Differential Gene Expression Between Cross-Fertilized and Self-Fertilized Kernels During the Early Stages of Seed Development in Wheat

In order to understand molecular basis of cross-fertilized kernel advantage and heterosis, improved differential display of mRNA was used in this study to analyze alterations in gene expression between cross-fertilized and self-fertilized kernels at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 days after pollination (DAP) by using 3 wheat hybrids with different level of heterosis. Four patterns of differential expression were observed: (i) bands observed in cross-fertilized kernels but not in self-fertilized kernels (BCnS); (ii) bands occurring in only self-fertilized kernels but not in cross-fertilized kernels (BSnC); (iii) cDNA over-expressed in cross-fertilized kernels compared to self-fertilized kernels (OEC); (iv) cDNA under-expressed in cross-fertilized kernels compared to self-fertilized kernels (UEC). Further analysis showed that BCnS is positively correlated with heterosis, but BSnC is negatively correlated with heterosis. Four differentially expressed cDNA fragments were verified by reverse-northern blot and sequence homology search in GenBank showed that one of them was new sequences; the other exhibited higher similarity to NBS-LRR type resistance protein, 1,6-bisphosphatase and photosystem Ⅱ chlorophyll a-binding protein psbB, respectively, which indicated diverse pathways may be involved in heterosis formation.

Exercise-induced modulation of miR-149-5p and MMP9 in LPS-triggered diabetic myoblast ER stress: licorice glycoside E as a potential therapeutic target

Background:This study explores the relationship between endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress and diabetes,particularly focusing on the impact of physical exercise on ER stress mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic drugs and targets for diabetes-related sepsis.The research also incorporates traditional physical therapy perspectives,emphasizing the genomic insights gained from exercise therapy in disease management and prevention.Methods:Gene analysis was conducted on the GSE168796 and GSE94717 datasets to identify ER stress-related genes.Gene interactions and immune cell correlations were mapped using GeneCard and STRING databases.A screening of 2,456 compounds from the TCMSP database was performed to identify potential therapeutic agents,with a focus on their docking potential.Techniques such as luciferase reporter gene assay and RNA interference were used to examine the interactions between microRNA-149-5p and MMP9.Results:The study identified 2,006 differentially expressed genes and 616 miRNAs.Key genes like MMP9,TNF-α,and IL1B were linked to an immunosuppressive state.Licorice glycoside E demonstrated high affinity for MMP9,suggesting its potential effectiveness in treating diabetes.The constructed miRNA network highlighted the regulatory roles of MMP9,IL1B,IFNG,and TNF-α.Experimental evidence confirmed the binding of microRNA-149-5p to MMP9,impacting apoptosis in diabetic cells.Conclusion:The findings highlight the regulatory role of microRNA-149-5p in managing MMP9,a crucial gene in diabetes pathophysiology.Licorice glycoside E emerges as a promising treatment option for diabetes,especially targeting MMP9 affected by ER stress.The study also underscores the significance of physical exercise in modulating ER stress pathways in diabetes management,bridging traditional physical therapy and modern scientific understanding.Our study has limitations.It focuses on the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 network in sepsis,using cell-based methods without animal or clinical trials.Despite strong in vitro findings,in vivo studies are needed to confirm licorice glycoside E’s therapeutic potential and understand the microRNA-149-5p-MMP9 dynamics in real conditions.

Antitumor activity of miR-188-3p in gastric cancer is achieved by targeting CBL expression and inactivating the AKT/mTOR signaling

