Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of flavonoids from the stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SSFs) against Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>-induced oligodendrocytes (OL) damage. ...Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of flavonoids from the stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SSFs) against Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>-induced oligodendrocytes (OL) damage. Methods: Immunofluorescence was used for the detection of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a characteristic protein of rat oligodendrocytes (OLN-93 cells). To evaluate the potential protective effects of SSFs on OLN-93 cells injured by Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>, an injury model was established by subjecting OLN-93 cells to Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> exposed. Cell morphology was examined using an inverted microscope, while cell viability was assessed using the colorimetric method of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured using the pyruvic acid reduction assay. The Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) injection was used as a positive control. Results: A total of >95% of the MAG immunofluorescence-positive cells were identified as oligodendrocytes. Gradually increasing concentrations of SSFs impaired the cells, and the maximum nondetrimental dose for OLN-93 cells was 75 mg/L. This study assessed the effects of SSFs on OLN-93 cells damaged by Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>. The results indicated that SSFs significantly improved OLN-93 cell morphological abnormal changes, increased the OLN-93 cell survival rate, and reduced LDH release. Conclusion: SSFs can alleviate Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>-induced damage of OL.展开更多
Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and heal...Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and health issues.We investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG)and Magnolia officinalis(MO).On mycelial growth,sporangium formation,and zoospore release of P.nicotianae.Both extracts inhibited the growth of P.nicotianae,with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 88.92%and 93.92%,respectively,at 40 mg/mL,and EC50 values of 5.39 and 5.74 mg/mL,respectively.The underlying mechanisms were the inhibition of sporangium formation,the reduction of zoospore number,and the destruction of the mycelium structure.At an SBG extract concentration of 16.17 mg/mL,the inhibition rates for sporangia and zoospores were 98.66%and 99.39%,respectively.At an MO extract concentration of 2.87 mg/mL,the production of sporangia and zoospores was completely inhibited.The hyphae treated with the two plant extracts showed different degrees of deformation and damage.Hyphae treated with SBG extract showed adhesion and local swelling,whereas treatment with MO extract resulted in broken hyphae.Mixture of the extracts resulted in a good synergistic effect.展开更多
By analyzing the key factors affecting the authenticity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,this paper focuses on summarizing the research progress of environmental factors(light,temperature,water content,soil),genetic ...By analyzing the key factors affecting the authenticity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,this paper focuses on summarizing the research progress of environmental factors(light,temperature,water content,soil),genetic factors and other factors,in order to ensure the quality of S.baicalensis Georgi,find potential suitable areas of S.baicalensis Georgi,and further promote the sustainable development of Chinese medicine resources.展开更多
Flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, an antioxidant, markedly improve memory impairments and neuronal injuries. In the present study, primary cortical neurons of rats were exposed to...Flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, an antioxidant, markedly improve memory impairments and neuronal injuries. In the present study, primary cortical neurons of rats were exposed to potassium cyanide to establish a model of in vitro neural cell apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis by flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baical- ensis Georgi at concentrations of 18.98, 37.36, and 75.92 gg/mL was detected using this model. These flavonoids dramatically increased cell survival, inhibited cell apoptosis and excessive pro- duction of malondialdehyde, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and Na＋-K＊-ATPase in primary cortical neurons exposed to potassium cyanide. The flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were originally found to have a polyhydric structure and to protect against cerebral hypoxia in in vitro and in vivo models, including hypoxia induced by potassium cyanide or cerebral ischemia. The present study suggests that flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi exert neuroprotective effects via modulation of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and Na＋-K＋-ATPase disorders induced by potassium cyanide.展开更多
Based on previous studies that have shown flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are neuroprotective agents in a naturally senile, D-galactose, aging in vivo model, as well as an in vit...Based on previous studies that have shown flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are neuroprotective agents in a naturally senile, D-galactose, aging in vivo model, as well as an in vitro model of oxidative/hypoxic injury, we established a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The light/electron microscopic observations found significant neuropathological changes including neuron loss or swelling and rough endoplasmic reticulum injury. Moreover, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase Na＋-K＋-ATPase, Ca2＋-ATPase and superoxide dismutase were significantly lowered, and the levels of malonaldehyde increased. In addition, the memory of rats worsened. However, treatment with flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi （35, 70 and 140 mg/kg） for 13 days dramatically improved the above abnormal changes. These results suggest that the ability of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in attenuating cerebral functional and morphological consequences after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion may be beneficial for the treatment of ischemic brain disease.展开更多
