Seed Germination and Effects of Three Watering Regimes on the Growth of <i>Dialium guineense</i>(Wild) Seedlings

The effectiveness of three pre-germination treatments in breaking dormancy of the seeds of Dialum guineense and effects of three watering regimes on the growth performance of the seedlings were investigated. The pre-germination treatments were: soaking in hot water for 10 seconds and cooling down in cold water (T1), soaking in cold water for 24 hours (T2), soaking in running water for 48 hours (T3) and control (T4), while watering regimes include: watering once daily in the morning (W1), watering once every two days in the morning (W2) and watering once every three days in the morning (W3). The results showed that germination occurred first at 5 days after sowing (5 DAS) among the seeds soaked in cold water for 24 hours before sowing (T2), while the untreated seeds (control) took the longest period of 12 days before germination occurred. T1 had the highest germination value of 49.6% while T3 had the least of 31.2%. The effects of watering regimes were found to be significantly different on stem-collar diameter, leaf area and total dry weight (P < 0.05). The least significant difference (LSD) test showed that W2 and W3 supported the best growth performance. It is concluded from the results that T2 should be adopted for breaking the dormancy of Dialium guineense seeds and watering interval of three days would not dispose the seedlings to water-stress.

Effect of different pre-sowing treatments on seed germination percentage and growth performance of Acacia auriculiformis

Seed morphology,germination and seedlings growth of Acacia auriculiformis were studied.The experiment was conducted in the nursery of Forestry and Wood Technology Discipline,Khulna University,Bangladesh.Matured seeds of the species were collected from healthy trees of road side plantation from different areas of Khulna District,Bangladesh and treated with five pre-sowing treatments（control,immersion in cold water,immersion in hot water,scarification with sand paper and immersion in concentrated H2SO4）.The average length,breadth and thickness were found to be（0.58±0.017） cm,（0.44±0.007） cm and（0.20±0.089） cm,respectively.Germination was conducted in polybags with a mixture of top soil,coconut husk,coarse sand,and fine sand in a ratio of 3：4：1：1.Results reveal that pre-sowing treatments influences the germination rates of seeds that significantly increase the percentage germination compared with those in control（43%） and cold water treatment（52%）.The highest germination success rate was found 83% in hot water treatment followed by 78% in scarification with sand paper,and 75% with immersion in H2SO4.Germination started from 7 to 12 days and completed between 28 and 35 days period in all treatments.ANOVA showed the significant difference（p0.05） among the treatments in seed germination,but no significant difference among treatment with regard to starting day,closing day and total germination period.In case of height and diameter growth,seedlings originated from the seeds with hot water treatment shows significantly higher in wet season（from May to July）.Hot water treatment can be recommended on seed germination of the species in rural Bangladesh.

Seedling Culture of Kalopanax septemlobus

Experiments on temperature-accelerated germination. seeding quantity, and optimum density of seedlings were made for Kalopanax septemlobus. The experimental results indicated that the seeds of kalopananx septemlobus had physiological dormancy because of unmature embryo and existence of inhibitory matter in the seed. Temperature-accelerated germination was a preferable and essential way to assure the germination. Seed dormancy could be overcome through accelerating germination. Firstly, warm treatment should be done, morphological maturity occurred, then, followed by lower temperature treatment, reaching physiological maturity, Seeding quantity, optimum density and the relations between density of seedlings and yield were studied.

