This study analyzed the impact of participatory plant breeding （PPB） and participatory variety selection （PVS） on the adoption of improved sweetpotato varieties （ISPV） in central Uganda. The study quantitatively...This study analyzed the impact of participatory plant breeding （PPB） and participatory variety selection （PVS） on the adoption of improved sweetpotato varieties （ISPV） in central Uganda. The study quantitatively assessed how the two approaches influence farmers＇ uptake of the improved sweetpotato varieties and also determined other factors influencing this adoption. This was done by estimating a robust standard errors logit model. Both PPB and PVS positively and significantly influenced the likelihood of adoption of improved sweetpotato varieties at 5% and 10% levels, respectively. Other variables that positively influenced the adoption are extension services, training in sweetpotato production, farming experience, and off-farm income of the household. Farmers who participated in the plant breeding and variety selection processes were 37 and 6.7 times more likely to adopt the improved sweetpotato varieties than those who had not, respectively. Farmers who were trained specifically in sweetpotato production were 8.8 times more likely to adopt the improved varieties than those who had not received this type of training.展开更多
Cangmai 028 was selected and bred according to the climatic characteristic of the winter wheat in Heilonggang Basin taking 98(083)as the female parent and the Canghe 030 as the male parent by "two-row parallel al...Cangmai 028 was selected and bred according to the climatic characteristic of the winter wheat in Heilonggang Basin taking 98(083)as the female parent and the Canghe 030 as the male parent by "two-row parallel alternate selection" method.Cangmai 028 has characteristics of high resistance,water-saving,high and stable yield,and rich genetic background.This study elaborated selection and breeding background and methods,characteristics,quality,and yield of Cangmai 028.展开更多
Considering the ecological environment of Sichuan area, an experiment was conducted to breed new maize varieties with high yield, high quality, multi re- sistance and wide adaptability. According to the principle of g...Considering the ecological environment of Sichuan area, an experiment was conducted to breed new maize varieties with high yield, high quality, multi re- sistance and wide adaptability. According to the principle of gene recombination, the authors combined the local tropical germplasm with PB germplasm, which was rich in disease-resistant, lodging-resistant and drought-tolerant genes, and the integration was used as the innovative strategy for breeding. Inbred-line ＇LSC 107＇ was suc- cessfully bred and the new maize hybrid ＇Wande No.l＇ was bred by crossing ＇LSC 107＇ with ＇Yi 99-19＇. The results showed that the maize hybrid had good performance, including high yield, good stability, high quality, excellent disease re- sistance and lodging resistance, and wide adaptation. So it was adaptable for plant- ing in plain and hilly areas of Sichuan Province. With hybrid recombination between local tropical germplasm and PB inbred lines, the inbred-line had high general com- bining ability and strong adaptability, and the hybrid had high yield, high quality and wide adaptability, and had broad prospects of popularization and application.展开更多