The discovery of highly effective medicine"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for COVID-19 is a new era gift of traditional Chinese medicine to the world.The traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,...The discovery of highly effective medicine"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for COVID-19 is a new era gift of traditional Chinese medicine to the world.The traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,as a medicinal plant in the family of Labiatae,is the dominant variety of genuine medicinal material in North China.It is the leading traditional Chinese medicine in the advantageous area of agricultural products with Chinese characteristics in Shangdang of Changzhi City,and it is one of the 21 herbal medicines in the new national prescription"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for the rapid and effective treatment of COVID-19.This paper introduces S.baicalensis Georgi and its traditional Chinese medicine GAP base,ecologically suitable planting county and medicinal value in poor areas,and studies the intellectual property resources related to S.baicalensis Georgi,such as traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,patents,new plant varieties,geographical indications,and trademarks.This paper mainly discusses the inheritance essence,innovation and high-quality development strategy of S.baicalensis Georgi under the rural revitalization strategy and traditional Chinese medicine development strategy from the aspects of intellectual property rights,important agricultural cultural heritage,advantageous areas of characteristic agricultural products and so on.展开更多
A new flavone, 6, 2-dihydroxy-5, 7, 8, 6-tetramethoxyflavone, was isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis. Its structure was established on the basis of spectral evidences.
Primary cultures of rat cortical neurons were treated with H2O2 in an in vitro model of free radical neurotoxicity. Flavonoids extracted from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, known as SSF, at co...Primary cultures of rat cortical neurons were treated with H2O2 in an in vitro model of free radical neurotoxicity. Flavonoids extracted from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, known as SSF, at concentrations of 18.98, 37.36 and 75.92 μg/mL, protected neurons against H2O2 injury in a dose-dependent manner. SSF increased cell survival, reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and inhibited malondialdehyde production. SSF also inhibited reductions in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and Na＋-K＋-ATPase activities. These results in-dicate that SSF can protect rat cortical neurons against H2O2-induced oxidative injury.展开更多
In the production process of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,how to improve the quality of cultivated S.baicalensis is the focus of current research.By consulting a large number of relevant literatures of S.baicalensis...In the production process of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,how to improve the quality of cultivated S.baicalensis is the focus of current research.By consulting a large number of relevant literatures of S.baicalensis,combined with the research and production experience of the research group in recent years,the factors affecting the quality of cultivated S.baicalensis were analyzed to provide a certain basis for its rational development,utilization and protection in the future.展开更多
The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,also called Huangqin,is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine.In ancient China,S.baicalensis root was used to clear heat,protect the fetus,and avoid a miscarriage f...The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,also called Huangqin,is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine.In ancient China,S.baicalensis root was used to clear heat,protect the fetus,and avoid a miscarriage for thousands of years.In modern times,pregnancy-related diseases can seriously affect maternal and fetal health,but few systematic studies have explored the mechanisms and potential targets of S.baicalensis root in the treatment of pregnancy-related diseases.Flavonoids(baicalein,wogonin and oroxylin A)and flavonoid glycosides(baicalin and wogonoside)are the main chemical components in the root of S.baicalensis.This study presents the current understanding of the major chemical components in the root of S.baicalensis,focusing on their traditional uses,potential therapeutic effects and ethnopharmacological relevance to pregnancy-related disorders.The mechanisms,potential targets and experimental models of S.baicalensis root for ameliorating pregnancy-related diseases,such as recurrent spontaneous abortion,preeclampsia,preterm birth,fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus,are highlighted.展开更多
Background: The absence of a safe and effective therapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion due to a maternofetal failure in immunological tolerance remains an intractable clinical obstacle for surgeons. Recently, trad...Background: The absence of a safe and effective therapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion due to a maternofetal failure in immunological tolerance remains an intractable clinical obstacle for surgeons. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has become a feasible alternative for certain diseases, including recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, because of the complex composition of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its action mechanism remains unclear. Methods: We selected two isolated active ingredients (RAMP and baicalin) from the traditional Chinese medicine formula and used an abortion-prone CBA/J × DBA/2 model to simulate human RSA and compared the changes in fetal resorption rate, Treg cell percentage, and relevant cytokines before and after combination therapy. In addition, The mechanisms were preliminarily discussed using in vitro differentiation models. Results: In CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion-prone mice, the combination therapy resulted in a lower embryo resorption rate compared to that obtained with individual delivery of either RAMP or baicalin, thereby playing an embryo-protective role through the increase in Treg cells for the maintenance of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In in vitro primary cell differentiation experiments, the concentration of Treg cells significantly increased from 11% to 17.9% after the combination therapy compared to that of the single administration group. Conclusion: the synergistic effects of RAMP and baicalin were responsible for Treg differentiation. The present study provides a solid basis for improving the applicability of traditional Chinese herbs in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion.展开更多
