The Determinacy of Lexical Selectional Restriction and Its Basis for Existence

In this paper, the determinacy of regular lexical selectional restrictions is examined from both the internal structures of the single selectional restrictions (i.e.semantic selectional restrictions) and relationship between the structures of several selectional restrictions. Hence, our analysis and description are shifted from casual and indeterminate strings and markers on case basis to determined rules and circumspect dynamic systems, from lexical precepts to knowledge precepts, from the state of memory to rational deduction and rhetorical devices. Further studies indicate that selectional restrictions are intertwined structures, a feature that makes it possible to be one of the bases for lexical selectional restrictions to come into existence. Its related theories are the grarantee for scientific observations of selectional restriction structures.

Time-optimal rendezvous transfer trajectory for restricted cone-angle range solar sails

The advantage of solar sails in deep space exploration is that no fuel consumption is required. The heliocentric distance is one factor influencing the solar radiation pressure force exerted on solar sails. In addition, the solar radiation pressure force is also related to the solar sail orientation with respect to the sunlight direction. For an ideal flat solar sail, the cone angle between the sail normal and the sunlight direction determines the magnitude and direction of solar radiation pressure force. In general, the cone angle can change from 0° to 90°. However, in practical applications, a large cone angle may reduce the efficiency of solar radiation pressure force and there is a strict requirement on the attitude control. Usually, the cone angle range is restricted less more than an acute angle （for example, not more than 40°） in engineering practice. In this paper, the time-optimal transfer trajectory is designed over a restricted range of the cone angle, and an indirect method is used to solve the two point boundary value problem associated to the optimal control problem. Relevant numerical examples are provided to compare with the case of an unrestricted case, and the effects of different maximum restricted cone angles are discussed. The results indicate that （1） for the condition of a restricted cone-angle range the transfer time is longer than that for the unrestricted case and （2） the optimal transfer time increases as the maximum restricted cone angle decreases.

Efficient Virtual Network Embedding Algorithm Based on Restrictive Selection and Optimization Theory Approach

Network virtualization(NV) is widely considered as a key component of the future network and promises to allow multiple virtual networks(VNs) with different protocols to coexist on a shared substrate network(SN). One main challenge in NV is virtual network embedding(VNE). VNE is a NPhard problem. Previous VNE algorithms in the literature are mostly heuristic, while the remaining algorithms are exact. Heuristic algorithms aim to find a feasible embedding of each VN, not optimal or sub-optimal, in polynomial time. Though presenting the optimal or sub-optimal embedding per VN, exact algorithms are too time-consuming in smallscaled networks, not to mention moderately sized networks. To make a trade-off between the heuristic and the exact, this paper presents an effective algorithm, labeled as VNE-RSOT(Restrictive Selection and Optimization Theory), to solve the VNE problem. The VNERSOT can embed virtual nodes and links per VN simultaneously. The restrictive selection contributes to selecting candidate substrate nodes and paths and largely cuts down on the number of integer variables, used in the following optimization theory approach. The VNE-RSOT fights to minimize substrate resource consumption and accommodates more VNs. To highlight the efficiency of VNERSOT, a simulation against typical and stateof-art heuristic algorithms and a pure exact algorithm is made. Numerical results reveal that virtual network request(VNR) acceptance ratio of VNE-RSOT is, at least, 10% higher than the best-behaved heuristic. Other metrics, such as the execution time, are also plotted to emphasize and highlight the efficiency of VNE-RSOT.

Molecular mapping of a novel wheat powdery mildew resistance gene Ml92145E8-9 and its application in wheat breeding by marker-assisted selection

Powdery mildew, caused by Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici(Bgt), is one of the most devastating diseases of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.). The wheat line 92145 E8-9 is immune to Bgt isolate E09. Genetic analysis reveals that the powdery mildew resistance in 92145 E8-9 is controlled by a single dominant gene, temporarily designated Ml92145 E8-9. Bulkedsegregant analysis(BSA) with simple sequence repeat(SSR) markers indicates that Ml92145 E8-9 is located on chromosome 2 AL. According to the reactions of 92145 E8-9,VPM1(Pm4 b carrier), and Lankao 906(PmLK906 carrier) to 14 Bgt isolates, the resistance spectrum of 92145 E8-9 differs from those of Pm4 b and PmLK906, both of which were previously localized to 2 AL. To test the allelism among Ml92145 E8-9, Pm4 b and PmLK906, two F2 populations of 92145 E8-9 × VPM1(Pm4 b) and 92145 E8-9 × Lankao 906(PmLK906) were developed in this study. Screening of 784 F2 progeny of 92145 E8-9 × VPM1 and 973 F2 progeny of 92145 E8-9 × Lankao 906 for Bgt isolate E09 identified 37 and 19 susceptible plants, respectively. These findings indicated that Ml92145 E8-9 is non-allelic to either Pm4 b or PmLK906. Thus, Ml92145 E8-9 is likely to be a new powdery mildew resistance gene on2 AL. New polymorphic markers were developed based on the collinearity of genomic regions of Ml92145 E8-9 with the reference sequences of the International Wheat Genome Sequencing Consortium(IWGSC). Ml92145 E8-9 was mapped to a 3.6 c M interval flanked by molecular markers Xsdauk13 and Xsdauk682. This study also developed five powdery mildew-resistant wheat lines(SDAU3561, SDAU3562, SDAU4173, SDAU4174, and SDAU4175)using flanking marker-aided selection. The markers closely linked to Ml92145 E8-9 would be useful in marker-assisted selection for wheat powdery mildew resistance breeding.

