姜黄素-聚苯乙烯载药微球制备及其药物释放的研究

以苯乙烯为原料,分别采用种子溶胀法、悬浮法制备聚苯乙烯多孔微球,以聚苯乙烯多孔微球为载体,姜黄素为负载药物,制备出姜黄素-聚苯乙烯载药微球。考察微球质量、负载药物浓度、反应时间对微球载药率以及包封率的影响。结果表明,悬浮法、种子溶胀法制备的微球均有较好的载药功能,但种子溶胀法制备的多孔微球在载药和释药方面的效果更加显著。释放率试验分析,在10 h内累计缓释率仅达到18.2%,未出现突释的现象,该材料具有药物缓释的作用。

Use of seed gums from Tamarindus indica and Cassia fistula as controlled-release agents

Most seed gums have been widely used in oral and topical pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and food products because of their hydrophilic properties. Gums from Tamariudus indica and Cassia fistula seeds were chemically modified by carboxymethylation to improve their functionalities. The objective of the present study was to characterize and evaluate crude and carboxymethylated gums from T. indica and C. fistula seeds to achieve the controlled-release of diclofenac sodium(DS) in matrix tablet form. Both crude and carboxymethylated gums were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Xray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed that the gums were successfully modified by carboxymethylation and that the modified gums were amorphous in structure and had better flow properties. The carboxymethylated gums from both plant seeds did not exhibit cytotoxicity at concentrations lower than 0.5 mg/ml. All gum samples used as polymeric controlled-release agents were formulated into DS matrix tablets. Hardness and thickness tests were conducted as in-process tests. Drug content estimation and in vitro drug release studies were carried out to evaluate the matrix tablets. Increasing the concentration of gums increased compression time and hardness while it reduced the thickness. Furthermore, the results fitted well with the Korsmeyer–Peppas model. Moreover, the DS tablets were found to release the drug by super case II transport(relaxation). In summary, the carboxymethylated gum from T. indica and C. fistula seeds is an excellent, naturally sourced gum with high physicochemical and functional qualities, and can potentially be used in pharmaceutical applications as a disintegrant, diluent, and drug release-controlling agent.

Identification of a novel seed size associated locus SW9-1 in soybean

Seed size is one of the vital traits determining seed appearance, quality, and yield. Untangling the genetic mechanisms regulating soybean 100-seed weight (100-SW), seed length and seed width across environments may provide a theoretical basis for improving seed yield. However, there are few reports related to QTL mapping of 100-SW across multiple ecological regions. In this study, 21 loci associated with seed size traits were identified using a genome-wide association of 5361 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across three ecoregions in China, which could explain 8.12%–14.25% of the phenotypic variance respectively. A new locus, named as SW9-1 on chromosome 9 that explained 10.05%–10.93% of the seed weight variance was found significantly related to seed size traits, and was not previously reported. The selection effect analysis showed that SW9-1 locus has a relatively high phenotypic effect (13.67) on 100-SW, with a greater contribution by the accessions with bigger seeds (3.69) than the accessions with small seeds (1.66). Increases in seed weight were accompanied by increases in the frequency of SW9-1T allele, with >90% of the bred varieties with a 100-SW >30 g carrying SW9-1T. Analysis of SW9-1 allelic variation in additional soybean accessions showed that SW9-1T allele accounting for 13.83% of the wild accessions, while in 46.55% and 51.57% of the landraces and bred accessions, respectively, this results indicating that the SW9-1 locus has been subjected to artificial selection during the early stages of soybean breeding, especially the utilization of SW9-1T in edamame for big seed. These results suggest that SW9-1 is a novel and reliable locus associated with seed size traits, and might have an important implication for increasing soybean seed weight in molecular design breeding. Cloning this locus in future may provide new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying soybean seed size traits.