BACKGROUND Altered miR-188-3p expression has been observed in various human cancers.AIM To investigate the miR-188-3p expression,its roles,and underlying molecular events in gastric cancer.METHODS Fifty gastric cancer and paired normal tissues were collected to analyze miR-188-3p and CBL expression.Normal and gastric cancer cells were used to manipulate miR-188-3p and CBL expression through different assays.The relationship between miR-188-3p and CBL was predicted bioinformatically and confirmed using a luciferase gene reporter assay.A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to associate miR-188-3p or CBL expression with patient survival.A nude mouse tumor cell xenograft assay was used to confirm the in vitro data.RESULTS MiR-188-3p was found to be lower in the plasma of gastric cancer patients,tissues,and cell lines compared to their healthy counterparts.It was associated with overall survival of gastric cancer patients(P<0.001),tumor differentiation(P<0.001),lymph node metastasis(P=0.033),tumor node metastasis stage(I/II vs III/IV,P=0.024),and American Joint Committee on Cancer stage(I/II vs III/IV,P=0.03).Transfection with miR-188-3p mimics reduced tumor cell growth and invasion while inducing apoptosis and autophagy.CBL was identified as a direct target of miR-188-3p,with its expression antagonizing the effects of miR-188-3p on gastric cancer(GC)cell proliferation by inducing tumor cell apoptosis and autophagy through the inactivation of the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.The in vivo data confirmed antitumor activity via CBL downregulation in gastric cancer.CONCLUSION The current data provides ex vivo,in vitro,and in vivo evidence that miR-188-3p acts as a tumor suppressor gene or possesses antitumor activity in GC.

Molecular Cloning,Expression Analysis and Localization of Exo70A1 Related to Self Incompatibility in Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis)

The exocyst is a conserved protein complex,and required for vesicles tethering,fusion and polarized exocytosis.Exo70A1,the exocyst subunit,is essential for assembly of the exocyst complex.To better understand potential roles of Exo70A1 in non-heading Chinese cabbage（Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis）,we obtained the full-length cDNA of Exo70A1 gene,which consisted of 1 917 bp and encoded a protein of 638 amino acids.BlastX showed BcExo70A1 shared 94.9% identity with Brassica oleracea var.acephala（AEI26267.1）,and clustered into a same group with other homologues in B.oleracea var.acephala and Brassica napus.Subcellular localization analysis showed BcExo70A1 was localized to punctate structures in cytosol of onion epithelial cells.Results showed that BcExo70A1 was widely presented in stamens,young stems,petals,unpollinated pistils,roots and leaves of self compatible and incompatible plants.The transcripts of BcExo70A1 in non- heading Chinese cabbage declined during initial 1.5 h after incompatible pollination,while an opposite trend was presented after compatible pollination.Our study reveals that BcExo70A1 could play essential roles in plant growth and development,and is related to the rejection of self pollen in non-heading Chinese cabbage.

Versatile Routing and Self-Certifying Features Support for Secure Mobility in eXpressive Internet Architecture

Integrating mobility and security in the network layer has become a key factor for Future Internet Architecture(FIA). This paper proposes a secure mobility support mechanism in e Xpressive Internet Architecture(XIA),a new FIA currently under development as part of the US National Science Foundation's(NSF) program. Utilizing the natural features of ID/locator decoupling and versatile routing in XIA, a general mechanism to support host mobility is proposed. Exploiting the self-certifying identifier, a secure binding update protocol to overcome the potential threats introduced by the proposed mobility support mechanism is also given. We demonstrate that our design in XIA outperforms IP based solutions in terms of efficiency and flexibility. We also outline our initial design to illustrate one derivative benefit of an evolvable architecture:mobility support customizability with no sacrifice of architectural generality.

支持-表达性团体干预在脑梗死恢复期高压氧治疗病人中的应用

目的:探究支持-表达性团体干预对脑梗死恢复期高压氧治疗病人恐惧疾病进展与自我感受负担的影响。方法:采取便利抽样法选取2022年1月—2023年4月在我院接受高压氧治疗的110例脑梗死恢复期病人为研究对象,为避免科室内沾染,将2022年1月—8月收治的55例病人列为对照组,实施常规护理,2022年9月—2023年4月收治的55例病人列为研究组,在对照组基础上实施支持-表达性团体干预。比较两组病人干预前后恐惧疾病进展与自我感受负担水平。结果:干预4周后,研究组病人恐惧疾病进展量表和自我感受负担量表的总分及各维度得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:支持-表达性团体干预能够降低脑梗死恢复期高压氧治疗病人对疾病进展的恐惧程度,减轻其自我感受负担水平。

Molecular Characterization of Cotton 14-3-3L Gene Preferentially Expressed During Fiber Elongation

