In recent years, research on spatial scale and scale transformation of eroded sediment transport has become a forefront field in current soil erosion research, but there are very few studies on the scale effect proble...In recent years, research on spatial scale and scale transformation of eroded sediment transport has become a forefront field in current soil erosion research, but there are very few studies on the scale effect problem in Karst regions of China. Here we quantitatively extracted five main factors influencing soil erosion, namely rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, vegetative cover and management, soil and water conservation, and slope length and steepness. Regression relations were built between these factors and also the sediment transport modulus and drainage area, so as to initially analyze and discuss scale effects on sediment transport in the Wujiang River Basin(WRB). The size and extent of soil erosion influencing factors in the WRB were gauged from: Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model(ASTER GDEM), precipitation data, land use, soil type and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) data from Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies(GIMMS) or Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR), and observed data from hydrometric stations. We find that scaling effects exist between the sediment transport modulus and the drainage area. Scaling effects are expressed after logarithmic transformation by a quadratic function regression relationship where the sediment transport modulus increases before decreasing, alongside changes in the drainage area. Among the five factors influencing soil erosion, slope length and steepness increases first and then decreases, alongside changes in the drainage area, and are the main factors determining the relationship between sediment transport modulus and drainage area. To eliminate the influence of scale effects on our results, we mapped the sediment yield modulus of the entire WRB, adopting a 1 000 km^2 standard area with a smaller fitting error for all sub-basins, and using the common Kriging interpolation method.展开更多
不同尺度的径流侵蚀输沙关系尚未明确,亟待深入研究。为了探究流域径流侵蚀输沙的时空变化特征,基于水蚀动力过程的径流侵蚀功率理论,运用Mann-Kendall法和线性回归法分析了无定河流域1956—2010年年径流侵蚀功率和年径流量的时空变化;...不同尺度的径流侵蚀输沙关系尚未明确,亟待深入研究。为了探究流域径流侵蚀输沙的时空变化特征,基于水蚀动力过程的径流侵蚀功率理论,运用Mann-Kendall法和线性回归法分析了无定河流域1956—2010年年径流侵蚀功率和年径流量的时空变化;利用Mann-Kendall突变点检验,识别出径流的突变年份,对比分析突变年份前后的年径流侵蚀功率和年径流量变化,分析建立了年径流侵蚀功率—输沙相关模型。结果表明:1956—2010年,无定河流域年径流量与年径流侵蚀功率有显著减小趋势,径流突变年份在1971—1985年。突变年份之前流域年径流侵蚀功率平均标准差高于突变年份后;突变年份之后年平均径流侵蚀功率比突变年份前平均减少1.05×10^-4 m 4/(s·km^2);年径流侵蚀功率随流域面积的增大而减小。流域径流侵蚀功率—输沙相关模型相关性显著(p<0.01)。研究阐明了无定河流域年径流侵蚀功率具有减少趋势,在空间上随流域面积增大而减少,在流域年尺度上径流侵蚀功率理论能够较好的表征径流侵蚀输沙关系。展开更多
基金generously supported by Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (41641011)National Geology and Mineral Resources Survey and Assessment Program (DDT0160087)
文摘In recent years, research on spatial scale and scale transformation of eroded sediment transport has become a forefront field in current soil erosion research, but there are very few studies on the scale effect problem in Karst regions of China. Here we quantitatively extracted five main factors influencing soil erosion, namely rainfall erosivity, soil erodibility, vegetative cover and management, soil and water conservation, and slope length and steepness. Regression relations were built between these factors and also the sediment transport modulus and drainage area, so as to initially analyze and discuss scale effects on sediment transport in the Wujiang River Basin(WRB). The size and extent of soil erosion influencing factors in the WRB were gauged from: Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer Global Digital Elevation Model(ASTER GDEM), precipitation data, land use, soil type and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) data from Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies(GIMMS) or Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer(AVHRR), and observed data from hydrometric stations. We find that scaling effects exist between the sediment transport modulus and the drainage area. Scaling effects are expressed after logarithmic transformation by a quadratic function regression relationship where the sediment transport modulus increases before decreasing, alongside changes in the drainage area. Among the five factors influencing soil erosion, slope length and steepness increases first and then decreases, alongside changes in the drainage area, and are the main factors determining the relationship between sediment transport modulus and drainage area. To eliminate the influence of scale effects on our results, we mapped the sediment yield modulus of the entire WRB, adopting a 1 000 km^2 standard area with a smaller fitting error for all sub-basins, and using the common Kriging interpolation method.
文摘不同尺度的径流侵蚀输沙关系尚未明确,亟待深入研究。为了探究流域径流侵蚀输沙的时空变化特征,基于水蚀动力过程的径流侵蚀功率理论,运用Mann-Kendall法和线性回归法分析了无定河流域1956—2010年年径流侵蚀功率和年径流量的时空变化;利用Mann-Kendall突变点检验,识别出径流的突变年份,对比分析突变年份前后的年径流侵蚀功率和年径流量变化,分析建立了年径流侵蚀功率—输沙相关模型。结果表明:1956—2010年,无定河流域年径流量与年径流侵蚀功率有显著减小趋势,径流突变年份在1971—1985年。突变年份之前流域年径流侵蚀功率平均标准差高于突变年份后;突变年份之后年平均径流侵蚀功率比突变年份前平均减少1.05×10^-4 m 4/(s·km^2);年径流侵蚀功率随流域面积的增大而减小。流域径流侵蚀功率—输沙相关模型相关性显著(p<0.01)。研究阐明了无定河流域年径流侵蚀功率具有减少趋势,在空间上随流域面积增大而减少,在流域年尺度上径流侵蚀功率理论能够较好的表征径流侵蚀输沙关系。