The social determinants of health influencing obesity for the aged in the Pakpoon community context:A qualitative study

Objective:This study aimed to describe the social determinants of health influencing obesity for the aged in a community context and based on the perspectives of various stakeholders.Methods:This was qualitative content analysis study using data from the focus group,individual in-depth interview,and observation.The study population was domiciled in Pakpoon Village,Mung Dis-trict,Nakhon Si Thammarat Province,a tight-knit settlement typical of most retirement communities.Data were collected through two focus group discussions,direct observation,and in-depth interviews with 19 participants.Respondents represented key community groups:local nurses and public health officers,elderly residents,family caregivers(family members),and village health volunteers.Results:The participants shared similar perspectives about the social determinants of health influencing obesity in the aged,which spanned three themes.These were:1)neighborhood food environment(easy access to unhealthy food,no choice to recruit healthy food);2)social networks influencing obesity(family affects food choices and prohibitions on exercise;belief,and socially imposed body image per-ceptions contributing to obesity in the aged);and 3)knowledge,attitudes,and beliefs behind lifestyle choices that cause obesity in the elderly(lack of awareness,personal attitudes,job and familial duties as barriers to engaging in physical activities;over-consumption behaviors lead to obesity in older people).Conclusion:These three themes were the root causes of obesity in the elderly in Pakpoon’s retirement community.This finding suggests that policymakers and nurses can create healthy environments,both to treat and prevent obesity,by raising awareness in younger generations,providing aging the provision of healthy food choices for older adults,encouraging health care professionals to share knowledge,and by modifying the attitudes and beliefs of both caregivers and older adults.

The perceptions on good death of the older adults in the semi-urban community:A qualitative study

Objective This study aimed to explore the perceptions of good death of the older adults living in Bang Nang Li Sub-District,Amphawa District,Samut Songkhram Province,Thailand.Method The data of the study was collected using in-depth interviews between October 2019 to January 2020.The data collected a total of 14 older adults who had firsthand experience in caring for terminally ill patients were recruited for the study.Content analysis was employed to analyze qualitative data.Results The results of this study revealed the perceptions of good death which were categorized into three main themes and eight sub-themes,including 1)death without suffering(not suffering from life support devices,dying with care);2)natural death(death with the end of life expectancy,death with illness or ailments);and 3)death without the worries(preparation for death,spiritual and belief practice toward preparation for death,family and property management before death,death among family members and at their familiar place).Conclusion The findings of this research provided the insight to clarify the understanding of the perceptions on a good death of older adults.The findings can be used to support the practice and management of nursing education and health care providers who have to be involved in palliative care for terminally ill older adults.

Roles of mutual help of local community networks in community health activities: Improvement for the quality of life of older people in Thailand

Objectives: This study aimed to describe work and activities of community networks focusing on the improvement of the quality of life (QOL) of older people in Thailand.The understanding of the work can help enhancing the community development and strengthening of local communities and their networks.Methods: Qualitative methods including in-depth interview,observation,and focus group discussion were employed to the study.64 participants participated to the study and were recruited from 4 key actors within the community.Content analysis was used to analyze the obtained data.This study was conducted in 6 local administrative organizations (LAOs) which selected from the outstanding areas of the project.Each LAO represents one sub-district of the regions of Thailand namely;(1) the upper north,(2) the lower north,(3)the upper eastern,(4) the lower eastern,(5) the central and (6) the south.Results: The findings of this study were categorized into three main themes: (1) Social capital including people in the community,social groups,and organizations,(2) Mutual help/collaboration activities composed of six sets of activities related to social capitals working on the improvement of QOL of older people,and (3) Impacts of the mutual help/collaboration activities on older people and local communities who help to improve of QOL of older people.Conclusion: The findings are important features for the community development.These themes should be recommended for community nurses,health related groups and organizations for the improvement of QOL of older people in the community.

