Preparation and property of seal coating for gas turbine compressor

Double-layer structure of seal coating which consisted of a Ni5Al bond coating and a Ni25 graphite top coating were prepared on steel substrate of gas turbine compressor cylinder block.Bond coating was prepared by atmospheric plasma spraying and top coating was prepared by flame spraying.The microstructure,mechanical properties and abradability of the coating were characterized by scanning elec-tron microscope(SEM),hardness tester,universal testing machine,thermal shock testing machine and abradability testing machine.The res-ults show that the overall spraying structure of the seal coating is uniform,the nickel metal phase is the skeleton supporting the entire coat-ing,and the coating is well bonded without separation.The seal coating has a bonding strength of not less than 7.7 MPa,excellent thermal stability,and thermal shock resistance cycle numbers at 500℃more than 50;the scratch length,deepest invasion depth and wear amount of the coating increase with rise of test temperature,with almost no coating adhesion,indicating that the seal coating has excellent abradability.

Numerical Study of Co-flow Jet Control on Corner Separation in Compressor Cascade

The design objectives of modern aircraft engines include high load capacity,efficiency,and stability.With increasing loads,the phenomenon of corner separation in compressors intensifies,affecting engine performance and stability.Therefore,the adoption of appropriate flow control technology holds significant academic and engineering significance.This study employs the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS)method to investigate the effects and mechanisms of active/passive Co-flow Jet(CFJ)control,implemented by introducing full-height and partial height jet slots between the suction surface and end wall of a compressor cascade.The results indicate that passive CFJ control significantly reduces the impact of corner separation at small incidence,with partial-height control further enhancing the effectiveness.The introduction of active CFJ enables separation control at large incidence,improving blade performance under different operating conditions.Active control achieves this by reducing the scale of corner separation vortices,effectively reducing the size of the separation region and enhancing blade performance.

Effects of process parameters on semi-solid squeeze casting performance of aluminum alloy scrolls for scroll compressors

The aluminum alloy scroll is one of the key parts of the scroll compressors widely used in the air-conditioning,refrigeration,and heat pump systems.In this work,the semi-solid squeeze casting(SSSC)process was used to fabricate the aluminum alloy scroll.The effects of process parameters including the pouring temperature,mold temperature,and squeezing velocity on the filling and solidification behaviors of the alloys were investigated through simulations based on the power law cut-off(PLCO)material model.Results show that there is a significant increase in the flow velocity of the slurry,and the area of the high-speed region enlarges with the increase of the pouring temperature.The homogeneity of the temperature and velocity fields in the slurry is improved with an increase in mold temperature.Both the filling time and its variation rate decrease with an increase in squeezing velocity.The maximum solidification time exhibits a linear variation with the increase in pouring temperature.The shrinkage area is decreased by increasing the mold temperature.The optimal process parameters of the SSSC process were obtained from simulation analysis,which are the pouring temperature of 595°C,mold temperature of 350°C,and squeezing velocity of 0.3 m·s-1.Moreover,the qualified scroll casting was fabricated using the SSSC process under the optimal process parameters.

TRIGONOMETRIC CURVE MODIFICATION OF SCROLL PROFILE AND ITS EFFECT ON PERFORMANCES OF A SCROLL COMPRESSOR

A modification of central profile with trigonometric curve is proposed based on the theory of engagement of scroll compressor. General modification equations for central profile of a pair of scrolls are given and various modification patterns are discussed. The equidistant method is employed to calculate the volume of a sealed chamber and a set of general equations is represented. Modification parameters affecting geometric and dynamic property of a scroll compressor are analyzed systematically, and the relations between them are accurately determined. The condition for transforming a trigonometric curve modification into an arc-curve modification is explained. The conclusions can also be applied to other scroll fluid machines.