Variation in seed and seedling traits and their relations to geo-climatic factors among populations in Yunnan Pine(Pinus yunnanensis)

Differences in seed germination and seedling growth among populations of Pinus yunnanensis Franch. were quantified to provide information for use in the regeneration, reforestation, and improvement of this species. Seed germination and seedling growth traits at the nursery stage were investigated at the population level. We evaluated relationships between pairs of measured traits as well as the association between measured traits and geo- climatic variables including longitude, latitude, elevation, temperature and precipitation. Seedling growth showed significant differences although a low magnitude of variation was found in the seed germination traits among the populations. Some populations with strong and stable growth （e.g., the Baoshan population） may be selected as superior seed sources for regeneration and reforestation. Germination percentage was negatively correlated with elevation, and positively with precipitation. In addition, germination index, vigor index and seedling height were positively correlated with precipitation. Seed germination index, cotyledon number and length, and seedling diameter were significantly and positively correlated with seed weight. Strong correlations between pairs of traits will be helpful in early evaluations for the selection of certain prominent traits.

Lychee seed saponins improve cognitive function and ameliorate hippocampal neuronal injury in Alzheimer disease rat model induced by Aβ_(25-35) through AKT/GSK3β pathway

OBJECTIVE Lychee seed,a famous traditional Chinese medicine,recently were reported to improve the learning and memory abilities in mice.However,it is still unclear whether lychee seed saponins(LSS)can improve the cognitive function and associated mechanisms.METHODS In present studies,we established the Alzheimer disease(AD)model by injecting Aβ25-35 into the lateral ventricle of rats.Then the spatial learning and memory abilities of LSS-treated rats were evaluated with the Morris water maze,meanwhile the protein expressions of AKT,GSK3β and Tau in the hippocampal neuron were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.RESULTS The results showed LSS can improve the cognitive functions of AD rats through shortening the escape latency,increasing the number across the platform,platform quadrant dwell time and the percentage of the total distance run platform quadrant.The protein expression of AKT was significantly up-regulated and that of GSK3β and Tau were decreased remarkably in the hippocampal CA1 area.CONCLUSION Our study is the first to show that LSS significantly improve the cognitive function and prevent hippocampal neuronal injury of the rats with AD by activation of the PI3K/AKT/GSK3βsignaling pathway,suggesting LSS may be developed into the nutrient supplement for the treatment of AD.

Relationship between miR-7-5p expression and ^(125)I seed implantation efficacy in pancreatic cancer and functional analysis of target genes

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between miR-7-5p expression and intertissue-^(125)I irradiation sensitivity in pancreatic cancer tissues and to analyze the function of target genes.Methods Thirty-seven patients with unresectable pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)treated with radioactive ^(125)I seed implantation were enrolled.RT-PCR was used to detect the expression level of miR-7-5p in cancer tissues and analyze the relationship between miR-7-5p expression and ^(125)I radiation sensitivity.Bioinformatic software and online tools were used to predict the miR-7-5p target genes and analyze their functional annotation and pathway enrichment.Results Radioactive ^(125)I seed implantation was followed up for 2 months.The objective response rate of the miR-7-5p high expression group was 65.0%(13/20),whereas the objective response rate of the miR-7-5p low expression group was 5.88%(1/17),and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=13.654,P<0.001).A total of 187 target genes were predicted using three databases.GO functional annotation showed that target genes were mainly involved in cellular response to insulin stimulus,regulation of gene expression by genetic imprinting,cytosol,peptidyl-serine phosphorylation,bHLH transcription factor binding,cargo loading into vesicles,cellular response to epinephrine stimulus,and nucleoplasm.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis showed that target genes were mainly involved in the ErbB signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,axon guidance,longevity regulatory pathway,endocrine resistance,glioma,choline metabolism in cancer,and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor drug resistance.Molecular complex detection analysis by Cytoscape revealed that PIGH,RAF1,EGFR,NXT2,PIK3CD,PIK3R3,ERBB4,TRMT13,and C5orf22 were the key modules of miR-7-5p target gene clustering.Conclusion The expression of miR-7-5p in pancreatic cancer tissues positively correlated with the radiosensitivity of ^(125)I seeds.Via targeted gene regulation,miR-7-5p acts on the network of multiple signaling pathways in PDAC and participates in its occurrence and development.Thus,miR-7-5p may become a predictive index of ^(125)I seed implantation therapy sensitivity in PDAC patients.