Objective: The aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were used as Huangqin Tea for thousands of years and mainly contain flavonoids which contribute to its bioactivities. However, there is no appropriate quality eva...Objective: The aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were used as Huangqin Tea for thousands of years and mainly contain flavonoids which contribute to its bioactivities. However, there is no appropriate quality evaluation method of Huangqin Tea, and three flavanones of isocarthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide,carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide with high contents in the aerial parts have never been defined quantitatively. Here, an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids and systematically compared their contents and distribution in the roots,stems, leaves, and flowers of S. baicalensis was established.Methods: Under the HPLC-DAD chromatographic conditions, 77 batches of samples of S. baicalensis were analyzed. Meanwhile, the chromatographic fingerprint of different parts of S. baicalensis was established.Subsequently, principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and clustering heat map were performed based on the contents of 15 flavonoids in different parts of S. baicalensis.Results: The results showed significant differences in the contents and distributions of 15 flavonoids among the different parts of S. baicalensis. The chemical composition of stems showed some similarities to leaves, and their contents were all lower than leaves. The contents of isocarthamidin-7-O-β–glucuronide [(106.66 66 ± 22.68) mg/g], carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide [(19.82 ± 11.17) mg/g],and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide [(3.10 ± 1.73) mg/g] were the highest in leaves. The content of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and chrysin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide were the highest in flowers. The contents of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, alpinetin, and oroxylin A were higher in roots than in other parts.Conclusion: The method was fully validated and could be effectively used to characterize the contents and distributions of main flavonoids in the different parts of S. baicalensis. It may lay a foundation to establish the quality evaluation system for Huangqin Tea.展开更多
Objective To explore the investigation method of complicated and profound traditional Chinese herbal medicine,the potential action mechanisms of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis were studied by docking calculat...Objective To explore the investigation method of complicated and profound traditional Chinese herbal medicine,the potential action mechanisms of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis were studied by docking calculation.Methods In total,eight flavonoids(aglycones and their glicosides) from S.baicalensis were selected as ligands.The crystalline structures of targets related to common diseases were used as the receptors for calculation.The calculations were conducted with Schrdinger software package.The grading standard of selectivity was developed according to G-score between ligands and receptors.Results Twenty-six pharmacologic actions have been reported.Among all effects in literature,nine of them can be deduced from the docking calculation of aglycone.From glycosides with grade ++,25 reported effects can be estimated by calculation.Apparently,the target selectivity of aglycones and their glycosides are different form the virtual evaluation.The virtual evaluation results of glycosides were closer to the reported effects.Conclusion Our proposed virtual evaluation method seems an effective way to investigate the complicated system of traditional Chinese herbal medicine.It suggests that aglycones may be effective as the form of glucoside in vivo,and metabolism is a very important factor for virtual evaluation.展开更多
文摘Aim: This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of flavonoids from the stem and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (SSFs) against Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>-induced oligodendrocytes (OL) damage. Methods: Immunofluorescence was used for the detection of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), a characteristic protein of rat oligodendrocytes (OLN-93 cells). To evaluate the potential protective effects of SSFs on OLN-93 cells injured by Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>, an injury model was established by subjecting OLN-93 cells to Aβ<sub>1-42</sub> exposed. Cell morphology was examined using an inverted microscope, while cell viability was assessed using the colorimetric method of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT). Additionally, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured using the pyruvic acid reduction assay. The Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBE) injection was used as a positive control. Results: A total of >95% of the MAG immunofluorescence-positive cells were identified as oligodendrocytes. Gradually increasing concentrations of SSFs impaired the cells, and the maximum nondetrimental dose for OLN-93 cells was 75 mg/L. This study assessed the effects of SSFs on OLN-93 cells damaged by Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>. The results indicated that SSFs significantly improved OLN-93 cell morphological abnormal changes, increased the OLN-93 cell survival rate, and reduced LDH release. Conclusion: SSFs can alleviate Aβ<sub>1-42</sub>-induced damage of OL.
