Ecological network analysis reveals complex responses of tree species life stage interactions to stand variables

Tree interactions are essential for the structure,dynamics,and function of forest ecosystems,but variations in the architecture of life-stage interaction networks(LSINs)across forests is unclear.Here,we constructed 16 LSINs in the mountainous forests of northwest Hebei,China based on crown overlap from four mixed forests with two dominant tree species.Our results show that LSINs decrease the complexity of stand densities and basal areas due to the interaction cluster differentiation.In addition,we found that mature trees and saplings play different roles,the first acting as“hub”life stages with high connectivity and the second,as“bridges”controlling information flow with high centrality.Across the forests,life stages with higher importance showed better parameter stability within LSINs.These results reveal that the structure of tree interactions among life stages is highly related to stand variables.Our efforts contribute to the understanding of LSIN complexity and provide a basis for further research on tree interactions in complex forest communities.

Landscape Design Mode Based on the Integration of Ecology, Production and Life

Taking landscape design of Suburban Park in Yulin City for example, this paper applied the design thoughts of integrating multiple planning, defining concepts and objectives, specified the design strategies of restoring ecology, improving life and promoting production, and disclosed the landscape design mode based on the integration of ecology, production and life in which ecological landscapes, productive landscapes and living landscapes promote and coexist harmoniously with each other.

The city color life under the concept of humanistic Ecology-- a case study of Clothing, food, shelter and transportation

With the continuous development of social economy, the quality of people＇ s life continuously upgrade, life content has been enriched, but with the development and construction, the city color has been polluted. This paper from the start of the design concept of humanistic ecology, especially current city life construction for example, clothing, food, shelter, transportation and other aspects are highlighted, then summarize and reflect the current construction in the development of city life for human ecology indifference and destruction and color design problems, in-depth study and explore how to make city life color more in line with the humanistic ecology and visual aesthetic demand, puts forward some suggestions and strategies to solve the problems existing, to do some good of the the current city life color design. At last create a more suitable city color environment for the development of human life .

Health-related quality of life in Parkinson's disease patients in northeastern Sicily, Italy An ecological perspective

Parkinson＇s disease has a negative impact on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients. Depression, cognitive impairment, coping strategies, dyskinesia, gait disorders and complications of dopaminergic drugs are the variables that most affect health-related quality of life. The ecological model of human development focuses attention on both individual and social environmental factors as targets for health interventions. From this perspective, the aim of this cross-sectional survey was to evaluate the influence of gender, family size and perceived autonomy on health-related quality of life in Parkinson＇s disease patients in nOrtheastern Sicily, Italy. Ninety Parkinson＇s disease patients, attending the Movement Disorders Clinic at IRCCS Centro Neurolesi ＂Bonino-Pulejo＂ （Messina）, were consecutively enrolled. The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor subscale （UPDRS-Ⅲ） scores, the Parkinson Disease Questionnaire-39 Item scores （as a disease-specific measure of health-related quality of life）, scores on the Short Form （36） Health Survey Questionnaire （as a generic measure）, and answers to a brief checklist were recorded. A total of 85 Parkinson＇s disease patients （49% males and 51% females; mean age 70.8 ± 8.6 years mean UPDRS-Ⅲ 24.15 ± 6.55; mean disease duration 5.52 ± 4.65 years） completed the booklet of questionnaires. In the multivariate regression analysis, we included clinical and social variables as independent predictors of health-related quality of life. Our results suggest a potential compounding effect of ecological intrapersonal and interpersonal levels on health-related quality of life outcomes. Gender, self-evaluated autonomy and family size significantly impacted health-related quality of life. If quality of life is used as an indicator of treatment outcomes, an ecological perspective of the case history will be important to disclose relevant prognostic information and trigger personalized health care interventions.

Risk Identification for the Ecological Environment of Flood Disasters Based on the Life Cycle

Aiming at the complexity of ecological environment risk of flood disaster, the life cycle of flood disaster is defined based on the relevant literatures, which is divided into incubation period, development period, outbreak period, recession period and extinction period. The characteristics of each period are analyzed. Further, the main risks for ecological environment faced at each stage under the life cycle of flood disaster are studied systematically to form the systematic ecological environment risk system for flood disaster.

