Systematic Analysis of Factors Associated with Late Breast Cancer Screening in Women in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2014 to 2020

Research background: Breast cancer remains a major public health problem, with a high number of new cases and deaths each year. However, despite advances in research to improve this disease, there is a high rate of late detection, leading to diagnosis at an advanced stage and a reduced chance of survival. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with late detection of breast cancer in women in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2014 to 2020.Setting: This systematic review focuses on sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We searched for articles in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Global-Health and CINAHL) between 2014 and 2020 and performed a narrative synthesis to organize and group the different factors associated with late breast cancer detection. Result: After reviewing 583 publications, 6 studies were selected, highlighting factors such as lack of awareness, knowledge gaps, difficulties in accessing health services and financial constraints associated with late breast cancer screening. The participants, who ranged in number from 20 to 1776, were mainly aged between 18 and 25, with a mean age of 25 years and 6 months. Conclusion: The analysis enabled us to identify various factors associated with late breast cancer screening. Collaboration between health professionals, community organizations and policy-makers is essential to foster an environment conducive to the prevention and early detection of breast cancer.

Women Breast Cancer: Knowledge, Attitudes, Practices and Factors Associated with Early Screening in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin in 2018

Background: Breast cancer is the dominant cancer in women in both developed and developing countries. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes, practices and factors associated with early breast cancer screening among women in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi in Benin. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study with prospective data collection from October 1 to 8, 2018, involving 1740 women in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi, aged 18 years or older and selected by WHO four-stage random cluster sampling. Consenting women who were mentally competent, 18 years of age or older at the time of the survey, and residing continuously in the Municipality of Abomey-Calavi for the last six months prior to the survey were included. On the other hand, women who belonged to a breast cancer prevention service, women in whom secondary screening was noted, or non-consenting women were not included. The initial minimum size was estimated by the Schwartz formula with a cluster effect of k = 2. Information was collected by questionnaire survey, entered with Epidata 3.1. Fr and analyzed with R Studio 3.5.1. software. Results: The mean age of the women surveyed was 32.0 ± 11.5 years with a range of 18 and 71 years. Regarding knowledge, the clinical manifestation known by the majority of women was the presence of a nodule (68.50%). In the series, 1308 (75.17%) declared having heard about breast cancer once before, either on the radio, television or from friends and 726 (55.50%) had heard about breast cancer screening. Five hundred and twelve (70.52%) of the 726 who had heard of breast cancer said they knew that breast cancer could be screened earlier. Breast self-examination was the most cited screening method (67.58%). The disease is of natural origin according to 37.84% of them. Regarding attitudes and practices, the prevalence of early breast cancer screening was 12.93%, of which 11.67% declared that they had checked themselves to know whether they were carriers of the disease or not. The main means of the early screening used was breast self-examination (85.78%). Factors associated with early breast cancer screening found in multivariate analysis were age (≤50 years), education level (increasingly higher), marital status (married/coupled), place of residence (downtown), and socioeconomic level (average/high). Conclusion: The frequency of early breast cancer screening among women is still low in the municipality of Abomey-Calavi, although they have a good knowledge of the disease. This raises the need to strengthen awareness of early breast cancer screening.

Incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity and utility of the national screening criteria in a tertiary center in Iran

