This paper presents numerical simulations of dam-break flow over a movable bed. Two different mathematical models were compared: a fully coupled formulation of shallow water equations with erosion and deposition terms...This paper presents numerical simulations of dam-break flow over a movable bed. Two different mathematical models were compared: a fully coupled formulation of shallow water equations with erosion and deposition terms(a depth-averaged concentration flux model), and shallow water equations with a fully coupled Exner equation(a bed load flux model). Both models were discretized using the cell-centered finite volume method, and a second-order Godunov-type scheme was used to solve the equations. The numerical flux was calculated using a Harten, Lax, and van Leer approximate Riemann solver with the contact wave restored(HLLC). A novel slope source term treatment that considers the density change was introduced to the depth-averaged concentration flux model to obtain higher-order accuracy. A source term that accounts for the sediment flux was added to the bed load flux model to reflect the influence of sediment movement on the momentum of the water. In a onedimensional test case, a sensitivity study on different model parameters was carried out. For the depth-averaged concentration flux model,Manning's coefficient and sediment porosity values showed an almost linear relationship with the bottom change, and for the bed load flux model, the sediment porosity was identified as the most sensitive parameter. The capabilities and limitations of both model concepts are demonstrated in a benchmark experimental test case dealing with dam-break flow over variable bed topography.展开更多
This study sought to forecast water flow and sediment flux in the scheme as potential contributions for improved management in the Chókwè Irrigation Scheme (CIS). Fieldwork data was collected during dry (DS)...This study sought to forecast water flow and sediment flux in the scheme as potential contributions for improved management in the Chókwè Irrigation Scheme (CIS). Fieldwork data was collected during dry (DS) and wet (WS) seasons. Flow measurement was performed at 9 stations using a calibrated flow meter OTT C31. Water flow and sediment flux from 2004 to 2019 were used. Hydrodynamic forecast simulations were performed using Mann-Kendall test and ARIMA model for determination of temporal trends. Findings suggest higher values during DS for water discharge and sediment flux. Mann-Kendall test for sediment discharge trends was not significant at 95% significance level, except for the Offtake in WS. ARIMA test for the sediment discharges, at the Intake, for DS and WS, sediments were well described by the ARIMA model and gave a good result for the sediments. Good fit between the observed and the predicted ARIMA model was found. ARIMA model for sediment discharge at CIS based on AIC has a good fit for AR (p = 1), whereby, at the Intake the ARIMA p-value was 0.822 and 0.932, for WS and DS, respectively. Whilst in the Offtake, the ARIMA p-value was 0.877 and 0.893, respectively. These results can be used to improve the CIS management, both for water flow and sediment flux.展开更多
本文在海-气-浪-沉积输运耦合模式COAWST(The Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System)中,添加包含海洋飞沫效应的拖曳系数CD和热焓交换系数CK参数化方案,探讨海洋飞沫的动力学和热力学效应对热带气旋的影...本文在海-气-浪-沉积输运耦合模式COAWST(The Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System)中,添加包含海洋飞沫效应的拖曳系数CD和热焓交换系数CK参数化方案,探讨海洋飞沫的动力学和热力学效应对热带气旋的影响。数值实验结果表明,海洋飞沫效应可有效改进热带气旋的路径模拟结果;只考虑海洋飞沫动力学效应时,对海表动量通量的影响甚少,可使向上感热通量和潜热通量略有增加;同时考虑海洋飞沫动力学和热力学效应时,可使海表动量通量略有增加,并使向上感热通量和潜热通量显著增加,海洋飞沫主要通过热力学效应有效增加热带气旋强度,对热带气旋强度模拟的改进效果相比于仅考虑海洋飞沫动力学效应更显著。展开更多
文摘This paper presents numerical simulations of dam-break flow over a movable bed. Two different mathematical models were compared: a fully coupled formulation of shallow water equations with erosion and deposition terms(a depth-averaged concentration flux model), and shallow water equations with a fully coupled Exner equation(a bed load flux model). Both models were discretized using the cell-centered finite volume method, and a second-order Godunov-type scheme was used to solve the equations. The numerical flux was calculated using a Harten, Lax, and van Leer approximate Riemann solver with the contact wave restored(HLLC). A novel slope source term treatment that considers the density change was introduced to the depth-averaged concentration flux model to obtain higher-order accuracy. A source term that accounts for the sediment flux was added to the bed load flux model to reflect the influence of sediment movement on the momentum of the water. In a onedimensional test case, a sensitivity study on different model parameters was carried out. For the depth-averaged concentration flux model,Manning's coefficient and sediment porosity values showed an almost linear relationship with the bottom change, and for the bed load flux model, the sediment porosity was identified as the most sensitive parameter. The capabilities and limitations of both model concepts are demonstrated in a benchmark experimental test case dealing with dam-break flow over variable bed topography.
文摘This study sought to forecast water flow and sediment flux in the scheme as potential contributions for improved management in the Chókwè Irrigation Scheme (CIS). Fieldwork data was collected during dry (DS) and wet (WS) seasons. Flow measurement was performed at 9 stations using a calibrated flow meter OTT C31. Water flow and sediment flux from 2004 to 2019 were used. Hydrodynamic forecast simulations were performed using Mann-Kendall test and ARIMA model for determination of temporal trends. Findings suggest higher values during DS for water discharge and sediment flux. Mann-Kendall test for sediment discharge trends was not significant at 95% significance level, except for the Offtake in WS. ARIMA test for the sediment discharges, at the Intake, for DS and WS, sediments were well described by the ARIMA model and gave a good result for the sediments. Good fit between the observed and the predicted ARIMA model was found. ARIMA model for sediment discharge at CIS based on AIC has a good fit for AR (p = 1), whereby, at the Intake the ARIMA p-value was 0.822 and 0.932, for WS and DS, respectively. Whilst in the Offtake, the ARIMA p-value was 0.877 and 0.893, respectively. These results can be used to improve the CIS management, both for water flow and sediment flux.
文摘本文在海-气-浪-沉积输运耦合模式COAWST(The Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport Modeling System)中,添加包含海洋飞沫效应的拖曳系数CD和热焓交换系数CK参数化方案,探讨海洋飞沫的动力学和热力学效应对热带气旋的影响。数值实验结果表明,海洋飞沫效应可有效改进热带气旋的路径模拟结果;只考虑海洋飞沫动力学效应时,对海表动量通量的影响甚少,可使向上感热通量和潜热通量略有增加;同时考虑海洋飞沫动力学和热力学效应时,可使海表动量通量略有增加,并使向上感热通量和潜热通量显著增加,海洋飞沫主要通过热力学效应有效增加热带气旋强度,对热带气旋强度模拟的改进效果相比于仅考虑海洋飞沫动力学效应更显著。
