Named entity recognition(NER)is a fundamental task of information extraction(IE),and it has attracted considerable research attention in recent years.The abundant annotated English NER datasets have significantly prom...Named entity recognition(NER)is a fundamental task of information extraction(IE),and it has attracted considerable research attention in recent years.The abundant annotated English NER datasets have significantly promoted the NER research in the English field.By contrast,much fewer efforts are made to the Chinese NER research,especially in the scientific domain,due to the scarcity of Chinese NER datasets.To alleviate this problem,we present aChinese scientificNER dataset–SciCN,which contains entity annotations of titles and abstracts derived from 3,500 scientific papers.We manually annotate a total of 62,059 entities,and these entities are classified into six types.Compared to English scientific NER datasets,SciCN has a larger scale and is more diverse,for it not only contains more paper abstracts but these abstracts are derived from more research fields.To investigate the properties of SciCN and provide baselines for future research,we adapt a number of previous state-of-theart Chinese NER models to evaluate SciCN.Experimental results show that SciCN is more challenging than other Chinese NER datasets.In addition,previous studies have proven the effectiveness of using lexicons to enhance Chinese NER models.Motivated by this fact,we provide a scientific domain-specific lexicon.Validation results demonstrate that our lexicon delivers better performance gains than lexicons of other domains.We hope that the SciCN dataset and the lexicon will enable us to benchmark the NER task regarding the Chinese scientific domain and make progress for future research.The dataset and lexicon are available at:https://github.com/yangjingla/SciCN.git.展开更多
‘Empowerment’is the result of pursuing special capabilities under a specific value orientation.The changes in related object capabilities triggered by scientific and technical information activities in the new envir...‘Empowerment’is the result of pursuing special capabilities under a specific value orientation.The changes in related object capabilities triggered by scientific and technical information activities in the new environment are important to the national scientific and technical(S&T)information governance.Based on the empowerment theories and evaluation practices,this study attempts to construct an empowerment evaluation framework for national S&T information governance and takes the participatory technology assessment and Altmetrics methods as examples to demonstrate its advantages:1)The capability changes and development potential are regarded as important basis for evaluation;2)The multi-person participation and multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method is conducive to the democratic and objective nature of science and technology information governance policy formulation.展开更多
On December 22, 2010, an E-mail by Dr. Elena Raevskaya, the manager of Asia and Africa Section, All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information (V1NITI), was sent to Journal Publishing Center, Xinjiang...On December 22, 2010, an E-mail by Dr. Elena Raevskaya, the manager of Asia and Africa Section, All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information (V1NITI), was sent to Journal Publishing Center, Xinjiang Insti- tute of Ecology and Geography, CAS and said “Here is some new information about the Chinese journals evaluated by our experts. Ten journals have been found informative and useful in our work and have been included in VINITI database for regular abstraction (some of these journals were reexamined by expertise).”展开更多
We offer a new understanding of the scientific world and the contents of the basic question of philosophy,which is based on an analysis of the phenomenon of the specific information in the various components of the st...We offer a new understanding of the scientific world and the contents of the basic question of philosophy,which is based on an analysis of the phenomenon of the specific information in the various components of the structure of reality.It is shown that,in addition to material objects,processes,and events,in the real world are also intangible objects,processes and conditions that are in its information content.So the basic question of philosophy is proposed to treat the relationship as a tangible and intangible component of reality.More succinctly it can be formulated as the ratio of matter and information.This allows you to point to some new challenges studying the phenomenon of information in various components of the structure of reality.展开更多
It is important to effectively identify the data value of open source scientific and technological information and to help intelligence analysts select high-value data from a large number of open-source scientific and...It is important to effectively identify the data value of open source scientific and technological information and to help intelligence analysts select high-value data from a large number of open-source scientific and technological information. The data value evaluation methods of scientific and technological information is proposed in the open source environment. According to the characteristics of the methods, the data value evaluation methods were divided into the following three aspects: research on data value evaluation methods based on information metrology, research on data value evaluation methods based on economic perspective and research on data value assessment methods based on text analysis. For each method, it indicated the main ideas, application scenarios, advantages and disadvantages.展开更多