栓皮栎种子贮藏物质和内源激素对萌发成苗的影响

【目的】分析栓皮栎大、中、小粒种子的萌发出苗特性,解析种子贮藏物质和内源激素影响其萌发出苗特性的生理机制,从种子规格角度阐明栓皮栎的更新策略。【方法】称量采集的5 000粒种子的单粒质量,聚类分成大粒(Ⅰ)、中粒(Ⅱ)和小粒(Ⅲ)共3个规格等级,后于人工气候培养箱育种并观测萌发出苗动态。采用酶解法测定种子可溶性糖与淀粉含量,考马斯亮蓝G-250染色法测定可溶性蛋白含量,高效液相色谱法测定赤霉素(GA_(3))、脱落酸(ABA)、吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量,并利用主成分分析法探究影响种子萌发与出苗的主要因素。【结果】(1)栓皮栎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级种子数量所占比例分别为23.82%、42.78%、33.40%。不同规格种子的淀粉、可溶性蛋白、ABA含量均值存在显著差异,Ⅰ级种子的淀粉含量均值分别是Ⅱ、Ⅲ级种子的2.02、2.37倍;Ⅰ级种子的可溶性蛋白含量均值分别是Ⅱ、Ⅲ级种子的1.05、1.87倍,Ⅰ级种子ABA的含量分别是Ⅱ、Ⅲ级种子的0.86、0.60倍。(2)种子萌发出苗试验结果显示:Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ级种子累计萌发率分别为91%、84%、77%,累计出苗率分别为90%、81%、70%,萌发未出苗的种子比例分别占1%、3%、9%,萌发至出苗结束所需天数分别为17、18、23 d。(3)主成分分析结果显示:贮藏物质与植物激素对种子萌发出苗均具有一定影响,以ABA与可溶性蛋白含量影响最为显著。【结论】栓皮栎规格大的种子所占比例小,萌发和出苗速度快,萌发和出苗率高,规格小的种子则相反,资源分配与萌发特性存在权衡;不同规格大小的种子萌发出苗之间的差异受到贮藏物质以及植物激素的影响。因此,人工培育苗木时,先将种子分级后再播种可提高苗木整齐性,降低挑苗、分级育苗的人工成本。

Depletion of an Artificial Seed Bank of Palmer Amaranth (<i>Amaranthus palmeri</i>) over Four Years of Burial

An artificial seed bank study was conducted at Pendleton, SC, USA, to investigate the persistence of Palmer amaranth seeds buried uniformly across a 10-cm depth in soil inside polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cylindrical pipes over 4 years. The experiment was conducted using a split-plot design, with year as the main plot factor and with or without soil disturbance (shallow tillage to a depth of 10 cm) as the subplot factor. Annual soil disturbance through tillage in the spring stimulated emergence during the first and second year after burial. A total of 0.5% to 0.8% of the seed bank emerged during the 4-yr burial period, and 99% or more of the 4-yr total emergence occurred during the first two years of burial. Seeds retrieved from 0 to 5 cm and 5 to 10 cm depths did not differ in viability. Soil disturbance influenced the decline of the artificial seed bank at least in the first year, with fewer viable seeds remaining in annually-disturbed plots. Regardless of soil disturbance, a small fraction of seeds (0.01% to 0.03% of original seed bank) remained viable in the soil after four years of burial. In conclusion, Palmer amaranth seeds buried across a 10 cm soil depth in the artificial seed bank had low persistence, which implies that burial may aid management of the weed seed bank.

水稻田糠稷种子萌发和出苗特性及化学防除药剂筛选

【目的】糠稷已成为我国局部水稻田主要恶性杂草之一。明确糠稷的种子萌发和出苗特性,探索化学防除技术具有重要意义。【方法】通过室内及温室试验,测定了温度、光照、盐和渗透胁迫、水层深度、土层深度对糠稷种子萌发及出苗的影响,并评估了水稻田常用苗前封闭和苗后茎叶除草剂对糠稷的防效。【结果】1)糠稷种子在20/10℃(昼/夜)~35/25℃温度范围萌发率均大于95%,且光照/黑暗交替处理的萌发率大于持续黑暗处理。糠稷萌发率随水势降低而下降,−0.35 MPa的水势对其种子萌发的抑制率达50%。250 mmol/L NaCl处理后糠稷萌发率大于50%,表明其耐盐胁迫能力较强。2)糠稷仅能在0~0.5 cm土层深度萌发出苗,播种深度大于0.5 cm时未见其出苗。水层大于2 cm时糠稷幼苗无法长出水面。3)在田间推荐剂量下,丙草胺、丁草胺、噁草酮、丙炔噁草酮和双唑草腈苗前土壤喷雾对糠稷防效100%,氯氟吡啶酯、五氟磺草胺、双草醚、氰氟草酯、噁唑酰草胺和精噁唑禾草灵可防除95%以上2~4叶期糠稷,在糠稷6叶期时选用噁唑酰草胺和精噁唑禾草灵,防治效果亦可达到90%以上。【结论】明确了环境因子对糠稷种子萌发和出苗的影响及稻田除草剂对该杂草防除效果,表明通过耕作将糠稷种子带入深土层,在幼苗早期保持水层,根据其不同叶龄选择适宜除草剂,可有效治理水稻田糠稷。

