Synthesis, crystal structure, magnetic properties and second harmonic generation of a new noncentrosymmetric coordination compound：Triaqua(4-amino-6-methoxypyrimidine) cuprate(Ⅱ)sulfate

The chemical preparation, crystal structure and infrared spectroscopic characterization of the triaqua（4-amino-6-methoxypyrimidine） cuprate（II） sulfate, [Cu（C5H7N3）（H2O）3]SO4, is reported. The compound crystallizes in the noncentrosymmetric orthorhombic space group P212121 with lattice parameters a = 7.9025（3）, b = 11.1189（4）, c = 12.9720（4） , V = 1139.81（7） ~3 and Z = 4. The Cu（II） cation is fivecoordinated, in an early half-way between square pyramidal and trigonal bipyramidal fashion, by two nitrogen atoms of the 4-amino-6-methoxypyrimidine ligand and three water oxygen atoms. In the atomic arrangement, the organic ligands and the 5-connected Cu centers are linked with each other to give a 1-D corrugated hybrid chain running along the b-axis direction. The chains are interconnected by the SO4^（2-） anions via O–H...O, O–H...S, C–H...O and N–H...O hydrogen bonds to form layers spreading parallel to the（011） plane. The vibrational absorption bands were identified by infrared spectroscopy. Quantitative measurements of the second harmonic generation（SHG） of a powdered sample at 1064 nm were performed and a relative efficiency of 5.2 times the KDP standard was observed. Magnetic properties were also defined to characterize the complex. Magnetic measurements revealed that this material had a onedimensional antiferromagnetic character. The magnetic parameters were g = 2.11 and 2J/k B = -36 K.

Electronic Structures and Optical Properties of HgGa_2X_4 (X=S,Se,Te)Semiconductors

The first-principles density functional calculations are performed to study the geometries and electronic structures of HgGa2X4（X = S,Se,Te） semiconductors with defect chalcopyrite structures,and the optical properties of all crystals are investigated systematically.The results indicate that these compounds have similar band structures and the band gap decreases from S to Se to Te.For the linear optical properties,three crystals show good light transmission in the IR and part visible regions,and in particular,HgGa2S4 and HgGa2Se4 crystals possess moderate birefringence.For the nonlinear optical properties,these crystals have stronger second harmonic generation（SHG）,and are theoretically predicted to have larger second-order static SHG coefficients（ 30 pm/V）.The SHG of HgGa2X4（X = S,Se,Te） semiconductors can be attributed to the transitions from the bands near the top of valence band derived from X（X = S,Se,Te） p states to the unoccupied bands contributed by the p states of Ga atoms.Our results indicate that the HgGa2S4 and HgGa2Se4 compounds are good candidates for nonlinear optical crystals in the IR region.

Properties of second harmonic generation in nonlinear optical crystals CsLiB_6O_(10) and K_2Al_2B_2O_7

The phase-matching for nonlinear optical crystal, the nonlinear phase matching angle, effective nonlinear coefficient, walk-off angles, permitted angle, and permitted wavelength are obtained in type-I and type-II phase matching in ultraviolet （UV） nonlinear optical crystals CsLiB6O10 （CLBO） and K2Al2B2O7 （KABO） by detailed theoretical simulation. Through analysis and comparison, the phase matching characteristics of the second harmonic generation in the crystals are discussed when the wavelengths of the basic frequency lights turn continually.

Single Crystal Growth of Lanthanum(III) Molybdate(VI) (La₄Mo₇O₂₇) Using H₃BO₃Flux

Single crystals of La4Mo7O27 have been successfully grown by the flux growth method H3BO3 as the flux in a plantium crucible using the starting materials of La2O3, H3BO3 and MoO3 in a molar ratio of 0.16:0.16:0.68, in which H3BO3 acted as a flux. Transparent colorless crystals were obtained with size of 0.8 × 0.3 × 0.2 mm3 under the optimized crystal growth conditions: growth temperature of 727°C, growth time of 95 h and cooling rate of 0.5°C/hr. A well-developed morphology of the crystals was observed and analyzed. The preparation process of starting materials on crystal growth was investigated. The grown crystals were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), EDAX, SEM, UV-Vis, photoluminescence studies, thermal analysis, dielectric studies and second harmonic generation (SHG). The results are presented and discussed.