The 14-3-3 protein, highly conserved in all eukaryotic cells, is an important regulatory protein. It plays an important role in the growth, amplification, apoptosis, signal transduction, and other crucial life activities of cells. A eDNA encoding a putative 14-3-3 protein was isolated from cotton fiber eDNA library. The eDNA, designated as Gh14-3-3L （Gossypium hirsutum 14-3-3-like）, is 1,029 bp in length （including a 762 bp long open reading frame and 5＇-/3＇-untranslated regions） and deduced a protein with 253 amino acids. The GhI4-3-3L shares higher homology with the known plant 14-3-3 proteins, and possesses the basic structure of 14-3-3 proteins： one dimeric domain, one phosphoralated-serine rich motif, four CC domains, and one EF Hand motif. Northern blotting analysis showed that Gh14-3-3L was predominantly expressed during early fiber development, and reached to the peak of expression in 10 days post anthers （DPA） fiber cells, suggesting that the gene may be involved in regulating fiber elongation. The gene is also expressed at higher level in both ovule and petal, but displays lower or undeteetable level of activity in other tissues of cotton.

Expressions of MMP-2,-9,TIMP-1,-2,-3 mRNA in Rat Uterus during Estrous Cycle

Zymography and in situ hybridization were used to investigate matrixmetalloproteinase -2, -9 (MMP -2, MMP-9) activities and expressions of MMP -2, -9 and TIMP1, -2, -3 (tissue inhibitors of matrix metallo-proteinases) mRNA in the rat uterus during estrouscycle. The relative activity was semiquanted by using densitometric analysis. The MMP-2(67 kDa) activity in every stage during estrpus cycle was detected by zymography. MMP-2activity was highest at proestrus; higher at estrus and metaestrus; lowest at diestrus. Throughin situ hybridization, MMP -2, -9, TIMP -1~ -3 mRNA mainly in hasal stroma cells of uterineendometrium were detected. The positive signals of MMP -2 and -9 mRNAs in hasal stromacells were shown stronger at proestrus, estrus and metaestrus while they showed the weakest atdiestrus. The expression of MMP -2 mRNA coincided with MMP -2 activity change. MMP-2and -9 mRNAs were also highly expressed in uterine circular muscle at estrus. Weak signals ofMMP -9 mRNA were detected in uterine luminal and glandular epithelial cells at estrus.TIMP -1 mRNA in hasal stroma cells was shown as the strongest expression at estrus andmetaestrus; stronger at proestrus and the weakest at diestrus. TIMP-2 mRNA in basal stromacells was stronger at estrus and diestrus; weaker at proestrus and metaestrus. TIMP -1 and -2mRNAs were also highly expressed in uterine luminal and glandular epithelial cells at estrus.TIMP -3 mRNA in hasal stroma cells revealed the strongest expression at estrus; stronger atdiestrus and metaestrus and showed the weakest at proestrus. The mRNA was also highlyexpressed in uterine circular muscle at estrus. In short, our present results provide evidencethat MMP -2, -9 and TIMP -1~ -3 were involved in rat uterine endometrium reconstructionduring estrous cycle.

Clinical implication of 14-3-3 epsilon expression in gastric cancer

AIM:To evaluate for the first time the protein and mRNA expression of 14-3-3εin gastric carcinogenesis.METHODS:14-3-3εprotein expression was determined by western blotting,and mRNA expression was examined by real-time quantitative RT-PCR in gastric tumors and their matched non-neoplastic gastric tissue samples.RESULTS:Authors observed a significant reduction of 14-3-3εprotein expression in gastric cancer(GC)samples compared to their matched non-neoplastic tissue.Reduced levels of 14-3-3εwere also associated with diffuse-type GC and early-onset of this pathology.Our data suggest that reduced 14-3-3εmay have a role in gastric carcinogenesis process.CONCLUSION:Our results reveal that the reduced 14-3-3εexpression in GC and investigation of 14-3-3ε interaction partners may help to elucidate the carcino-genesis process.