基金funded by financial grants from the Education Department of Hunan Province(SCX1840 and CX20190515).
文摘Phytophthora nicotianae causes substantial economic losses in most countries where tobacco is produced.At present,the control of P.nicotianae mainly depends on chemical methods,with considerable environmental and health issues.We investigated the effects of ethanol extracts from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi(SBG)and Magnolia officinalis(MO).On mycelial growth,sporangium formation,and zoospore release of P.nicotianae.Both extracts inhibited the growth of P.nicotianae,with mycelial growth inhibition rates of 88.92%and 93.92%,respectively,at 40 mg/mL,and EC50 values of 5.39 and 5.74 mg/mL,respectively.The underlying mechanisms were the inhibition of sporangium formation,the reduction of zoospore number,and the destruction of the mycelium structure.At an SBG extract concentration of 16.17 mg/mL,the inhibition rates for sporangia and zoospores were 98.66%and 99.39%,respectively.At an MO extract concentration of 2.87 mg/mL,the production of sporangia and zoospores was completely inhibited.The hyphae treated with the two plant extracts showed different degrees of deformation and damage.Hyphae treated with SBG extract showed adhesion and local swelling,whereas treatment with MO extract resulted in broken hyphae.Mixture of the extracts resulted in a good synergistic effect.
基金Supported by Special Project of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(H2022406079).
文摘By analyzing the key factors affecting the authenticity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,this paper focuses on summarizing the research progress of environmental factors(light,temperature,water content,soil),genetic factors and other factors,in order to ensure the quality of S.baicalensis Georgi,find potential suitable areas of S.baicalensis Georgi,and further promote the sustainable development of Chinese medicine resources.
文摘Flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, an antioxidant, markedly improve memory impairments and neuronal injuries. In the present study, primary cortical neurons of rats were exposed to potassium cyanide to establish a model of in vitro neural cell apoptosis. Inhibition of apoptosis by flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baical- ensis Georgi at concentrations of 18.98, 37.36, and 75.92 gg/mL was detected using this model. These flavonoids dramatically increased cell survival, inhibited cell apoptosis and excessive pro- duction of malondialdehyde, and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and Na＋-K＊-ATPase in primary cortical neurons exposed to potassium cyanide. The flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were originally found to have a polyhydric structure and to protect against cerebral hypoxia in in vitro and in vivo models, including hypoxia induced by potassium cyanide or cerebral ischemia. The present study suggests that flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi exert neuroprotective effects via modulation of oxidative stress, such as malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and Na＋-K＋-ATPase disorders induced by potassium cyanide.
基金supported by the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China,No. 02-03-ZP18Hebei Provincial Education Department,No. 20015Hebei Provincial Hundred Outstanding Innovated Talents,First Batch
文摘Based on previous studies that have shown flavonoids from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are neuroprotective agents in a naturally senile, D-galactose, aging in vivo model, as well as an in vitro model of oxidative/hypoxic injury, we established a cerebral ischemia/reperfusion model in rats by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The light/electron microscopic observations found significant neuropathological changes including neuron loss or swelling and rough endoplasmic reticulum injury. Moreover, the activities of lactate dehydrogenase Na＋-K＋-ATPase, Ca2＋-ATPase and superoxide dismutase were significantly lowered, and the levels of malonaldehyde increased. In addition, the memory of rats worsened. However, treatment with flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi （35, 70 and 140 mg/kg） for 13 days dramatically improved the above abnormal changes. These results suggest that the ability of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in attenuating cerebral functional and morphological consequences after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion may be beneficial for the treatment of ischemic brain disease.
