Improving autoencoder-based unsupervised damage detection in uncontrolled structural health monitoring under noisy conditions

Structural health monitoring is widely utilized in outdoor environments,especially under harsh conditions,which can introduce noise into the monitoring system.Therefore,designing an effective denoising strategy to enhance the performance of guided wave damage detection in noisy environments is crucial.This paper introduces a local temporal principal component analysis(PCA)reconstruction approach for denoising guided waves prior to implementing unsupervised damage detection,achieved through novel autoencoder-based reconstruction.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed denoising method significantly enhances damage detection performance when guided waves are contaminated by noise,with SNR values ranging from 10 to-5 dB.Following the implementation of the proposed denoising approach,the AUC score can elevate from 0.65 to 0.96 when dealing with guided waves corrputed by noise at a level of-5 dB.Additionally,the paper provides guidance on selecting the appropriate number of components used in the denoising PCA reconstruction,aiding in the optimization of the damage detection in noisy conditions.

Socio-Economic and Health Indicators’ Relation to Self-Assessed Health: A Case Study of Phai Tha Pho, Phichit Province, Thailand

Background: Self-assessed health (SAH) is used as a common method of sociology research to understand the implications of self-reported health and the link to social factors like education, income, and occupation. The paper explores the impact of socio-economic and health indicators on self-assessed health in the middle-aged to the senior population in a rural community in Thailand. Methods: Primary data were collected after conducting a randomized sampling for 100 people using direct interviews in two locations within the sub-district of Phai Tha Pho, Thailand. The target demographic was the middle-age to elderly population. A logit model was applied to the collected samples. Results: The study highlights that higher education, income, and sleep are high predictors for positive SAH while high blood sugar level has significant adverse effects on SAH. Detection of metabolic syndrome further indicates degraded overall health perception over time. Conclusion: The study demonstrated the relationship between socio-economic indicators and illnesses alongside individual SAH in rural Thailand. Accordingly, policies have been proposed that include targeted subsidies for healthy food alternatives, promoting work-rest balance at all levels, and an expansion of sub-district education up to secondary school. SAH can be performed regularly and expanded across communities including areas of low-income living due to its low implementation costs. It could also be used as a tool to support the government’s public health initiatives complementing the existing five-year direct health check-up programme. A comparative study of SAH across regions is recommended for future research.

The Impact of Physiotherapy Interventions on the Elderly Population with Mental Health Conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. A Pre-Post Single Sample Study Design

Background: Physical functional decline is common among elderly individuals with mental disorders, worsening their symptoms. Physiotherapy interventions have shown some evidence in improving physical function and mental health outcomes in this population. This study aimed to assess the impact of physiotherapy interventions on the elderly with mental health conditions at Chainama Hills College Hospital in Zambia. Methods: A pre-post single sample design was used to track patient progress over six weeks, with 10 physiotherapy sessions. The study population (N = 30) comprised of all elderly individuals with mental health conditions, encompassing both men and women, who were hospitalized during the research period. The Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living and the six-minute walk test were evaluated before and after the intervention. The IBM SPSS version 26 was used to analyze data and results were presented as mean ± SD with a 95% confidence interval. The variables were described in terms of their mean, SD, and range. A significance level of 0.05 was used for a paired T-test to detect changes and multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with mental health. Results: Following the intervention, the percentage of participants achieving full function and independence increased significantly to 96.7% from the initial 73.3%, supported by a 95% CI = [0.82 - 0.99]. There was also a notable decrease in the proportion of individuals experiencing moderate impairment, dropping from 26.7% to just 3.3%, with a corresponding 95% CI = [0.00 - 0.17]. Conclusion: The findings derived from this study illustrate an enhancement in the aspects of participants’ overall health and functional condition, including blood pressure, heart rate, and respiratory rate. Consequently, physiotherapy exercises can be employed as a tactic to ameliorate the functional status and physical well-being of older individuals afflicted with mental disorders in Zambia.

Statistical Models for Condition Monitoring and State of Health Estimation of Lithium-Ion Batteries for Ships

Battery systems are increasingly being used for powering ocean going ships,and the number of fully electric or hybrid ships relying on battery power for propulsion is growing.To ensure the safety of such ships,it is important to monitor the available energy that can be stored in the batteries,and classification societies typically require the state of health(SOH)to be verified by independent tests.This paper addresses statistical modeling of SOH for maritime lithium-ion batteries based on operational sensor data.Various methods for sensor-based,data-driven degradation monitoring will be presented,and advantages and challenges with the different approaches will be discussed.The different approaches include cumulative degradation models and snapshot models,models that need to be trained and models that need no prior training,and pure data-driven models and physics-informed models.Some of the methods only rely on measured data,such as current,voltage,and temperature,whereas others rely on derived quantities such as state of charge.Models include simple statistical models and more complicated machine learning techniques.Insight from this exploration will be important in establishing a framework for data-driven diagnostics and prognostics of maritime battery systems within the scope of classification societies.