基于功率流有限元法的涡旋压缩机振动特性研究

针对涡旋压缩机内部振动传递路径复杂,采用传统的传递函数法往往不能真实地描述振动产生与传递的本质问题,引入功率流有限元法从能量角度分析振动传递特性,进行涡旋压缩机内部振动产生、传递与空间分布的可视化研究。在分析涡旋压缩机的动力拓扑关系基础上建立激励源,提取与振动响应模型并进行仿真分析;利用实体试验和响应分析结果对比进行模型有效性分析;在验证后的模型上定义8个能量输出面,分析谐波与激励作用下上支撑和下支撑的振动能量传递特性,并且计算节点的功率流矢量确定振源的空间分布。结果表明,涡旋压缩机曲轴在运转到280°时,振动频率在1 000 Hz与1 890 Hz时振动能量传递率较高,上支撑能量分布均匀并集于自身,下支撑能量集中于支脚并向外传递。研究方法和研究成果对于涡旋压缩机振动分布及传递、振动控制和优化设计等方面具有一定借鉴意义。

涡旋膨胀机研究进展及展望

随着“双碳”目标的提出,涡旋膨胀机作为回收低品位能量的机械装置备受关注。首先,对近年来涡旋膨胀机的理论研究成果进行了综述,主要包括型线理论、热动力学和计算流体力学(CFD)仿真。然后,对涡旋膨胀机在有机朗肯循环(ORC)中的应用进行了总结,梳理了涡旋膨胀机在跨临界CO_(2)制冷循环中的应用研究成果。最后,对涡旋膨胀机未来的研究方向进行了展望。结果表明:变壁厚涡旋膨胀机因其可以在不增加泄漏线长度的情况下增加内容积比,因此将成为未来型线优化的主要方向;CFD仿真已成为重要的研究工具;润滑油是影响涡旋膨胀机性能的关键因素,提高润滑油的黏度有利于提升效率,而过量的润滑油则会使其性能下降;工作压力是影响涡旋膨胀机性能的最主要的因素,过膨胀、欠膨胀以及泄漏现象都会使其性能下降。此外,涡旋膨胀压缩一体机集成了膨胀机和压缩机两个功能单元于一个机壳中,显著简化了系统结构并提高了能量回收效率,是提升新能源车用CO_(2)热泵空调系统性能的有效途径。基于当前的研究成果和行业需求,提出涡旋膨胀机未来应继续深入研究和优化型线设计、减少泄漏、优化工作压力等,以满足日益增长的能量回收和环境保护需求。

Precious Scrolls of Chinese Devout Women Buddhist Followers:A Case Study of Wilt Idema’s Pitfalls of Piety for Married Women

Deeply-rooted in China’s popular culture,precious scrolls(Baojuan)are the golden material to display popular religious belief of the mass.Based on the rare texts sorted and annotated by Shang Lixin,Dutch Sinologist Wilt L.Idema continues his journey of translating precious scrolls.Focused on the theme of devoted women Buddhist followers in Ming dynasty,he explores the ethical choices of married women in facing the betrayal of servants or concubines.His translations not only add important reading material to Western readers in the field of Chinese popular literature,but also set standard for the coming translators in rendering Chinese ballads.

背压扰动平衡盘对涡旋压缩机黏性内流压力影响研究

在变转速工况下,电动涡旋压缩机背压腔中润滑油产生的背压力无法准确平衡轴向气体力。针对这一问题,提出了一种带有扰动片的背压扰动平衡盘,研究了背压扰动平衡盘对涡旋压缩机黏性内流压力的影响。首先,对背压扰动平衡盘作用原理进行了分析,使用贝塞尔曲线构建了扰动片型线,对润滑油被扰动后的静压增量进行了公式推导,计算了扰动片出口安装角和扰动片数对润滑油静压的影响;然后,建立了含背压扰动平衡盘的背压腔模型,将流体域分为旋转域和静止域,采用旋转坐标系的方法进行了数值模拟,研究了背压腔内润滑油的压力场;最后,根据理论计算,模拟了润滑油在不同出口安装角和扰动片数下的润滑油静压,对润滑油静压与压缩机所需最佳背压进行了对比分析。研究结果表明:采用背压扰动平衡盘可以使润滑油静压增加21%,且静压增量随主轴转速的增加而增大,适当增大扰动片出口安装角可使润滑油静压增加0.032 MPa;对比最佳背压可知,扰动前润滑油静压与最佳背压相差26%,而合理设计扰动片后的润滑油静压与最佳背压相差仅为9%,极大改善了电动涡旋压缩机在变转速下的轴向平衡。

