HYBRID PERTURBATION-GALERKIN SOLUTION OF THE FLOW IN A CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION TUBE WITH CONSTRICTION

Using hybrid perturbatin_Galerkin technique,a crcular cross_section tube model with sinusoidal wall is studied.This technique can remove the limitation of small parameters for perturbation and the difficulty of selecting good coordinate functions about Galerkin technique.The effects caused by the boundary conditions and the Reynolds number on the flow were discussed.The position of the separate and reattachment points was obtained.The tendency of the variation about the shear stress on the wall and friction factor along the axis direction were also analyzed.The results at a small parameter have good agreements with the perturbation ones.

Effect of frictions on cross section quality of thin-walled tube NC bending

The effect of frictions between dies and tube on the cross section quality of thin-walled tube numerical controlled(NC) bending was studied by numerical simulation method, combined with theoretical analysis and experiment. The results show that the frictions between mandrel, wiper, pressure die, bending die and tube have a significant and complicate effect on the section quality of thin-walled tube NC bending. To improve the section quality, frictions between mandrel, wiper and tube should be decreased, but the frictions between the pressure die, bending die and tube increase. The effect on the section distortion is more significant from mandrel, wiper, pressure die to bending die and the effect on the wall thinning more significant from mandrel, pressure die, wiper, to bending die. The effects of frictions between all dies and tube on wall thinning are smaller than their effects on section distortion. Mandrel and wiper should be lubricated well and drawing oil is used to lubricate them in actual production. The frictions between pressure die, bending die and tube should be increased and the dry friction is used between pressure die, bending die and tube in actual production.

Effect of mandrel on cross section quality of thin-walled tube numerical controlled bending

The effect of mandrel with the structure of ball and socket on the cross section quality of thin-walled tube numerical controlled(NC) bending was studied by numerical simulation method, combined with theoretical (analysis) and experiment. Influencing factors of the mandrel include the count of mandrel heads, the diameter of mandrel and its position. According to the principle of NC tube bending, quality defects possibly produced in thin-walled tube NC bending process were analyzed and two parameters were proposed in order to describe the cross section quality of thin-walled tube NC bending. According to the geometrical dimension of tube and dies, the range of mandrel protrusion was derived. The finite element model of thin-walled tube NC bending was established based on the DYNAFORM platform, and key technological problems were solved. The model was verified by experiment. The effect of the number of mandrel heads, the diameter of mandrel and the protrusion length of mandrel on the cross section quality of thin-walled tube NC bending was revealed and how to choose mandrel parameters was presented.

Numerical simulation of small section rectangular tube in parallel welding

The welding temperature field and deformation of parallel arrangement small-section rectangular tubes is calculated by using a non-contact model. After comparing the computed results with the experimentally measured results, it shows that there exist big errors when applying this model to the numerical simulation of small-section rectangular tube＇ s welding temperature field and deformation. Based on a simple analysis of the errors, a contact model is presented. The heat transfer and stress analysis between small-section rectangular tubes and clamping fixture are simulated by using direct constraints method, and then the laws of the temperature distribution, which coincide with experiment, are obtained. A further numerical analysis of the stress and deformation are made, it shows that a ＂T＂ shaped stress-field is formed in the vicinity of the weld. As the stress-field departs from the centroid of tubes＇, this leads to the small rectangular tubes not only have a longitudinal deflection, but also have a transverse bending and deformation.

Modeling and Analysis of Transitional Tube with Constant Sectional Area along Derivative Central Route

Firstly, sample square-circular transition tube along straight central route was modeled on CATIA software. The parameters are as follows： let the tube length is L, and the constant cross section area is S, and S = πR^2 = a2, in which R stands for the circle radius on one end, and a the square side length on the other end; set up the coordinate system with OX axis on the central route in which the origin O is on centroid of the square end and assume the cross section size at x as the square shaped with all four comers filleted in radius r which is proportional to x, that is, the linear slope of r is R/L, thus, both values r and square side length ax can be attained on the constant cross section area assumption. Secondly, some sample polygonal-circular transition tubes along straight, circular and helical central route were implemented similarly. Thirdly, numerical analysis of stress and displacement of these tubes were carried out on MSC/PATRAN software which are important to the distribution of turbulent flow and the layout of these transitional tube structures.