Preliminary aquatic life criteria development and ecological risk assessment of ammonia in seven major river basins in China

Ammonia is one of the basin indices which are nation-controlled in the waterenvironmental management. In order to assess the differences of ammonia criteria indifferent basins, 7 major basins are used for the study object, including Songhua River,Liaohe River, Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe River, Yangtze River and ZhujiangRiver, referring the water environmental criteria technology of the United StatesEnvironmental Protection Agency, based on the effects of water characteristics on theecotoxicity of ammonia, and in summer and non-summer situation, aquatic life criteriais derived for ammonia. The results showed that: (a) The differences between thecriteria values in different basins and different seasons were significant. The differencesbetween the criteria values in different basins were greater than 6 times, while those indifferent seasons in the same basin were greater than 2 times. (b) The summer acuteand chronic criteria for Huaihe River were 0.37 mg/L and 0.06 mg/L while thenon-summer values were 0.81 mg/L and 0.15 mg/L. Both the summer and thenon-summer values were lowest in all of the seven basins. (c) The preliminaryassessment of Ammonia exposure ecological risk indicated that was the lowest inZhujiang River, and it was much lower in Songhua River, Liaohe River and YangtzeRiver, and was higher in Yellow River, and the highest in both Haihe River and HuaiheRiver. Haihe River has 7 sections while 2 in high risk, and Huaihe River has 27 sectionswhile sixteen in high risk. According to the differences of the criteria values for ammoniain seven basins in different seasons and difference of ammonia ecological riskassessment, it is suggested that it should be managed by different policies.

Re-examining Geos Neighbourhood for Its Energy Self-sustained Ability Through Ecological Footprints, Net Energy, and Life Cycle Assessment Tools

There are mounting evidences that human consume significant quantities of resources and have a major impact on the environment. Some research indicates that since the 1980s human demands on the biosphere have exceeded its regen-errative capacity. One way to solve this problem is to minimize the inappropriate ex-ploitation from environment. This essay wil focus on energy self-sustained project, which is a specific way to reduce energy requirements. Energy self-sustained project refers to that energy production is equal to the amount consumed. Three concepts are quoted in the fol-lowing to assess whether the project achieve zero-energy or not. First, ecological footprint, which provides an indication of the human load on the biosphere, is uti-lized to measure the inputs and outputs of the bioregion, which is also beneficial for defining the potential energy. Another one is life cycle assessment, which evaluates environmental load that relates to the entire life periodic system of a product, is helpful to measure the products used in the energy self sustained project. In addi-tion, net energy, and gross resource abundance, definitions for selection, or hierar-chy of different energy resources, can evaluate the new energy resources in project. Geos Neighbourhood, located in colorado, was planned as the largest net-zero energy neighbourhood in the United States. To meet the energy self sustainability, earth and sun power completely sustain the community＇s energy needs, and re-place al fossil fuels. Compared with the traditional communities, Geos Neighbour-hood minimize the adverse impact on the environment. As tools for assessment, ecological footprint, life circle assessment, and net energy, are al used to analyse the planning and design principles in the neighbourhood. By the research, the de-sign principles and energy use in Geos Neighbourhood wil be re-examined that whether the zero energy project achieves the reduction of ecological footprint, and energy self sustainability. In addition, life circle assessment wil re-examine the ma-terials used in the community also. Final y, the concept of ＇net energy＇ wil test solar energy and earth power which is the major energy used in Geos Neighbour-hood.

The Ideal Directions for the Advancement of Building an Ecological Civilization in the New Era: From Creating a Better Life for the Chinese People to Global Ecological Governance

According to the report to the 19th CPC National Congress, socialism with Chinese characteristics entered a new era with the specified strategical task of building China into a great modern socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced, harmonious and beautiful. The report also stressed that building an ecological civilization is vital to sustaining the Chinese nation's development. Against such a backdrop, it is necessary to analyze the "building of an ecological civilization" from three directions, i.e. satisfying people's requirement for a better life, fulfilling the goal of the Beautiful China Initiative and taking the lead in global ecological governance. This is an inevitable requirement for the advancement of the harmonious coexistence between man and nature and at the same time corresponds to the internal demand for the implementation of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era.

欧盟森林生态补偿制度探析——LIFE环境金融工具的应用与效果

LIFE环境金融工具(The Financial Instrument for the Environment)在对欧盟范围内的森林保护和修复方面发挥了重要的作用,成为欧盟森林生态补偿制度中的一个关键性因素,对我国森林生态补偿及保护森林资源有重要的启示。我国应当紧密结合自己的实际,借鉴发达国家的成熟制度和做法,使我国的森林生态效益补偿政策更具针对性、合理性和实用性。

Floristic composition and ecological gradient analyses of the Liakot Forests in the Kalam region of District Swat,Pakistan