Differences of aroma development and metabolic pathway gene expression between Kyoho and 87-1 grapes

Aroma is an important quality trait of grapes and often the focus of consumers,viticulturists and grapevine breeders.Kyoho is a hybrid between Vitis vinifera and Vitis labrusca with a strawberry-like scent,while 87-1 is an early-ripening mutant of Muscat hamburg,belonging to Vitis vinifera,with a rose scent.In this study,we compared their aroma compositions and concentrations during berry development by headspace-SPME combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and analyzed the expression differences of enzyme-encoding genes in the LOX-HPL,MEP and MVA metabolic pathways by qRT-PCR.Twelve esters were detected in Kyoho during the whole berry development and they were abundant after veraison,but no esters were detected in 87-1 berries.Linalool was the dominant terpene among the 14 terpenes detected in 87-1 berries,while limited amounts of terpenes were detected in Kyoho berries.qRT-PCR analysis indicated that the low expression of VvAAT might explain the low content of ester volatiles in 87-1 berries,and the low expression of coding genes in the MEP pathway,especially VvPNLin Ner1,might be the reason for the low content of volatile terpenes in Kyoho berries.The results from this work will promote our understanding of aroma metabolic mechanisms of grapes,and offer some suggestions for grape aromatic quality improvement.

Cloning of α-β fusion gene from Clostridium perfringens and its expression

AIM： To study the cloning of α-β fusion gene from Closindium perfringens and the immunogenidty of 0-6 fusion expression. METHODS： Cloning was accomplished after PCR amplification from strains NCTC64609 and C58-1 of the protective antigen genes of α-toxin and β-toxin. The fragment of the gene was cloned using plasmid pZCPAB. This fragment coded for the gene with the stable expression of α-β fusion gene binding. In order to verify the exact location of the α-β fusion gene, domain plasmids were constructed. The two genes were fused into expression vector pBV221. The expressed α-β fusion protein was identified by ELISA, SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and neutralization assay. RESULTS： The protective co-toxin gene （cpa906） and the β-toxin gene （cpb930） were obtained. The recombinant plasmid pZCPAB carrying α-β fusion gene was constructed and transformed into BL21（DE3）. The recombinant strain BL21（DE3）（pZCPAB） was obtained. After the recombinant strain BL21（DE3）（pZCPAB） was induced by 42℃, its expressed product was about 22.14% of total cellular protein at SDS-PAGE and thin-layer gel scanning analysis. Neutralization assay indicated that the antibody induced by immunization with α-βfusion protein could neutralize the toxicity of α-toxin and β-toxin. CONCLUSION： The obtained α-toxin and β-toxin genes are correct. The recombinant strain BL21（DE3）（pZCPAB） could produce α-β fusion protein. This protein can be used for immunization and is immunogenic. The antibody induced by immunization with α-β fusion protein could neutralize the toxicity of α-toxin and β-toxin.

Cloning and Expression of a Chitinase Gene from Serratia marcescens Strain C8-8

A 1 692 bp long chitinase-encoding ch/A gene was cloned from the genomic DNA of Serrat/a marcescens strain C8-8 by PCR, which was speculated to en- code a 563 aa long polypeptide chain with molecular weight of about 60.9 kD. Homolog analysis showed that the chiA gene sequence cloned from C8-8 shared the highest similarity with cMA sequences from Serrat/a maresscens strains 141 （ DQ 990373.1 ） and 14041 （ DQ 493896. 1 ）, which reached 99%. Domain analysis showed that N-termlnal （23 aa） of the chiA gene cloned from C8-8 harbored typical signal peptide sequence, while C-telminal harbored the other two domains, in- eluding the PKD region （73 aa） and chitinase catalytic region （387 aa）. The PCR fragment was digested with restriction endonucleases and cloned into plasmid pET28a. The recombinant plasmid pET＇28a-ch/A was firstly transformed into Escherichia coli DI-I5 , and then transformed into expression host E. coli DH3 to express ch/A gene. The recombinant strain DH3 chiA could produce transparent hydrolysis circles on the colloidal chitin plate induced by isopropyl-l-thiogalactopyranoside （IFrG）. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis analysis showed that, a protein with relative molecular weight of about 60 kD was expressed by the recombinant strain DH3 chiA, which was consistent with the except molecular weight. After initial purification, biological activity test showed that the recombinant expression product could hydrolyze chitin, which produced transparent hydrolysis circles on the colloidal chitin plates. Results indicated that chiA gene from Serrat/a marcescens strain C8-8 had biological functions and could be utilized as a potential biological control factor.