水稻种子萌发出苗研究及直播生产上相关难题

水稻的出苗过程经过了种子的吸胀、萌动、发芽、出苗等阶段,涉及种子细胞活化修复、物质分解与代谢、能量代谢等生理生化活动,其调控网络十分复杂。本文在简要介绍种子萌发和出苗过程、生理生化活动的基础上,分析了影响种子萌发出苗的因素,提出了直播稻生产上与种子萌发和出苗相关的难题,即直播稻芽苗期遇到淹水和低温胁迫困扰直播稻的一次性全苗问题。

陆稻早期幼苗陆生适应性鉴定及综合评价

【目的】鉴定陆稻种质资源早期幼苗的陆生适应性,筛选出具备低水分胁迫萌发、深土出苗能力的优势种质资源,为培育具有优良陆生适应性的新品种提供种质资源和参考依据。【方法】在150 g/L乙二醇(PEG6000)模拟低水分胁迫及8 cm深土壤播种条件下,评价‘黄华占’‘龙粳39’‘京越1号’等24份水稻和‘陆引46’‘IRAT318’‘IRAT11’等24份陆稻改良品种的陆生适应性指标,同时对246份地方陆稻种质资源进行相关指标测定。通过主成分分析、隶属函数和陆生适应性综合评价值对参试种质资源进行评价,并利用聚类分析进行分类。【结果】在低水分胁迫条件下,典型水、陆稻品种的相对发芽率、发芽势、根长、芽长、根数均存在极显著差异,可作为陆稻早期幼苗陆生适应性的鉴定指标。在深土播种条件下,根长、芽长、中胚轴长和胚芽鞘长对幼苗出土起着主效作用。根据它们陆生适应性的差异,可将294份供试材料的陆生适应性划分为极强型(Ⅰ类)、强型(Ⅱ类)、中间型(Ⅲ类)、弱型(Ⅳ类)和极弱型(Ⅴ类)5类,最终筛选出7份陆生适应性强的种质资源。【结论】本研究初步确定了陆稻早期幼苗的陆生适应性鉴定指标,并对云南地方陆稻进行综合评价,可为旱直播稻新品种的培育提供基础。

Ecological role of physical dormancy in seeds of Oxytropis racemosa in a semiarid sandland with unpredictable rainfall

Aims Seed dormancy and the soil seed bank are crucial to plant regeneration strategy,especially in semiarid ecosystems with unpredictable precipi-tation.the aim of this study was to investigate how seed dormancy is controlled by environmental factors and how it is correlated with the soil seed bank and regeneration of the perennial legume Oxytropis race-mosa,a dominant perennial herb in Mu Us Sandland of semiarid China.Methods Germination and imbibition experiments on fresh intact and scarified seeds of O.racemosa were used to identify physical dormancy(PY)in seeds of this species.Soil seed bank dynamics,timing of seedling emer-gence and the fate of buried seeds in the natural habitat were investigated.Important Findings PY was broken by mechanical scarification or wet heat/ice water cycles but not solely by dry heat or wet heat treatment.the soil seed bank exhibited seasonal changes in the number of seeds,which was highest in September and lowest in July.Seeds buried at different sand depths gradually lost dormancy;20-42%of the seeds remained dormant after 20 months of burial.Dormancy break occurs grad-ually throughout the year.Our results indicate that O.racemosa exhibits hardcoatedness heterogeneity that spreads germination of a seed cohort between seasons and years in the semiarid environ-ment,where the amount of precipitation during the growing season is highly variable.

