The current research overlaps a linguistic and a legal analysis of public international law in the Ukrainian case.Based on both official documents and public declarations,it explains the grounds for the wide range of ...The current research overlaps a linguistic and a legal analysis of public international law in the Ukrainian case.Based on both official documents and public declarations,it explains the grounds for the wide range of understandings that the two common concepts-peace and war-may be bearing depending of the angle of looking at the matter and depending on the actor invoking them.The study develops the reasons likely to have been considered by President Putin when insisting to refer to the Russian military action started in Ukraine in February 2022 as“special military operation”instead of“war”and the cardinal difference in terms of legal impact for such a linguistic choice.It also builds on the elements which could serve as a basis for achieving a deal in obtaining peace in Ukraine,while tackling on the possible geopolitical,public communication and diplomatic hurdles,and offering clues for strategic analysis of the matter.展开更多
Due to recent technological achievements,stochastic optimization,which inherently captures the uncertainty of intermittent resources,is being used to capture the variability and uncertainty of wind and solar resources...Due to recent technological achievements,stochastic optimization,which inherently captures the uncertainty of intermittent resources,is being used to capture the variability and uncertainty of wind and solar resources.However,due to persistent computational limitations,it is not practical to consider all possible variable generation scenarios.As a result,a reduced number of most likely scenarios is usually considered.While this helps reduce the computational burden,it also leaves the system operator vulnerable to some risk.In order to address this issue,this paper aims at providing insight into using an explicit reserve requirement in a stochastic modeling framework in order to provide system operators with greater confidence in stochastic dispatch solutions.This is accomplished by simulating a modified version of the IEEE 118 bus system in a fully stochastic,multi-timescale framework with flexibility reserve requirements.Results show that utilizing a stochastic flexibility reserve requirement within the stochastic modeling framework offers the most reliability benefit.展开更多
文摘The current research overlaps a linguistic and a legal analysis of public international law in the Ukrainian case.Based on both official documents and public declarations,it explains the grounds for the wide range of understandings that the two common concepts-peace and war-may be bearing depending of the angle of looking at the matter and depending on the actor invoking them.The study develops the reasons likely to have been considered by President Putin when insisting to refer to the Russian military action started in Ukraine in February 2022 as“special military operation”instead of“war”and the cardinal difference in terms of legal impact for such a linguistic choice.It also builds on the elements which could serve as a basis for achieving a deal in obtaining peace in Ukraine,while tackling on the possible geopolitical,public communication and diplomatic hurdles,and offering clues for strategic analysis of the matter.
基金supported by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory operated for DOE by the Alliance for Sustainable Energy,LLC under Contract No.DOE-AC36-08-GO28308.
文摘Due to recent technological achievements,stochastic optimization,which inherently captures the uncertainty of intermittent resources,is being used to capture the variability and uncertainty of wind and solar resources.However,due to persistent computational limitations,it is not practical to consider all possible variable generation scenarios.As a result,a reduced number of most likely scenarios is usually considered.While this helps reduce the computational burden,it also leaves the system operator vulnerable to some risk.In order to address this issue,this paper aims at providing insight into using an explicit reserve requirement in a stochastic modeling framework in order to provide system operators with greater confidence in stochastic dispatch solutions.This is accomplished by simulating a modified version of the IEEE 118 bus system in a fully stochastic,multi-timescale framework with flexibility reserve requirements.Results show that utilizing a stochastic flexibility reserve requirement within the stochastic modeling framework offers the most reliability benefit.