Grain selection and growth orientation of prior-β phase for Ti-6-4 during additive manufacturing:insights from a modeling perspective

The microstructure of Ti-6-4 components produced by additive manufacturing suffers from the coarse and elongated prior-β grain,which leads to a decrease of the tensile behavior and the occurrence of anisotropy.To understand and control the grain evolution,a multiscale simulation is applied to investigate the relationship between the grain selection,growth orientation,and the molten pool morphology with the different deposition layer numbers and processing parameters.The accuracy of the simulation is validated by experiments in both qualitative and quantitative ways.Results show that when the grain with unfavorable orientation loses the competitive growth with its neighbors,there will be a great chance that the blocked grain is eliminated in the following layer-and-layer deposition,which leads to the increase of the grain width.The size of the molten pool increases remarkably as the layer number increases,which lays a heavy burden on the stability of the molten pool.The analytical relationship between the molten pool morphology and the grain growth orientation is also deduced.The flat molten pool causes the grains with the <001> direction close to the building direction to have greater survival potential.Besides,decreasing the line power energy shows little effect on the stability of the molten pool and the grain growth orientation,especially when the deposited layer number is large.The revealing mechanisms will help in understanding and further controlling the grain evolution.

A New Critical Value Concerning the Genealogy of Long Period Families at L_4 in the Restricted Three-body Problem

We found another critical mass ratio value -↑μ between μ4 and μ5 concerning the genealogy of the long period family around the equilateral equilibrium point L4 in the restricted three-body problem. This value has not been pointed out before. We used numerical computations to show how the long period family evolves around this critical value. The case is similar to that of the critical values between μ2 and μ4, with slight difference in evolution details.

限制性卖空的均值-方差投资组合优化

本文提出了限制性卖空的均值-方差投资组合模型,通过变量替换将该模型转变为一般二次规划问题,从而运用不等式组的旋转算法进行求解.文章还以一个具体例子验证该算法的有效性,并证明在一定变化范围内,借入资产的资金与总资金的比例越大越有助于拓展投资机会空间.

Breeding and Cultivation Techniques of Edible Sunflower Variety AR9-9293

Edible sunflower variety AR9-9293 was approved by the Sunflower Variety Appraisal Committee with the country Identification number of sunflower 2015005. This paper introduced the breeding process, yield performance and characteristics, and the high-yield cultivation technology of new edible sunflower variety AR9-9293. The promotion of edible sunflower varieties and cultivation technology could achieve the effects of improving the level of the sunflower cultivation, promoting the development of rural and agricultural economy and increasing farmers＇ income, as well as positively promoting development of the society and adjusting agricultural industry structure.

限制性卖空的均值-半绝对偏差投资组合模型及其旋转算法研究

本文提出了限制性卖空的均值-半绝对偏差投资组合模型,通过变量替换将该模型转变为一般线性规划问题,从而运用线性规划的旋转算法进行求解。最后,文章以一个具体的算例验证了该算法的有效性,并证明将限制性卖空引入到投资组合中,有助于增强市场效率,降低市场风险。

IGF-2和CDKN1C基因在单合子双胎选择性宫内生长受限胎盘中的表达

目的探讨印迹基因IGF-2、CDKN1C在单绒毛膜双羊膜囊(MCDA)单合子双胎选择性宫内生长受限两胎胎盘中的表达,进而探讨IGF-2、CDKN1C基因与该疾病间的关系。方法收集20对MCDA双胎的临床资料及胎盘组织,其中双胎选择性宫内生长受限10例(sIUGR组),正常双胎10例作为对照组,用实时荧光定量PCR方法检测胎盘组织中的IGF-2、CDKN1C mRNA表达情况,且使用毛细血管电泳法对20对双胎行合子鉴定。结果经合子鉴定,20对双胎均为单合子双胎;sIUGR组的分娩孕周较对照组早(P<0.05);sIUGR组大胎的平均出生体重明显高于小胎(P<0.01),sIUGR组两胎之间的出生体重差显著大于对照组(P<0.01)。sIUGR组小胎胎盘中的IGF-2 mRNA表达水平低于大胎(P<0.05)。sIUGR组和对照组中大小胎胎盘中的CDKN1C基因mRNA表达均无明显差异(P>0.05)。结论择性宫内生长受限胎胎盘中IGF-2基因的表达降低,可能通过影响胎盘生长发育和降低胎盘营养转运功能干扰胎儿正常生长,导致其发生选择性宫内生长受限;CDKN1C基因与MCDA单合子双胎sIUGR的发病可能无相关性。