Fabrication of amorphous nanoporous ZrO_(2)/SiO_(2) aerogel enabling nonlinear optical properties

Amorphous oxides have unique physicochemical properties with extensive opto-electronic applications such as the thin-film transistor,light-emitting diode backplanes,and supercontinuum generation.In this contribution,we synthesize the amorphous ZrO_(2)/SiO_(2) nanoporous aerogel with high structural integrity.With the femtosecond excitation laser at 800–1,064 nm,the broadband second harmonic generation is observed.The nonlinear optical properties of the as-prepared ZrO_(2)/SiO_(2) aerogel are investigated at 1.0μm and 1.5μm for the first time.Subsequently,the amorphous ZrO_(2)/SiO_(2) saturable absorber is originally applied in the Yb-doped and Er-doped fiber lasers to realize the mode-locking operations.In the Yb-doped fiber laser,the dissipative soliton resonance mode-locking operation is demonstrated with the largest pulse duration of 22 ns at a repetition rate of 7.8 MHz and a high signal-to-noise ratio of 64 dB.In the Er-doped fiber laser,a conventional soliton mod-locking regime is observed with an ultrashort pulse width of 960 fs,a repetition frequency of 6.55 MHz,and a time-bandwidth production of 0.347.Our work shows the good ability of the ZrO_(2)/SiO_(2) aerogel in generating ultrafast pulses and extends the saturable absorber into the amorphous material realm.

Optical properties and CO_2 laser SHG with HgGa_2S_4

Optical properties and nonlinearity on phase-matching (PM) of two (yellow and orange) phase crystals were investigated in details. Damage threshold was determined in comparison with middle infrared (IR) crystal at identical experimental conditions. Second harmonic generation (SHG) of 30 ns TEA CO2 laser pulses was realized with 5% efficiency in energy and 6.9% in peak power.

Metal-organic frameworks for nonlinear optics and lasing

Nonlinear optics(NLO)is a crucial branch of photonics that greatly facilitates the transmission,processing,and storage of photonic signals.It meets the needs of the rapidly growing information demands of modern society.Materials with NLO properties and laser capabilities have a wide range of applications in fields such as optical communication,optical information storage,biomedical imaging,laser technology,and quantum information technology.Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have emerged as particularly exciting hybrid inorganic-organic porous materials that can be easily self‐assembled from corresponding inorganic metal ions/clusters and organic linkers.The structural diversity and flexibility of MOFs offer ample opportunities for the orderly or-ganization of highly hyperpolarizable chromophore molecules within confined spaces.This makes it ideal for NLO signal and laser emissions.In this review,we provide a comprehensive overview of strategies to construct MOFs with NLO and laser properties,as well as recent research developments for enhancing and adjusting these properties.Through analysis of chromophore arrangement and various interactions within the framework,we aim to gain insight into the correlation between MOF structures and optical properties.This will facilitate the design and synthesis of MOFs with excellent NLO and laser capabilities through the judicious selection of metal ions and organic linkers.Finally,we outline the future challenges and potential research directions for MOFs in NLO and laser fields.

Two Low-temperature Phase Transition Compounds Based on Quinuclidine Derivatives with Fluorescence

Two phase transition materials[iPrQ]2MnBr4(1,iPrQ=N-isopropyl-quinuclidinium)and[iPrQ]_(2)MnCl_(4)(2)were synthesized and characterized.Dielectric measurements and differential scanning calorimetry showed that the two compounds underwent reversible phase transitions at ca.–47 and–37℃,respectively.Variable-temperature single-crystal X-ray diffraction suggested that the two compounds underwent the same phase transitions from space group C2/c to Cc but at different temperature.The variable crystal structures indicated that the structural phase transitions of the compound were ascribed to the torsional movement of quinuclidine ring and the disappearance of the c-slide plane.The second harmonic generation(SHG)response further proved this structural phase transition.Fluorescence tests showed that the two compounds have strong fluorescence.The strong variations in dielectric anomalies make compounds 1 and 2 suitable for promising switchable dielectric materials.