Physical activity and exercise in children with chronic health conditions

In the last two or three decades,physical activity(PA) has gained increasing recognition as being essential for maintaining good health and improving quality of life for all ages.Children have traditionally been active in both free play and organized sports.However,there has been a recent decline in the PA levels among children for various reasons.This lifestyle change has resulted in increased obesity accompanied by a rise in diabetes and cardiovascular risk among otherwise healthy children.These lifestyle changes have been shown to be even more a problem when the child is already affected by a chronic disease.Due to medical limitations and contraindications,much care must be taken to make certain that these children are involved in the appropriate volume and intensity of exercise.The type of activity must also be given careful consideration to avoid undue risk for the child who may have problems such as poor balance,limited strength,poor vision,or cognitive disability.Further complications are either caused or exacerbated by lack of sufficient PA.The priority beyond concern for safety should be focused on ensuring the highest quality of life possible.The purpose of this review is to examine how PA can benefit children with selected chronic health conditions.

Tool Health Condition Recognition Method for High Speed Milling of Titanium Alloy Based on Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Long Short Term Memory (LSTM)

The healthy condition of the milling tool has a very high impact on the machining quality of the titanium components.Therefore,it is important to recognize the healthy condition of the tool and replace the damaged cutter at the right time.In order to recognize the health condition of the milling cutter,a method based on the long short term memory(LSTM)was proposed to recognize tool health state in this paper.The various signals collected in the tool wear experiments were analyzed by time-domain statistics,and then the extracted data were generated by principal component analysis(PCA)method.The preprocessed data extracted by PCA is transmitted to the LSTM model for recognition.Compared with back propagation neural network(BPNN)and support vector machine(SVM),the proposed method can effectively utilize the time-domain regulation in the data to achieve higher recognition speed and accuracy.

Self-assessed health and its aspects in the case of Mongolia

Self health assessment is a simple indicator that is widely used for measuring an individual’s perception of his or her overall health. Many studies have been conducted by way of showing which particular aspects should be included in health self assessment, especially in developed world. In the developing world, however, very few studies have examined self health assessment. The aim of this study was to identify particular aspects and associations in self health assessment and differences between subgroups in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The area sampling approach and Kish tables were used for selecting respondents. Total 500 respondents were surveyed by paper-based questionnaires. Spearman’s analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to show relations between variables. Sociodemographic status, such as age and gender, proved to be important in self health assessment. Other factors affecting self health assessment included the number of family members, daily life and lifestyles, social environment, community motivation, and utilization of health services. Women, the elderly, or people with less-than- normal access to information suffer from poor self-assessed health. People who are socially inactive and who have poor living conditions are less likely to use health care services and are likely to assess their health as “poor.” In order to reduce the poor self-assessed health status it is important to address disparities in socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, employment, and residential area. In addition, more attention should be paid to community and health services, as well as to health promotion and empowerment activities, including income-generation activities. Further research is also needed, however, for better understanding of about the local people and their health-related issues.

Real-time Health Condition Evaluation on Wind Turbines Based on Operational Condition Recognition

针对大型风电机组运行工况和状态信息复杂，健康状态难以准确评价的问题，提出基于工况辨识的健康状态实时评价方法。该方法充分考虑机组运行工况的复杂性和多变性，采用工况辨识实现运行工况空间的划分。在各运行工况子空间，建立基于高斯混合模型（gaussianmixturemodel，GMM）多状态特征融合的健康状态评价模型。采用健康衰退指数（healthdegradationindex，HDI）作为机组健康状态评价指标，并给出健康衰退报警限的确定方法。该方法用于某1．5MW风电机组传动系统故障前的健康状态评价。结果表明，该方法提前监测到机组健康状态的衰退趋势，可实现故障的早期预报，避免严重故障发生，并为合理调整运行和安排维修提供依据。

The Relationship between Working Conditions and Adverse Health Symptoms of Employee in Solar Greenhouse

To determine the correlation between the working environment and the health status of employees in solar greenhouse, 1171 employees were surveyed. The results show the ＇Greenhouse diseases＇ are affected by many factors. Among general uncomforts, the morbidity of the bone and joint damage is the highest and closely related to labor time and age. Planting summer squash and wax gourd more easilv cause skin pruritus.