小麦TaPAT1-2D基因的克隆与表达分析

GRAS(GIBBERELLIN-INSENSITIVE, repressor of ga1-3 and SCARECROW)基因家族作为重要的植物转录因子在调控植物生长发育、抵抗逆境胁迫的各种信号转导途径中发挥重要作用。为进一步挖掘该家族小麦抗赤霉病相关基因,从禾谷镰刀菌诱导的小麦转录组测序数据筛选出差异表达基因TaPAT1-2D(TraesCS2D02G198200.1),克隆该基因的全长序列,并对其进行生物信息学和表达模式分析,以及亚细胞定位和酵母转录激活活性研究。生物信息学分析结果表明:TaPAT1-2D序列全长1 668 bp,编码555个氨基酸,分子量约为61.34 ku;TaPAT1-2D蛋白含有典型GRAS功能结构域,在进化关系上与水稻OsCIGR2(LOC_Os07g39470.1)关系较近;TaPAT1-2D启动子区包含茉莉酸甲酯、脱落酸、生长素等植物激素响应元件与光应答元件等。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,接种禾谷镰刀菌孢子液72 h后,TaPAT1-2D基因在4个不同赤霉病抗性小麦品种中的相对表达水平明显上调,表明该基因参与赤霉病的响应过程。农杆菌介导的烟草中瞬时表达试验结果表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白定位于细胞核和细胞膜中。酵母转录激活活性实验表明,TaPAT1-2D蛋白具有转录自激活能力。研究结果为深入研究TaPAT1-2D基因的功能奠定了基础。

Expression Analysis of 14-3-3 Gene in Tall Fescue under Several Abiotic Stresses

To study the functions of 14-3-3 gene family in tall fescue, the potential functions of 13 14-3-3 proteins in Arabidopsis were investigated by bioinformatic analysis. Based on the sequences of 14-3-3 genes in tall fescue by transcriptome and proteomic sequencing, the full-length cDNA sequences of 4 14-3-3 genes in tall fescue were obtained. Their sequences were aligned by Clustal W2. The results showed that the genetic relationships between 14-3-3A and 14-3-3D, 14-3-3B and 14-3-3C are closer, and their main structures are very conservative. The changes in expression levels of 14-3-3 genes under low nitrogen, drought, high temperature and high salt stresses were investigated by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The expres- sion level of 14-3-3A makes responses to low nitrogen, drought, high temperature and high salt stresses; the expression levels of other genes also make responses to abiotic stresses in varying degrees, but the relevant response mechanisms are not exactly the same. Therefore, it is speculated that the 14-3-3 gene family regu- lates stress resistance of plants through different pathways, and functional differenti- ation occurs during its evolution.

Expression Pattern and Target Gene of bbu-miR-103-1 in Buffalo(Bubalus bubalis) at Lactation and Non-lactation Periods

[ Objectivel The paper aimed to investigate the expression pattern of bbu-miR-103-1 in buffalo （Bubalus bubalis） at lactation and non-lactation periods, and to predict its target gene and function. [ Method] Expression pattern of bbu-miR-103-1 at lactation and non-lactation periods were detected by qRT-PCR. The precursor expression plasmid of bbu-miR-103-1 was constructed and named LpEZX-pre-miR-103-1. It was packaged and propagated to produce high-titer lenti- virus in 293T cell lines, which could be used to infect buffalo mammary epithelial cells （BMECs） and over express bbu-miR-103-1. The inhibitor of bbu-miR- 103-1 was chemically synthesized and transfected into BMECs to suppress bbu-miR-103-1 at the same time. The relative expression of pantothenate kinase 3 （ PANK3 ） and milk fat metabolism related genes were detected by qRT-PCR. [ Result] The relative expression of bbu-miR-103-1 at lactation period was 5.29 times higher than that at non-lactation period in buffalo （ P 〈 0.01 ）. The LpEZX-pre-miR-103-1 had been successfully constructed and packaged with the infection titer of 3.47×10^6 PFU/mL. Overexpress or suppress of bbu-miR-103-1 extremely down-regulated or up-regulated the expression level of PANK3 in BMECs （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Over expression of bbu-miR-103~l extremely enhanced the expression of Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha（ACACA）, Glycerol-3-phosphate acyhransferase 1 mitochon- drial （GPAM）, Diacylglycerol Oacyhransferase l （DGAT1） and Pyrnvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 （PDK4） （P 〈0.01 ）, and also significantly up-regulated the expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein-1 c （SREBPI c）, Adipose differentiation-related protein （ADFP）, Cluster of differentiation 36 （ CD36）, Acetyl-CoA synthetase short-chain subfamily member 1 （ACSS1） （P 〈0.05）. Over expression of bbu-miR-103-1 down-regulated the expression of PANK3, and improved the mRNA level of SREBPlc by feedback regulation, finally promoting the de novo synthesis of fatty acid beginning with ACACA. [ Conclusion] bbu-miR-103-1 plays an important role in enhancing milk fatty acid synthesis, which provides a molecular base for revealing formation and regulatory mechanism of high-level milk fat in buffalo.