Analysis and experiment of cross-section flattening incoreless tube bending

In order to predict the flattening rate of the cross-section accurately during the tube ben- ding, the generation principle, the solution and the influence factor of the cross-section flattening were studied. On the basis of the plane-stress and the assumption that the plastic volume is con- stant, three-dimensionai strain formulas were established in consider of the cross-section flattening. Considering the wail-thickness change, the approximate calculation formulas of short axis flattening rate were deduced, with the outer diameter and the inner diameter as parameters. Because different materials have different cross-section flattening rates, a material correction factor was introduced to modify the formula based on experiments. Finally, the validity of the theoretical formulas was proved according to the calculation and the experiment results, which can provide a reference for the forming quality prediction in tube bending.

Deformation Calculation of Cross-section Based on Virtual Force in Thin-walled Tube Bending Process

Cross-section deformation is one of important factors affecting the quality of tube formation, and the tube＇s capability of transporting liquid and gas will be reduced because of the cross-section ellipse deformation due to the effect of shear load in plastic bending process. When the tube is bent, the extrados-wall bears the tension stress and the intrados-wall bears the compression stress, synchronously the cross-section is affected by the circumferential stress. According to the above, the distribution function and curve of tangential stress can be obtained according to force balance differential equations on circumferential direction and Trasca rule. Subsequently the real state and virtual state moment equations were established, a new method was presented adopting the virtual principle of deformation system to calculate the x-axis and y-axis displacement of arbitrary point on cross-section. So the major and minor axes of deformed cross-section can be calculated according to the displacements of each point, and the variety value of major and minor axes will be obtained further. Finally the theoretical calculating result is compared with NC tube rotary-bending experiment results to verify the rationality of theoretical analysis, and the cross-section deformation rule of thin-walled tube can be received.

地震作用下变截面钢管混凝土单桩动力响应

为了探讨桥梁位于软弱土层时,地震作用下变截面钢管混凝土桩基的动力响应,以翔安大桥为工程背景,利用FLAC3D有限元软件建立地震作用下桩-岩土体-钢管耦合作用的数值模型,研究在不同强度的地震作用下变截面钢管混凝土单桩和变截面普通混凝土单桩桩身加速度、桩身位移、桩身弯矩的动力响应差异.结果表明:变截面钢管混凝土单桩在地震作用下的桩身加速度、加速度放大系数、桩身位移最大值和桩身弯矩变化规律均同变截面普通混凝土单桩类似,但钢管使桩身加速度放大系数降低、桩基抵抗侧向变形能力和抗弯承载力提高.因此,钢管可以显著提升地震作用下桩基的抵抗变形能力和承载力.

Experiments on self-excited oscillation in a thin-walled collapsible tube

Self-excited oscillation in a collapsible tube is an important phenomenon in physiology. An experimental approach on self-excited oscillation in a thin-walled collapsi- ble tube is developed by using a high transmittance and low Young＇s modulus silicone rubber tube. The elastic tube is manufactured by the method of centrifugal casting in our laboratory. An optical method for recording the evolution of the cross-sectional areas at a certain position along the longitudinal direction of the tube is developed based on the technology of refractive index matching. With the transparent tube, the tube law is measured under the static no-flow condition. The cross section at the middle position of the tube transfers from a quasi-circular configuration to an ellipse, and then to a dumbell-shape as the chamber pressure is increased. During the self-excited oscillation, two periodic self-excited oscillating states and one transitional oscillating state are identified. They all belong to the LU mode. These different oscillating states are related to the initial cross-sectional shape of the tube caused by the difference of the downstream transmural pressure.