Relationship among Health Related Quality of Life, Quality of Sleep, and Oral Health Condition

Japan’s aging rate (ratio of elderly aged 65 and older to total population) has exceeded 20%. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationships between Health Related Quality of Life, Body Mass Index (BMI), and sleep quality. Subjects were 51 adults over 55 years old with chronic disease who living in the community. Instruments and structured interviews were used giving due consideration to privacy. Interviews were conducted within 10 - 20 minutes at the out-patient department. The evaluation instruments included bodymass index, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). A significant positive correlation (ρ = 0.321, p < 0.05) between PSQI and QOL (OHIP-14) scores was confirmed with sleep quality being lower with lower QOL scores. A negative correlation (ρ = ?0.339, p < 0.05) between physical health component summary scores (PCS) and mental health component summary scores (MCS) of HRQOL was confirmed, demonstrating that PCS was low, and the level of MCS was high. Sleep quality was found lower among those with lower oral health-related QOL scores. Moreover, in subjects with lower MCS scores, the PCS scores were found to be higher. Accordingly, it was considered appropriate that dental treatment and care, support the maintenance of activities and sleep, and mental health promotion which are likely requisites critical for elderly persons’ maintenance of independent lifestyles in their familiar community.

Territorial Analysis of Medical-geographycal Conditions and the Problems of Health of the Population of the Republic of Uzbekistan

The Republic of Uzbekistan differs amongst other countries of the Central Asia by its peculiar medical-geographical conditions. Uzbekistan has dry, roast summer and cool winter which is uncharacteristic to subtropical climate. These factors have certain influence on health of the population. The meteorological conditions of each season promote the activations or decrease of various diseases in the Republic. The growth of the diseases of digestive organs, respiratory apparatus and cardiovascular diseases cause the special anxiety in the country. The analysis shows that from 1999 to 2009 nosogeographical situation is mostly worsened in Navaiy region. On the contrary, in the regions of Dzhizak, Samarkand and Khorezm common sickness rate of the population is decreased slightly.

Health risk of whole body vibration in mining trucks during various operational conditions

Mining machineries are generally exposed to intensive vibrations in harsh mining environment. If vibrations are beyond the tolerable limit, the machine and its operator health will be under the risk. In this work, the vibration of a mining truck at different operational conditions are simulated and discussed. To achieve this aim, three haul roads with low, medium and poor qualities are considered based on the ISO standard. Accordingly, the vibration of a mining truck in different speeds, payload and distribution qualities of materials in the dump body are evaluated in each haul road quality using Trucksim software. The simulation results with statistical discussions indicate that the truck speed and the materials distribution quality have significant effects on the root mean square(RMS) of vertical vibrations. However, the effect of the payload is not considerable on the RMS. Moreover, the accumulation of materials on the rear side of the truck dump body is efficient on the vibrational health risk.

Research on the Current Condition and Countermeasures of Private Colleges and Universities Student Physique Health Test under the Background of Sunshine Sports

In this paper, we conduct research on the current condition and countermeasures of private colleges and universities student physique health test under background of sunshine sports. For the further reform of basic education thought and education idea, strengthen quality education, widening specialty caliber, and promote the reform of the teaching and scientific research combined, gradually establish a notice to strengthen quality education, integrating imparting knowledge, cultivating basic ability, improve quality, develop base solid foundation, wide knowledge and strong ability and high quality specialized talented person as has the characteristics of era of diversified and comprehensive compound talents training mode and our country higher professional sports curriculum framework should be organized by the teachers, teaching conditions, teaching management, assessment, teaching reform, the teaching effect on conception to form a multi-level, multi-factor curriculum system. With this guidance, we propose the enhanced student physique health test paradigm for the private colleges and universities student that will be innovative.

Evaluating Vegetation Health Condition Using MODIS Data in the Three Gorges Area, China

The satellite-based vegetation condition index(VCI) and temperature condition index(TCI) have been used extensively for drought detection and tracking, the assessment of weather impacts on vegetation and evaluation of the health and productivity of vegetation. In this study, in order to detect and monitor the growth condition of vegetation, we have collected data on vegetation indices and land surface temperature derived from MODIS(2001-2012) and defined a vegetation health index(VHI) based on VCI and TCI for assessing vegetation health condition in the Three Gorges Area, China(TGA). The results of the study show that temporal and spatial characteristics of vegetation health condition can be detected, tracked and mapped by the VHI index. In most parts of the TGA, the vegetation health condition showed an overall increasing trend during the study period, especially in Wulong, Fengdu, Shizhu and other regions located in the midstream sections of the Three Gorges Reservoir. In addition, the four studied vegetation types all showed clear increasing trends during the study period. The increasing trend in the vegetation health condition shows a strong positive correlation with topographical slope and altitude(below 500 m). Over the seasons, this trend is strongest in autumn, followed by spring. However, the correlations between vegetation health condition and climatic factors are more frequently significant in summer and winter than in autumn and spring. The vegetation health condition has been low in 2006 and 2011. This finding is consistent with the extreme weather conditions in those two years. However, only in the summer is vegetation health condition significantly correlated with three climatic factors in most of the study area. This result implies that vegetation growth may show a lagged response to climatic factors and may also be affected by human activities, including agricultural activities, industrial activities and other economic activities.