基金Major Research Project of Hubei Province(LX201827)Technological Innovation and Special Soft Science Research Project of Hubei Province(2018ADC149)。
文摘The discovery of highly effective medicine"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for COVID-19 is a new era gift of traditional Chinese medicine to the world.The traditional Chinese medicine Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,as a medicinal plant in the family of Labiatae,is the dominant variety of genuine medicinal material in North China.It is the leading traditional Chinese medicine in the advantageous area of agricultural products with Chinese characteristics in Shangdang of Changzhi City,and it is one of the 21 herbal medicines in the new national prescription"Qingfei Paidu Decoction"for the rapid and effective treatment of COVID-19.This paper introduces S.baicalensis Georgi and its traditional Chinese medicine GAP base,ecologically suitable planting county and medicinal value in poor areas,and studies the intellectual property resources related to S.baicalensis Georgi,such as traditional knowledge,biological genetic resources,patents,new plant varieties,geographical indications,and trademarks.This paper mainly discusses the inheritance essence,innovation and high-quality development strategy of S.baicalensis Georgi under the rural revitalization strategy and traditional Chinese medicine development strategy from the aspects of intellectual property rights,important agricultural cultural heritage,advantageous areas of characteristic agricultural products and so on.
基金This work was support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘A new flavone, 6, 2-dihydroxy-5, 7, 8, 6-tetramethoxyflavone, was isolated from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis. Its structure was established on the basis of spectral evidences.
基金the State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People’s Republic of China, No.02-03-ZP18Hebei Provincial Education Department,No. 20015Hebei Provincial Hundred Outstanding Innovated Talents, First Batch
文摘Primary cultures of rat cortical neurons were treated with H2O2 in an in vitro model of free radical neurotoxicity. Flavonoids extracted from the stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, known as SSF, at concentrations of 18.98, 37.36 and 75.92 μg/mL, protected neurons against H2O2 injury in a dose-dependent manner. SSF increased cell survival, reduced lactate dehydrogenase release and inhibited malondialdehyde production. SSF also inhibited reductions in superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and Na＋-K＋-ATPase activities. These results in-dicate that SSF can protect rat cortical neurons against H2O2-induced oxidative injury.
基金Supported by Special Scientific and Technological Project for the Construction of National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zone in Chengde in 2019(202007F004)Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for the Breeding and Ecological Planting of Genuine Chinese Medicinal Materials in Mountainous Areas of Hebei(19226410D)+1 种基金Construction of Production Technology System Composed of Collection,Evaluation,Screening and Standardized Planting of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi Germplasm Resources(2017YFC1701700-1-1)Technology Demonstration Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Industry in Luanping County(V1623138472760).
文摘In the production process of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,how to improve the quality of cultivated S.baicalensis is the focus of current research.By consulting a large number of relevant literatures of S.baicalensis,combined with the research and production experience of the research group in recent years,the factors affecting the quality of cultivated S.baicalensis were analyzed to provide a certain basis for its rational development,utilization and protection in the future.
基金This research is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82201866 to YLM)Startup Fund for Research of Shaoxing University(No.20210022 to YLM).
文摘The root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi,also called Huangqin,is frequently used in traditional Chinese medicine.In ancient China,S.baicalensis root was used to clear heat,protect the fetus,and avoid a miscarriage for thousands of years.In modern times,pregnancy-related diseases can seriously affect maternal and fetal health,but few systematic studies have explored the mechanisms and potential targets of S.baicalensis root in the treatment of pregnancy-related diseases.Flavonoids(baicalein,wogonin and oroxylin A)and flavonoid glycosides(baicalin and wogonoside)are the main chemical components in the root of S.baicalensis.This study presents the current understanding of the major chemical components in the root of S.baicalensis,focusing on their traditional uses,potential therapeutic effects and ethnopharmacological relevance to pregnancy-related disorders.The mechanisms,potential targets and experimental models of S.baicalensis root for ameliorating pregnancy-related diseases,such as recurrent spontaneous abortion,preeclampsia,preterm birth,fetal growth restriction and gestational diabetes mellitus,are highlighted.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81973221)National Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China(81603647)+2 种基金the Women and Children Health Talent Project of Jiangsu Province(FRC201785)the Chinese Clinical Medicine Innovation Center of Obstetrics,Gynecology,and Reproduction in Jiangsu Province(ZX202102)the Women and Children Health Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(F202206).