Objective The SOD, POD and APX enzyme activities of tetraploid lines and diploid control line of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium in test-tube and field were determined in order to provide a reference for the selective b...Objective The SOD, POD and APX enzyme activities of tetraploid lines and diploid control line of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium in test-tube and field were determined in order to provide a reference for the selective breeding of high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium. Method The SOD, POD and APX activities of each sample were determined. Every material should have 3 replicates which been determined and calculated mean value to analyze. Result The various kinds of antioxidase activities in protective enzyme system of tetraploid lines were increased generally in comparison with that of diploid control line. And there is certain relativity between the samples in field and in test-tube of these lines. Conclusion The antioxidase activities of each line in test-tube could be considered as reference index to screen high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium.展开更多
采用2017年河南省联合体麦套两组花生多点区试数据,利用最佳线性无偏估计(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)处理产量及其相关的10个主要农艺性状,以BLUP值为基础进行遗传力和遗传变异、相关性、通径、主成分分析,解析剔除环境效...采用2017年河南省联合体麦套两组花生多点区试数据,利用最佳线性无偏估计(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)处理产量及其相关的10个主要农艺性状,以BLUP值为基础进行遗传力和遗传变异、相关性、通径、主成分分析,解析剔除环境效应后不同农艺性状对产量的影响,为快速准确选育高产麦套花生品种提供理论依据;通过主成分综合评价,筛选适合黄淮麦套的高产大果花生品种。遗传力分析表明,百仁质量、百果质量的遗传力较高,结果枝数、单株生产力、饱果率的遗传力较低;遗传变异分析显示,变异系数范围出仁率最小,单株果数最大;相关性分析表明,百果质量、百仁质量、饱果率与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数和单株果数与产量呈极显著负相关(P<0.001);通径分析显示,主茎高与产量直接通径系数最大,为1.183,其次是百果质量、百仁质量,分别为0.499、0.453;主成分分析显示,11个性状可提取出3个主成分因子,分别与产量、株型、单株果数相关,遗传贡献率分别为42.26%、26.03%、11.12%,累计达79.41%。黄淮麦套大果花生选育时,可在早期世代选择百仁质量、百果质量,高世代选择结果枝数、单株生产力和饱果率;注重百果质量、百仁质量、饱果率性状选择可提高选育效率。濮学花0815、开农86、商花21号、开农79和郑农花18号具有较好的株型、产量和单株果数因子,适宜在黄淮麦套花生生产区种植推广。展开更多
基于1986~2022年Web of Science(WoS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以魔芋软腐病为主题发表的相关文献,利用CNKI和WoS自带分析工具以及文献计量学软件CiteSpace 6.1.R6,分析了魔芋软腐病的研究现状、研究趋势和研究热点,以期为我国魔芋软腐...基于1986~2022年Web of Science(WoS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以魔芋软腐病为主题发表的相关文献,利用CNKI和WoS自带分析工具以及文献计量学软件CiteSpace 6.1.R6,分析了魔芋软腐病的研究现状、研究趋势和研究热点,以期为我国魔芋软腐病研究领域提供理论支撑。结果显示:1986~2022年魔芋软腐病领域国内外发文量总体呈增长趋势,特别是2000~2010年间发文量增长明显,2010年后研究热度不减,总体发文量较稳定。研究领域内发文量较多的作者及机构间有一定的合作关系。国内外研究方向主要集中在魔芋软腐病的病原菌鉴定、抗病品种选育以及病害防治等三大方面。文献计量分析表明魔芋软腐病研究领域仍存在防控效果不明显等问题,优良抗病性品种培育亟待加强,其也是未来一段时间内的研究方向。展开更多
文摘This study analyzed the impact of participatory plant breeding （PPB） and participatory variety selection （PVS） on the adoption of improved sweetpotato varieties （ISPV） in central Uganda. The study quantitatively assessed how the two approaches influence farmers＇ uptake of the improved sweetpotato varieties and also determined other factors influencing this adoption. This was done by estimating a robust standard errors logit model. Both PPB and PVS positively and significantly influenced the likelihood of adoption of improved sweetpotato varieties at 5% and 10% levels, respectively. Other variables that positively influenced the adoption are extension services, training in sweetpotato production, farming experience, and off-farm income of the household. Farmers who participated in the plant breeding and variety selection processes were 37 and 6.7 times more likely to adopt the improved sweetpotato varieties than those who had not, respectively. Farmers who were trained specifically in sweetpotato production were 8.8 times more likely to adopt the improved varieties than those who had not received this type of training.
基金Supported by Key Sci-Tech Project of Hebei Provincial Science and Technology Department(16226320D)Modern Agricultural Industrial Technology System of the Ministry of Agriculture and Ministry of Finance(CARS-3-2-5)
文摘Cangmai 028 was selected and bred according to the climatic characteristic of the winter wheat in Heilonggang Basin taking 98(083)as the female parent and the Canghe 030 as the male parent by "two-row parallel alternate selection" method.Cangmai 028 has characteristics of high resistance,water-saving,high and stable yield,and rich genetic background.This study elaborated selection and breeding background and methods,characteristics,quality,and yield of Cangmai 028.
