Coordination Mechanism and Empirical Research on Marine Science Technology Innovation and Marine Eco-civilization:A Case Study of Coastal Areas of China

Marine science technology innovation provides power and guarantees for marine eco-civilization construction,which provides direction and material support for marine science technology innovation.Therefore,the coordinated development of the two is of great significance to the marine economy sustainable development in China’s coastal areas.On the basis of clarifying the connotations of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in China’s coastal areas from 2006 to 2019,the mechanism for their coordinated development was analysed.A comprehensive indicator system based on the connotation of the two was constructed,and the coordinated development relationship was empirically tested using the coupled coordination model and the panel vector autoregressive(PVAR)model.The results show that:1)the level of China’s coastal marine science technology innovation continues to improve,gradually forming the core of the development of marine science technology innovation in the north,east and south of Shandong,Shanghai and Guangdong;the level of marine eco-civilization development fluctuating upward trend,showing obvious spatial differentiation characteristics.2)The degree of coordination of marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization is growing over time.There is no causal relationship between marine science technology innovation and marine eco-civilization in the northern marine economic circle,but there is a two-way causal relationship between the two in the eastern and southern marine economic circles.3)Marine eco-civilization shows a significant positive and continuous impact on marine science technology innovation,and marine science technology innovation shows a long-term,continuous,fluctuating,and lagging impact on marine eco-civilization.The overall role of marine eco-civilization on marine science technology innovation is dominant,and there are significant differences in the impact effects of the two major marine economic circles.

Science,technology,and innovation in health for the next twenty years:A survey analysis in Colombia

Background:Colombia is a Latin American country with a very complex social and political context that has not allowed the allocation of sufficient resources to the fields of science,technology,and innovation(STI).This is particularly worrying for the area of health since not enough resources are allocated for public health,research,or education.Methods:The so-called“Great Survey in Health 2019”was administered online through the SurveyMonkey platform to 5298 people in different regions of the country,representing the public,private,and academic sectors.The questionnaire consisted of 46 open and closed questions,including demographic inquiries.Data analysis involved textual analytics and sentiment analysis.Results:Overall,56%of those surveyed were women within the adult life cycle.Most respondents had a postgraduate education.Greater participation was observed in the Oriental,Bogotá,and Antioquia regions,which also concentrate the largest number of resources for STI.Among the main recommendations derived from the results,priorities include investing in research,personalised medicine,promoting the social appropriation of knowledge,addressing mental health,regulating research through a statute,promoting undergraduate research,and establishing recertification exams to pursue excellence.Conclusion:The results of this original study serve as a fundamental input to promote and strengthen the STI processes in life sciences and health.They serve as a guide to generate public policies and actions that guarantee better health and well-being for the Colombian population,strategically proposing a clear roadmap for the next 20 years.

Technological Innovation Characteristics and Capacity Enhancement Ways for the Agricultural Science and Technology Enterprises in Beijing City

From the perspective of innovation mechanism,capital,personnel,achievements and conversion,this study analyzes the current situation of technological innovation in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises,and summarizes the characteristics including single financing channel of R&D funds,low conversion rate of innovative products,unbalanced distribution of technology and innovative talents,the underestimated position of enterprises as the main body of technological innovation,the large gap of innovation achievements between developed provinces and Beijing.At last,this study puts forward the ways to improve technological innovation ability in Beijing agricultural science and technology enterprises as follows:developing technological innovation strategies;improving the R&D expenditure and expanding the financing channels;perfecting the mechanism of professional personnel training in agricultural technology innovation;enhancing the level of innovation performance management;establishing and improving the corporate culture of innovation and cultivating technology innovation spirit.

Comparative Research on Sino-US Agricultural Innovation Model in Science and Technology

This research was conducted to provide a comparative analysis of China's and US's agricultural innovation in science and technology and offer some guidance on the construction of agricultural innovation system in science and technology in China. The countermeasures are proposed with a hope to shorten China's and US's gap of agricultural innovation in science and technology by analyzing agricultural innovation model features in science and technology of the United States. The advantages of United States model of agricultural innovation in science and technology include sound legal framework safeguard, complete scientific and technological innovation system, high quality and talented personnel, sufficient technical development and extension funding, and extensive applications of modern agricultural high-tech. There is a gap in agricultural innovation between China and the United States. Agriculture innovation in science and technology in China should improve in several aspects such as agricultural legislation, construction of sound agricultural innovation system in science and technology, building first-class agricultural innovation and extension teams, establishing diversified channels for investment, and improving the applications of high technology in agriculture.

Evaluation for Innovation Ability of National Agricultural Science and Technology Parks in Jiangxi Province

Innovative ability is an important indicator for judging the effectiveness of the national agricultural science and technology park construction. Based on the statistical data of four national agricultural science and technology parks built in Jiangxi Province, this paper constructs an evaluation system consisting of three first-level indicators, eight second-level indicators and 24 three-level indicators. Based on the combined weighting method, the comprehensive scores of the innovation capabilities of the parks are obtained. It is found that the gap in innovation capability of each park is wide, and the radiation-driven function has not yet appeared. It is necessary to promote the improvement of innovation capabilities by promoting the synergy and innovation of agricultural science and technology in the park, encouraging the park to construct agricultural technology business incubators, and building and improving innovation platforms.

