Correlation between Ancestral Temple Worship Sacrifice Culture and Clan Etiquettes in Traditional Settlements of Jiangxi Province

To explore the correlation between ancestor temple sacrifice culture and clan etiquettes in traditional settlements of Jiangxi Province, this paper analyzed origination and development of ancestor temple, focused on the patriarchal thought that respects ancestors and unifies the clan, the relationship between clan power and political power, sacrifice and patriarchy. The research found that the plain clan etiquettes were significant for unifying the clansmen, inheriting historical context, and stabilizing primarylevel organizations in rural areas.

Rapid evolution of T2/S-RNase genes in Fragaria linked to multiple transitions from self-incompatibility to self-compatibility

The T2/RNase gene family is widespread in eukaryotes,and particular members of this family play critical roles in the gametophytic self-incompatibility(GSI) system in plants.Wild diploid strawberry(Fragaria)species have diversified their sexual systems via self-incompatible and self-compatible traits,yet how these traits evolved in Fragaria remains elusive.By integrating the published and de novo assembled genomes and the newly generated RNA-seq data,members of the RNase T2 gene family were systematically identified in six Fragaria species,including three self-incompatible species(Fragaria nipponica,Fragaria nubicola,and Fragaria viridis) and three self-compatible species(Fragaria nilgerrensis,Fragaria vesca,and Fragaria iinumae).In total,115 RNase T2 genes were identified in the six Fragaria genomes and can be classified into three classes(Ⅰ-Ⅲ) according to phylogenetic analysis.The identified RNase T2 genes could be divided into 22 homologous gene sets according to amino acid sequence similarity and phylogenetic and syntenic relationships.We found that extensive gene loss and pseudogenization coupled with small-scale duplications mainly accounted for variations in the RNase T2 gene numbers in Fragaria.Multiple copies of homologous genes were mainly generated from tandem and segmental duplication events.Furthermore,we newly identified five S-RNase genes in three self-incompatible Fragaria genomes,including two in F.nipponica,two in F.viridis,and one in F.nubicola,which fit for typical features of a pistil determinant,including highly pistil-specific expression,highly polymorphic proteins and alkaline isoelectric point(pI),while no S-RNase genes were found in all three selfcompatible Fragaria species.Surprisingly,these T2/S-RNase genes contain at least one large intron(>10 kb).This study revealed that the rapid evolution of T2/S-RNase genes within the Fragaria genus could be associated with its sexual mode,and repeated evolution of the self-compatible traits in Fragaria was convergent via losses of S-RNase.

Region coverage control for multiple stratospheric airships with combined self-/event-triggered mechanism

The region coverage control problem of multiple stratospheric airships system is firstly addressed in this paper.Towards it,we propose a two-layer control framework with the artificial potential field(APF)-based region coverage control law and the adaptive tracking control law.The APF-based region coverage control law ensures the coverage task is achieved until every single stratospheric airship ends up performing station keeping where near the respective global minimum point,in which an innovative solution to the local minimum problem is put forward.The adaptive tracking control law is designed to realize motion control using tracking the desired velocity and angular velocity given by coverage control law,with the consideration of several practical control problems as unknown individual differences and external disturbances.To save resources,the combined self-/event-triggered mechanism designed therein significantly reduces the times of state information transmission and control law calculation.The effectiveness of the proposed control framework is verified through simulations.

Tianheng Sea Sacrifice Festival： The Chinese-Style Carnival

The Sea Sacrifice Festival in Tianheng town, Qingdao, China starts from Ming dynasty and enjoys a history ofmore than 500 years. As the largest and most famous festival of offering sacrifice to the sea in China, it developsfrom the traditional ritual performed by fishermen, who intended to pray for blessing and safety from the God ofthe Sea into a huge carnival attending by thousands of people to express their aspiration for a wonderful life andbright future. This day, the sea sacrifice festival has the new social values and cultural connotations due to thechange of life style, the rise of intangible cultural heritage protection activities, and the integration of many otherculture elements, such as Yanko, drum, and Peking opera performance.