The Management of Mental Health, and Service Networks in Italy

Madness has attracted and frightened for centuries,and talking about this means discussing how this diversity was built and managed in different social contexts and historical periods.Not all societies have had,and still have,the same relationship with madness.It is only with the affirmation of the Modern State,and of Capitalism,that the idea of“normality”indispensable to be able to conceive diversity as something dangerously distant and different from the norm takes over.In our post-modern society,people with mental illness in Italy can resort to specialists and social-health services.But the heterogeneous answers given after the approval of law 180 appear to be increasingly diversified.In this research,much attention will be paid to how the social and health services,located in different areas of Italy(Messina,Rome,Trento)face the current growing risk of social,housing and economic isolation of these fragile subjects.The aim of the research is to explore the possibility of a new relationship between the social-health service and the local community.On the one hand,research investigates what the contribution of the services could be.On the other what the spaces of protagonism and participation of the community could be in inclusion process account.In order to better understand the differences between these two dimensions,a qualitative research approach was chosen through the conduct of in-depth interviews.In this way it was possible to investigate:(1)the partial representations characteristic of the single individual,family members,operators and stackholders in general;(2)the services around the topic dealt with is articulated.From the first results of the research it emerges that the territory can no longer be considered as an abstract entity,but becomes the social space within which the construction of a new community welfare can and must take place.

Intelligent health in the IS area:A literature review and research agenda

As the global demand for healthcare services continues to grow,improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the healthcare ecosystem has become a pressing concern.Information systems are transforming the healthcare delivery process,shifting the focus of healthcare services from passive disease treatment to proactive health prevention and the healthcare management model from hospital-centric to patient-centric.This study focuses on reviewing research in IS journals on the topic of e-health and is dedicated to constructing a theoretical model of intelligent health to provide a research basis for future discussions in this field.In addition,as the innovation of intelligent healthcare services has led to changes in its elements(e.g.,an increase in the number of stakeholders),there is an urgent need to sort out and analyze the existing research.

军队中医科研的发展困局及对策分析

目的 对军队中医学科科研的发展困局进行深度剖析并展开对策分析,为其科研体系的发展与建设提供理论参考。方法 针对目前军队中医学科现状、军队医疗系统改革、军队院校人才培养等因素对军队中医学科科研体系建设的影响展开讨论与对策分析。结果 提高军队中医学科科研能力是军队中医学科建设的根本基石,然而目前大部分军队中医学科科研面临着科研条件不理想、科研人才缺乏、科研意识相对薄弱、军队任务繁重等消极影响因素,因此一直处于边缘化的状态,发展较地方中医学科以及军队西医学科均相对滞后,可以采取以军队医疗需求为导向、立足临床发展科研、注重科研团队培养、实施科研激励措施以及寻求多方科研合作等应对方式开展军队中医科研。结论 军队中医学科科研目前受到多方面因素的发展制约,可以通过多种应对方式来促进其发展建设。

开发中国医药卫生管理文献全文数据库的构想

随着医药卫生管理学科的发展、文献刊物种类及信息量的剧增 ,管理人员需要通过数据库技术帮助实现快速、准确地查找专业信息。

体质健康测试与指导实验教学中心的改革探究——以华东理工大学体育科学与工程学院为例

对大学生体质健康测试与指导实验教学中心的实验工作和服务功能进行研究,通过强化实验室的制度建设和发展理念、加强硬件建设、构建新的实验课程体系、改良实验及成绩考核方法、加强师资队伍建设、强化实验室对外服务功能等措施来提高其实验教学质量和科研水平,更好地为大众服务。

以科学发展观为导向,促进医疗卫生服务效率的提高——国家中医临床研究基地建设单位“十一五”数据综合分析

本文以16家国家中医临床研究基地建设单位的调研工作为背景,深入挖掘医疗卫生服务效率的内涵。通过数据包络分析方法全面阐述医疗卫生服务效率投入与产出的内在联系,并提出相应的政策建议,力求以科学发展观为导向,逐步提高医疗卫生服务效率,实现医院的全面协调可持续发展。

实施社区医学科学研究 提升社区卫生服务质量(一)

目的进一步培养和提高社区卫生服务医务人员的综合素质,提升社区卫生服务中心的研究工作水平。方法总结社区卫生服务医务人员课题研究设计的现状。结果指出了社区卫生服务医务人员课题研究设计方面的问题,并对如何提高社区卫生服务医务人员素质和课题质量提出建议。结论实施社区医学科学研究,阐述社区卫生服务医务人员课题研究的重要意义,可提高社区卫生服务中心的工作水平。