基于CBAM-CNN的涡旋压缩机故障诊断

针对涡旋压缩机振动信号不平稳和噪声情况下故障振动信号弱、需要人为提取故障特征以及准确率有待进一步提高的问题,提出基于多尺度注意力机制(convolutional block attention mechanism,简称CBAM)-卷积神经网络(convolutional neural network,简称CNN)涡旋压缩机故障诊断方法。首先,通过多个不同尺度的卷积核对振动信号转化为灰度图的故障特征进行全面提取,并引入注意力机制,通过调整权重值的方式提取重要的故障特征;其次,利用降维卷积模块、深度可分离卷积模块和残差模块提取更高维度的深层次故障特征,提升网络计算效率;最后,设置舍弃率为0.5的Dropout层防止过拟合,提升了网络的鲁棒性、抗干扰能力和泛化能力。实验结果证明,该方法在无噪声和添加不同信噪比噪声的情况下,均能有效地对涡旋压缩机故障进行分类,具有更高的识别准确性和更快的收敛能力。

Hybrid URANS/LES Method of Flow Fields in Axial-flow Compressor Rotor Rotor

Accurate and efficient prediction of the aerodynamic performance and flow details of axial-flow com-pressors is of great engineering application value for the aerodynamic design and flow control of axial-flow compres-sors.In this work,a delayed detached eddy simulation method is developed and applied to numerically simulate the tur-bulent channel flow and the aerodynamic performance of NASA Rotor 35.Several acceleration techniques including parallel implementation are also used to speed up the iteration convergence.The mean velocity distribution and Reyn-olds stress distribution in the boundary layer of turbulent channel flow and the aerodynamic performance curve of NASA Rotor 35 are predicted.The good agreement between the present delayed detached eddy simulation results and the available direct numerical simulation results or experimental data confirms the effectiveness of the developed meth-od in the accurate and efficient prediction of complex flow in turbomachinery.

基于湍流理论的涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏研究

针对涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏控制问题,定量计算轴向间隙泄漏,为了更加接近工程实际,在考虑转速、温度、气体粘度等因素基础上,基于湍流理论,建立了完整的涡旋压缩机间隙泄漏量理论计算模型。分析了影响轴向间隙泄漏的关键参数,便于通过优化参数以达到控制间隙泄漏的目的,同时为了验证理论计算模型的可靠性,搭建模拟涡旋压缩机试验测试平台,测试了定转速不同间隙和定间隙不同转速下的泄漏量值,并与理论计算结果相比较。结果表明:涡旋压缩机高低压腔压力差与泄漏量成正比,当主轴转速不变,间隙为0.020 mm时,测试值与计算结果拟合较好,并且随着压差增大,泄漏量逐渐减小,说明通过增大压差可以降低间隙泄漏量;当间隙不变时,主轴转速越高,间隙泄漏量越小,当转速大于3500 r/min时,实测值与计算值开始啮合,并且转速越高,啮合度越高。说明基于湍流模型所建立的泄漏量计算模型可靠。通过定量准确计算轴向间隙泄漏量,为降低涡旋压缩机泄漏提供理论依据,也为涡旋压缩机推广应用提供帮助。

