Topology Optimization for Harmonic Excitation Structures with Minimum Length Scale Control Using the Discrete Variable Method

Continuumtopology optimization considering the vibration response is of great value in the engineering structure design.The aimof this studyis toaddress the topological designoptimizationof harmonic excitationstructureswith minimumlength scale control to facilitate structuralmanufacturing.Astructural topology design based on discrete variables is proposed to avoid localized vibration modes,gray regions and fuzzy boundaries in harmonic excitation topology optimization.The topological design model and sensitivity formulation are derived.The requirement of minimum size control is transformed into a geometric constraint using the discrete variables.Consequently,thin bars,small holes,and sharp corners,which are not conducive to the manufacturing process,can be eliminated from the design results.The present optimization design can efficiently achieve a 0–1 topology configuration with a significantly improved resonance frequency in a wide range of excitation frequencies.Additionally,the optimal solution for harmonic excitation topology optimization is not necessarily symmetric when the load and support are symmetric,which is a distinct difference fromthe static optimization design.Hence,one-half of the design domain cannot be selected according to the load and support symmetry.Numerical examples are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the discrete variable design for excitation frequency topology optimization,and to improve the design manufacturability.

On the decomposition problem of neutral type linear large scale control system in the theory of stabilization(1)

In this paper we choose the symmetric positive definite solutionof Riccati matrix algebraic equation and,construct a positive defini-tequadratic form V-function and,use Lyapunov deco mpositionequivalence method founded by Liu Yong-qing to obtain the condi-tions of the asymptotic stability of the solution of neutral typelinear large scale control system,the estimate formula of thedecom posing coefficients and time delay are also given.

Research on the intelligent internet nursing model based on the child respiratory and asthma control test scale for asthma management of preschool children

BACKGROUND Childhood asthma is a common respiratory ailment that significantly affects preschool children.Effective asthma management in this population is particularly challenging due to limited communication skills in children and the necessity for consistent involvement of a caregiver.With the rise of digital healthcare and the need for innovative interventions,Internet-based models can potentially offer relatively more efficient and patient-tailored care,especially in children.AIM To explore the impact of an intelligent Internet care model based on the child respiratory and asthma control test(TRACK)on asthma management in preschool children.METHODS The study group comprised preschoolers,aged 5 years or younger,that visited the hospital's pediatric outpatient and emergency departments between January 2021 and January 2022.Total of 200 children were evenly and randomly divided into the observation and control groups.The control group received standard treatment in accordance with the 2016 Guidelines for Pediatric Bronchial Asthma and the Global Initiative on Asthma.In addition to above treatment,the observation group was introduced to an intelligent internet nursing model,emphasizing the TRACK scale.Key measures monitored over a six-month period included the frequency of asthma attack,emergency visits,pulmonary function parameters(FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF),monthly TRACK scores,and the SF-12 quality of life assessment.Post-intervention asthma control rates were assessed at six-month follow-up.RESULTS The observation group had fewer asthma attacks and emergency room visits than the control group(P<0.05).After six months of treatment,the children in both groups had higher FEV1,FEV1/FVC,and PEF(P<0.05).Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups(P<0.05).For six months,children in the observation group had a higher monthly TRACK score than those in the control group(P<0.05).The PCS and MCSSF-12 quality of life scores were relatively higher than those before the nursing period(P<0.05).Furthermore,the groups showed statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The asthma control rate was higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION TRACK based Intelligent Internet nursing model may reduce asthma attacks and emergency visits in asthmatic children,improve lung function,quality of life,and the TRACK score and asthma control rate.The effect of nursing was significant,allowing for development of an asthma management model.

Optimal Tracking Controller Design for a Small Scale Helicopter

A model helicopter is more difficult to control than its full scale counterpart. This is due to its greater sensitivity to control inputs and disturbances as well as higher bandwidth of dynamics. This work is focused on designing practical tracking controller for a small scale helicopter following predefined trajectories. A tracking controller based on optimal control theory is synthesized as a part of the development of an autonomous helicopter. Some issues with regards to control constraints are addressed. The weighting between state tracking performance and control power expenditure is analyzed. Overall performance of the control design is evaluated based on its time domain histories of trajectories as well as control inputs.