AIM: To determine the incidence and risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP) and the sensitivity of current screening criteria in a tertiary eye center in Tehran, Iran. METHODS: In a cross-sectional observational study, neonates weighing ≤2000 grams at birth or born <34 wk gestational age(GA) and all other infants at risk of ROP admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) or referred to our ROP clinic were investigated. The incidence of ROP and severe ROP(i.e. patients needing treatment) were determined. The associations between risk factors and the development and severity of ROP were assessed. We also examined the sensitivity of the current national screening guideline in Iran. RESULTS: Among 207 infants, the incidence of ROP and severe ROP was 33.3% and 11.1%, respectively. Mean GA and birth weight(BW) were significantly lower in ROP vs non-ROP infants(29±2 wk vs 33±3 wk, P<0.001;1274±489 g vs 1916±550 g, P<0.001, respectively). Univariate analysis displayed significant association between ROP incidence and GA, BW, NICU admission period, blood transfusion, surfactant usage, sepsis, intraventricular hemorrhage and patent ductus arteriosus(P<0.05 for all). BW [relative risk(RR): 0.857(0.711-0.873), P<0.001], GA [RR: 0.788(0.711-0.873), P<0.001] and blood transfusion [RR: 1.888(0.995-3.583), P=0.052] were independent ROP risk factors. The sensitivity of country-specific screening guidelines was 95.7% and 100% for overall and severe ROP detection, respectively. CONCLUSION: ROP incidence is relatively high in Iran. Identifying ROP risk factors results in more accurate screening and reduces the risk of irreversible vision loss. The ROP screening criteria utilized in Iran are efficient at the present time.

Analysis on Nutritional Risk Screening and Influencing Factors of Hospitalized Patients in Central Urban Area

Rational nutritional support shall be based on nutritional screening and nutritional assessment. This study is aimed to explore nutritional risk screening and its influencing factors of hospitalized patients in central urban area. It is helpful for the early detection of problems in nutritional supports, nutrition management and the implementation of intervention measures, which will contribute a lot to improving the patient＇s poor clinical outcome. A total of three tertiary medical institutions were enrolled in this study. From October 2015 to June 2016, 1202 hospitalized patients aged ≥18 years were enrolled in Nutrition Risk Screening 2002（NRS2002） for nutritional risk screening, including 8 cases who refused to participate, 5 cases of same-day surgery and 5 cases of coma. A single-factor chi-square test was performed on 312 patients with nutritional risk and 872 hospitalized patients without nutritional risk. Logistic regression analysis was performed with univariate analysis（P〈0.05）, to investigate the incidence of nutritional risk and influencing factors. The incidence of nutritional risk was 26.35% in the inpatients, 25.90% in male and 26.84% in female, respectively. The single-factor analysis showed that the age ≥60, sleeping disorder, fasting, intraoperative bleeding, the surgery in recent month, digestive diseases, metabolic diseases and endocrine system diseases had significant effects on nutritional risk（P〈0.05）. Having considered the above-mentioned factors as independent variables and nutritional risk（Y=1, N=0） as dependent variable, logistic regression analysis revealed that the age ≥60, fasting, sleeping disorders, the surgery in recent month and digestive diseases are hazardous factors for nutritional risk. Nutritional risk exists in hospitalized patients in central urban areas. Nutritional risk screening should be conducted for inpatients. Nutritional intervention programs should be formulated in consideration of those influencing factors, which enable to reduce the nutritional risk and to promote the rehabilitation of inpatients.

Screening influencing factors of blood stasis constitution in traditional Chinese medicine

