Professional Cognitive Education Model for Agricultural Water Conservancy Engineering under the Background of New Agricultural Science

The construction of new agricultural science requires the use of modern scientific and technological means to transform and enhance current agricultural related majors.The agricultural water conservancy engineering major,with its inherent disciplinary advantages,plays an indispensable and important role in the construction of new agricultural science.In recent years,the lack of professional cognitive education has gradually become a significant problem in the training of talents in agricultural water conservancy engineering.Therefore,this paper deeply analyzes the problems and reasons faced by professional cognitive education,and proposes specific educational strategies for several key aspects such as enrollment promotion,freshman enrollment education,construction of teacher team,combination of scientific research and teaching,and strengthening professional cognition through competition activities.It aims to provide reference for improving the quality of professional cognitive education and exploring effective ways.

Evaluation of the Relation between Cognitive Science and Embodied Cognition

This article delves into the intricate relationship between cognitive science and embodied cognition, offering transformative philosophical insights with profound implications for our understanding of the mind-body connection. In response to the journal’s feedback, we have enhanced the abstract to provide a more comprehensive overview of our study. Background: We trace the historical evolution of ideas, from the inception of cognitive science rooted in analytic philosophy to the groundbreaking contributions of Rodney Brooks and others in the field of artificial intelligence. We also explore the work of scholars such as Agre, Chapman, and Dreyfus, shedding light on the role of cognitive metaphor and the concept of the cognitive unconscious in shaping our understanding of embodied cognition. Purpose: Our study aims to shed light on the central theme that unites these various strands of thought—the rejection of the traditional, transcendental view of the subject in favor of the concept of an embodied subject. This embodied subject actively engages with its environment, shaping consciousness and cognition. This shift in perspective challenges classical epistemological theories and opens new avenues for inquiry. Method: We have conducted a comprehensive literature review to explore the historical development and key concepts in the field of embodied cognition, with a particular focus on the philosophical underpinnings and their integration into cognitive science. Results: Our examination of embodied cognition reveals that the mind is intimately connected to the body, with cognition emerging through interactions with the environment and perceptual experiences. This perspective challenges reductionist notions and demonstrates that mental states cannot be reduced to brain states alone. We also explore the relationship between functionalism and computational states of the brain, illustrating that mental states can be understood in the context of mathematical functions. Conclusion: In conclusion, this paper highlights the profound implications of embodied cognition and suggests that the mind is not isolated from the body but intimately tied to it. This perspective provides a fresh approach to the mind-body problem, emphasizing the role of the environment and perceptual experiences in shaping cognition. We invite further research into the practical applications of embodied cognition in fields like artificial intelligence, robotics, and psychology, and encourage investigations into the intersections between cognitive science and various branches of philosophy, offering valuable insights into the nature of consciousness and cognition. In essence, this study provides a comprehensive overview of the evolution and implications of embodied cognition, laying the groundwork for further research and fostering a deeper appreciation of the profound shifts in perspective that this theory brings to our understanding of the human mind.

Artificial Intelligence and Human Intelligence——On Human-Computer Competition from the Five-Level Theory of Cognitive Science

It is generally accepted that the human mind and cognition can be viewed at five levels; nerves, psychology, language, thinking and culture. Artificial intelligence(AI) simulates human intelligence at all five levels of human cognition, however, AI has yet to outperform human intelligence, although it is making progress. Presently artificial intelligence lags far behind human intelligence in higher-order cognition, namely, the cognitive levels of language, thinking and culture. In fact, artificial intelligence and human intelligence fall into very different intelligence categories. Machine learning is no more than a simulation of human cognitive ability and therefore should not be overestimated. There is no need for us to feel scared even panic about it. Put forward by John R. Searle, the"Chinese Room"argument, a famous AI model and standard, is not yet out of date. According to this argument, a digital computer will never acquire human intelligence. Given that, no artificial intelligence will outperform human intelligence in the foreseeable future.