基金Supported by Key Maize Breeding Program for Sichuan Province in the 11~(th) Five-year Plan and the 12~(th) Five-year Plan(2006YZGG002)The Breakthrough on Breeding Maize Inbred Lines and Heterotic Hybrids(2011YZGG002)~~
文摘Considering the ecological environment of Sichuan area, an experiment was conducted to breed new maize varieties with high yield, high quality, multi re- sistance and wide adaptability. According to the principle of gene recombination, the authors combined the local tropical germplasm with PB germplasm, which was rich in disease-resistant, lodging-resistant and drought-tolerant genes, and the integration was used as the innovative strategy for breeding. Inbred-line ＇LSC 107＇ was suc- cessfully bred and the new maize hybrid ＇Wande No.l＇ was bred by crossing ＇LSC 107＇ with ＇Yi 99-19＇. The results showed that the maize hybrid had good performance, including high yield, good stability, high quality, excellent disease re- sistance and lodging resistance, and wide adaptation. So it was adaptable for plant- ing in plain and hilly areas of Sichuan Province. With hybrid recombination between local tropical germplasm and PB inbred lines, the inbred-line had high general com- bining ability and strong adaptability, and the hybrid had high yield, high quality and wide adaptability, and had broad prospects of popularization and application.
文摘Objective The SOD, POD and APX enzyme activities of tetraploid lines and diploid control line of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium in test-tube and field were determined in order to provide a reference for the selective breeding of high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium. Method The SOD, POD and APX activities of each sample were determined. Every material should have 3 replicates which been determined and calculated mean value to analyze. Result The various kinds of antioxidase activities in protective enzyme system of tetraploid lines were increased generally in comparison with that of diploid control line. And there is certain relativity between the samples in field and in test-tube of these lines. Conclusion The antioxidase activities of each line in test-tube could be considered as reference index to screen high resistance good tetraploid varieties of C. cinerariifolium.
文摘采用2017年河南省联合体麦套两组花生多点区试数据,利用最佳线性无偏估计(best linear unbiased prediction,BLUP)处理产量及其相关的10个主要农艺性状,以BLUP值为基础进行遗传力和遗传变异、相关性、通径、主成分分析,解析剔除环境效应后不同农艺性状对产量的影响,为快速准确选育高产麦套花生品种提供理论依据;通过主成分综合评价,筛选适合黄淮麦套的高产大果花生品种。遗传力分析表明,百仁质量、百果质量的遗传力较高,结果枝数、单株生产力、饱果率的遗传力较低;遗传变异分析显示,变异系数范围出仁率最小,单株果数最大;相关性分析表明,百果质量、百仁质量、饱果率与产量呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),主茎高、侧枝长、结果枝数和单株果数与产量呈极显著负相关(P<0.001);通径分析显示,主茎高与产量直接通径系数最大,为1.183,其次是百果质量、百仁质量,分别为0.499、0.453;主成分分析显示,11个性状可提取出3个主成分因子,分别与产量、株型、单株果数相关,遗传贡献率分别为42.26%、26.03%、11.12%,累计达79.41%。黄淮麦套大果花生选育时,可在早期世代选择百仁质量、百果质量,高世代选择结果枝数、单株生产力和饱果率;注重百果质量、百仁质量、饱果率性状选择可提高选育效率。濮学花0815、开农86、商花21号、开农79和郑农花18号具有较好的株型、产量和单株果数因子,适宜在黄淮麦套花生生产区种植推广。
文摘基于1986~2022年Web of Science(WoS)和中国知网(CNKI)数据库中以魔芋软腐病为主题发表的相关文献,利用CNKI和WoS自带分析工具以及文献计量学软件CiteSpace 6.1.R6,分析了魔芋软腐病的研究现状、研究趋势和研究热点,以期为我国魔芋软腐病研究领域提供理论支撑。结果显示:1986~2022年魔芋软腐病领域国内外发文量总体呈增长趋势,特别是2000~2010年间发文量增长明显,2010年后研究热度不减,总体发文量较稳定。研究领域内发文量较多的作者及机构间有一定的合作关系。国内外研究方向主要集中在魔芋软腐病的病原菌鉴定、抗病品种选育以及病害防治等三大方面。文献计量分析表明魔芋软腐病研究领域仍存在防控效果不明显等问题,优良抗病性品种培育亟待加强,其也是未来一段时间内的研究方向。