This study presents a clustering algorithm based on hierarchical expansion to solve the problem of community detection in scientific collaboration network. The characteristics of achievements information related to sc...This study presents a clustering algorithm based on hierarchical expansion to solve the problem of community detection in scientific collaboration network. The characteristics of achievements information related to scientific and technological domains are analyzed,and then an ontology that represents their latent collaborative relations is built to detect clusters from the collaboration network. A case study is conducted to collect a data set of research achievements in the electric vehicle field and better clustering results are obtained. A hierarchical recommendation framework that enriches the domain ontologies and retrieves more relevant information resources is proposed in the last part of this paper. This work also lays out a novel insight into the exploitation of scientific collaboration network to better classify achievements information.展开更多
The aim of this paper was to identify the trends and hot topics in the study of scientific collaboration via scientometric analysis. Information visualization and knowledge domain visualization techniques were adopted...The aim of this paper was to identify the trends and hot topics in the study of scientific collaboration via scientometric analysis. Information visualization and knowledge domain visualization techniques were adopted to determine how the study of scientific collaboration has evolved. A total of 1,455 articles on scientific cooperation published between 1993 and 2007 were retrieved from the SCI, SSCI and A&HCI databases with a topic search of scientific collaboration or scientific cooperation for the analysis. By using CiteSpace, the knowledge bases, research foci, and research fronts in the field of scientific collaboration were studied. The results indicated that research fronts and research foci are highly consistent in terms of the concept, origin, measurement, and theory of scientific collaboration. It also revealed that research fronts included scientific collaboration networks, international scientific collaboration, social network analysis and techniques, and applications of bibliometrical indicators, webmetrics, and health care related areas.展开更多
科研文献数据库信息构建工作对于辅助科研人员开展科学研究活动具有重大现实意义。本文从组织系统、导航系统、搜索系统以及标签系统的开发入手,对以Scientific research publishing网站为代表的英文科研文献数据库网站中信息构建理论...科研文献数据库信息构建工作对于辅助科研人员开展科学研究活动具有重大现实意义。本文从组织系统、导航系统、搜索系统以及标签系统的开发入手,对以Scientific research publishing网站为代表的英文科研文献数据库网站中信息构建理论的体现进行了分析,并对英文科研文献数据库网站的信息构建工作的机遇和挑战进行了归纳。展开更多
Based on the perception of knowledge management from experts specializing in different fields,and experts at home and abroad,the knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution can build new platf...Based on the perception of knowledge management from experts specializing in different fields,and experts at home and abroad,the knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution can build new platform,offer new approach for realization of explicit or tacit knowledge,and promote resilience and innovative ability of scientific research institution.The thesis has introduced functions of knowledge management research of agricultural science.First,it can transform the tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge.Second,it can make all the scientific personnel share knowledge.Third,it is beneficial to the development of prototype system of knowledge management.Fourth,it mainly researches the realization of knowledge management system.Fifth,it can manage the external knowledge via competitive intelligence.Sixth,it can foster talents of knowledge management for agricultural scientific research institution.Seventh,it offers the decision-making service for leaders to manage scientific program.The thesis also discusses the content of knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution as follows:production and innovation of knowledge;attainment and organizing of knowledge;dissemination and share of knowledge;management of human resources and the construction and management of infrastructure.We have put forward corresponding countermeasures to further reinforce the knowledge management research of agricultural scientific research institution.展开更多
A visualization system for the official and scientific management has been designed on C++. By this system, the information of database has been shown to users intuitively, which makes it possible for users to be free...A visualization system for the official and scientific management has been designed on C++. By this system, the information of database has been shown to users intuitively, which makes it possible for users to be free from the data sea. The system can realize the information mining and the integrated display, at the same time, improve the information’s constructive level and integration degree.展开更多
Purpose: This paper aims to explore best practices in academic and research libraries in providing information literacy(IL) instruction to science and engineering graduate students.Design/methodology/approach: Using t...Purpose: This paper aims to explore best practices in academic and research libraries in providing information literacy(IL) instruction to science and engineering graduate students.Design/methodology/approach: Using the questionnaire survey method, we conducted an IL assessment study on 114 graduate students enrolling in graduate courses offered by College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(GUCAS).Findings: The current situation of graduate students' IL competencies and the need to develop them are revealed. An IL course was designed by subject librarians of National Science Library(NSL), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), with three patterns addressing the development of graduate students' IL competencies.Research limitations: It is only about the practice of subject librarians at NSL, CAS, in designing IL courses for graduate students enrolling in graduate courses offered by College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, GUCAS.Practical implications: The results can provide a lot of useful information for the improvement of IL competencies of graduate students in science and technology disciplines.Originality/value: It is significant for assisting future subject librarians in incorporating IL skills into their course, especially for academic and research librarians to prepare and develop IL courses for science and engineering graduate students.展开更多
基金This research was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program[2020YFB1006302].