Design of Environmental Monitoring and Control System for Large-scale Pig House with Fermentation Bed

The design and assembly of environmental monitoring and control system for large-scale pig house with fermentation bed helped to solve the problem of environmental automatic control in piggery.The sensors would monitor the temperature,humidity,light,wind direction,wind speed,CO2,NH3and other parameters.On-line real-time data collection was achieved.The expert system was constructed to control the temperature in piggery below 30℃,to control the air and mattress humidities higher than 65%.Under the conditions of different season or different wind speed,even in day and night,the control actuators were different.The actuators included fanning wet curtain,lighting,micro spraying,spraying,propeller fan,electric aluminum alloy shutter and spraying systems on the roof.The actuators were integrated,and they control the piggery environment simultaneously.The system also designed the remote video monitor interface,parameter-monitoring curved interface and operation interface,which provided a good man-machine interface.

Assessment of Stress Cognitive Control and Executive Function with Stress Control Rating Scale (ECOSTRESS) and Low Resolution Brain Electromagnetic Tomography (LORETA) (In Portuguese People in Situations of Unemployment and Economic Insufficiency)

This article reviews the constructs of stress, appraisal, coping, according to a transactional perspective, and executive function, and presents a stress control rating scale (ECOSTRESS), which design is founded in these constructs. This psychometric tool is useful in the assessment of cognitive control of stress, correlated with the function of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. It has been validated for its use in the assessment of Portuguese people in situations of stress related to unemployment and economic insufficiency. Also, within the context of the cognitive control of stress, it is highlighted the usefulness of low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA).

Application of Time Scale to Parameters Tuning of Active Disturbance Rejection Controller for Induction Motor

Active disturbance rejection controller (ADRC) has good performance in induction motor (IM) control system, but controller parameter is difficult to tune. A method of tuning ADRC parameter by time scale is analyzed. The IM time scale is obtained by theoretical analysis. Combining the relations between scale time and ADRC parameters, ADRC parameter tuning in IM vector control based stator flux oriented is obtained. This parameter tuning method is validated by simulations and it provides a new technique for tuning of ADRC parameters of IM.

Filter-based iterative learning control for linear large-scale industrial processes

In the procedure of the steady-state hierarchical optimization with feedback for large-scale industrial processes, a sequence of set-point changes with different magnitudes is carried out on the optimization layer. To improve the dynamic performance of transient response driven by the set-point changes, a filter-based iterative learning control strategy is proposed. In the proposed updating law, a local-symmetric-integral operator is adopted for eliminating the measurement noise of output information,a set of desired trajectories are specified according to the set-point changes sequence, the current control input is iteratively achieved by utilizing smoothed output error to modify its control input at previous iteration, to which the amplified coefficients related to the different magnitudes of set-point changes are introduced. The convergence of the algorithm is conducted by incorporating frequency-domain technique into time-domain analysis. Numerical simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed strategy,

POPULATION EXPANSION IN CHINA'S METROPOLISES AND ITS SCALE-CONTROL

Metropolises are centers of politics, economy, culture and information, and also economic growth poles in comparatively large areas. After 1949, China’s urban structure have changed greatly, from original 'pyramid' shape into 'upside -down pyramid' shape, that is, more megalopolises and metropolises, fewer medium-sized and small cities. The most distinguishing feature of urban population growth was the remarkable increase of population in megalopolises and metropolises. The key reason for urban population expansion is to want to obtain the benefits of scale -agglomeration economy of metropolises. The number of urban functions directly determines the quality and quantity of urban population. Metropolises appeal not only agricultural population but also the population of medium-sized and small cities, which put much more population pressure on metropolises. The ideal goals of scale-control of metropolitan population are discussed in terms of economy, society and ecollogy. In order to control the

ON DECENTRALIZED OBSERVATION AND DECENTRALIZED CONTROL OF LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS

In this paper, the problem of decentralized observation and decentralized control of linear, time-invariant large scale systems is studied. Based on conventional observer theory, the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of completely decentralized observer are obtained. Moreover, the necessary and sufficient condition is given for stabilization of large scale systems by local output with state of the subsystem estimated through the completely decentralized observer.