基于范诺流理论的变截面涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏研究

为了定量研究变截面涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏,基于范诺流理论,考虑其主轴转速、介质粘度和摩擦等因素,探索建立变截面涡旋压缩机轴向间隙泄漏量计算模型,根据模型分析影响泄漏的主要参数,以便利用控制关键参数来降低轴向间隙泄漏。通过搭建涡旋压缩机试验平台,测定涡旋压缩机工作腔在实际工况下,不同间隙同一主轴转速和同一间隙不同主轴转速下泄漏量的实测值。结果分析表明:压差大小与泄漏量成正比,当主轴转速一定,间隙为0.02 mm时,实测值与理论值拟合较好,并且随着压差增大,泄漏变化较小;主轴转速越高,间隙泄漏量越小,当间隙一定,转速为3000 r/min时,实测值与理论值拟合较好,并且转速越高,泄漏量越大。通过理论计算与实际测量结果对比分析,所建立的泄漏量计算模型准确可靠。此模型的建立为深入研究和控制轴向间隙泄漏奠定基础,也为推广涡旋压缩机在大功率领域的应用提供理论基础。

基于WP-ICA分析的涡旋压缩机故障特征提取方法研究

针对涡旋压缩机故障特征难以提取以及在小样本下故障类别难以区分的问题,提出了一种基于小波包能量谱与独立成分分析相结合的故障特征提取方法,结合支持向量机建立故障分类模型,实现非平稳信号的准确识别。首先对信号进行小波包分解与重构,通过重构系数获取分解后不同频带所对应的小波包能量作为故障特征值;再利用独立成分分析法对故障特征值进行优化得到特征向量值;最后构造支持向量机,输入故障特征向量进行训练和测试,可得出涡旋压缩机故障诊断的准确率。实验和仿真分析结果验证了该方法的有效性,其诊断准确率可达94.5%。

解决农产品配送“断链”的光伏冷链小车设计

在现有普通农用电动货运三轮车的基础上,通过增加1.3m^(3)保温车厢、600Wp太阳能电池板、4块12V100Ah蓄电池、110W直流压缩机等设备,先计算车厢从35℃降至-10℃所需要的冷量,再综合验证组件与蓄电池满足小车一天的制冷与行驶需求。通过精确的系统匹配及智能温度控制,改造成太阳能智能冷链物流小车,很好的解决了现在冷链物流配送中“最后一公里”空缺的问题,经过测试达到设计要求。本车可直接开到田间地头,有方便快捷、耐用、不付电费、造价低等优势,是现代农业物流冷链运输必不可少的中转设备,实现了农村鲜活农产品采摘−物流中心−用户的无缝对接。

多级压缩机气阀寿命评估与极限含水量预测

针对目前油田天然气回注具有介质含水多、压力高且变化范围宽等特点,多级往复式压缩机容易产生水击破坏,如何预测极限含水量以有效防止水击是亟需解决的关键问题。采用计算流体力学方法,数值模拟并分析了多级压缩机注入湿气条件下各级气阀阀片的动力学特性,得到了不同天然气含水量的气阀阀片载荷分布。进一步结合nCode计算疲劳,预测了多级压缩机气阀服役寿命与极限含水量。JGC-4型压缩机模拟计算结果表明:随着进气含水量增大,压缩机排气压力提高,气缸内不断析出水滴,致使水击产生,且对高压级影响更为显著,压缩机整机进气含水体积分数上限为0.43%。研究结果可为多级往复式压缩机的应用提供技术支撑。

涡轮压缩膨胀机的设计与性能分析

随着人们环境保护意识的加强,天然工质制冷剂重新受到研究人员的关注。空气是一种安全且对环境绝对友好的天然制冷剂,未来,压缩空气制冷循环有望成为传统蒸气压缩制冷循环的潜在替代品。压缩膨胀机作为压缩空气制冷的核心部件,其工作效率对机组性能有直接影响。为了设计出能够配合膨胀机高效工作的离心压缩机,需要对传统的设计方法进行一些修正。本文将质量、动量、能量守恒与射流尾迹区理论相结合,并将传统的离心压缩机相关参数推广到较低压力的范围中,提出了一种与现有的涡轮膨胀机相匹配的离心压缩机几何参数的设计方法。使用该方法为现有的膨胀机设计了对应的离心压缩机,并利用其他学者分析过的离心压缩机模型对该方法进行验证,利用计算流体力学方法(CFD)对压缩膨胀机变工况下的工作性能及对膨胀功的利用率进行模拟分析。按本方法设计的离心压缩机在设计工况下能够以高于92%的效率利用膨胀机的输出功。在变工况条件下能够以高于88%的效率利用膨胀机的输出功,并且在设计质量流量附近能够顺利运行。