Objective To study the influencing factors of blood stasis constitution and provide a basis for treating blood stasis-related diseases by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitution identification.Methods Data were collected using the self-developed TCM constitution identification platform based on B/S model by the project team. The obtained data were divided into blood stasis constitution and normal constitution groups. The differences of the categorical type influencing factors(gender, birth mode, feeding mode within four months of birth, family history, marital status, eating habits, sleeping habits, exercise habits, emotional state, stress situation, and living environment) and the quantitative type influencing factors(sleep time, age,and mother’s age at birth) on the constitution of the two groups were analyzed. In the singlefactor analysis, the Pearson’s chi-square test was selected for the categorical variable, and the independent sample t test and Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test were selected for the quantitative variables according to whether they conformed to the positive-terrestrial distribution;the binary logistic stepwise regression method was selected for the multi-factor analysis.Results The data of 318 cases were collected from the TCM composition identification platform, and 159 cases of blood stasis constitution were used as the experimental group and 159 cases of normal constitution were used as the control group. The Pearson’s chi-square test yielded significant differences(P < 0.05) in the effects of gender, pressure situation, family history, living environment, emotional state, exercise habits, and dietary habits on blood stasis constitution. The independent samples t test yielded differences in sleep duration between the blood stasis constitution and normal constitution populations(P < 0.05), which meant sleep duration of the blood stasis constitution population was less than that of the normal constitution population. The Mann-Whitney U nonparametric test results accepted the original hypothesis that there was no difference in the distribution of age and mother’s age at birth across constitution types(P > 0.05). Binary logistic regression analysis showed that gender, family history, marital status, living environment, exercise habits, and emotional state were risk factors for blood stasis constitution(P < 0.05).Conclusion Gender, family history, living environment, emotional state, and exercise habits were significant influencing factors of blood stasis constitution. Blood stasis constitution populations can pay more attention to these influencing factors in their daily life for the prevention and reconciliation of blood stasis constitution.

Population-based epidemiology,risk factors and screening of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm patients

Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm(IPMN) was first recognized in the 1980s with increasing publications over the last decade as the incidence increased sharply,especially at tertiary-care referral centers.Populationbased studies have estimated the age and sex-adjusted cumulative incidence of IPMN to be 2.04 per 100 000 person-years(95% conf idence interval:1.28-2.80).It is now understood that IPMN can be classified anywhere along the spectrum of the adenoma to carcinoma sequence and often harbors mutations in genes such as KRAS early in the disease process.Many patients are diagnosed incidentally after imaging of the abdomen for other diagnostic purposes.Patients that present with a history of symptoms such as pancreatitis and abdominal pain are at high risk of harboring a malignancy.Clini-copathologic features such as involvement of the main pancreatic duct,presence of mural nodules,and side branch disease > 3.0 cm in size may indicate that there is an underlying invasive component to the IPMN.In addition,the incidence of extra-pancreatic neoplasms is higher in patients with IPMN,with reported rates of 25% to 50%.There are no current screening recommendations to detect and diagnose IPMN but once the diagnosis is made,screening for extrapancreatic neoplasms such as colon polyps and colorectal cancer should be considered.Surgical resection is the recommend treatment for patients with high-risk features while close observation can be offered to patients without worrisome signs and symptoms of carcinoma.

Community-Based Cardiovascular Screening: Detection of Disease in Individuals with No Self-Reported Risk Factors

Introduction: Community-based cardiovascular screening presents an opportunity to detect the presence of cardiovascular disease in individuals who report having no traditional risk factors, and also to identify the presence of those risk factors in those who are unaware of their health status. Identification of both disease and risk factors (e.g. high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, etc.) creates an opportunity for treatment and management to reduce and prevent cardiovascular events from occurring. Methods: Over 230,000 screening records for individuals who had undergone carotid artery stenosis (CAD), abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), or peripheral artery disease (PAD) screening were reviewed. Participants were stratified based on self-reported risk factors as having no risk factors, one risk factor, or two or more risk factors. Self-reported risk factors were also compared with results of screening for blood pressure, blood glucose, and lipid level status. Results: Abnormal findings of CAS, AAA, and PAD were all uncovered in individuals who self-reported as having no traditional risk factors. These abnormal findings included those defined as severe. The review of self-reported risk factors for accuracy demonstrated varying levels of inaccuracies in both under and over-reporting of risk factors. Conclusions: Community-based cardiovascular screening may result in the identification of cardiovascular disease in individuals with no established risk factors. While the underreporting of risk factors has also be demonstrated, it is clear that further research is warranted to better understand the presence of disease in the absence of risk factors.