Sample-data Decentralized Reliable H∞ Hyperbolic Control for Uncertain Fuzzy Large-scale Systems with Time-varying Delay

这份报纸学习样品数据的问题为有变化时间的延期的不明确的连续时间的模糊大规模系统的可靠 H 夸张控制。第一，模糊夸张模型( FHM )被用来为某些复杂大规模系统建立模型，然后根据 Lyapunov 指导方法和大规模系统的分散的控制理论，线性 matrixine 质量( LMI )基于条件 arederived toguarantee H 性能不仅当所有控制部件正在操作很好时，而且面对一些可能的致动器失败。而且，致动器的精确失败参数没被要求，并且要求仅仅是失败参数的更低、上面的界限。条件依赖于时间延期的上面的界限，并且不依赖于变化时间的延期的衍生物。因此，获得的结果是不太保守的。最后，二个例子被提供说明设计过程和它的有效性。

Decentralized robust guaranteed cost control for a class of interconnected singular large-scale systems with time-delay and parameter uncertainty

The decentralized robust guaranteed cost control problem is studied for a class of interconnected singular large-scale systems with time-delay and norm-bounded time-invariant parameter uncertainty under a given quadratic cost performance function. The problem that is addressed in this study is to design a decentralized robust guaranteed cost state feedback controller such that the closed-loop system is not only regular, impulse-free and stable, but also guarantees an adequate level of performance for all admissible uncertainties. A sufficient condition for the existence of the decentralized robust guaranteed cost state feedback controllers is proposed in terms of a linear matrix inequality （LMI） via LMI approach. When this condition is feasible, the desired state feedback decentralized robust guaranteed cost controller gain matrices can be obtained. Finally, an illustrative example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Optimal tracking control for nonlinear large-scale systems with persistent disturbances

This paper studies the optimal control with zero steady-state error problem for nonlinear large-scale systems affected by external persistent disturbances.The nonlinear large-scale system is transformed into N nonlinear subsystems with interconnect terms.Based on the internal model principle,a disturbance compensator is constructed such that the ith subsystem with external persistent disturbances is transformed into an augmented subsystem without disturbances.According to the sensitivity approach,the optimal tracking control law for the ith nonlinear subsystem can be obtained.The optimal tracking control law for the nonlinear large-scale systems can be obtained.A numerical simulation shows that the method is effective.

Pollution Control Programs of Large-Scale Livestock and Poultry Farms in the Dianchi Lake Basin

With the enlarging scale and intensifying production of livestock and poultry breeding, the environment pollution becomes increasingly prominent in the Dianchi Lake Basin since 1990s. According to the survey of ＂The First National Census of Pollution Sources＂, occurrence and discharge of pollutants in large-scale livestock and poultry farms in this region were first understood. The pollution characteristics of large-scale live- stock and poultry breeding were also analyzed deeply. On this basis, the significance of pollution control programs for environment protection was investigated from aspects of pollution control policy, technology management and publicity.

An Adaptive Sliding Mode Tracking Controller Using BP Neural Networks for a Class of Large-scale Nonlinear Systems

A new type controller, BP neural-networks-based sliding mode controller is developed for a class of large-scale nonlinear systems with unknown bounds of high-order interconnections in this paper. It is shown that decentralized BP neural networks are used to adaptively learn the uncertainty bounds of interconnected subsystems in the Lyapunov sense, and the outputs of the decentralized BP neural networks are then used as the parameters of the sliding mode controller to compensate for the effects of subsystems uncertainties. Using this scheme, not only strong robustness with respect to uncertainty dynamics and nonlinearities can be obtained, but also the output tracking error between the actual output of each subsystem and the corresponding desired reference output can asymptotically converge to zero. A simulation example is presented to support the validity of the proposed BP neural-networks-based sliding mode controller.