Innovative use of intact seeds of Mucuna monosperma Wight for improved yield of L-DOPA

The drug L-DOPA has been widely used against Parkinson's disease and is extracted from plants.Due to the increasing demand of this drug,new plant sources need to be discovered in addition to the existing sources.The paper embodies results on Mucuna monosperma,which can be a promising candidate for L-DOPA.The seed powder of this plant contains 5.48%of(dry weight)the drug and when the seeds were soaked in distilled water,content was increased to 6.58%.Different elicitors when added,enhanced the drug level in seed up to 11.8%.The possible rationale behind this increase was confirmed by increase in tyrosinase activity in the seeds.Presence of L-DOPA was confirmed using various analytical techniques as HPLC,HPTLC and NMR.The work demonstrates a potential candidate plant as a source for L-DOPA when a novel method was adopted as described here.

Quantitative Trait Loci Underlying Seed Sugars Content in “MD96-5722” by “Spencer” Recombinant Inbred Line Population of Soybean

Sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose are important soluble sugars in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] seeds. Seed sucrose is a desirable trait for taste and flavor. Raffinose and stachyose are undesirable in diets of monogastric animals, acting as anti-nutritional factors that cause flatulence and abdominal discomfort. Therefore, reducing raffinose and stachyose biosynthesis is considered as a key quality trait goal in soy food and feed industries. The objective of this study was to identify genomic regions containing quantitative trait loci (QTL) controlling sucrose, raffinose, and stachyose in a set of 92 F5:7 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between the lines “MD96-5722” and “Spencer” by using 5376 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) markers from the Illumina Infinium SoySNP6K BeadChip array. Fourteen significant QTL were identified and mapped on eight different linkage groups (LGs) and chromosomes (Chr). Three QTL for seed sucrose content were identified on LGs N (Chr3), K (Chr9), and E (Chr15). Seven QTL were identified for raffinose content on LGs D1a (Chr1), N (Chr3), C2 (Chr6), K (Chr9), B2 (Chr14), and J (Chr16). Four QTL for stachyose content were identified on LG D1a (Chr1), C2 (Chr6), H (Chr12), and B2 (Chr14). Selection for beneficial alleles of these QTLs could facilitate breeding strategies to develop soybean lines with higher concentrations of sucrose and lower levels of raffinose and stachyose.

种子溶胀聚合制备苯乙烯-二乙烯苯多孔交联微球

以苯乙烯分散聚合制备单分散种子微球（PS）,再用超声分散改进的二步种子溶胀聚合制备了聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯（PSt-DVB）多孔微球.用光学显微镜、扫描电镜（SEM）和比表面积孔径分布测定仪（BET）等对种子微球和多孔微球的表面形貌及孔结构进行了表征.结果表明,随分散介质极性的增大,所得PS种子微球的粒径变小,相对分子质量增大;固定种子微球用量,随着DBP和DVB用量的增加,交联微球比表面积上升、孔径下降.以乙醇为介质制备种子微球,当DBP体积为1.0 mL,DVB体积为8～10 mL时,能够得到4～7 μm单分散性良好的多孔PSt-DVB微球.

微米级多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的制备、改性及应用综述

微米级多孔聚合物微球作为一种新型功能材料,是目前高分子材料领域的一大研究热点。微球粒径通常在1μm至数百微米,干燥状态下内部有几埃甚至几千埃的孔隙,具有球形度好、比表面积大、骨架密度低、吸附性强、力学强度高、与不同极性的有机溶剂兼容性好等诸多优点,在生物医学、分析化学、环境保护、催化剂载体以及电子产品等领域中有十分广阔的应用前景。其中多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球除了具有高分子微球的一般特点外,还有物理及化学稳定性好、热稳定性好、生产成本低、工业应用前景广等优点,同时微球的苯环反应活性高,易于进行一系列的功能化反应,从而扩大其应用领域。基于上述优点,多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球是目前应用最多的多孔聚合物微球。广阔的应用前景和市场,使得多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的制备和功能化成为国内外学者研究的热点,并取得了令人瞩目的发展。在过去的几十年中逐渐出现了多种微球制备方法。悬浮聚合法是制备多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的传统方法,其操作简单,产物后处理方便,但是得到的微球粒径呈多分散性。种子溶胀法被普遍认为是制备单分散多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球较好的方法,该方法在制备表面功能化、单分散大粒径的聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球方面具有明显优势。沉淀聚合法也可以用来制备单分散的微球,但是该方法制备的微球交联度低、产量低,而且不易制备具有多孔结构的功能性微球。近几年利用微工程乳化技术制备微球的报道越来越多,包括微孔膜/微通道乳化法和微流控技术。这类方法制备的聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球单分散性良好,粒径、孔径等重现性好,为制备多孔聚合物微球开辟了新的方向。与此同时很多研究者致力于功能性多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的开发,通过在微球上引入各种功能基团改善微球的疏水性、溶解性和生物亲和性等,制得的不同特性的微球可应用于高效色谱填料、催化剂载体、生物医学、吸附剂等领域。本文首次详尽地分析和综述了微米级多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的制备方法和改性方法,讨论了影响微球孔径及孔分布的重要因素,并总结了该类微球近几年的应用研究状况,最后对多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球的发展前景进行了展望。