Building the Supernatural:The Cult of Glykon of Abonuteichos From Lucian of Samosata to Cognitive Science

We can argue that the making and the spread of the cult of Glykon of Abonuteichos can be explained through a cognitivist template.Lucian of Samosata’s Pseudomantis booklet and the material evidence,which testifies to the building and the spread of Glykon’s cult by Alexander of Abonuteichos,belong to a historical context characterized by instability,deadly epidemics and military pressure.It is a historical context,therefore,in which people feel reality with anxiety;one of the reactions is the growing up of the belief in prophylactic and prophetic cults,capable to protecting and forecasting.Since Lucian had pointed out that fear and hope were the forces that dominated the lives of men,just as the same had denounced that Alexander of Abonuteichos was ready to exploit those forces to his advantage,the cult of Glykon could be labeled as a trick.However,cognitive science and specifically the hard-wired brain circuit research may offer an alternative explanation:the interaction between potential risk of low probability,but high impact events(unstoppable irruptions of the Germans,or generalized impotence against the spread of disease)can impact on the hard-wired brain circuit activity capable of keeping social and individual anxiety,implicitly conditioning mentality and behavior of a religious“entrepreneur”and consumers,both concerned about protection and forecasting,fear and hope.

Analysis on English Teaching Mode and the Analysis of Students’ Fitness from the Perspective of Cognitive Science

This paper conducts the analysis on English teaching mode and the analysis of the students’ fitness from the perspective of cognitive science. The importance of English has been recognized by the whole society, the community’s ability to use English in the expectation of the students is higher and higher, as both master professional knowledge and proficient in English compound talents more and more popular. Cognitive and other areas of education there is a mutual influence, and the relationship between each other. The most important factor that directly affects the education in the cognitive field is the student’s emotional domain that namely the student’s learning motivation, the learning interest and learning attitude. Within this condition, this paper proposes the novel idea on the English teaching mode which will promote the development of the subject.

A COGNITIVE AND MEMETIC SCIENCE APPROACH TO ANALYZE THE HUMAN FACTORS IN PREDICTING THE EVOLUTION OF PAPER TECHNOLOGY AND PRODUCTS IN THE 21^(sT) CENTURY

21世纪制纸技术。

Exploration on the Cognitive Schema and Its Transformation of Knowledge Management

Knowledge management(KM) has been receiving considerable attention in the human-system research community.And it is one of the key issues on what the cognitive structure(schema) is and how it transfers.From different perspectives,such as the cognitive science,the concepts,elements and characteristics of cognitive schema,the knowledge structure,knowledge acquisition and influence of schema on it,this paper explores the cognitive schema of knowledge management.

Towards a Theoretical Framework of Autonomous Systems Underpinned by Intelligence and Systems Sciences

Autonomous systems are an emerging AI technology functioning without human intervention underpinned by the latest advances in intelligence,cognition,computer,and systems sciences.This paper explores the intelligent and mathematical foundations of autonomous systems.It focuses on structural and behavioral properties that constitute the intelligent power of autonomous systems.It explains how system intelligence aggregates from reflexive,imperative,adaptive intelligence to autonomous and cognitive intelligence.A hierarchical intelligence model(HIM)is introduced to elaborate the evolution of human and system intelligence as an inductive process.The properties of system autonomy are formally analyzed towards a wide range of applications in computational intelligence and systems engineering.Emerging paradigms of autonomous systems including brain-inspired systems,cognitive robots,and autonomous knowledge learning systems are described.Advances in autonomous systems will pave a way towards highly intelligent machines for augmenting human capabilities.

IDSS: Designing to Extend the Cognitive Limits

The paper presents the conceptual and operational basis of the creation of IDSS based on our recent research experience. In this paper, an intelligent decision support system, IDSS is defined as: any interactive system that is specially designed to improve the decision making of its user by extending the user's cognitive decision making abilities. As a result, this view of man-machine joint cognitive system stresses the need to use computational technology to aid the user in the decision making process. And the human's role is to achieve total systems's objectives. The paper outlines the designing procedure in successive steps. First, the decision maker's cognitive needs for decision support are identified. Second, the computationally realizable support functions are defined that could be provided by IDSS. Then, the specific techniques that would best fill the decision needs are discussed. And finally, for system implementation the modern computational technology infrastructure is emphasized.