Jewish Sources for Iconography of the Akedah/Sacrifice of Isaac in Art of Late Antiquity

The earliest known image of the binding of Isaac,known as the Akedah,is on a Torah shrine in a synagogue in Dura Europos,Syria dating before 244(fig.1).It shows a fully developed iconography of a young Isaac on the altar with the burning wood,the ram by the tree,Abraham holding the knife,and the hand of God issuing from a cloud.Though the visual narrative is largely based on the account of the Akedah in Genesis 22,it also relies on details found in other Jewish literary sources that include the Talmud,Targum Onkelos,Targum Pseudo-Jonathan,commentary on Genesis by Rashi,Midrash account of Pirkei De Rabbi Eliezer,and Genesis Rabbah.This paper will present unexplored Jewish sources for the iconography of the Akedah/Sacrifice of Isaac in art of Late Antiquity.

Preparation of ultrafine core-shell nickel spheres via self-sacrificial template

Self-sacrificial template, which is freshly precipitated Ni(OH)2 colloid, is used to fabricate ultrafine core-shell nickel spheres. The size distribution, morphology, chemical and catalyzed properties of the synthesized spheres can be controlled by regulating the preparation conditions. The varying conditions are: initial nickel ion concentration, the pH value of the solution, the scouring agent and the anion in saline solution. With very little Ni2+ concentration in the solution, the hollow spheres are formed. The higher the alkali content, the more the ultrafine colloidal cores.

Sacrifice（祭祀）

今年五月份的E3展览会，Interplay公司邀请了一些游戏业界和媒体人士在密室内展示了Sacrifice的演示片段，当时所有被邀请的人对这个游戏华丽的图象和独特的游戏方式感到惊讶。

自我与责任:论门罗小说中母亲的牺牲、挣扎与成长

20世纪六七十年代,北美地区掀起了第二波女性主义运动的浪潮,旨在争取性别平等和女性权益,对女性的地位和权利产生了深刻的影响。艾丽丝·门罗的多篇小说描写了这一时代背景之下母亲的身份建构问题,因当时仍处于加拿大社会转型的过渡时期,成为母亲的女性既面对社会伦理的责任要求,又受到解放女性的社会思潮影响,在自我与责任之间徘徊、挣扎。其小说深刻地触及了关于母亲社会角色的定义,揭示了在家庭观、婚姻观变迁时期母亲意识的成长历程,探析了女性自我追寻的深层内涵,激发了女性改变现实的思考和行动。

论妊娠女性生育自主权的行使逻辑——基于权利阈值理论的分析

妻子擅自中止妊娠时,丈夫是否享有侵权损害赔偿请求权,在学界一直存在争议。这一问题本质上是夫妻生育权利冲突时妊娠女性生育自主权的行使逻辑问题,应被放置在权利冲突理论下重新审视。权利的阈值理论可以为探究妊娠女性生育自主权的行使逻辑提供融贯性分析框架。该框架包含两个核心问题,即权利的阈值划定问题与被压倒权利的救济问题。根据妊娠女性生育自主权的阈值划定标准,妊娠女性生育自主权压倒男性生育自主权与生育知情权具有道德可允许性。对于男性被压倒权利的救济问题,根据强关联性原则与强威慑性原则,女性不应承担因压倒男性权利而带来的牺牲补偿责任。

以宗统族——明代岭南地区宗子主祭的礼制实践

宗子主祭作为宗法制的重要原则,为宋明理学家所重视与强调。明代是岭南地区宗族发展的重要时期,部分士大夫尝试运用宗子主祭原则来推动宗族建设,实现以宗统族的理想。以嘉靖初年“大礼议”为界,此前的宗子主祭实践只有何真、湛若水寥寥两例。此后,霍韬、湛若水、黄佐、冼桂奇等相继倡导并践行宗子主祭原则,但在运作过程中很快出现了坚持宗子主祭原则所带来的困境,因此都陆续于万历以后不再坚持这一原则。明代岭南地区宗子主祭的礼制实践,主要依靠强势的族内高官显宦通过其政治与经济实力来推动,一旦相关推动者本人故去,这一原则就很快被后代所抛弃。在这一过程中,理学家所坚持的大宗小宗祭祀原则,逐渐被“始祖—房支”祭祀原则所取代。

历史悠久的清明节及其在地化多样性的表现形式

清明节是国家级非遗,是节气与节日融合的典型代表。清明节历史悠久;清明祭祀是一种典型的中国民间信俗;清明祭祀具有鲜明的在地化和多样性;清明的烈士祭祀既是个人的行为,也是集体的行为,现在是学校爱国主义教育的一种活动形式;清明节习俗丰富多彩,有许多休闲娱乐、娱神娱人的快乐内容。清明节的文化因其内化为民众生活和信俗的一部分而被长期实践,应得到更好的传承与保护。