随动辊压型低应力精密断料教学实验平台开发

为了增强学生对先进成形装备及低应力精密断料技术的理解,开发了随动辊压型低应力精密断料教学实验平台。该实验平台综合利用机械设计、传感器技术及计算机控制技术,将应力集中效应和随动辊压技术引入管料的精密分离断料工序中,设计了管料断面质量评价方法,对带有V型槽的45#钢及304不锈钢管料进行了裂纹可控式低应力精密下料实验,验证了断料效果。该实验平台不仅使低应力断料过程更加直观,还提升了学生对低应力精密成形技术的认识,增强了学生对“机械制造工程基础”“切削原理与刀具”及“先进制造技术”等课程的学习兴趣。

内置型钢增强钢管约束钢筋混凝土柱节点抗震性能研究

采用钢管对传统RC柱进行约束,形成的钢管约束钢筋混凝土(STRC)柱具有优越的承载能力和耗能性能。但在应用于框架节点设计时,节点区域仍采用普通RC柱节点构造,可能导致节点处没有钢管约束而成为薄弱点,节点处易发生破坏。针对钢管约束钢筋混凝土(STRC)柱节点抗震性能薄弱的现状,提出采用内置型钢短柱进行增强。基于ABAQUS工作平台对具有相同构造形式的节点试件建立有限元模型,将数值计算所得破坏形态、滞回曲线和型钢应力与试验结果进行对比,两者吻合较好,在此基础上探讨内置型钢长度和轴压比对节点抗震性能的影响。结果表明:随着内置型钢长度增加,试件的承载力、极限位移和延性均有不同程度的提升,轴压比对试件受力性能影响较小。通过进一步分析试件的破坏机制、型钢抗弯性能和耗能能力,提出满足节点抗震性能需求的内置型钢长度建议取值。

V形截面管充液压制圆角充填行为研究

基于力学分析,利用有限元模拟和充液压制成形实验研究了V形截面管圆角成形所需内压。在不同内压下对成形管材壁厚的变化进行了充液压制实验研究。并通过理论计算选择合适的实验参数,成形出符合要求的扭力梁结构件。结果表明:圆角半径越小,成形所需内压越大;V形截面管内圆角半径随着内压的增加而减小,外圆角半径随着内压的增加而增大;V形截面管壁厚增厚主要发生在上侧圆角区,减薄主要发生下圆角区,并且最大减薄发生在下圆角中心区。

固井趾端滑套研制与现场试验

针对水平井桥塞射孔联作分压工艺首段采用连续油管传输射孔,存在施工费用高、作业时间长、特殊井况连续油管无法下入等问题,开展了固井趾端滑套技术研究。趾端滑套与油层套管一起下入固井完井,通过井口憋压开启即可进行首段压裂作业,同时为后续层段桥塞泵送提供液体通道。文章设计了趾端滑套完井压裂工具,抗内压强度132 MPa,开启压力可调,具有开启可靠、便于压裂等优点。室内试验合格后,在新疆油田玛湖地区超长水平井开展现场试验,完井作业过程中趾端滑套承压可靠,顺利完成固井施工;压裂作业过程中趾端滑套成功开启并完成首段压裂施工,解决了连续油管无法下入射孔的问题,同时节约作业时间1 d。结果表明,研制的固井趾端滑套可以满足现场作业需求,为水平井安全效益改造提供了一种有效手段。

无缝钢管张力减径工艺减径率分配修正模型理论研究

无缝钢管张力减径工艺减径率分配是孔型分配合理与否的关键步骤,但其分配仍依赖于经验公式。从金属流动的角度分析了减径率的分配规律,在经验的基础上提出了“三点两段统合式”减径率分配修正模型。将修正模型得到的结果与传统模型计算结果以及企业生产数据相比,发现变化趋势相近,减径率和减径量变化曲线更加光滑,应用于生产有利于金属流动。

珠海某超高层塔楼结构设计重难点及对策

珠海某超高层项目有两栋塔楼,其中148.9m高的公寓塔楼存在核心筒高宽比大、抗风刚度较弱、建筑外立面外扩的特点,249.5m高的办公塔楼存在建筑外立面外扩、中高区核心筒收进等特点。针对结构设计过程中的重难点,公寓楼利用避难层设混凝土加强梁,有效提高结构抗侧刚度,采用变截面柱的形式顺利实现竖向力的传递和建筑立面效果;对办公楼采用斜柱来实现外框柱位的过渡和立面的要求,为减少核心筒收进带来的刚度突变影响,采取在中区核心筒分阶渐变收进、在高区核心筒进一步收进后加强角部墙肢刚度的措施。弹性及弹塑性验算结果表明,结构满足预期的抗震性能目标C级要求,结构具有良好的抗震性能和抗侧刚度,各项结构措施合理可靠。