The effectiveness of mI SMART:A nurse practitioner led technology intervention for multiple chronic conditions in primary care

Aims:Used as integrated tools,technology may improve access and outcomes of care.A new intervention that integrates multiple technologies called mI SMART has been developed,implemented,and evaluated by Nurse Practitioners.The aim of this paper is to present the initial effectiveness of a webbased,structure of sensors and mobile devices designed to overcome the known health determinant of access to care for rural,chronically ill patients by using technology.Methods:The study was conducted at a community primary-care clinic that provides free healthcare to impoverished adults.Adults with at least one chronic condition,a minimum of 3rd grade reading level,and without dementia/psychosis were recruited.Participants were given a Nexus7 tablet and Bluetooth self-monitoring devices.The intervention lasted for 12 weeks.Blood glucose,blood pressure,and weight were collected using the provided Bluetooth devices and means were evaluated with paired-samples ttests before and after the intervention.Results:Thirty participants were majority female,white,married,high-school educated or less,earning less than$20,000 per annum,and had multiple chronic conditions.Pre-intervention glucose,systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,weight and Body Mass Index were all reduced after the 12-week intervention.Conclusions:The mI SMART intervention is efficacious for use in improvised adults living in rural areas with multiple chronic conditions.As previously reported,the intervention was also shown to be feasible and acceptable to patients.The next step is a larger randomized controlled trial.

Sleep conditions and quality of life among patients with ischemic heart disease after elective percutaneous coronary intervention

In Japan, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a major therapeutic intervention for ischemic heart disease (IHD). Previous studies suggested that an association of the risk of IHD caused by sleep duration was related to factors closely associated with daily activities. However, in Japan, there is no study about this relationship objectively measured using the actigraphy in patients with IHD. Moreover, there is little reported data about sleep condition and early outcomes of patient’s Health-Related Quality of Life (QOL) after PCI. This study determines the correlations between sleep conditions and QOL (measured by SF36 version 2) of 25 patients with IHD who underwent elective PCI. Data were collected seven days after PCI using night-sleep condition. Using Spearman’s rank test, the results revealed positive correlation between vitality score and longest sleep duration (ρ = 0.43, p = 0.031): social functioning (SF) score and duration of night-time sleep (ρ = 0.42, p = 0.037);total sleep duration (ρ = 0.45, p = 0.026), and longest sleep duration (ρ = 0.44, p = 0.024);mental health score and longest sleep duration (ρ = 0.54, p = 0.006). However, negative correlation was found between physical functioning score and arousal during sleep (ρ = -0.44, p = 0.027). Sleep condition was significantly correlated with QOL. In particular, SF score was positively related to night-time sleep. This seems to indicate that SF score might be related to night-time sleep condition. Moreover, the longest sleep durations were correlated with the mental component summary. The results of the study suggest that not only the length of whole sleep durations leads to better QOL, but also the increase the amount of uninterrupted sleep.

The Spatial Variation Characteristics of Physical Conditions of College Students in Jiangsu Province

As an important component of national talent resources, the physical conditions of college students appear to be particularly important. Based on geographic information system platform of ArcGIS, this paper builds database to make a statistical analysis on the physical conditions of college students in Jiangsu province in the years of 2012 to 2016, using the analysis function and graphics. The conclusions: 1) The students’ physique conditions in Jiangsu province is in an overall downward trend;2) There are differences between the male and female college students’ physical changes;3) In view of the college students’ physical deterioration degree of agglomeration, different areas should adopt effective measures to strengthen students’ physique.