The Monty Hall Problem and beyond: Digital-Mathematical and Cognitive Analysis in Boole’s Algebra, Including an Extension and Generalization to Related Cases

The Monty Hall problem has received its fair share of attention in mathematics. Recently, an entire monograph has been devoted to its history. There has been a multiplicity of approaches to the problem. These approaches are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The design of the present paper is to add one more approach by analyzing the mathematical structure of the Monty Hall problem in digital terms. The structure of the problem is described as much as possible in the tradition and the spirit—and as much as possible by means of the algebraic conventions—of George Boole’s Investigation of the Laws of Thought (1854), the Magna Charta of the digital age, and of John Venn’s Symbolic Logic (second edition, 1894), which is squarely based on Boole’s Investigation and elucidates it in many ways. The focus is not only on the digital-mathematical structure itself but also on its relation to the presumed digital nature of cognition as expressed in rational thought and language. The digital approach is outlined in part 1. In part 2, the Monty Hall problem is analyzed digitally. To ensure the generality of the digital approach and demonstrate its reliability and productivity, the Monty Hall problem is extended and generalized in parts 3 and 4 to related cases in light of the axioms of probability theory. In the full mapping of the mathematical structure of the Monty Hall problem and any extensions thereof, a digital or non-quantitative skeleton is fleshed out by a quantitative component. The pertinent mathematical equations are developed and presented and illustrated by means of examples.

Cognitive Machine Learning

Cognitive machine learning refers to the combination of machine learning and brain cognitive mechanism, specifically, combining machine learning with mind model CAM. Three research directions are proposed in this paper, that is, emergency of learning, complementary learning system and evolution of learning.

Evaluation of Selected Control Programming Languages for Process Engineers by Means of Cognitive Effectiveness and Dimensions

Different programming languages can be used for discrete, abstract and process-oriented programming. Depending on the application, there exist additional requirements, which are not fulfilled by every programming language. Flexible programming and maintainability are especially important requirements for process engineers. In this paper, the programming languages Activity Diagram, State Chart Diagram and Sequential Function Chart are compared and evaluated with regard to these requirements. This evaluation is based on the principles of cognitive effectiveness and cognitive dimensions. The aim of this paper is to identify the programming language suited best for controlling sequential processes, e.g. thermomechanical or batch processes.

中国特色认知传播研究的四维度分析框架

中国特色认知传播研究是在传播学及认知科学等交叉学科领域中构建中国自主知识体系的理论创新与实践探索。为系统阐释认知传播研究的“中国特色”,从价值系统、动力系统、知识生产系统和应用系统构建四维度分析框架。研究认为,认知传播需要在中国特色哲学社会科学的建构方向下明确价值内涵、属性特征和目标指向,在实践动力、学科动力和工具动力的作用机制下形塑认知传播研究的“中国特色”,从确立马克思主义指导地位、整合与创新多元理论体系、回应重大理论与现实问题、壮大认知传播研究的中国学派等方面彰显学术研究、理论建构与问题导向的中国特色,最终在洞察认知规律、剖析认知机制、创新认知工具中推动认知传播研究成果的应用性转化。四维度分析框架阐释了认知传播研究“中国特色”的具体要求,尝试性探索认知传播的在地研究进路,以期使未来的认知传播研究能够在构建原创理论、紧跟本土实践、回应现实问题中逐步确立学科地位。

新农科背景下农业认知实践课程改革与探索

随着乡村振兴和现代农业的推进,农业人才培养需求发生重大变革。该文探索适应于新农科背景下农业认知实践课程的教学大纲,采用授课、参观、调研和参加论坛等授课形式,配合一年的农事技术操作;建设“互联网+”智能农业创新平台和虚拟仿真实验资源;与企业合作,引入现代农业技术线上课程资源,适应现代农业新形势和新技术;融入课程思政,培养学生学农爱农知农的兴趣。课程改革不仅展现现代农业和智慧农业的应用价值,更能让学生实践先进的轻简高效栽培技术,深刻领悟农业研究的意义,激发学生的大国“三农”情怀,培养更多知农爱农型人才。