水稻种子活力测定方法比较研究

以3个杂交水稻品种,每品种3个不同活力水平的种子批为试验材料,比较了幼苗生长测定、发芽速率测定、加速老化试验、抗冷测定、低温发芽试验、模拟发芽试验和标准发芽试验这7种种子活力测定方法,并结合田间出苗试验,对这些方法测定的结果进行分析。结果表明,荃两优丝苗(S1、S2、S3)加速老化试验的发芽率与田间出苗率几乎一致,新两优611(S4、S5、S6)两者一致性也较高,而荃优153(S7、S8、S9)加速老化试验的发芽率普遍比田间出苗率低,但也表现出一定相关性。可初步判断荃两优丝苗和新两优611可用加速老化试验测定的发芽率作为活力指标来反映田间出苗率。抗冷测定和低温发芽试验方法测定的发芽率基本一致,两者的发芽率大多都较田间出苗率高。荃优153用上述2种方法测定的发芽率与田间出苗率相关性较高,基本一致,因而可用抗冷测定和低温发芽试验方法测定荃优153种子活力。

沙埋和种子大小对柠条锦鸡儿种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长的影响

研究了沙埋深度和种子大小对内蒙古毛乌素沙地植被群落中占优势的柠条锦鸡儿(Caragana korshinskii Kom.)种子萌发、出苗、幼苗存活和生长的影响。结果表明,沙埋深度显著影响柠条锦鸡儿的种子萌发率、休眠率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量。在0.5—2 cm的浅层沙埋下,种子萌发率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量最高,休眠率最低;沙埋深度≥4 cm时,柠条锦鸡儿的种子萌发率、出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量随着沙埋深度增加显著降低,而休眠率却显著升高;沙埋深度≥12 cm时,柠条锦鸡儿种子不能够出苗,幼苗也不能够存活。种子大小对柠条锦鸡儿种子萌发率没有显著影响,但对出苗率、幼苗存活率及生物量影响显著。在各个沙埋深度下,不同大小的柠条锦鸡儿种子间的萌发率没有显著差异。当沙埋深度≤6 cm时,不同大小的柠条锦鸡儿种子在同一沙埋深度下的出苗率间没有显著差异;但当沙埋深度≥8 cm时,在同一沙埋深度下,大种子的出苗率显著高于中种子和小种子的出苗率,而中种子和小种子出苗率间没有显著差异。0.5—10 cm的沙埋深度中,除6 cm和8 cm深度下中种子和小种子萌发幼苗的生物量间没有显著差异外,其余深度下,大种子萌发的幼苗的存活率及生物量显著高于同一沙埋深度下中种子萌发的幼苗的存活率及生物量,后者又显著高于小种子萌发的幼苗的存活率及生物量。可能正是种子萌发对沙埋环境的忍耐或响应能力以及种子的多态性提高了柠条锦鸡儿在毛乌素沙地的适合度,为其在流动或半流动沙丘环境中成功定居并形成优势群落奠定了基础。

沙埋对六种沙生植物种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响

研究了沙埋对科尔沁沙地 6种优势植物的种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响 .进行 0、2、4、6、8、10和 12cm等 7个深度沙埋处理 .结果表明 ,在不同沙埋处理时 ,沙蓬萌发差异显著 ,而差不嘎蒿 2cm埋深与其他埋深的发芽差异显著 ,其他 4种植物 0cm埋深与其他埋深的发芽差异显著 ;沙埋对所有植物幼苗出土均有显著影响 ,埋深增加 ,出苗率减小 ;繁殖体大的物种与繁殖体小的物种相比 ,能从更深沙层中出苗 ,幼苗出土最大深度排序为苦参 >东北木蓼≥沙蓬 >山竹子 >雾冰藜 >差不嘎蒿 .

水稻出苗顶土动力源研究

在自然条件下,通过设计不同的出苗阻力(覆土深度2 cm、4 cm和6 cm)来测定中胚轴伸长潜力不同的水稻种质的出苗速度、成苗率和芽鞘节及中胚轴的长度,以分析影响水稻种子顶土出苗的动力源。结果表明,水稻种子的出苗动力主要来源于芽鞘节间和中胚轴的伸长。在不同阻力处理条件下,不同种质出苗动力差异较大,其中覆土2 cm的不同种质出苗率相差不明显,与室内发芽率结果比较接近,覆土4 cm和覆土6 cm的两个处理不同种质间出苗率差异明显,长胚轴种质出苗速度快,出苗率高,出苗率与室内发芽率相差不大;而短胚轴种质出苗速度慢,出苗率低,其中春江683的出苗率与室内发芽率相比分别下降了6.5和86.2个百分点。研究表明水稻中胚轴的伸长对覆土较深的种子顶土出苗起到关键作用,长胚轴种质顶土出苗动力来自于芽鞘节与中胚轴的共同作用,出苗动力强;而短胚轴顶土出苗动力主要来源于芽鞘节的伸长,出苗动力较弱。还对通过选育长胚轴直播稻品种解决直播稻易倒伏和出苗差等难题的可能性进行了探讨。