负载对苯二酚的聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯交联微球的制备及缓释行为(英文)

采用超声波改进的二步种子溶胀法制备粒径2.4～9μm的多孔聚苯乙烯-二乙烯苯微球,单分散的聚苯乙烯微球由分散聚合制备并以其作为种球。论文考察了种球类型、超声分散时间、种球和溶胀剂以及交联单体比率等因素对多孔微球形貌及孔结构的影响,并采用扫描电镜、BET等手段对微球性能进行了表征。研究发现超声辅助分散的引入可使产物的粒径分布更窄并将第一步溶胀时间由传统的24h缩短至10h。实验结果表明:种球的单分散性对最终产物的形貌有决定性影响,它的任何形貌缺陷都将在最终产物中被扩大;随着溶胀剂/种球比率和交联单体/种球比率的增加,最终产物的粒径和比表面积增大,孔径减小。以对苯二酚为模型组分,考察其在制得的多孔微球上的缓释行为,发现制得的多孔聚合物微球在用作化妆品活性组分载体时,表现出良好的缓释性能。

茶籽油对体外受精-胚胎移植患者术后肌注黄体酮局部红肿及硬结的预防效果观察

目的探究茶籽油按摩加热敷对体外受精-胚胎移植(IVF-ET)患者术后肌内注射(肌注)黄体酮局部红肿及硬结的预防效果。方法 100例IVF-ET术后肌注黄体酮患者,按取卵时间先后分为对照组(2016年3月～2017年2月取卵)和观察组(2017年3月～2018年2月取卵),每组50例。对照组患者肌注黄体酮后采用常规热毛巾热敷方法 ,观察组患者肌注黄体酮后采用茶籽油按摩加热敷方法。比较两组患者局部组织红肿、皮下组织硬结发生情况。结果观察组患者局部红肿发生率为6.0%、皮下硬结发生率为10.0%,均显著低于对照组的48.0%、52.0%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论茶籽油按摩加热敷的护理方法可有效减少肌注黄体酮后局部红肿及硬结的发生,减轻患者疼痛。

分散聚合-种子溶胀聚合法制备中空微球的研究

采用分散聚合法制备聚苯乙烯(PSt)。以甲苯-正辛醇作致孔溶剂,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,PSt为单分散种球,反应单体苯乙烯和交联单体二乙烯基苯(DVB)通过种子溶胀聚合法,在水介质中制备了呈单分散的中空聚合物微球[P(St-DVB),粒径5μm^8μm],其形态及热力学行为经SEM,DSC和TGA表征。讨论了DVB用量及溶剂组成对P(St-DVB)形态的影响。

基于CNN时-空卷积优化的EM-EEG识别方法研究

针对当前情绪脑电信号(emotion electroencephalogram,EM-EEG)识别研究中时间域信息的时间尺度难以把握和空间域信息易被忽视致使辨识率停滞不前,以及采集EM-EEG时通道过多导致信息冗余和信息处理成本增加等问题,提出了基于CNN的时-空卷积优化融合网络进行EM-EEG识别研究。该融合网络由提取EM-EEG时域信息的长卷积(long convolution,L-Conv)CNN和提取EM-EEG空域信息的CNN并联组成,在CNN模型时-空优化中使用粒子群算法(particle swarm optimization,PSO)对时域CNN中的L-Conv尺度进行了优化,并使用短时功率谱(short time power spectrum,STPS)的相关分析方法进行空域CNN模型通道数目优化,深层且有效地提取了EEG中的时间域和空间域特征。结果表明,提出的时-空卷积优化融合CNN在SEED IV数据集上对平和、悲伤、恐惧、高兴4种情绪最终准确率可以达到90.13%,相比传统单一CNN的识别准确率提高了4.76%,并且通道数目由62路降低至33路,缩减了46.77%,证实了本方法的可行性。