涡旋压缩机径向柔性机构动力学仿真分析

以偏心滑块式径向柔性机构为研究对象,从机构学角度对机构的避让功能进行分析,确定了机构限位范围;利用ADAMS软件对柔性机构转子系统的动态特性进行了仿真分析,得到动涡旋质心的运动轨迹,确定机构限位参数对动涡盘质心运动规律之间的关系,优化主轴承受力,为空调涡旋压缩机的振动分析和性能提升奠定基础。

涡旋压缩机平衡铁结构对阻力矩的影响研究

针对涡旋压缩机平衡铁随主轴旋转时产生的阻力损失问题,提出了圆角结构及机翼型结构平衡铁。运用Fluent有限元分析软件,结合滑移网格技术对平衡铁工作区域模拟,研究了3种不同结构平衡铁所受的压差阻力矩和摩擦阻力矩,对比分析了不同结构产生的阻力矩大小。结果表明:压差阻力矩占总阻力矩的90%以上,总阻力矩随转速的增大而增大;相对于样机平衡铁,前后端面为圆角的平衡铁总阻力矩减小了30%~50%之间;机翼型平衡铁总阻力矩减小了55%~65%之间。

汽车空调涡旋压缩机排气孔优化研究

针对汽车空调涡旋压缩机排气孔处气体流动变化产生的流动损失问题,对排气孔结构进行优化,以期降低流动损失并提高排气压力。通过三维动网格模型对不同排气孔结构的涡旋压缩机排气过程进行瞬态仿真,发现腰果形排气孔更大的截面积使其拥有更好的开启特性,可有效降低排气损失,提高排气稳定性。在对腰果形排气孔采取进一步扩压式优化后,发现其可以更加有效地降低排气速度并提高排气压力。

考虑叶片造型的压气机流动稳定性模型研究进展

压气机实际稳定裕度是否达到指标直接决定了发动机是否可以投入使用.目前的压气机气动设计体系中缺乏一种高效、准确的评估失稳边界的工具,导致在设计定型后依然存在实际稳定裕度不足的风险.因此迫切需要发展快速可靠的压气机稳定性预测工具以供设计阶段使用.现代航空压气机叶片的气动设计朝着三维精细化方向发展,如何在设计阶段考虑叶片三维造型的变化对稳定性的影响愈发关键.传统的激盘/半激盘模型难以精细捕捉到三维叶片造型对流动稳定性的影响,而非定常数值模拟方法对计算资源的消耗在压气机设计阶段难以承受.为了在精细考虑叶片造型影响的同时提高计算效率,为气动设计阶段提供稳定性评估工具,本团队首先在2013年提出了叶轮机流动稳定性通用理论,通过分布式叶片力源项建模考虑复杂叶片造型的影响,通过系统特征值描述流动稳定性.继而针对不同的预测目标和应用条件,发展了3种简化模型:子午面模型、流线模型和径向展开模型.其中子午面模型能够准确刻画叶尖间隙、叶片掠和叶片加载方式等关键设计参数对流动稳定性的影响,为设计阶段提供了一种可靠的失稳边界预测工具;流线模型可以快速评估展向各条流线系统的流动稳定性,并定量地给出流动稳定性最为薄弱的区域,从而有针对性地指导叶片扩稳设计;径向展开模型可以快速地预测离心压气机的流动失稳点,定量评估离心压气机流动稳定性.以上模型可以应用于压气机气动设计体系,为设计定型的压气机提供了可靠的稳定性评估方法,为压气机气动/稳定性一体化设计提供了技术储备.