This study was carried out to investigate the effects of secondary sterilization on the quality of roasted shrimp（ Litopenaeus vannamei）with high nutrients. Roasted shrimps were vacuum packaged, with 100 g in each b...This study was carried out to investigate the effects of secondary sterilization on the quality of roasted shrimp（ Litopenaeus vannamei）with high nutrients. Roasted shrimps were vacuum packaged, with 100 g in each bag, and subjected to secondary sterilization for 30 min at 70, 80,90, 100, 110 and 120 ℃, or for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min at 90℃. Then, the color, textural properties, sensory quality and pH were measured, and whether they were commercially sterile was evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of sterilizing temperature, L＊, a＊and b＊values all decreased. And with the increase of the duration of sterilization, L＊slightly decreased, while a＊and b＊slightly increased. In addition, with the increase in sterilizing temperature, the hardness, gumminess, chewiness and springiness of roasted shrimps increased at first and decreased subsequently, while the adhesiveness kept increasing, and the cohesiveness and shear force slightly declined. With the increasing duration of sterilization,the hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness rose, the cohesiveness and shear force declined, the gumminess decreased at first and increased subsequently, while the springiness increased at first and decreased subsequently. The pH of roasted shrimps varied in a complex pattern when sterilizing temperature was increased, but increased with the increasing duration of sterilization. The results showed that the roasted shrimps secondarily sterilized at 90℃ for 30 min have the best sensory quality, and are commercially sterile.展开更多
The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that thei...The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.展开更多
基金Supported by Agricultural Science and Technology Achievement Transformation Fund of Shanghai(2015 No.2-1)The Program of Introducing International Advanced Agricultural Science and Technology(2011-Z12)
文摘This study was carried out to investigate the effects of secondary sterilization on the quality of roasted shrimp（ Litopenaeus vannamei）with high nutrients. Roasted shrimps were vacuum packaged, with 100 g in each bag, and subjected to secondary sterilization for 30 min at 70, 80,90, 100, 110 and 120 ℃, or for 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 min at 90℃. Then, the color, textural properties, sensory quality and pH were measured, and whether they were commercially sterile was evaluated. The results showed that with the increase of sterilizing temperature, L＊, a＊and b＊values all decreased. And with the increase of the duration of sterilization, L＊slightly decreased, while a＊and b＊slightly increased. In addition, with the increase in sterilizing temperature, the hardness, gumminess, chewiness and springiness of roasted shrimps increased at first and decreased subsequently, while the adhesiveness kept increasing, and the cohesiveness and shear force slightly declined. With the increasing duration of sterilization,the hardness, adhesiveness and chewiness rose, the cohesiveness and shear force declined, the gumminess decreased at first and increased subsequently, while the springiness increased at first and decreased subsequently. The pH of roasted shrimps varied in a complex pattern when sterilizing temperature was increased, but increased with the increasing duration of sterilization. The results showed that the roasted shrimps secondarily sterilized at 90℃ for 30 min have the best sensory quality, and are commercially sterile.
基金Fujian External Cooperation Project of Natural Science Foundation,China(No.2022I0042)。
文摘The silk fabrics were matching dyed with three natural edible pigments(red rice red,ginger yellow and gardenia blue).By investigating the dyeing rates and lifting properties of these pigments,it was observed that their compatibilities were excellent in the dyeing process:dye dosage 2.5%(omf),mordant alum dosage 2.0%(omf),dyeing temperature 80℃and dyeing time 40 min.The silk fabrics dyed with secondary colors exhibited vibrant and vivid color owing to the remarkable lightness and chroma of ginger yellow.However,gardenia blue exhibited multiple absorption peaks in the visible light range,resulting in significantly lower lightness and chroma for the silk fabrics dyed with tertiary colors,thus making it suitable only for matte-colored fabrics with low chroma levels.In addition,the silk fabrics dyed with these three pigments had a color fastness that exceeded grade 3 in resistance to perspiration,soap washing and light exposure,indicating acceptable wearing properties.The dyeing process described in this research exhibited a wide range of potential applications in matching dyeing of protein-based textiles with natural colorants.