Large Population Screening Identified the Main Risk Factors of Stroke in Shashi District of Jingzhou City

Objective: This paper aims to screen and analyze the current status of high-risk stroke patients in Shashi District of Jingzhou City and the exposure levels of related risk factors, and provides suggestions as the references for prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods: Using cluster sampling, on-site investigations were conducted on 1060 permanent residents aged 40 years and over at 3 townships and 2 communities in Shashi District of Jingzhou City from January 2018 to December 2018. Risk assessment of stroke is based on the stroke risk screening form. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 22.0 software. Results: After making a stroke risk assessment, a total of 313 high-risk stroke patients were screened, and the detection rate was 29.53%. The exposure rate of risk factors from high to low was hypertension (70.93%), dyslipidemia (46.33%), less physical exercise (46.01%), diabetes (36.10%), overweight (33.55%), smoking (33.23%), family history of stroke (24.92%), atrial fibrillation or valvular heart disease (7.35%). There are statistically significant differences among all risk factors between the high-risk group and middle and low-risk groups (P Conclusion: The detection rate of high-risk stroke patients in Shashi District of Jingzhou City is high. Hypertension, dyslipidemia and less physical exercise are the main risk factors of stroke occurrence and recurrence in the region. The prevention and treatment of risk factors for stroke should be strengthened to control the incidence and recurrence rate of stroke.

The Development of Time-of-flight Mass Spectrometry( TOF-MS) and Its Applications in Screening Food Hazard Factors

The time-of-flight mass spectrometry(TOF-MS),one of the mass spectrometry techniques,has been widely applied in the field of rapid screening of food hazard factors as a superior analysis technique because of its wide mass range,high resolution and mass measurement accuracy,high sensitivity and high analysis speed.In this paper,research progresses of TOF-MS on the detection of food additives,food contaminants and residues,illegal additives,pesticide residues,veterinary drug residues and mycotoxin were reviewed,and its probable approaching applications were prospected.

郑州市肺癌早期筛查患病风险横断面研究

目的分析参加肺癌早期筛查者风险及相关影响因素,并根据生存情况研究预后因素,以期最终为肺癌防治提供基线数据。方法采取整群抽样的方法,选取2020年郑州市10区6县40~75岁郑州市户籍居民为筛查对象,通过自愿参加并填写评估问卷,评估出肺癌高危人群,再对高危人群行复筛三项(肿瘤标志物、低剂量螺旋CT及肺功能)检查。最后采取主动加被动随访方式收集确诊肺癌患者信息。对筛查的数据进行统计描述,表述不同特征人群流行病学结果;采用多因素logistic回归方法进行统计分析,比较不同因素各项结果差异。结果2020年郑州市肺癌早期筛查完成评估50128例,完成率100.26%,调查平均年龄(59.86±17.67)岁,男女比例为0.81∶1。其中高危检出率为30.15%。多因素logistic回归分析显示:男性(吸烟)(OR=5.43,95%CI:5.20~5.67)、有烟草接触史(OR=3.82,95%CI:3.67~3.98)、一级亲属曾患肺癌(OR=12.06,95%CI:11.02~13.20)等人群更易患肺癌(均P<0.05)。结论男性(吸烟)、接触二手烟、一级亲属患癌、曾经确诊其他肿瘤、肺部感染症状、“日常生活中出现胸闷,气促,呼吸困难”、“近3年内曾经受较大的精神创伤”因素是肺癌高危的独立危险因素,应重点关注并加以有效干预措施。