沙埋和种子大小对固沙禾草沙鞭的种子萌发与幼苗出土的影响

该文研究了野外条件下不同深度的沙埋对沙鞭(Psammochloavillosa)种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响,以及温室条件下种子大小对不同深度沙埋后的种子萌发和幼苗出土的影响。结果表明,沙埋深度显著影响沙鞭的种子萌发率、幼苗出土率和种子休眠率。沙子表面的种子不能萌发。2cm的浅层沙埋时的种子萌发率和幼苗出土率最高,1cm沙埋的种子萌发率和幼苗出土率次之。沙埋深度超过2cm之后,沙鞭的种子萌发率和幼苗出土率与沙埋深度呈负相关。2cm的种子休眠率最低。从2～12cm,种子休眠率随着沙埋深度的增加而增加。在幼苗能够出土的深度(1～6cm),幼苗首次出土所需的时间随着沙埋深度的增加而延长。种子大小对沙鞭的种子萌发率没有显著影响。但是在深层沙埋(6cm)时,与小种子相比,大种子产生的幼苗的出土率较高。从2～6cm,大种子形成的幼苗的茎长度都较长。

羌活种子发芽及实生苗生长发育的研究

目的:研究打破休眠后的羌活种子的萌发过程、适宜培养基以及羌活实生苗生长规律和优化措施。方法:使用光照培养箱,设置25,20,15,10℃4个发芽温度条件,光周期为12h/12h光暗反应,计算发芽始期和发芽持续时间,以及发芽势和发芽率;9种基质、4种播种深度下定期对种子苗进行生长发育的观测。结果:羌活种子的发芽适温为15℃,基质A_6(锯末、蛭石、草炭灰、珍珠岩混合基质)是9种基质中对羌活实生苗生长最有利的基质,覆土深度1～1.5cm较好;实生苗子叶出土需要约10d,出苗约15d,第1片真叶展开约25d,第2片真叶展开2个月,倒苗时间12月份,返苗时间3月份。结论:解除休眠的羌活种子能长出高质量的实生苗,且适合生长在土质疏松、有机质丰富、土层深厚的土壤上。

浑善达克沙地冰草种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长对土壤水分的反应

研究了浑善达克沙地 4～ 10月份土壤含水量变动情况和冰草种子萌发、出苗和幼苗生长对土壤含水量的响应。结果表明 ,4月下旬至 5月上中旬的土壤含水量对冰草种子萌发、出苗和定居极为关键。控制条件下 ,冰草种子萌发和出苗的最适土壤含水量范围是 12 %～ 2 0 % ,幼苗生长的最适土壤含水量是 12 %。当土壤含水量低于 3% ,冰草种子不能萌发 ,土壤含水量低于 6 %时 ,幼苗不能出土并定居。当土壤含水量达到 16 %时 ,冰草幼苗生物量有所下降。在 6 %～ 8%的土壤含水量条件下 。

沙冬青种子萌发及幼苗生长特性

沙冬青(Ammopiptanthusmongolicus)是亚洲中部荒漠特有种,由于其分布的环境条件特殊,现存植被天然更新困难,人工育苗、造林存在一定问题。为改善种皮透水性,获得整齐一致的发芽,分别用21.5(室温)、40、60、80和90℃的温水浸种5min。结果表明:60℃温水浸种效果最好,与对照相比,显著地提高了种子发芽势,并有效地降低硬实率。对比分析了15、20、25、30、35和40℃环境温度下种子萌发的特性,种子发芽最适温度是30℃,而胚根及下胚轴伸长最快的温度为25～30℃。较低温度下种子发芽延续时间较长,并且种子萌发后下胚轴和胚根伸长缓慢,易形成畸形(胚根严重扭曲、缢裂)幼苗。15℃时畸形幼苗占发芽种子数的28.1%,而30～40℃时仅占5.2%～8.6%。温度过高不利于种子萌发及幼苗生长,40℃时,吸胀种子绝大部分丧失活力,发芽种子在35℃以上温度下生长2～3d,胚根胚轴组织呈水渍状坏死。另外,催芽后的种子播种在河沙中子叶出土最快,出土率可达63%,显著高于在粘质壤土中出土率(11%)。不同粒径的种子播种后幼苗生长特性表现出一定的差异,粒径5mm以下小粒种子播种后幼苗长势弱,苗期成活率低,生长70d后幼苗成活率仅为35.4%,而粒径5mm以上种子同期幼苗成活率达56.2%。据上述试验结果,结合自然分布区内环境条件的资料,分析了沙冬青濒危原因,并为植被恢复育苗措施提出建议。