基于重叠网格的真空管道高速列车运行条件对温度场影响分析

为研究真空管道列车在运行时管道内的温度场与管道截面积、真空度和运行速度之间的关系,利用仿真软件Fluent,并结合重叠网格技术对不同列车运行速度、管道截面积和真空度进行仿真,分析了其对管道内和列车表面温度场的影响情况。研究结果表明,管道截面积的增加以及运行速度的降低会导致列车表面以及管道内温度降低;管道内真空度的增加对管道内温度场影响不大,但会使列车表面温度呈上升趋势。

电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土柱轴压性能研究

进行了14根电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的轴压试验,分析截面高宽比、受火时间和含钢率对其火灾后剩余承载力的影响。试验表明:该类短柱的破坏模态均为局部屈曲、焊缝开裂和混凝土被压碎;试件的剩余承载力随着受火时间或高宽比的增加而降低,受火120 min后该类试件的承载力降低了7.8%~13.9%。接着建立了有限元模型,该模型可很好地模拟实测结果。基于有限元模型开展了理论分析,结果表明初始荷载对该类组合柱的剩余承载力影响较小。参数分析表明当混凝土强度从30 MPa增加到90 MPa时,其强度折减系数降低了15.8%;当截面周长从1 228 mm增加到4 913 mm时,其强度折减系数提高了20.5%;当受火时间从0 min增加到180 min时,其强度折减系数降低了8%;但含钢率、高宽比和钢材强度对其强度折减的影响较小。最后给出了电力火灾后圆端形不锈钢管混凝土短柱的剩余承载力的设计方法。

车用变截面空心管材缩-扩成形规律研究

目为确定车用变截面空心管材缩-扩成形工艺影响因素,提高缩-扩成形工艺制备质量,利用Abaqus软件对车用变截面空心管材缩-扩成形过程进行数值模拟,研究不同工艺参数(合模力、润滑方案、成形速率)对成形过程的影响,确定最佳工艺参数。研究结果表明:合模力为20 kN、采用润滑油和润滑脂混合润滑、成形速率为1 mm/s时,变截面空心管材缩-扩成形均匀性较好,无缩口、起皱现象。针对仿真结果进行空心管材变截面缩-扩成形实验,实验结果与仿真结果基本一致,验证了此工艺参数组合的准确性,可为车用变截面空心管材高性能制造提供参考。

试论钢管+型钢组合钢筋支架在超厚筏板施工中的应用

针对超厚筏板施工中钢筋支架的稳定性和承载能力不足的问题,提出了一种钢管+型钢组合钢筋支架体系。论文结合实际案例,介绍了钢管+型钢组合钢筋支架的设计方案和施工工艺,并对组合钢筋支架在超厚筏板施工中的应用效果进行测试。研究结果表明,该组合钢筋支架能够提高超厚筏板施工的安全性和效率,并且相较于传统支架,在结构性能方面表现出明显优势。

3003Al-H14薄壁微小通道扁管波形冲压成形尺寸对截面变形的作用规律

薄壁微小通道波形扁管是建设新能源汽车锂电池组恒温系统的绝佳材料,成形尺寸是影响其冲压成形截面变形的关键因素。建立了实验验证的3003Al-H14微小通道薄壁扁管的波形冲压-回弹有限元模型。基于所建模型,研究了截面高度、管坯壁厚、内外面相对弯曲半径缩放系数等成形尺寸,对截面变形率和平均截面变形率的作用规律。研究发现:①横截面上边缘孔的截面变形率通常较大,其余孔的截面变形率相对较小且大小一致;纵截面上孔的截面变形率呈现波峰波谷高、中间段低的分布特点。②扁管的截面变形率随着截面高度增大而增大,当截面高度超过4 mm时,扁管内的筋显著弯折,横截面塌陷严重。③扁管的平均截面变形率随着壁厚增大呈指数函数下降;当壁厚等于0.1 mm时,所有截面都畸变严重,而当壁厚超过0.3 mm时,最大截面畸变率下降至24.71%。④内外面相对弯曲半径的缩放系数越大,则内外面的实际弯曲程度越小,平均截面变形率也越小。研究成果对薄壁微小通道波形扁管的精确成形具有科学意义和工程价值。