N-BOC-L-色氨酸分子印迹聚合物的手性拆分

以分散聚合法制备的聚苯乙烯微球为种子,采用单步溶胀悬浮聚合法,N-BOC-L-色氨酸为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,在水相中成功制备了分子印迹聚合物微球,吸附实验表明,印迹聚合物对模板N-BOC-L-色氨酸有良好的吸附性,该聚合物作为液谱固定相,实现了模板与其对映体的快速基线分离。

聚NVP-DVB单分散共聚微球的制备及其应用研究

以二乙烯苯（DVB）、N-乙烯基吡咯烷酮（NVP）、丙烯酸甲酯（MA）、甲基丙烯酸甲酯（MMA）为共聚单体,采用种子溶胀聚合法合成了一系列聚NVP-DVB单分散共聚微球。采用扫描电镜和比表面测定仪对共聚微球进行了表征。同时以3种性质不同的化合物为模型,采用SPE-HPLC对自制的共聚填料进行了系统的评价,并应用于化妆品中糖皮质激素的检测分析。结果表明：2#共聚微球对三种化合物的回收率在95.24%~100.53%之间,优于其它共聚微球;NVP-DVB用于对膏状化妆品（护手霜）中的11中糖皮质激素进行检测,回收率和相对偏差均符合生物样品分析要求。

Green and efficient dry gel conversion synthesis of SAPO-34 catalyst with plate-like morphology

SAPO-34 catalyst with plate-like morphology was designed and synthesized for the first time, by the dry gel conversion method using cheap triethylamine as a structure-directing agent assisted with seed suspension containing nanosheet-like SAPO-34 seed. The latter played an important role in formation of SAPO-34 （CHA-type） with plate-like morphology. In addition, the yield of the product in the synthesis system containing seed suspension reached 97%, 15% higher than that obtained in the corre- sponding synthesis system without the seed suspension. Meanwhile, the plate-like SAPO-34 catalysts synthesized by this method exhibited higher selectivity to light olefins and longer lifetime in methanol-to-olefins （MTO） reaction than the traditional cubic SAPO-34 catalyst. This work provides a new technical route for green and efficient synthesis of SAPO-34 catalysts with improved MTO performance.