Kalam Kohistan is a dry,temperate hilly region in the Hindu Raj Series of the Greater Hindu Kush Mountains with diverse forests.As plant distribution and composition is expression of a range of various environmental variables,ecological and floristic attributes of vegetation in the Laikot Forests were therefore evaluated via consecutive explorative trips.These forests have not been evaluated ecologically before due to harsh climatic conditions and issues of accessibility and the study in hand is one of the first in its nature.Quantitative ecological techniques were used to sample forest vegetation and identify species in quadrats of 2 m×2 m for herbs,5 m×5 m for shrubs and 10 m×10 m for trees.All the data of 195 plant species and environmental factors were analyzed via Two-way Cluster Analysis and Canonical Correspondence Analysis using PCORD and CANOCO software.Among 195 plant species from 63 families were 27 species of Asteraceae,the most-speciose family,followed by Poaceae(20 spp.).The dominant life form was therophyte(86 spp.;44%share),followed by phanerophyte(41 spp.;21%share).For the leaf size spectrum,most prevalent was nanophyll(73 spp.;44%)followed by microphyll(66 spp.,34%)and mesophyll(44 spp.;23%).Calcium carbonate,pH,potassium,sand,silt,organic matter,slope aspect and grazing significantly influenced species composition,distribution and habitat.The floristic variation in the region was diverse due to elevational and aspect gradients and thus devided into three zones.This vegetation zonation can be utilized for forest management,species and habitat conservation.Both in situ and ex situ conservation of threatened plant species may improve their conservation status in future if address properly.

Life cycle assessment for municipal solid waste treatment and utilization

Using the method of life cycle assessment (LCA), the paper studies systematically on municipal solid waste incineration and ecological engineering treatment in Guanghan City. The results showed that the environmental impact potentials of incineration and ecological engineering treatment is 4\^89×10 -2 and 1\^23×10 -2 respectively ; the net energy consumption is -3\^44×10 2 MJ/ton and -2\^90×10 1 MJ/ton, respectively; the net treatment cost is 84.76 RMB Yuan/ton and 32\^52 RMB Yuan/ton, respectively. Comparing with sole incineration, ecological engineering integrates the advantages of incineration and composing, which not only can reduce the amount of waste for incineration and decrease the second environmental pollution, but also can produce high quality compound fertilizer by adding certain amount of chemical fertilizer into compost. It is proved that ecological engineering treatment is an environmental sustainable and economic afforadably method.

Effects of life-history components on population dynamics of the rare endangered plant <i>Davidia involucrata</i>

In order to estimate the most effect stage and process on population growth and effective conserve the rare endangered plant Davidia involucrata, we analyzed the dynamics and the contributions of life-history components on population dynamics based on Lefkovitch matrix model and sensitivity analysis. The life cycle of Davidia involucrata was divided into six stages (seed, seedling, juvenile, immature, early adult and late adult) based on the species characteristics and published literature data, the survival rates in each life-history stage were simulated using a static life table, and the fecundity of each stage was determined according to sample information. The results showed that the structure of the observed population was not ideal, and the numbers of seedlings and coppice shoots was similar. The population growth rate was influenced largely by individual growth process, and asexual reproduction made a larger contribution to population growth than sexual reproduction. However, sexual reproduction was more important than asexual reproduction, because most asexual reproducing individuals (the coppice shoots) were derived mainly from human destruction (e.g. felling trees). The most important stage was stage V (late adult), associated with seed production and germination. Therefore, conservation of Davidia involucrata populations should focus on stage V and sexual reproduction, in order to improve the seed production and germination rate, and to promote population stability and development.

Ecological Evaluation Models for Environmental Engineering in Taiwan

This study is aimed to investigate and analyze the ecological technology around ecological environment resources of engineering in Taiwan. In Taiwan, the natural and artificial material applied in the ecological technology in internal currently, usually lack of evaluation for applicative conditions. Hence, this study carried on the whole research and identifications to draft the eco-materials of ecological technology. The evaluation models of applied materials for ecological technology were proposed. The quantitative score were obtained by expert＇s person evaluation. Three models were proposed to quantify the effects of applied materials on the ecological environment. The statistical procedures were adopted to compare the performance of these materials for ecological technology. The results indicated that the comparison of applied materials can be treated by quantitative analysis. For the further analysis, more evaluated data from expert＇s experience need to be collected then the bias of person subject can be reduced. In addition to reach the benefits in the respects of ecosystem, society, economy and function, also practice the comprehensive effects in ecological technology.

“三生”功能视角下城市近郊区村庄发展适宜性评价与分类——以江西抚州临川区为例

城市近郊区是城乡融合的关键地带,识别该地区村庄类型有助于统筹城乡发展格局。本研究以江西省抚州市临川区为研究对象,基于“三生”功能视角构建临川区村庄发展适宜性评价体系,利用空间自相关揭示其空间集聚特征,采用村庄类型识别系统划定339个行政村的村庄类型,进而提出村庄发展策略。结果表明:临川区村庄发展适宜度指数总体较高,生产功能、生活功能和生态功能指数平均值分别为0.592、0.585和0.466,前二者在空间上呈现“北强南弱”的分布格局;临川区村庄发展适宜度具有显著的空间集聚特征,具体表现为生产功能和生活功能指数的“北热南冷”以及生态功能指数的“中间冷边缘热”;临川区村庄类型分为4类2型,城郊融合类与集聚提升类中的集聚发展型村庄是乡村振兴的重点发展对象。根据村庄类型识别结果提出以地类管控为基础的村庄差异化发展策略,可以明确村域国土空间的优化布局,推动城乡深度融合。