基于RAD-Seq简化基因组测序分析琅琊鸡的遗传进化

为在基因组水平上探讨琅琊鸡的遗传进化,试验以琅琊鸡与其他22个地方鸡品种资源及2个国外引进品种为研究对象,利用简化基因组测序(RAD-seq)鉴定25个品种基因组SNP,计算琅琊鸡的遗传统计量,分析遗传多样性和遗传结构,基于Fst选择信号检验方法,筛选受选择基因并进行功能富集分析。结果显示:在琅琊鸡群体中鉴定出299648个SNPs,琅琊鸡的平均杂合度(Ho)为0.220,核苷酸多样度为0.266,近交系数为0.173;琅琊鸡与汶上芦花鸡、元宝鸡、天津猴鸡和狼山鸡聚为一类,亲缘关系较近。共筛选出113个受选择基因,受选择基因主要富集在谷氨酸受体活性、钙黏蛋白结合、4铁,4硫团簇结合、G蛋白偶联谷氨酸受体信号通路等生物学过程,主要参与柠檬酸循环(TCA循环)、代谢、类固醇激素生物合成等信号通路。研究表明,选择作用主要影响琅琊鸡的繁殖性状、适应性免疫和代谢等,结果为琅琊鸡的品种保护、鉴定评价及开发利用提供分子理论支撑。

基于改进粒子群算法的PIDNN控制器在VSC-HVDC中的应用

针对海上风电场并网柔性直流输电(voltage sourceconverter based high-voltage direct-current,VSC-HVDC)系统比例–积分–微分神经网络(PID neural network,PIDNN)控制器参数寻优过程中存在的问题,提出一种基于限制竞争小生境混沌变异的改进粒子群算法(improved niche chaoticparticle swarm optimization,INCPSO)。该算法中小生境技术引入限制竞争淘汰机制,使其具有良好的全局寻优能力(探索),配合改进的帐篷映射混沌变异算法,可获得局部精细遍历性能(发现)。在解决粒子群算法早熟收敛和搜索精度低等问题的同时,最大程度地平衡了粒子群算法在解空间内的探索和发现能力。给出了VSC-HVDC系统中PIDNN控制器参数寻优INCPSO算法步骤,并进行算例分析验证。仿真结果表明,该算法寻优效率和搜索精度高,鲁棒性好,INCPSO-PIDNN控制器可用于海上风电场柔性直流输电变流器。

选择性胎儿宫内生长受限与代谢异常的关系——基于气相色谱-飞行时间质谱的脐血代谢组学研究

目的探讨单绒毛膜双羊膜囊双胎选择性宫内生长受限(sIUGR)的脐血代谢物构成及生长受限胎儿与正常胎儿的代谢差异。方法采用单卵双胎配对设计,通过气相色谱-飞行时间质谱进行sIUGR双胎脐血代谢组学检测,采用主成分分析和偏最小二乘法判别分析(PLS-DA)对质谱数据建模,对变量投影重要度(VIP)值>1的差异点进行非参数检验,寻找差异代谢物。结果 sIUGR大小胎儿脐血血浆样品点在PLS-DA得分图中存在分离趋势。通过对VIP值大于1的差异点进行Wilcoxon符号秩检验及数据库比对,筛选出10种体现出大小胎儿代谢差别的脐血潜在标志物,在生长受限胎儿脐血代谢水平上调的代谢物包括山梨醇、肌醇、甘氨酸、吡啶甲酸,下调的包括亮氨酸、缬氨酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、胆固醇和肌酸。结论 sIUGR生长受限胎儿与正常胎儿的脐血代谢物构成存在差异,可能与碳水化合物、氨基酸及脂代谢异常相关。

气相色谱-负化学源质谱联用法测定水产品及食用油中氟乐灵的残留量

建立了一种可用于水产品及食用油中氟乐灵残留量分析的分散型固相萃取-气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱方法。水产品及食用油经乙腈提取，4℃冷藏后，采用分散型固相萃取法净化，由气相色谱-负化学离子源质谱选择离子监测技术进行测定与确证，同位素内标法定量。在1～40μg / L 范围内氟乐灵农药的线性关系良好；方法定量限（LOQ）为0.02μg / kg；对鳗鱼、烤鳗、梭子蟹、小龙虾、猪油和橄榄油等6种复杂基质进行1.0、2.0和3.0μg / kg 等3个水平的添加回收试验，平均回收率均处于80％～100％之间，RSD≤10.3％；无干扰现象出现。该方法可作为水产品及食用油中氟乐灵残留检测的确证方法。