我言,故我在:兼论人类和计算机两种语言智能

考察古代哲学、近代哲学和现当代哲学的发展史,可以证明人类心智对世界的关注从认知客体(古代哲学)开始,转到认知主体(近代哲学),再转到认知主客体的中间环节语言(现当代哲学)。语言智能就是在符号语言基础上产生的智能,包括人类的语言智能和计算机的语言智能,显然这两种智能都是以语言为基础的。所以,语言智能型的ChatGPT比过去思维智能型的AlphaGo等有更强的智能和更大的认知能力,它的表现也会更像人类。20世纪的语言学革命产生一系列的重要事件,形成一个语言认知的连续统。从乔姆斯基语言学革命的标志性成果GT到ChatGPT,人工智能到底走了多远?本文以人类认知五层级理论为依据,以ChatGPT为样本,讨论语言智能相关的一些重要问题,并得出我们的结论。

认知科学与未来教育变革

中国认知科学的三个发展阶段是科学研究、学科建设和人才培养,而认知科学时代的人才培养要通过教育变革来实现,为此要重新认识和定义教育。未来教育应坚持知识和能力并重,更加重视心智和认知能力的培养。通过建立人类认知五层级与教育发展各阶段的对应关系,可以重新制定教育发展各阶段的教学计划和人才培养方案,提高学生和受教育者各个层级的心智和认知能力,这是教育的根本任务,也是未来教育的发展方向。在认知-教育的视域下,应围绕“6+1”的学科框架,聚焦综合认知能力的提升,深化高校育人模式改革,培养21世纪的“大师”和“杰出人才”。此即认知科学时代对 “钱学森之问”的回答。

情境认知理论在文化科普文创中的应用研究

将情境认知理论应用于良渚文化文创产品设计中,为目前文化科普类文创产品创新提供新的设计思路。通过对情境认知理论与当下科普类文创产品的分析,总结目前科普类文创产品的理论层、实践层、反思层三方面的问题。在情境认知理论中融入设计思维与设计方法,提炼出“以知建境”“以行用境”“知行善境”三个情境认知维度的方法,创构起情境认知理论的文创产品设计模型。最后以浙江省良渚文化为例进行设计实践,对该设计模型的相关理念进行实践与佐证。将情境认知理论运用于文化科普类文创设计中,使其成为传递文化知识的纽带,能够增加文化科普的互动性,促进受教育者对于知识的实践应用能力,有效地唤起人们对于文化的兴趣,从而传承中华传统文化,传递民族精神。

社会科学视域下的计算机视觉研究:历史、理论与方法

计算机视觉技术发展迅速,为社会科学研究者挖掘视觉数据、研究人类行为、发现新的理论“绿洲”提供了新的路径。通过系统梳理当前与计算机视觉技术相关的社会科学文献,分析总结该领域的发轫历史、发展趋势、关注议题、相关理论概念以及研究方法,发现计算机视觉研究主要涉及的理论包括视觉效果相关理论、自我认知相关理论、社会交往相关理论和心理学相关理论四类;研究议题包括政治学、媒体传播、群体行为、区域与人口研究四大方向。在方法上,社交媒体是构成计算机视觉研究最主要的数据来源,主要分析工具包括开源工具、商业平台应用程序接口(API)和研究者自己开发的工具,涵盖12种视觉分析技术。在此基础上,从计算机视觉研究为中国社会科学跨学科研究带来的新契机、计算机视觉研究的理论困境、视觉变量的测量信度与效度以及视频数据获取和使用的伦理问题四个层面,对社会科学视域下的计算机视觉研究进行了反思。

不同水平足球运动员空间知觉能力差异:基于行为学和fNIRS的研究

空间知觉能力是决定足球运动员运动技能的关键,更是提升运动员竞技表现的核心因素。选取20名国家一级足球运动员(专家组)和20名高校足球俱乐部的体教专业大学生(新手组),采用功能性近红外光谱成像技术(fNIRS),探讨心理旋转任务下行为绩效、前额叶脑血氧(Oxy-Hb)激活以及脑功能连接的组间差异。结果显示:(1)专家组心理旋转任务正确率显著高于新手组(P<0.05),反应时显著短于新手组(P<0.01)。(2)专家组左右侧背外侧前额叶、额极区和右腹外侧前额叶激活低于新手组(P<0.05),并且脑间功能连接协同更强。研究认为,长期足球训练能够改变运动员的空间知觉加工模式,提高神经资源的利用效率,有利于大脑网络连接性,对认知功能的改善起到重要作用。