损耗方面的优势,将是风电场发展的必然趋势。文章对35 kV与66 kV集电线路的经济性进行分析,以期为相关人员提供参考。

青少年体育家庭促进因素量表的编制与检验

目的:基于生态系统理论,开发一份适用于我国青少年体育家庭促进因素量表,并对其信度和效度进行验证。方法:利用区域抽样法,对华东、华中、华南、西南及西北地区的20名10至18岁青少年样本进行访谈。利用扎根理论对访谈资料进行三级编码,初步构建青少年体育家庭促进因素的结构维度,设计出30个初始题项。最后,对1371名青少年进行问卷测试,筛选有效问卷后,随机分为两组进行探索性和验证性因子分析。研究结果:探索性因子分析揭示量表包含行为习惯、父母体育支持、家庭运动价值观、资源投入四个维度,共13个题项。验证性因子分析证实了模型结构的有效性,各项拟合指标均满足接受标准(χ^(2)/df=2.490,GFI=0.962,CFI=0.981,IFI=0.981,AGFI=0.952,RMSEA=0.052)。此外,总量表及各维度α系数为0.832~0.922,折半信度为0.840~0.884,平均提取方差(AVE)为0.624~0.721,组合信度(CR)为0.838~0.963,且均达到显著性水平。研究结论:青少年体育家庭促进因素量表具有良好的信、效度。本研究为未来相关定量研究提供了一种有效测量工具。

南岭成矿规律与百年勘查成果及新一轮找矿建议——《中国矿产地质志·南岭卷》研编

南岭成矿带是华南乃至全国最为重要且独具特色的成矿带之一,对其成矿规律的探索研究虽然历史悠久但每一次的成果总结都会推进新一轮找矿突破。笔者等在前人大量研究资料的基础上,对南岭成矿带的能源矿产(煤矿和铀矿)、有色金属矿产(钨、锡、钼、铋、铜、铅锌等)、贵金属矿产(金矿和银矿)、稀有金属和稀土金属矿产、非金属矿产(萤石)的成矿特征、时空分布规律进行了总结,并将南岭成矿带矿产按前寒武、加里东旋回、华力西旋回、印支旋回、燕山旋回及喜马拉雅旋回6个旋回厘定出21个矿床成矿系列和23个矿床成矿亚系列,为区域矿产勘查工作部署及成矿预测奠定了理论基础。为了保障能源资源安全,笔者等提出了南岭成矿带区块出让的原则性意见和柿竹园、香花岭、崇余犹、富贺钟、坪宝、三南等15个大型资源基地找矿的建议,为新一轮找矿突破战略行动提供了科学指导。

改进视觉Transformer的视频插帧方法

针对现有的视频插帧方法无法有效处理大运动和复杂运动场景的问题,提出了一种改进视觉Transformer的视频插帧方法。该方法融合了基于跨尺度窗口的注意力和可分离的时空局部注意力,增大了注意力的感受野并聚合了多尺度信息;对时空依赖和远程像素依赖关系进行联合建模,进而增强了模型对大运动场景的处理能力。实验结果表明,该方法在Vimeo90K测试集和DAVIS数据集上的PSNR指标分别达到了37.13 dB和28.28 dB,SSIM指标分别达到了0.978和0.891。同时,可视化结果表明,该方法针对存在大运动、复杂运动和遮挡场景的视频能产生清晰合理的插帧结果。

基于高质量发展的公立医院人才培养策略研究

近年公立医院如何结合医院发展战略及实际情况制定医学人才培养策略,已成为影响医院高质量发展的核心要素,而首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院原有的人事管理制度在人才培养方面体现不够明确,人力资源评价、薪酬管理体系及信息化平台管理方面有待提升。我们相继出台了一系列政策,各部门形成合力,联动推进院内人才培养项目的设立与开展,通过优化整合奖项申报、资金及平台支持、绩效激励等资源,强化人才培养体系建设,完善分层培养模式建设、构建医学人才评价管理制度、提出个性化培养策略;推进基于资源消耗的相对价值比率法人才绩效薪酬改革,针对医护技人才分类评价;加强信息化人才培养平台建设,构建人才数据库,加强医院人力资源线上管理能力。一系列措施的实施使得医院优势学科和综合实力稳步提升。

孕妇尿失禁知信行量表的汉化及在孕妇中的Rasch模型分析

目的汉化孕妇尿失禁知信行量表(knowledge,attitude and practice assessment scale for pregnant women on UI,KAP-IU)并评价其信度、效度,为医护人员对孕妇尿失禁知信行情况的评估提供测量工具。方法2022年12月—2023年3月按照国际通用量表跨文化调适流程对量表进行汉化,形成中文版KAP-IU量表。2023年3月—6月采用便利抽样选取门诊就诊孕妇456例进行调查,基于Rasch模型和经典测量学检验指标进行信度、效度检验。结果430例孕妇完成研究。中文版KAP-IU量表共由23个条目构成,符合Rasch模型单维性假设,Rasch模型解释了66.1%的变异;个人和条目的分隔信度均>0.8,分隔指数≈3,所有条目加权的均方拟合统计量(information-weighted mean square fit statistic,Infit MNSQ)和未加权的均方拟合统计量(unweighted mean square fit statistic,Outfit MNSQ)均方值在0.473~1.611之间,点测量相关系数(point-measure correlation,Pt-Measure Corr)在0.293~0.731之间,个体能力均值比条目难度均值高0.343 Logits;总量表Cronbachα系数为0.783,3个维度(知识、态度和行为)的重测信度分别为0.751、0.815、0.760;条目水平内容效度指数(item-level CVI,I-CVI)为0.810~1.000;量表水平内容效度(scale-level CVI,S-CVI)为0.824。结论中文版KAP-IU量表在国内孕妇人群中经验证信度、效度良好,难度适中,可作为孕妇尿失禁知信行情况评估的可靠工具。

不同MoCA评分下血管性认知障碍患者的灰质体积差异基于体素的形态学分析

目的:采用基于体素的形态学分析(VBM)方法,探究血管性认知障碍(VCI)患者灰质体积与认知障碍程度的关系。方法:选取157例确诊的VCI患者,根据蒙特利尔认知量表(MoCA)评分结果分为轻、中、重度组,均行颅脑MRI扫描和VBM分析。比较3组的颅脑总体积、灰质体积、白质体积、脑室或脑脊液体积,以及灰/白质体积与颅脑总体积之比。对组间差异脑区灰质体积与MoCA评分行相关性分析。结果:与轻度组相比,重度组右侧颞下回、右侧颞中回、右侧额中回、右侧额下回、右侧海马、右侧补充运动区和左侧中央旁小叶的脑灰质体积均显著减少(均P<0.05)。全部患者脑灰质体积与MoCA评分呈正相关(r=0.249,P<0.001);右侧海马区灰质体积与MoCA评分呈正相关(r=0.432,P<0.001)。结论:不同认知功能障碍水平的VCI患者存在额叶、颞叶、顶叶和海马等多个脑区的灰质体积变化,这为认知障碍程度的划分提供了神经影像学证据支持。