康熙朝太常祭祀乐制建设中乐律的制度化——以《律吕正义》的生成为中心

清王朝建立以后,乐制建设在艰难中缓慢转型。康熙前期,太常祭祀乐制有所创制,如定太常寺乐舞生、定乐器,以及在理学阴阳思想观照下提出对乐律的再讨论。康熙后期,重考乐律,将理学阴阳思想作为康熙十四律的理论支撑,依据精密计算,用字谱、旋宫体现其实践性。《律吕正义》成书以后,康熙迅速将新律用于太常祭祀,并亲定全部雅乐。因此《律吕正义》的诞生标志着帝王意志对乐律的重塑,体现出帝王治世与文化思想的相互呼应,也是“乐律”这一科学性概念的制度化体现。

祀与戎:谁持彩练当空舞?——读王子今《中国女军史》

父权制社会中“战争让女人走开”即成定论,女人因此“未载史册”似乎是天经地义的。王子今《中国女军史》从现代人的视角出发,以大量翔实的史料为依据,证明中国战争史上女性始终是在场的,为“女军”在公众视野中消失及其历史性的缺席讨公道。王子今依托训练有素的史学涵养,在不可见的“女军”名下让我们依稀看到了沿袭有序的“史”的线索。在《中国女军史》的基础上对“女人与战争”的关系作宏观梳理,可在中华文明的地缘文化属性中对妇女参战及其相关的军事活动作性别分析。

《民法典》视域下离婚家务劳动补偿制度的理论基础、司法适用与体系协调

《民法典》第1088条扩大了离婚家务劳动补偿制度的适用范围,具有正当性、合理性的理由以及价值基础。在法定夫妻共同财产制下,离婚时通过分割夫妻共同财产不能得到适当补偿的,家务劳动付出较多一方可主张家务劳动补偿。家务劳动补偿中的“负担较多义务”包括两种特定牺牲情形:一是抚养子女、照料老人;二是协助另一方工作。特定牺牲必须建立在家庭利益最大化的基础之上。在确定家务劳动补偿数额时可以综合考量家庭劳务的时间、投入家庭劳务的精力、劳务的效益、负担较多家庭义务一方的信赖利益等因素。体现不同价值目标的离婚救济三大制度中,离婚损害赔偿与离婚家务劳动补偿并不矛盾,也不冲突,应独立进行判断。如果损害赔偿或家务劳动补偿已经消除了原本“生活困难”的客观状况,则不能叠加适用离婚经济帮助制度。

灾害救助中的集体利益与给付请求权

在灾害救助中,介于公共利益和个体利益之间的集体利益存在着如何界定与代表的难题。对灾害救助义务进行类型化分析,可识别出不同类型的集体利益,从而明确救助的授益指向。由此可进一步探讨补偿的四类给付请求权,即因灾害应对所作特别牺牲的补偿请求权、复建社会基础设施请求权、复建经济基础设施请求权,以及必要的程序性集体给付请求权。灾害救助与重建的公共基础设施具有极强的“属人性”特征,集体成员可将“个人权利及其实现的必要条件”作为其代表主张实体请求权的基础,并参与到救济程序中。集体给付请求权的实现未必需要“增量”的救助资源,只需要优化“存量”资源的配置。

“尸毗救鸽”故事的三元结构与世界流传

随着佛教的传播,尸毗救鸽的故事在欧亚大陆文化史中留下许多文本与变体。从叙事结构看,尸毗王割肉喂鹰贸鸽具备“袭击者、保护者、被保护者”三方元素,并在某些故事中出现了“问答”环节。尸毗救鸽是一个以“利他式牺牲”为文化内核的世界性跨文化原型,“利他”意识与行为来自早期人类认识世界、改造世界的经验,“三元结构”是保护和保证这个内核被不断复制的文化传播机制。不管三元结构在不同时代不同地域变化出多少种表现样貌,其根本都是为了把“利他”这个原型种子传播出去、生长起来。历史故事尸毗救鸽的流传与流布是文化传播研究的典型案例。