文摘Named entity recognition(NER)is a fundamental task of information extraction(IE),and it has attracted considerable research attention in recent years.The abundant annotated English NER datasets have significantly promoted the NER research in the English field.By contrast,much fewer efforts are made to the Chinese NER research,especially in the scientific domain,due to the scarcity of Chinese NER datasets.To alleviate this problem,we present aChinese scientificNER dataset–SciCN,which contains entity annotations of titles and abstracts derived from 3,500 scientific papers.We manually annotate a total of 62,059 entities,and these entities are classified into six types.Compared to English scientific NER datasets,SciCN has a larger scale and is more diverse,for it not only contains more paper abstracts but these abstracts are derived from more research fields.To investigate the properties of SciCN and provide baselines for future research,we adapt a number of previous state-of-theart Chinese NER models to evaluate SciCN.Experimental results show that SciCN is more challenging than other Chinese NER datasets.In addition,previous studies have proven the effectiveness of using lexicons to enhance Chinese NER models.Motivated by this fact,we provide a scientific domain-specific lexicon.Validation results demonstrate that our lexicon delivers better performance gains than lexicons of other domains.We hope that the SciCN dataset and the lexicon will enable us to benchmark the NER task regarding the Chinese scientific domain and make progress for future research.The dataset and lexicon are available at:https://github.com/yangjingla/SciCN.git.
基金Supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(No.16BTQ058)
文摘‘Empowerment’is the result of pursuing special capabilities under a specific value orientation.The changes in related object capabilities triggered by scientific and technical information activities in the new environment are important to the national scientific and technical(S&T)information governance.Based on the empowerment theories and evaluation practices,this study attempts to construct an empowerment evaluation framework for national S&T information governance and takes the participatory technology assessment and Altmetrics methods as examples to demonstrate its advantages:1)The capability changes and development potential are regarded as important basis for evaluation;2)The multi-person participation and multi-indicator comprehensive evaluation method is conducive to the democratic and objective nature of science and technology information governance policy formulation.
文摘On December 22, 2010, an E-mail by Dr. Elena Raevskaya, the manager of Asia and Africa Section, All-Russian Institute of Scientific and Technical Information (V1NITI), was sent to Journal Publishing Center, Xinjiang Insti- tute of Ecology and Geography, CAS and said “Here is some new information about the Chinese journals evaluated by our experts. Ten journals have been found informative and useful in our work and have been included in VINITI database for regular abstraction (some of these journals were reexamined by expertise).”
文摘We offer a new understanding of the scientific world and the contents of the basic question of philosophy,which is based on an analysis of the phenomenon of the specific information in the various components of the structure of reality.It is shown that,in addition to material objects,processes,and events,in the real world are also intangible objects,processes and conditions that are in its information content.So the basic question of philosophy is proposed to treat the relationship as a tangible and intangible component of reality.More succinctly it can be formulated as the ratio of matter and information.This allows you to point to some new challenges studying the phenomenon of information in various components of the structure of reality.
文摘It is important to effectively identify the data value of open source scientific and technological information and to help intelligence analysts select high-value data from a large number of open-source scientific and technological information. The data value evaluation methods of scientific and technological information is proposed in the open source environment. According to the characteristics of the methods, the data value evaluation methods were divided into the following three aspects: research on data value evaluation methods based on information metrology, research on data value evaluation methods based on economic perspective and research on data value assessment methods based on text analysis. For each method, it indicated the main ideas, application scenarios, advantages and disadvantages.