超声科医师对胎儿闭合性脊柱裂诊断标准的掌握现状及影响因素分析

目的探讨从事产前超声检查的超声科医师对胎儿闭合性脊柱裂诊断标准的掌握情况。方法2021年3月至2022年3月,在从事中孕期系统超声筛查工作的超声科医师中,发放关于胎儿闭合性脊柱裂产前筛查的调查问卷260份。初次问卷结束后,每周发放闭合性脊柱裂产前诊断及预后的相关资料,3个月后再次评估调查对象的掌握情况。统计学分析采用χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归分析。结果回收有效问卷237份,回收率91.2%(237/260)。单因素分析结果显示,年龄较大、从业年限较长、学历较高、有培训经历、检出过胎儿脊柱裂的超声科医师,对胎儿闭合性脊柱裂的掌握率较高(P值均<0.05)。二元Logistic回归模型分析结果显示,年龄、从业年限、学历、参与培训经历、检出过胎儿脊柱裂均为超声科医师掌握胎儿闭合性脊柱裂的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。相对于年龄<30岁者,30~<45岁(OR=4.351,95%CI:0.167~0.729)、≥45岁(OR=10.510,95%CI:0.225~0.823)的医师掌握程度更好;相对于从业年限<5年者,5~<10年(OR=4.624,95%CI:0.146~0.687)以及≥10年(OR=5.256,95%CI:0.224~0.895)的医师掌握程度更好;相对于本科以下学历者,本科(OR=2.424,95%CI:0.269~0.758)和本科以上(OR=5.819,95%CI:0.174~0.853)的医师掌握程度更好;相对于无培训经历者,有参与培训经历(OR=4.349,95%CI:0.294~0.801)的医师掌握程度更好;相对于未检出过胎儿脊柱裂者,检出过胎儿脊柱裂(OR=3.404,95%CI:0.182~0.836)的医师掌握程度更好。初次问卷调查中,超声科医师对闭合性脊柱裂的超声诊断标准掌握率为32.1%(76/237);培训3个月后,掌握率提高至88.6%(210/237)(χ^(2)=158.294,P<0.001)。结论从事产前超声检查工作的部分超声科医师未掌握胎儿闭合性脊柱裂的诊断标准,应加强专业培训和宣传推广。

基于大数据挖掘下多重耐药菌风险评估的研究价值

目的 基于大数据构建多重耐药菌感染的风险预测模型,并对其应用价值进行评估。方法 收集2018年1月至2022年12月于新疆医科大学第五附属医院诊治的405例患者,根据是否发生多重耐药菌(multidrug-resistant organisms,MDRO)感染分为非MDRO组(n=324)和MDRO组(n=81),比较并分析各指标与MDRO发生风险的相关性。构建大数据风险预测模型,分析各指标重要性,验证其准确性。结果 MDRO组合并糖尿病、原发肺部感染的患者比例,机械通气、广谱抗菌药物使用时间及降钙素原水平显著高于非MDRO组,而血红蛋白、白蛋白水平显著低于非MDRO组(均P <0.05);相关性分析显示,合并糖尿病、原发肺部感染等因素与MDRO风险的相关性较高,且合并糖尿病与原发肺部感染及联合使用抗生素等指标间相关性较高;大数据模型示抗生素使用时间、吞咽功能障碍等因素重要性较高,而血红蛋白及白蛋白重要性较低;大数据模型预测MDRO发生风险的AUC显著高于Logistic回归模型(Z=2.415,P=0.016),两种预测模型的训练集预测准确率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);但测试集大数据模型预测准确率、敏感度及特异度均显著高于Logistic回归模型(χ^(2)=9.062,5.385,4.267;均P<0.05)。结论 合并糖尿病、原发肺部感染及联合使用抗生素等因素与MDRO发生风险具有一定相关性,基于MDRO危险因素指标的大数据模型对MDRO发生风险具有较高预测价值。