“名-谓”型复合词的结构方式及其与语素义选择限制的关系

现代汉语“名语素 -谓语素”型 (简称“名 -谓”型 )复合词有两种结构方式 :偏正式和主谓式。同一种构成模式却形成两种不同的结构方式 ,主要在于语素义的选择限制 :前者是谓语素选择名语素 ,选择范围小 ,名语素表征的是谓语素的方式、时间、地点等 ,谓语素常表征名语素的典型特征 ;后者是谓语素陈述名语素 ,语素选择指向谓语素 ,选择范围大 ,谓语素不一定表征典型特征。语素义的选择限制确定了语素的组合关系 ,从而确定词的结构方式 。

Association of TNF-α-238G/A and 308 G/A Gene Polymorphisms with Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Patients with Coal Worker’s Pneumoconiosis

Objectives Tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） may play an important role in host＇s immune response to mycobacterium tuberculosis （M. tuberculosis） infection. This study was to investigate the association of TNF-α gene polymorphism with pulmonary tuberculosis （TB） among patients with coal worker＇s pneumoconiosis （CWP）. Methods A case-control study was conducted in 113 patients with confirmed CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and 113 non-TB controls with CWP. They were matched in gender, age, job, and stage of pneumoconiosis. All participants were interviewed with questionnaires and their blood specimens were collected for genetic determination with informed consent. The TNF-α gene polymorphism was determined with polymerase chain reaction of restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）. Frequency of genotypes was assessed for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium by chi-square test or Fisher＇s exact probability. Factors influencing the association of individual susceptibility with pulmonary TB were evaluated with logistic regression analysis. Gene-environment interaction was evaluated by a multiplieative model with combined OR. All data were analyzed using SAS version 8.2 software. Results No significant difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 genotype was found between CWP complicated with pulmonary TB and non-TB controls （2,2=5.44, P=-0.07）. But difference in frequency of the TNF-α-308 A allele was identified between them （2,2-5.14, P=0.02）. No significant difference in frequencies of the TNF-α-238 genotype and allele （P=0.23 and P=0.09, respectively） was found between cases and controls either, with combined （GG and AA） OR of 3.96 （95% confidence interval of 1.30-12.09） at the -308 locus of the TNF-α gene, as compared to combination of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GG genotypes. Multivariate-adjusted odds ratio of the TNF-α-238 GG and TNF-α-308 GA genotypes was 1.98 （95% CI of 1.06-3.71） for risk for pulmonary TB in patients with CWP. There was a synergic interaction between the TNF-a-308 GG genotype and body mass index （OR=4.92）, as well as an interaction between the TNF-α-308 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or history of TB exposure. And, the interaction of the TNF-α-238 GG genotype and history of BCG immunization or TB exposure with risk for pulmonary TB in them was also indicated. Conclusions TNF-α-308 A allele is associated with an elevated risk for pulmonary TB, whereas TNF-α-238 A allele was otherwise.

Cleaner and convenient preparation of 3-（4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy）-2-methyl-phenol

Environmental concerns have highlighted the need of cleaner technologies. A cleaner, convenient and selective technology has been developed for the preparation of 3-(4,6-dimethoxy-pyrimidin-2-yloxy)-2-methyl-phenol (DPMP) from 2-methyl-benzene-1,3-diol in water as solvent. The isolated yield of DPMP is up to 86% in good selectivity. The product structure was characterized by conventional methods, H-NMR and MS. This technology belongs to the modern concept of 1 environmentally friendly low wastes or non-wastes technology (LWNWT).

Green fuel from coal via Fischer-Tropsch process： scenario of optimal condition of process and modelling

Extracting, transportation and the using from fossil fuels can damage to the hydrosphere, the biosphere and the Earth＇s atmosphere. But humans always need to this valuable substance. The production of oil derivatives by means of forest waste and coal through the Fischer-Tropsch process is an appropriate solution for the cleanliness of all parts of the environment. For the production of favorite products by the synthesis of Fischer-Tropsch, the performance of the catalyst under different operating conditions should be predictable. For this reason, in this paper, eight mathematical models were determined for the selectivity of five products of methane, light hydrocarbons, gasoline, diesel and wax based on three factors of reduction temperature, time on stream, and He/CO ratio inlet gas on iron-based catalyst. The results showed that the reduction temperature factor had the most effective on the selectivity of hydrocarbon products, exception diesel, so that the increase of the reduction temperature led to increase of the selectivity of methane, light hydrocarbons, gasoline and reduce of the degree of selectivity of the wax and vice versa. For the diesel selectivity, factor of the He/CO ratio inlet gas was the most effective than other factors.