沙鞭(禾本科)种子在沙丘上的萌发策略及幼苗的耐干燥特性

沙鞭是鄂尔多斯高原流动沙丘上分布的多年生禾草。对位于沙层不同深度的种子萌发和幼苗出土进行了测定。结果表明 ,种子的萌发和幼苗的出土随着沙埋深度的增加而减少 ,最高的幼苗出土率来自 0 .5～ 2 .0 cm浅层沙埋的种子 ,并且沙埋的深度影响种子萌发的时间。沙埋越深 ,越多的种子不能萌发并且处于强迫休眠的状态。但是 ,当被埋较深种子上层的沙层被移走使种子位于较浅的沙层时 ,种子能够克服强迫休眠。种子的强迫休眠还能够通过改善沙层中的空气含量来克服。在自然生境中 ,沙丘的流动性能够使萌发后的幼苗整个暴露在空气中遭受干旱胁迫 ,或者萌发后的幼苗在因无后续的降雨而变干。但是 ,沙鞭在幼苗的早期具有忍受干燥 ,在下次水合后能够恢复生长的能力。

种子萌发和幼苗生长对沙丘环境的适应机制

综述了植物沙生适应机制的研究及其进展.一些植物的种子在刚成熟时具有休眠特性.种子需要适度沙埋促进萌发并实现幼苗定居,但过度沙埋则会抑制种子萌发和出苗.在沙层深处,没有萌发的种子会进入休眠状态,形成土壤种子库.幼苗通过增加节数和延长节间来适应沙埋.沙埋深度超过植物的忍耐限度会抑制幼苗生长,甚至导致幼苗死亡.沙生植物必须适应其他环境因子,如盐风与土壤盐分、昆虫采食、土壤养分亏缺等,才能在沙丘上成功生长.沙蚀可导致幼苗根系暴露并干燥脱水.一些沙漠植物的幼苗在萌发后可忍耐一段时期的干燥,水分条件得到满足之后,幼苗能够恢复生长.

光和不同打破种子休眠方法对紫茎泽兰种子萌发及幼苗状态的影响

紫茎泽兰是著名的外来入侵植物,作为入侵的第一步,发芽及其幼苗生长应该与其强入侵能力有关。基于此,通过不同光照强度处理和不同打破休眠方法的双因素实验,旨在探讨紫茎泽兰种子是否具有需光萌发特性以及低温、水杨酸、聚乙二醇,硝酸钾等常规打破休眠方法和光照如何共同影响其萌发、幼苗生长等问题。结果表明:在全光照条件下,不同处理的紫茎泽兰种子的萌发率均大于63%,铝箔纸覆盖的遮光条件(0.23%光照)萌发率均大于60%,而在完全黑暗条件下,其萌发率较低(均小于30%),这表明紫茎泽兰种子具有需光萌发的特性。有别于以往对其它植物种子的报道,低温处理、水杨酸处理、聚乙二醇处理和硝酸钾处理不能代替光照打破种子休眠,显示紫茎泽兰种子可能处于一种强迫休眠状态(种子静态)。全光照与水杨酸处理、PEG处理对幼苗生长具有交互影响:黑暗下水杨酸处理浓度与幼苗生物量成正相关(P<0.05),但全光照和加铝箔下不相关(P>0.05);全光照下PEG处理浓度与根长显著正相关(P<0.05),而加铝箔和黑暗下不相关(P>0.05)。紫茎泽兰种子需光萌发特征及其幼苗生长特点是人为破坏表土壤、深层土壤种子库地表化导致快速入侵的基础。结果也为通过引入适宜树种造林来控制光照因子对紫茎泽兰进行生态控制提供了理论依据。