Review Article on Condition Assessment of Structures Using Electro-Mechanical Impedance Technique

Structural health monitoring(SHM)is a process for determination of presence,location,severity of damages and remaining life of the infrastructures.SHM is widely applied in aerospace,mechanical and civil engineering sys-tems to assess the conditions of structures to improve the operation,safety,serviceability and reliability,respec-tively.There are various SHM techniques for monitoring the health of structures such as global response based and local techniques.Damages occur in the structures due to its inability to withstand intended design loadings,physical environment and chemical environment.Therefore,damage identification is necessary to improve the durability of the structures for protection against catastrophic failure.The research paper is focused on elec-tro-mechanical impedance(EMI)technique which is one of the techniques based on smart materials.The smart materials are utilized for monitoring the health of the structures.These are used for damage determination and its quantification for the interrogated structures.Variation in admittance or impedance signature shows the existence of damage in the structures.Furthermore,the different statistical methods viz.,root mean square deviation(RMSD),mean absolute percentage deviation(MAPD),covariance(Cov),and correlation coefficient(CC)are used for the quantification of damage.Smart material such as piezoelectric materials,its properties and applica-tions are also considered.In this paper,the implementation of EMI technique based on different recent advances in smart materials and their appropriateness have been described.Subsequently,the reviewed investigations are significant for the monitoring of real-life infrastructures.The presented paper is the compact state-of-the-art for EMI technique which is used for SHM.This examination will be valuable to infrastructural health monitoring and engineering applications in respect to innovative research directions.

Part B: The Feasibility and Acceptability of mI SMART, a Nurse-Led Technology Intervention for Multiple Chronic Conditions

Background: An opportunity to improve care of multiple chronic conditions for those living in rural areas of the country may exist through the use of technology. Integrating technology interventions into existing rural health systems allows for increased access to healthcare services and augments self-management ability for patients. However, questions remain about acceptability and feasibility of technology use in rural populations. The purpose of this paper is to present the feasibility of mI-SMART, a HIPAA compliant, web-based, structure of mHealth sensors and mobile devices designed to overcome the known health determinant of access to care for rural, chronically ill patients by using technology. Methods: The study was conducted at a primary-care clinic that provided healthcare at no or low cost to low income adults. Inclusion criteria encompassed adults, with at least one chronic condition, having at least 3rd grade reading level, without having dementia/psychosis. Each participant was given a Nexus7 tablet and Bluetooth self-monitoring devices. Feasibility was evaluated in four ways and acceptability was evaluated with post-intervention questionnaires. Results: Thirty participants [mean age: 52 years (SD: 10.0, range: 29 - 74)] were majority female (70%), white (70%), married (60%), high-school educated or less (56.7%), impoverished (less than $20,000 per annum (56.7%), with multiple chronic conditions (96.7%)). During the trial, all participants were able to transmit data. No error messages were due to the mI-SMART system. Errors were user related and solved with technical support. Mean number of self-monitor transmissions was 219.7 [(SD: 197.4), range: 1 - 733]. Participants logged into the system an average of 163. 1 [(SD: 169.7), range: 2 - 568] times and viewed an average of 1092.1 [(SD: 1205.6), range: 8 - 3851] intervention components. Over eighty-six percent of participants sent data for 12 weeks and 43.1% used the intervention for longer. Conclusions: The mI-SMART system is a feasible option for impoverished persons living in rural areas.

Part A: The Development of mI SMART, a Nurse-Led Technology Intervention for Multiple Chronic Conditions

Background: The treatment of Multiple Chronic Conditions (MCC) is complex for both patients and providers. Used as integrated tools, technology may decrease complexity, remove the barrier of distance to obtain care, and improve outcomes of care. A new platform that integrates multiple technologies for primary health care called mI SMART (Mobile Improvement of Self-Management Ability through Rural Technology) has been developed. The purpose of this paper is to present to development of mI SMART, a nurse-led technology intervention for treating for MCC in primary care. Methods: The creation of mI SMART was guided by the model for developing complex nursing interventions. The model suggests a process for building and informing interventions with the intention of effectiveness, sustainability, and scalability. Each step in the model builds from and informs the previous step. Results: The process resulted in the integrated technologies of mI SMART. The system combines a HIPAA compliant, web-based, structure of mHealth sensors and mobile devices to treat and monitor multiple chronic conditions within an existing free primary care clinic. The mI SMART system allows patients to track diagnoses, medications, lab results, receive reminders for self-management, perform self-monitoring, obtain feedback in real time, engage in education, and attend visits through video conferencing. The system displays a record database to patients and providers that will be integrated into existing Electronic Health Records. Conclusion: By using the model for developing complex nursing interventions, a multifaceted solution to clinical problems was identified. Through modeling and seeking expert review, we have established a sustainable and scalable integrated nurse-led intervention that may increase access and improve outcomes for patients living in rural and underserved areas. The first trial of mI SMART has been completed and evaluated for feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness in persons in rural areas living with multiple chronic conditions.