ECOLOGICAL PAYBACK TIME OF AN ENERGY-EFFICIENT MODULAR BUILDING

Ecological payback time was calculated for demolishing an existing commercial building with average energy performance and replacing it with an energy-efficient,prefabricated building.A life-cycle assessment was performed for a 5,000 ft2 commercial building designed by Project Frog and prefabricated in San Francisco,California,and compared to the impacts of annual energy consumption and continued status quo operation of a comparable average commercial building.Scenarios were run both with and without rooftop solar panels intended to make the prefabricated building net zero energy.The analysis considers the materials and manufacturing,transportation,annual energy use of the new building,and disposal of the existing building,compared to continued annual energy use of the existing building.The carbon payback of a new building with no solar against operation of an existing commercial building was found to be roughly eleven years,and a building with enough rooftop solar to be net zero energy was roughly 6.5 years.The full EcoIndicator99 environmental impact payback for a new efficient building with no solar was found to be twenty years,and a solar net-zero building was roughly eleven years against operation of an existing commercial building.

数字革命周期下新质生产力培育的机制和路径

新质生产力是数字革命下生产力现代化转型和跃升的最新体现。在新一轮数字革命的关键时点探讨新质生产力培育的机制和路径,要顺应数字革命迭代演变的规律,构建“技术—产业—生态”的新分析范式。数字革命会经历技术导入、融入渗透以及生态构建三个时期,首先以颠覆式数字创新形成技术创新簇群,为新质生产力培育注入新动能;其次以新兴数字产业和传统产业深度互动,为新质生产力培育提供支撑;最后以算网协同的基础设施体系,为新质生产力培育提供生态平台。在数字革命不同时期构建新型生产关系,一是要完善新型举国体制,提升国家创新体系整体效能;二是要转变产业政策导向,实现从“选择性”向“功能性”转型;三是要加快国家治理体系的数字化变革,形成多元协同的数字治理新格局。

未来产业创新生态:框架、实践与动能

未来产业发展本质上是前沿和颠覆性技术产业化的过程,当下布局的未来产业在今后一个时期有可能成为战略性新兴产业。未来产业创新生态系统建立在技术预见基础上,由技术成长、创新扩散、产业演化三个子系统构成。技术发现源头在高校和科研院所,推动技术成长到创新扩散的关键在科技领军型企业和新型研发机构,由创新扩散到最终形成产业集群的重要参与者是风险投资机构、金融机构和应用需求方。我国必须充分发挥集中力量办大事的新型举国体制优势,在多元投入支持、组织架构创新、有效转化模式、科技合作交流等方面持续发力,不断塑造未来产业发展新动能。

药食同源理论及其在航天营养健康研究中的应用

载人航天飞行中面临的重力场变化、辐射、狭小空间孤闭隔离、噪声及生物节律变化等航天特因环境给维持航天员机体营养健康带来了挑战。根据载人航天实践,综述了航天特因环境下机体适应性变化,阐述了药食同源在航天营养健康保障中的应用预先研究现状,分析并提出了药食同源在支持未来载人深空探测方面的潜在应用价值。

“三生”融合视角下乡村振兴模式与路径——基于阳朔道山村的调研与实践

该文通过长期驻村调研和行动研究,从“三生”融合视角探讨道山村乡村振兴模式与路径。道山村通过生态化系统化的总体规划为先导,建立健全基础组织机构;打造生态产业示范点,以点带面;通过粪污集中生态化处理和垃圾分类建构生态化生活;通过生态文化来赋能乡村,在桂北乡村振兴模式中树立了“三生”融合发展的新典范。

论“人与自然是生命共同体”理论创新的三个维度

“人与自然是生命共同体”是习近平生态文明思想的重要理念,它强调整个地球生态系统各要素之间、人与自然之间以及人与人之间是共生共存的关系,为当代建设人与自然和谐共生的现代化提供了重要的观念前提和哲学基础。从人类生态文明思想发展的视野来看,“人与自然是生命共同体”在总结历史又立足当下的基础上实现了重大的理论创新,这一理论创新主要包括3个维度:一是继承和发展了马克思主义生态观中人与自然物质变换关系的思想;二是在传承与弘扬中华优秀传统文化中天人合一思想的整体性原则基础上,对其进行了创造性转化和创新性发展;三是在对西方生态理论的反思与批判中,实现了对“人”与“自然”二者非此即彼的对立思维的理论超越。