社区卫生机构开展科研的回顾与建议

围绕社区卫生服务如何开展科学研究,在回顾上海市社区卫生服务机构19年的科研历程基础上,提出社区卫生科研的开展需要3方面的共同努力:(1)省市级卫生科教的支撑与引领,(2)社区卫生服务中心管理层对科研的重视与鼓励,(3)社区医生对提升自我科研素养与能力的主观意识与愿望;提出了具体做法,其中,特别强调了社区卫生管理层应重视"科研团队"的建设与"全科团队"的应用,并指出社区医生在科研过程中将经历的3个阶段与应对策略,供同行参考与借鉴。

大力开展社区科研是一项重要而迫切的学科人才建设任务

本文在肯定"社区医生要开展科研"的基础上,具体阐述社区卫生服务机构的医务人员为什么要开展科研;社区卫生科研能进行哪些方面的研究,并指出社区卫生开展科研具有研究内容与方法上的先天优势。社区医生应转换思维,跳出临床医学的框架,在自然科学与人文社会科学交叉融合的全科医学领域内开展社区卫生科研。

杭州市部分社区卫生服务中心近十年科研能力现状及对策研究

目的了解杭州市上城区社区卫生服务中心文献的发表情况,发现存在的问题并提出解决对策。方法以Webofscience、CNKI、万方数据库作为文献检索库,对2012~2021年杭州市上城区6家社区卫生服务中心发表的文献进行检索,统计分析文献数量、发表及参与机构、期刊性质、研究方向等。结果获得合格文献282篇,其中核心期刊120篇(42.55%)。不同卫生服务中心发表文献数量差别较大,且总体呈下降趋势。文献研究方向分为6类,其中疾病/健康相关问题的文献最多,占76.60%,与中医中药研究相关的文献占48.58%。28.72%的文献与上级医院有合作,包含46.67%的核心期刊。发表文献数量排名前10位的期刊共刊载文献124篇(43.97%),包括4种核心期刊。结论近十年杭州市上城区社区卫生服务中心文献发表数量不断减少,科研水平参差不齐、研究方向单一、整体科研水平有待进一步提高。因此,应加强社区全科科学研究相关培训,加强社区科研人才队伍建设,为全科医学的发展提供源源不断的动力。

重庆市土湾社区卫生服务中心抓科研促发展的探索与实践

科学研究在社区卫生服务机构的发展中发挥着重要作用,能够有效地促进基层卫生服务机构人才队伍培养、服务能力提升和管理体系优化。本研究总结和回顾了重庆市土湾街道社区卫生服务中心抓科研促发展的经验和做法,阐明了科研在促进社区卫生服务中心整体发展中的作用及意义,以期为相关基层卫生机构提供参考与借鉴。

上海市杨浦区社区全科医生科研可行性探讨

目的:探讨新全科医学形势下社区科研工作的准入问题。方法:从上海市杨浦区11家社区卫生服务中心从事全科医学领域工作超过10年的机构管理者中随机抽取55名进行问卷调查。结果:47.3%的社区医疗机构管理者以往有科研经历,管理者认为社区开展科研的阻力为硬件条件薄弱、软件条件仍处于初级阶段;社区开展科研的动力为社区预防与保健工作需要人群健康的相关研究做支撑,当前职称晋升环境要求社区全科医生掌握一定的科研技能。结论:社区需要提高科研可行性,在当前社区科研存在诸多缺陷的情况下,机构和政府应加大科学引导与规范。

城市社区卫生服务机构以科研促发展模式的探索实践

科研在城市社区卫生服务发展中发挥着不可替代的重要作用,可有效促进社区卫生中心管理体系的完善、优秀人才的培养和特色服务的形成.文章总结上海市枫林街道社区卫生服务中心以科研促发展模式的探索实践,阐述科研在促进城市社区卫生服务中心整体发展中的作用及意义,以期为相关社区卫生服务机构提供参考与借鉴.