文摘Background: The absence of a safe and effective therapy for recurrent spontaneous abortion due to a maternofetal failure in immunological tolerance remains an intractable clinical obstacle for surgeons. Recently, traditional Chinese medicine has become a feasible alternative for certain diseases, including recurrent spontaneous abortion. However, because of the complex composition of the traditional Chinese medicine formula, its action mechanism remains unclear. Methods: We selected two isolated active ingredients (RAMP and baicalin) from the traditional Chinese medicine formula and used an abortion-prone CBA/J × DBA/2 model to simulate human RSA and compared the changes in fetal resorption rate, Treg cell percentage, and relevant cytokines before and after combination therapy. In addition, The mechanisms were preliminarily discussed using in vitro differentiation models. Results: In CBA/J × DBA/2 abortion-prone mice, the combination therapy resulted in a lower embryo resorption rate compared to that obtained with individual delivery of either RAMP or baicalin, thereby playing an embryo-protective role through the increase in Treg cells for the maintenance of maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In in vitro primary cell differentiation experiments, the concentration of Treg cells significantly increased from 11% to 17.9% after the combination therapy compared to that of the single administration group. Conclusion: the synergistic effects of RAMP and baicalin were responsible for Treg differentiation. The present study provides a solid basis for improving the applicability of traditional Chinese herbs in the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortion.
基金the support from the Capital Citizens’ Health Project Cultivation(Z161100000116101)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS 2016-I2M-1-012)
文摘Objective: The aerial parts of Scutellaria baicalensis were used as Huangqin Tea for thousands of years and mainly contain flavonoids which contribute to its bioactivities. However, there is no appropriate quality evaluation method of Huangqin Tea, and three flavanones of isocarthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide,carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide, and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide with high contents in the aerial parts have never been defined quantitatively. Here, an HPLC-DAD method for simultaneous determination of 15 flavonoids and systematically compared their contents and distribution in the roots,stems, leaves, and flowers of S. baicalensis was established.Methods: Under the HPLC-DAD chromatographic conditions, 77 batches of samples of S. baicalensis were analyzed. Meanwhile, the chromatographic fingerprint of different parts of S. baicalensis was established.Subsequently, principal component analysis(PCA), orthogonal projections to latent structures discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA), and clustering heat map were performed based on the contents of 15 flavonoids in different parts of S. baicalensis.Results: The results showed significant differences in the contents and distributions of 15 flavonoids among the different parts of S. baicalensis. The chemical composition of stems showed some similarities to leaves, and their contents were all lower than leaves. The contents of isocarthamidin-7-O-β–glucuronide [(106.66 66 ± 22.68) mg/g], carthamidin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide [(19.82 ± 11.17) mg/g],and isoscutellarein-8-O-β-D-glucuronide [(3.10 ± 1.73) mg/g] were the highest in leaves. The content of apigenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside and chrysin-7-O-β-D-glucuronide were the highest in flowers. The contents of baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside, wogonin, alpinetin, and oroxylin A were higher in roots than in other parts.Conclusion: The method was fully validated and could be effectively used to characterize the contents and distributions of main flavonoids in the different parts of S. baicalensis. It may lay a foundation to establish the quality evaluation system for Huangqin Tea.
基金Ministry of Science and Technology of the PR China (No:2007BAI41B01)Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (No:07TCZDJC05300)
文摘Objective To explore the investigation method of complicated and profound traditional Chinese herbal medicine,the potential action mechanisms of flavonoids from Scutellaria baicalensis were studied by docking calculation.Methods In total,eight flavonoids(aglycones and their glicosides) from S.baicalensis were selected as ligands.The crystalline structures of targets related to common diseases were used as the receptors for calculation.The calculations were conducted with Schrdinger software package.The grading standard of selectivity was developed according to G-score between ligands and receptors.Results Twenty-six pharmacologic actions have been reported.Among all effects in literature,nine of them can be deduced from the docking calculation of aglycone.From glycosides with grade ++,25 reported effects can be estimated by calculation.Apparently,the target selectivity of aglycones and their glycosides are different form the virtual evaluation.The virtual evaluation results of glycosides were closer to the reported effects.Conclusion Our proposed virtual evaluation method seems an effective way to investigate the complicated system of traditional Chinese herbal medicine.It suggests that aglycones may be effective as the form of glucoside in vivo,and metabolism is a very important factor for virtual evaluation.