Parameter Self - Learning of Generalized Predictive Control Using BP Neural Network

This paper describes the self—adjustment of some tuning-knobs of the generalized predictive controller(GPC).A three feedforward neural network was utilized to on line learn two key tuning-knobs of GPC,and BP algorithm was used for the training of the linking-weights of the neural network.Hence it gets rid of the difficulty of choosing these tuning-knobs manually and provides easier condition for the wide applications of GPC on industrial plants.Simulation results illustrated the effectiveness of the method.

Self - Crosslinking Behavior of Self - Emulsion Water - Based Polyure-thane Coating Agents

The relation between structures and properties of polyurethane are investigated by modern physical and chemical methods.The results obtained are as follows:the effects of the content of self-crosslinking agent on the properties of polyurethane,i.e.,dispersion stability,dynamical viscoelasticity and mechanical properties are discussed.It is found that the optimum molar ratio of epichlorohydrin and diethylenetriamine is 1:2.A mois-

Culture Self- Consciousness in Transmission of Chinese Philosophy from the Perspective of English Globalization -- Taking the Belt and Road Initiative for Example

The Belt and Road Initiative contains the aspiration of Chinese nation to pursue ideological freedom and desire of strengthening international exchanges and cooperation. This paper takes the Belt and Road Initiative for example,emphasizing the interpretation of the inheritance and development of Chinese culture so as to study the importance of Culture Self-Consciousness in Chinese Philosophy,in the context of English globalization. That is to say,this paper stresses the spirits and the stand of nation 's demonstration on pursuing peace,cooperation and sustainable development in the civilization continuity from traditional China to the contemporary China,with practical philosophic view.

Integrative Self-Organizing Map—A Mean Pattern Model

We propose an integrative self-organizing map (iSOM) for exploring differential expression patterns across multiple microarray experiments. The algorithm is based on the assumption that observed differential expressions are random samples of a mean pattern model which is unknowna priori. The learning mechanism of iSOM is similar to the conventional SOM. The mean pattern model which underlies the proposed iSOM models mean differential expressions using a one-dimension of mean differential expressions for the mean differential expressions. The feature map of an iSOM model can be used to reveal correlation between multiple medically/biologically related disease types or multiple platform experiments for one disease. We illustrate applications of iSOM using simulated data and real data.

Molecular Analysis and Expression Patterns of Four 14-3-3 Genes from Brassica napus L.

In eukaryotes,14-3-3 proteins constitute a family of ubiquitous regulatory molecules.They play very important roles in many cell processes.However,their enconding genes and roles in plants remain to be elucidated.In this paper,four 14-3-3 genes from Brassica napus L.were obtained by randomly sequencing a full-length cDNA library and named as Bn1433-1-4 respectively.The phylogenetic comparison with Arabidopsis 14-3-3 family showed that Bn1433-1 and Bn1433-2 belonged to Episilon group while Bn1433-3 and Bn1433-4 belonged to non-Episilon group.The transcript levels of four Bn1433 genes were analyzed in different organs,various stress conditions and some hormone treatments by real-time PCR.The result showed that all the Bn1433s were expressed constitutively in roots,stems,leaves and immature seeds except that Bn1433-4 exhibited strong expression in immature seeds of 14 and 28 DAF（day after flowering）.By the analysis of real-time PCR,different expression patterns of Bn1433s were studied in various stress conditions and hormone treatments.It was suggested that the functions of Bn1433s are diverse and they are involved in the regulation of various stresses and hormones treatments.