Inevitability and Emergent Problems of Science &Technology Innovation Access to Integration

The causes and the problems of integration of scientific ＆ technical innovation （ISTI） and inevitability are proposed. The status of domestic scientific ＆ technical innovation is analysed. A series of emergent managerial problems caused by the system ISTI （SISTI） are pointed out. Because of Hall three dimensions structure＇s enlightenment, a three dimensional logical net diagram in which the system integration of innovation based on problem in real world but not on disciplinary logic is drawn. The intelligent group＇ s need span is greater under the conditions of relatively low material level than common groups who have lower degree of education. The SISTI is composed by multi-rule and intelligent multi-agent behavior. It is concluded that the logical relationships of integrated technology which based on the author＇s experience and observation must be considerded for a valid management of SISTI.

Study on the Factors Influencing the Level of Innovation in Agricultural Science and Technology Projects

This paper carries out a questionnaire survey of persons in charge of the agricultural project in the " Eleventh Five-Year National Support Program" on the level of innovation in projects and the factors influencing innovation. After the linear regression analysis of the survey data,it is found that the factors influencing the innovation in agricultural science and technology projects include the level of innovation in scientific achievements,efficiency of research methods and creation of innovation environment. Through the variance analysis of the level of innovation and its influencing factors related to different innovators,it is found that there are differences in the statistical significance of level of innovation in projects among universities,research institutes,research and extension departments directly under the government,and enterprises; there are no significant differences in the understanding of factors influencing innovation,that is,different innovators basically have the same understanding of factors influencing innovation,but the assessment on level of innovation in projects completed is different to some extent.On this basis,this paper proposes the recommendations for further strengthening the level of innovation in agricultural science and technology projects in order to provide a theoretical reference and practical basis for the project managers to effectively improve the level of agricultural science and technology project management,and enhance the level of innovation in projects.

On Innovation of Coordinative Development Mechanism of Science and Technology Park with Surrounding Areas under Promotion of the Government——Case Study on Three Science and Technology Park in Dongguan

Science and Technology Park, which plays a very important role in promoting rapid development of regional economy, has enjoyed various preferential policies in its unique development since China’s reform and opening up, which oppositely shows that the government has overlooked development outside the park and resulted in negative competition between the science and technology park and surrounding areas in resources and industry development, etc. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to overcome the existing obstacles against coordinative development between the park and surrounding areas, to explore paths where the two can development coordinately and to achieve new breakthrough and innovation in coordinative development in subject, object, platform and mechanism.

Science and Technology Backyard: A novel approach to empower smallholder farmers for sustainable intensification of agriculture in China

Sustainable feeding of the growing population in China without ecological destabilization is a grand challenge. In this populous country where agriculture is dominated by smallholder farming, developing innovative technology and translating scientific knowledge into action for smallholder farmers is a crucial step in addressing this challenge. Here, we present a novel approach for technology innovation and dissemination to achieve sustainable intensification in the fields of smallholder farmers. The Science and Technology Backyard(STB) is a hub in a rural area that links knowledge with practices to promote technology innovation and exchange. In this study, the framework and functions of STB are introduced, and the key implications for sustainable intensification across millions of smallholder farmers are explicitly stated:(i) develop innovative technology based on stated demands of farmers;(ii) disseminate technology by innovative social service models though combined top-down approaches with bottom-up measures to enable smallholders in rural areas. This paper provides a perspective on transformation of small-scale agriculture toward sustainable intensification in China and useful knowledge applicable to other developing countries.

Study on Training Ways of Marine Science and Technology Talents Based on Behavior Analysis

Firstly,the behavior of marine science and technology talents,such as scientific research,innovation,agglomeration and flow behavior,was analyzed,and then the problems in the training of marine science and technology talents were discussed.Finally,the training ways of marine science and technology talents were proposed.

The Evolution of China’s National Innovation System During the 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

From the perspective of economic system transformations and scientific and technological system reforms, this paper investigates the evolution of China’s national innovation system (NIS) during the 40 years of reform and opening up. It concludes that China’s NIS has evolved from weak to strong, from a follower groping its way onto the track of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics. China’s innovation system has experienced a trajectory from “introduction and imitation of complete sets of technology” to “market for technology and imitative innovation,” to “integrated and secondary innovation” and on to “integrated, secondary, collaborative and original innovation combined.” The path of independent innovation with Chinese characteristics is a natural choice of economic, societal, and technological development in the new era.