基金Supported by the National Social Science Foundation of China(No.14CTQ045)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2015M570131)
文摘This study presents a clustering algorithm based on hierarchical expansion to solve the problem of community detection in scientific collaboration network. The characteristics of achievements information related to scientific and technological domains are analyzed,and then an ontology that represents their latent collaborative relations is built to detect clusters from the collaboration network. A case study is conducted to collect a data set of research achievements in the electric vehicle field and better clustering results are obtained. A hierarchical recommendation framework that enriches the domain ontologies and retrieves more relevant information resources is proposed in the last part of this paper. This work also lays out a novel insight into the exploitation of scientific collaboration network to better classify achievements information.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.70773015,70431001 and 70620140115)the National Social Sciences Foundation(Grant No.07CTQ008)the Project of DUT(Grant No.DUTHS1002)
文摘The aim of this paper was to identify the trends and hot topics in the study of scientific collaboration via scientometric analysis. Information visualization and knowledge domain visualization techniques were adopted to determine how the study of scientific collaboration has evolved. A total of 1,455 articles on scientific cooperation published between 1993 and 2007 were retrieved from the SCI, SSCI and A&HCI databases with a topic search of scientific collaboration or scientific cooperation for the analysis. By using CiteSpace, the knowledge bases, research foci, and research fronts in the field of scientific collaboration were studied. The results indicated that research fronts and research foci are highly consistent in terms of the concept, origin, measurement, and theory of scientific collaboration. It also revealed that research fronts included scientific collaboration networks, international scientific collaboration, social network analysis and techniques, and applications of bibliometrical indicators, webmetrics, and health care related areas.
文摘科研文献数据库信息构建工作对于辅助科研人员开展科学研究活动具有重大现实意义。本文从组织系统、导航系统、搜索系统以及标签系统的开发入手,对以Scientific research publishing网站为代表的英文科研文献数据库网站中信息构建理论的体现进行了分析,并对英文科研文献数据库网站的信息构建工作的机遇和挑战进行了归纳。
文摘Based on the perception of knowledge management from experts specializing in different fields,and experts at home and abroad,the knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution can build new platform,offer new approach for realization of explicit or tacit knowledge,and promote resilience and innovative ability of scientific research institution.The thesis has introduced functions of knowledge management research of agricultural science.First,it can transform the tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge.Second,it can make all the scientific personnel share knowledge.Third,it is beneficial to the development of prototype system of knowledge management.Fourth,it mainly researches the realization of knowledge management system.Fifth,it can manage the external knowledge via competitive intelligence.Sixth,it can foster talents of knowledge management for agricultural scientific research institution.Seventh,it offers the decision-making service for leaders to manage scientific program.The thesis also discusses the content of knowledge management of agricultural scientific research institution as follows:production and innovation of knowledge;attainment and organizing of knowledge;dissemination and share of knowledge;management of human resources and the construction and management of infrastructure.We have put forward corresponding countermeasures to further reinforce the knowledge management research of agricultural scientific research institution.
文摘A visualization system for the official and scientific management has been designed on C++. By this system, the information of database has been shown to users intuitively, which makes it possible for users to be free from the data sea. The system can realize the information mining and the integrated display, at the same time, improve the information’s constructive level and integration degree.
文摘Purpose: This paper aims to explore best practices in academic and research libraries in providing information literacy(IL) instruction to science and engineering graduate students.Design/methodology/approach: Using the questionnaire survey method, we conducted an IL assessment study on 114 graduate students enrolling in graduate courses offered by College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences(GUCAS).Findings: The current situation of graduate students' IL competencies and the need to develop them are revealed. An IL course was designed by subject librarians of National Science Library(NSL), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), with three patterns addressing the development of graduate students' IL competencies.Research limitations: It is only about the practice of subject librarians at NSL, CAS, in designing IL courses for graduate students enrolling in graduate courses offered by College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, GUCAS.Practical implications: The results can provide a lot of useful information for the improvement of IL competencies of graduate students in science and technology disciplines.Originality/value: It is significant for assisting future subject librarians in incorporating IL skills into their course, especially for academic and research librarians to prepare and develop IL courses for science and engineering graduate students.