Trajectory Control of Scale-Free Dynamical Networks with Exogenous Disturbances

在这份报纸，多代理人的轨道控制有外长的骚乱的动态系统被学习。建议没有规模的网络拓扑学创作的多重代理人，为低度节点拒绝骚乱的表演和高度节点被分析。第一，没有骚乱的多代理人系统的一致被在代理人的部分上设计卡住的控制策略学习，在这卡住的控制能把多重代理人的状态带到期望的一致课程的地方。然后，骚乱的影响被开发骚乱观察员考虑，并且骚乱观察员基于控制(DOBC ) 为一个外长的系统产生估计骚乱的骚乱被开发。有在合成控制器下面的骚乱的多代理人系统的 Asymptotical 一致能为没有规模的网络拓扑学被完成。由与没有规模的网络拓扑学和外长的骚乱分析多代理人系统的例子，最后，结果的真理被证明。在有设计参数的 DOBC 下面，多代理人系统的轨道集中被卡住节点的二个类研究。我们发现了它为比卡住的低度节点的卡住的高度节点有更更强壮的坚韧性到外长的骚乱。

Spin-controlled directional launching of surface plasmons at the subwavelength scale

In this paper, we demonstrate a spin-controlled directional launching of surface plasmons at the subwavelength scale.Based on the principle of optical spin＇s effect for the geometric phase of light, the nanostructures were designed. The inclination of the structures decides the spin-related geometric phase and their relative positions decide the distance-related phase. Hence, the propagation direction of the generated surface plasmon polaritons（SPPs） can be controlled by the spin of photons. Numerical simulations by the finite difference time domain（FDTD） method have verified our theoretical prediction. Our structure is fabricated on the Au film by using a focused ion beam etching technique. The total size of the surface plasmon polariton（SPP） launcher is 320 nm by 180 nm. The observation of the SPP launching by using scanning near-field optical microscopy is in agreement with our theory and simulations. This result may provide a new way of spin-controlled directional launching of SPP.

Japanese Version of the Parent Health Locus of Control Scales: Validity and Reliability

The Parent Health Locus of Control (PHLOC) Scales measure parents’ beliefs about the factors that affect their children’s health. The aim of our study was to develop a Japanese version of the Parent Health Locus of Control (JPHLOC) Scales and to verify its validity and reliability. The JPHLOC scales consist of six scales: Professional Influence, Parental Influence, Child Influence, Media Influence, Fate Influence, and God, Buddha, and the Spirits Influence. Our questionnaire was administered to 231 principal caregivers from Japan whose children were under 6 years of age. The items, related to the “God, Buddha, and the Spirits Influence” scale, showed a floor effect. The exploratory factor analysis indicated that JPHLOC’ six factors functioned similarly to the PHLOC’ factors. The Fate Influence and Child Influence factor structures in JPHLOC scales were different from the corresponding factor structures in the original PHLOC scales in the functioning of only one item. There were statistically significant correlations between JPHLOC scales and Japanese version of the Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI-SF), which add evidence to the criterion-related validity of JPHLOC scales. Furthermore, applying the known-groups method, our study showed that there was a significant difference across the JPHLOC scale scores, owning to differences in the children’s and caregivers’ demographics, which provides an evidence for construct validity. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients for the six scales were estimated between 0.73 and 0.93. In a test-retest study, the interclass correlation coefficients for the six scales were ranged between 0.80 and 0.90. The results suggested that the JPHLOC scales have sufficient reliability and validity. The JPHLOC scales are applicable to the caregivers of healthy children. We confirm that the PHLOC scales are also applicable to Japanese caregivers.

Decentralized Iterative Learning Controllers for Nonlinear Large-scale Systems to Track Trajectories with Different Magnitudes

在为大规模工业进程的层次不变的优化编程，一种可行技术是使用真实系统的信息以便修改基于模型的最佳。在这种情形，有不同大小的步功能类型控制决定的一个序列被计算，由哪个真实系统连续地被刺激。在这份报纸，一套反复的学习控制器为大规模非线性的工业过程的一个班在分散的模式被嵌进层次不变的优化的过程。为每个分系统的控制器被用来产生升级的控制信号的一个序列以便与不同规模承担顺序的步骤控制决定的责任。学习控制设计的目的是连续地精制系统的短暂性能。借助于卷绕旋转积分的 Hausdorff 年轻的不平等，更新的规则的集中在 Lebesgue-p 标准的意义被分析。集中上的非线性和相互作用的发明被讨论。建议控制计划的有效性和有效性被一些模拟表明。

On the conjunction practical stability and controllability of large-scale impulsive control systems

We studied the conjunction practical stability and controllability of large-scale impulsive control systems by using the comparison systems and vector Lyapunov fimctions. Then the less conservative sufficient conditions for conjunction practical stability and controllability of large-scale impulsive control system were obtained.