A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect

Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

人工智能视域下的新质生产力生成路径

随着人类从信息时代进入数字时代,以科技创新为关键核心的新质生产力正在与人工智能形成“互嵌”。基于高深知识生产、技术元素整合以及产业技术突破,人工智能在新质生产力的劳动者层面催生智能生产力,在劳动资料层面提供高效数字化的劳动工具,在劳动对象层面促发以产业生态化为特征的新型生产体系。以人工智能加快推动新质生产力发展,需要从四个方面着力:一是形成政产学研一体的人工智能人才生态;二是建立协同开放的人工智能科技创新生态;三是培育协调互嵌的人工智能产业生态;四是构建规范高效的人工智能治理制度生态。

基于多维邻近性的药学领域科技创新主导力扩散仿真研究

[目的/意义]科技创新主导力与创新团队的产出绩效息息相关,在日益庞杂的科技创新合作中至关重要。然而现有科技创新主导力的研究大多集中在定性讨论方面,本文从定量角度深入探讨科技创新主导力网络的演化机制,有助于进一步促进科技创新合作。[方法/过程]本文以药学领域的数据驱动,设定创新主体的搜索规则、主导规则、创新规则,以平均科技创新增益及其扩散速率为评价指标来衡量科技创新主导力的扩散效果,模拟科技创新主导力的扩散过程,并进一步探究多维邻近性与科技创新主导力扩散的动态关系。[结果/结论]结果显示,多维邻近性对科技创新主导力扩散具有重要影响,且不同邻近性在网络演化的不同阶段发挥着不同的作用。本文全面细致地刻画了多维邻近性在科技创新主导力网络演化的不同阶段所发挥的具体作用,进而为机构/企业和创新个体的发展提供参考。

科技创新与乡村振兴耦合协调发展分析——以陕西省为例

科技创新是推动乡村振兴和高质量发展的根本动力.通过构建乡村振兴与科技创新耦合协调评价指标体系和评价模型,对陕西省乡村振兴与科技创新耦合协调发展的总体态势和地区差异进行综合分析.结果表明,2010—2020年陕西省乡村振兴与科技创新耦合协调度为0.49~0.79,基本处于勉强协调到中级协调的等级.科技创新与乡村振兴综合发展指数均呈增长态势,但乡村振兴发展较滞后;耦合发展协调度虽不断向好发展,但协调等级依然较低.省内各地市2系统失调区域范围逐渐缩小,协调发展地区增多,乡村振兴发展落后于科技创新.根据研究结果提出一系列提升地区乡村振兴和科技创新水平的政策建议.

Significance and Progress of Bionics

The four topics are described including the driving force and source of the scientific and technological creation, the definition and history of the bionics, the important significance of bionics in the development of the human beings, and the leading edge and progress of bionics. The appetency of human for the creation is the essential motivity of the innovation in science and technology. Nature and society are the objects for us to cognize and serve, meanwhile, the best teachers for us to learn from them. It is only 5 million years for human's development, but evolution of life has over 3.5 billion years history. Although, copying the creation from the human being is important, however, it has much more potential and opportunity in imitating the nature, and more possibility to promote the ability of original innovation. The significance and progress of bionics are summarized, in this paper, and the leading edges of bionics, in the near future, are forecasted.

THE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY BACKYARD AS A LOCAL LEVEL INNOVATION INTERMEDIARY IN RURAL CHINA

Agricultural innovation can be described as a coevolutionary process of technological innovation,symbolic change,and social or institutional innovation,which relies on the interactions and collaboration between multiple stakeholders.This view emphasizes the significance of innovation intermediaries in supporting the coevolution process of innovation.Many studies have provided evidence on how innovation intermediaries play roles in supporting the coevolution innovation process at a broader innovation system level.However,little emphasis has been given to the role of innovation intermediaries in supporting the coevolution process of innovation at the community level in rural China.To address this research gap,this paper offers a case study of a novel type of innovation support intervention designed to promote technical change at the community level,the Science and Technology Backyard(STB).The paper focuses on the efforts of a specific STB in Wangzhuang village to promote innovation in tillage methods in wheat production.The aims was to examine the role of this newly emerging innovation support intervention in supporting the coevolution process of innovation at the community level,and compare the outcome of the coevolution process in the village with an STB to that in villages without an STB.Innovation journey analysis is applied to understand the evolved intermediation roles in the innovation process,and multivariate regression analysis is employed to assess the outcome of the coevolution process in villages with and without an STB.The findings suggest that the roles of STBs have evolved from knowledge brokers to systemic innovation intermediaries that facilitate the coevolution process of innovation inside an STB village.It has led to a higher adoption rate of improved technology,a better enabling environment for learning,and more effective institutional support in STB villages than in non-STB villages.However,the effect of support provided by a single STB on the coevolution process outside the community was limited.This finding points to a need for collaboration mechanisms and for connecting single STBs to support the coevolution process of innovation at a larger scale.

HOW TO PUSH FORWARD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN CHINA—ABOUT RESEARCH, DEVELOPMENT, AND TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

It is out of question that China has achieved considerable advancements in science and technology. The worldwide spread of ＂Made in China＂ that gets on the western countries＇ nerves is a good illustration. However, although comparatively better than some other developing countries, we have to face the situation that science and technology in such a great nation as China is still seriously lagged behind, lacking great breakthroughs and top-ranking masters and leaders. That＇s why we feel uneasy in front of international colleagues.