Effects of Hemp seed soft capsule on colonic ion transport in rats

AIM To investigate the effect of Hemp seed soft capsule(HSCC) on colonic ion transport and its related mechanisms in constipation rats.METHODS Sprague-Dawley male rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal group, constipation group and HSSC group. Rats in the constipation and HSSC groups were administrated loperamide 3 mg/kg per day orally for 12 d to induce the constipation model. Then, the HSSC group was given HSSC 0.126 g/kg per day by gavage for 7 d. The normal and constipation groups were treated with distilled water. After the treatment, the fecal wet weight and water content were measured. The basal short-circuit current(Isc) and resistance were measured by an Ussing Chamber. Besides the in vivo drug delivery experiment above, an in vitro drug application experiment was also conducted. The accumulative concentrations of HSSC(0.1 mg/m L, 0.5 mg/m L, 1.0 mg/m L, 2.5 mg/m L, 5.0 mg/m L, 10.0 mg/m L and 25.0 mg/m L) were added to the normal isolatedcolonic mucosa and the Isc was recorded. Further, after the application of either ion(Cl^-or HCO_3^-) substitution, ion channel-related inhibitor(N-phenylanthranilic acid, glybenclamide, 4,4-diisothiocyano-2,2-stilbenedisulfonic acid or bumetanide) or neural pathway inhibitor [tetrodotoxin(TTX), atropine, or hexamethonium], the Isc induced by HSSC was also measured. RESULTS In the constipation group, the fecal wet weight and the water content were decreased in comparison with the normal group(P < 0.01). After the treatment with HSSC, the fecal wet weight and the water content in the HSSC group were increased, compared with the constipation group(P < 0.01). In the constipation group, the basal Isc was decreased and resistance was increased, in comparison with the normal group(P < 0.01). After the treatment with HSSC, the basal Isc was increased(P < 0.05) and resistance was decreased(P < 0.01) in the HSSC group compared with the constipation group. In the in vitro experiment, beginning with the concentration of 1.0 mg/m L, differences in Isc were found between the experimental mucosa(with HSSC added) and control mucosa. The Isc of experimental mucosa was higher than that of control mucosa under the same concentration(1.0 mg/m L, P < 0.05; 2.5-25 mg/m L, P < 0.01). After the Cl^-or HCO_3^-removal and pretreated with different inhibitors(c AMPdependent and Ca^(2+)-dependent Cl^-channels, Na^+-K^+-2 Cl^-cotransporter(NKCC), Na^+-HCO_3^-cotransporter or Cl^-/HCO_3^-exchanger inhibitor), there were differences between experimental mucosa and control mucosa; the Isc of experimental mucosa was lower than that of control mucosa under the same concentration(P < 0.05). Meanwhile, after pretreatment with neural pathway inhibitor(TTX, atropine, or hexamethonium), there were no differences between experimental mucosa and control mucosa under the same concentration(P > 0.05).CONCLUSION HSSC ameliorates constipation by increasing colonic secretion, which is mediated via the coaction of c AMPdependent and Ca^(2+)-dependent Cl^-channels, NKCC, Na^+-HCO_3^-cotransporter or Cl^-/HCO_3^-exchanger.

Low Doses of Ionized Radiation and Hypomagnetic Field Alter Redox Properties of Water and Physiological Characteristics of Seeds of the Highest Plants

The influence of a 40-fold attenuated geomagnetic field and its combined action with low doses of α- and γ-irradiation on the physiological characteristics of seeds of the highest plants and redox properties of water was investigated. It established the reduction of seed germination both under direct and indirect effects due to water action of attenuated geomagnetic field. A negative effect of hypomagnetic field on grown characteristics of seeds under indirect effect via water was decreased by the low doses of γ-irradiation, and was increased by low doses of α-irradiation, i.e. ionized radiation was the dominant factor in their combined action. It was revealed the increasing of the value of the oxidation-reduction potential of water under the influence of low-intensive α-ir-radiation (239Pu), γ-irradiation (137Cs) and also that the magnetic induction attenuated pointing to a natural decline. The increasing of the oxidation-reduction potential value testifies about “the regular decreasing of internal energy of water molecules” and the increasing of its oxidative properties, which, in our opinion, is caused the inhibition of the germination of seeds. It is supposed that namely water is the main component in the effects of studying factors on bio-objects, which acts due to the alterations of the properties and structural content of water.

不同处理对神黄豆种子发芽的影响

用剪刀剪、锉子锉、与瓜子石混搓等机械处理法以及用5%氢氧化钾、98%浓硫酸等化学处理法对神黄豆种子进行预处理,3倍种子体积沸水浸泡并自然冷却浸种48 h,观察并统计种子吸胀粒数、种皮破裂数后置床进行发芽测定。结果表明,除与瓜子石混搓处理外,其余处理均能促进种子吸水膨胀,显著提高神黄豆种子发芽率。其中以98%浓硫酸浸泡2 h处理效果最好,其吸胀率达98.0%、发芽率最高,达88.3%,吸胀破皮率、不正常发芽率均为0%;其次是锉子锉处理效果好,其吸胀率达99.0%,发芽率可达84.7%,吸胀破皮率、不正常发芽率均为0%;用5%氢氧化钾进行浸泡处理,对种子发芽有一定的促进作用,但发芽不整齐,发芽速度慢,处理14 d吸胀率为59.7%、发芽率最高为48.0%;与瓜子石混搓处理效果相对较差,对神黄豆种子发芽的促进作用不明显,吸胀率为5.0%、发芽率为5.0%。