Self-serving bias suggests that people tend to attribute success to internal factors and attribute failure to external factors （Bradley, J Pers Soc Psychol 36：56-71,1978; Miller and Ross, Psychol Bull 82：213-225,1...Self-serving bias suggests that people tend to attribute success to internal factors and attribute failure to external factors （Bradley, J Pers Soc Psychol 36：56-71,1978; Miller and Ross, Psychol Bull 82：213-225,1975）. However, the results of the attribution of failure are not always consistent. Some studies have found that people attribute failure to external factors （Snyder, Stephan, ＆ Rosenfileld, 1976） and others suggest that people attribute failure to internal factors （Ross et al., J Pers Soc Psychol 29：609- 618,1974）. I tested self-serving bias in two different contexts in China's Mainland： in one, test results were public （students had access to each other＇s test results） and in the other, test results were private （students only had access to his/her own results）. When a context triggers individuals to compare themselves to others, individuals may alter their attribution of failure in order to preserve their self-image and self- esteem. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, and the results show that in a public context people tend to attribute failure more to external factors than to themselves. Also, results suggest that people attribute failure less to themselves in a public context than in a private context.展开更多
Due to the fact that conventional heuristic attribute reduction algorithms are poor in running efficiency and difficult in accomplishing the co-evolutionary reduction mechanism in the decision table, an adaptive multi...Due to the fact that conventional heuristic attribute reduction algorithms are poor in running efficiency and difficult in accomplishing the co-evolutionary reduction mechanism in the decision table, an adaptive multicascade attribute reduction algorithm based on quantum-inspired mixed co-evolution is proposed. First, a novel and efficient self- adaptive quantum rotation angle strategy is designed to direct the participating populations to mutual adaptive evolution and to accelerate convergence speed. Then, a multicascade model of cooperative and competitive mixed co-evolution is adopted to decompose the evolutionary attribute species into subpopulations according to their historical performance records, which can increase the diversity of subpopulations and select some elitist individuals so as to strengthen the sharing ability of their searching experience. So the global optimization reduction set can be obtained quickly. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm can achieve a higher performance for attribute reduction, and it can be considered as a more competitive heuristic algorithm on the efficiency and accuracy of minimum attribute reduction.展开更多
采用优于平均效应、自我服务归因偏向和内隐测验三种方法测量中国大学生的自我提升,并在前两种方法中考虑"每个人都优于平均水平"机制(everyone is better than average,EBTA),探讨中国人的自我提升动机及其表现形式。结果发...采用优于平均效应、自我服务归因偏向和内隐测验三种方法测量中国大学生的自我提升,并在前两种方法中考虑"每个人都优于平均水平"机制(everyone is better than average,EBTA),探讨中国人的自我提升动机及其表现形式。结果发现:自我提升中存在EBTA机制;排除EBTA机制后,优于平均效应和自我服务归因偏向依然存在;大学生存在内隐自我提升;内隐自我提升值与外显自我提升值显著正相关。展开更多
文摘Self-serving bias suggests that people tend to attribute success to internal factors and attribute failure to external factors （Bradley, J Pers Soc Psychol 36：56-71,1978; Miller and Ross, Psychol Bull 82：213-225,1975）. However, the results of the attribution of failure are not always consistent. Some studies have found that people attribute failure to external factors （Snyder, Stephan, ＆ Rosenfileld, 1976） and others suggest that people attribute failure to internal factors （Ross et al., J Pers Soc Psychol 29：609- 618,1974）. I tested self-serving bias in two different contexts in China's Mainland： in one, test results were public （students had access to each other＇s test results） and in the other, test results were private （students only had access to his/her own results）. When a context triggers individuals to compare themselves to others, individuals may alter their attribution of failure in order to preserve their self-image and self- esteem. Data were analyzed by repeated measure ANOVA, and the results show that in a public context people tend to attribute failure more to external factors than to themselves. Also, results suggest that people attribute failure less to themselves in a public context than in a private context.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 61139002,61171132)the Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education (No. CXZZ11_0219 )+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK2010280)the Open Project of Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Information Processing Technology (No. KJS1023)the Applying Study Foundation of Nantong(No. BK2011062)
文摘Due to the fact that conventional heuristic attribute reduction algorithms are poor in running efficiency and difficult in accomplishing the co-evolutionary reduction mechanism in the decision table, an adaptive multicascade attribute reduction algorithm based on quantum-inspired mixed co-evolution is proposed. First, a novel and efficient self- adaptive quantum rotation angle strategy is designed to direct the participating populations to mutual adaptive evolution and to accelerate convergence speed. Then, a multicascade model of cooperative and competitive mixed co-evolution is adopted to decompose the evolutionary attribute species into subpopulations according to their historical performance records, which can increase the diversity of subpopulations and select some elitist individuals so as to strengthen the sharing ability of their searching experience. So the global optimization reduction set can be obtained quickly. The experimental results show that, compared with the existing algorithms, the proposed algorithm can achieve a higher performance for attribute reduction, and it can be considered as a more competitive heuristic algorithm on the efficiency and accuracy of minimum attribute reduction.
文摘采用优于平均效应、自我服务归因偏向和内隐测验三种方法测量中国大学生的自我提升,并在前两种方法中考虑"每个人都优于平均水平"机制(everyone is better than average,EBTA),探讨中国人的自我提升动机及其表现形式。结果发现:自我提升中存在EBTA机制;排除EBTA机制后,优于平均效应和自我服务归因偏向依然存在;大学生存在内隐自我提升;内隐自我提升值与外显自我提升值显著正相关。