门诊HIV阳性妇女宫颈癌筛查行为影响因素分析

目的:探讨艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性妇女宫颈癌(CC)筛查行为有关影响因素。方法:选取2019年1月-2021年1月本市艾滋病门诊接收的HIV阳性妇女236名为研究对象,调查妇女一般资料、健康素养、既往CC筛查情况,采用单因素分析探讨HIV阳性妇女CC筛查行为的相关因素,logistic多因素回归分析确定独立影响因素。结果:本次共发放问卷236份,回收有效问卷218份,有效回收率92.4%。218名HIV阳性妇女中既往3年内参加过CC筛查64名(29.4%),未参加过CC筛查154名(70.6%)。单因素分析可知,婚姻状况、受教育程度、家庭人均月收入、坚持使用安全套、诊断HIV阳性后持续时间、对CC认知程度、医务人员进行了CC筛查宣教、慢性病患者健康素养量表(HeLMS)评分均可能与HIV阳性妇女CC筛查行为有关(P<0.2);logistic多因素回归分析发现,受教育程度高(OR=0.721、95%CI0.574~0.906)、家庭人均月收入高(OR=0.690、95%CI0.528~0.903)、诊断HIV阳性后持续时间长(OR=0.675、95%CI0.512~0.891)、对CC认知程度高(OR=0.619、95%CI0.446~0.860)、医务人员进行了CC筛查宣教(OR=0.518、95%CI0.317~0.847)、HeLMS评分高(OR=0.774、95%CI0.679~0.882)均为HIV阳性妇女CC筛查行为的独立保护因素(均P<0.05)。结论:HIV阳性妇女宫颈癌筛查行为与其受教育程度、家庭收入、诊断HIV阳性后持续时间、对CC认知程度、医务人员进行CC筛查宣教、健康素养有关,提示有关部门应采取有效方式展开健康教育,提高CC疾病及筛查认知水平,提升健康素养,促使HIV阳性妇女积极参与CC筛查。

备孕女性HPV筛查及其疫苗接种状况调查

目的:调查备孕女性人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况并分析HPV疫苗接种影响因素。方法:收集2022年1月-2023年1月本院健康检查的211例备孕女性宫颈样本,采用聚合酶链式反应-反向点杂交法进行HPV感染亚型分型,通过问卷调查备孕女性HPV疫苗接种情况,分析影响备孕女性HPV疫苗接种影响因素。结果:备孕女性HPV感染率为22.7%,其中高危型HPV感染率为81.25%,主要HPV感染亚型为HPV52(18.8%)、HPV16(10.4%)。HPV单一型感染率为20.6%,多重感染率为14.6%。211例HPV疫苗接种率为14.7%,文化水平低、不知道HPV疫苗是影响备孕女性HPV疫苗接种的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:本次调查的备孕女性HPV感染率为22.7%,以HPV52、HPV16为主要感染亚型;HPV疫苗接种率较低,应加强对备孕女性相关知识宣传,提高HPV疫苗接种率。

物料冲击对椭圆振动筛筛分性能的动态影响

为了研究物料冲击对振动筛动态特性的影响,加工了某型三轴椭圆振动筛样机。首先,建立简化后的筛机模型,采用离散元法与多体动力学相结合的方法对椭圆振动筛的筛分过程进行数值模拟;其次,引入有限元法对物料冲击下的筛面进行分析,以筛分效率、物料运输速度、筛上物质量和最大冲击力为筛分性能的评价指标;最后,通过试验对其不同工况下的结构振动和应变信号进行了测试和分析,研究了振幅、振频、筛面倾角以及入料速度对筛分性能的影响,揭示了常规筛机评价指标与振动参数之间的关系,为多目标评价和振动筛机优化设计提供了参考。

成都地区汉族男性腹主动脉瘤的筛查及高危因素分析

目的探讨成都地区汉族男性腹主动脉瘤(AAA)患病率并分析危险因素。方法2014—2022年对成都市双流区24个敬老院和四川大学华西医院体检中心≥65岁的男性居民进行普查。筛查项目包括一般情况、合并症、生活习惯和超声指标。计算患病率。通过单因素及logistic逐步回归分析探索AAA发病的危险因素。结果共7132人纳入筛查,体检中心应答率为2518/3638(69.2%);敬老院应答率为3092/3494(88.5%)。参加筛查的人群均为男性,汉族,患病率为5.17%(290/5610)。290人患AAA为患病组,未患病者为未患病组。患病组腹痛、高血压、心血管疾病、脑血管疾病、吸烟,及饮酒高于未患病组(P<0.05)。高血压、脑血管疾病、心血管疾病、吸烟是AAA的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论超声在AAA筛查中可行;高血压、心脑血管疾病、吸烟是成都地区65岁以上男性人群AAA患病的危险因素。

基于CNN-LSTM-Attention的月生活需水预测研究

需水预测是进行水资源配置的重要部分,对于水资源合理开发利用和社会可持续发展有重要指导意义.本文以陕西省为研究区,结合大数据分析法,提出一种基于CNN-LSTM-Attention的月生活需水预测模型.首先,通过卷积神经网络(convolutional neural networks,CNN)提取数据动态变化特征,然后利用长短期记忆(long short-term memory,LSTM)网络对提取的特征进行学习训练,最后使用注意力(attention)机制分配LSTM隐含层不同权重,预测月生活需水量并对比实际数据.结果表明,CNN-LSTM-Attention模型的相对平均误差值和决定系数(R2)分别为2.54%、0.95,满足预测精度需求,相比于LSTM模型预测精度更高.进一步证明了模型预测的合理性,可为陕西省水资源规划提供指导.

寒区再生水湿地水质风险因子筛查模型的构建与应用

筛查再生水水质变异较大的风险因子,存在监测数据量大、评价指标重叠等分析困难问题。本文用多元统计方法构建再生水水质评价的风险因子筛查模型:首先将监测数据转化成无量纲的随机变量,形成协方差矩阵。由于监测数据矩阵一般不是方阵,依据统计模型原理进行矩阵奇异分解降维(SVD)结合最小二乘法拟合观察数据模型,实现了用较少变量再现监测数据的相关关系,简化了多因子系统的综合评价过程。其次,按照构建的数学模型编制了计算程序,用多个基于因子分析的SPSS计算与本模型该段计算进行对比验证,结果没有差异。由于寒区的再生水湿地水生植物冬季休眠,除污水处理厂排水外,湿地基本无其它补水,湿地生态作用降低。因此,项目组利用该程序对不同季节时段、不同位置再生水流过湿地后的监测数据进行了水质风险因子筛查,效果良好。

基于主要驱动因子筛选法和深度学习算法的浙江省动态需水量预测

收集了浙江省2000—2020年各用水行业需水量数据,采用基于Spearman秩相关分析的主要驱动因子筛选法筛选了影响各行业需水量的主要驱动因子,进而构造了改进的长短时记忆(LSTM)神经网络需水量预测模型,对各行业需水量进行动态滚动预测,并将改进LSTM模型的预测结果与传统单变量LSTM预测模型、卷积神经网络模型、支持向量回归模型的预测结果进行了对比。结果表明,基于主要驱动因子筛选法改进的LSTM模型能实时动态滚动预测各行业每年需水量,且预测结果精度高于其他3种模型。

胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为现状及影响因素的研究

目的分析胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为影响因素。方法2022年9月—2023年6月,采用自行设计的胃癌认知筛查态度和行为问卷、胃癌拓展平行过程问卷和一般资料调查表,对资阳市雁江区人民医院胃癌患者一级亲属374例进行调查,分析该人群的胃癌筛查情况,探讨胃癌筛查行为的影响因素。结果胃癌患者一级亲属374例中,有96例(25.67%)完成了胃癌筛查;收入、医疗保险、居住地、危险因素认知、感知严重性、感知易感性、感知自我效能是胃癌患者一级亲属胃癌筛查行为的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。结论胃癌患者一级亲属的胃癌危险因素认知和风险感知水平较低,感知自我效能低下,胃癌筛查率低。应重点加强对低收入、农村等人群的胃癌相关知识的健康宣传,提高胃癌患者一级亲属的认知及风险感知水平,提高自我效能水平,切实促进其参与胃癌筛查,以更有效地防治胃癌。