Effective extraction of polyribosomes from astrocytes enables future discoveries on translation regulation

Translation regulation is an important layer of gene expression:Generation of genome-wide expression datasets at multi-omics levels in spatial,temporal,and cell-type resolution is essential for deciphering brain complexity.Regulation of gene expression is a highly dynamic process aiming at the production of precise levels of gene products to guarantee optimal cellular function,in response to physiological cues.Speedy advances in next-generation sequencing enabled the understanding of epigenomic and transcriptomic dynamic landscapes of different brain regions along development,aging,and disease progression.However,the correlation of the“transcriptome”with protein levels is poor because numerous mRNAs are subjected to manipulation of their translation efficiency,to warrant a favorable result under certain conditions.Hence,it is widely accepted that regulation at the translation level is a vital layer of gene expression.Quantification of actively translated mRNA populations(i.e.,“translatome”)is a more reliable predictor of the“proteome”(Wang et al.,2020).

A magic organic molecule assembled capping layer enables airprocessed α-FAPbI_(3) perovskite solar cell with state-of-the-art performances

The black-phase formamidine-lead iodide(α-FAPbI_(3)),boasting an optimal bandgap of 1.5 eV,stands out as a premier choice for narrow-bandgap perovskite solar cells(PSCs),achieving a certified power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 26.1%[1−5].This impressive performance hinges on the orderly and homogeneous crystallization ofα-phase pure FAPbI_(3),facilitated by coordinating solvents such as dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO)to form intermediates like PbI_(2)-DMSO complex(D-complex).The D-complex plays a pivotal role in crystallization thermodynamics,enabling the direct formation of α-FAPbI_(3) without the photoinactiveδ-phase[6−9].However,DMSO,a commonly used coordinating solvent,is highly hygroscopic and prone to hydration upon moisture exposure.This tendency leads to incomplete perovskite crystallization and accelerates the transformation of α-FAPbI_(3) into itsδ-phase[2,10].Consequently,the best-performing α-FAPbI_(3)PSCs must be processed in an inert atmosphere with strictly controlled relative humidity(RH)and suffers from relatively poor reproducibility.Given the hard-to-control atmosphere at industrial scale,it is challenging yet imperative to eliminate the negative effects stemming from hygroscopic coordinating solvents[11−13].

基于XML Enabled数据库技术的应用研究

利用XMLEnabled数据库DB2XMLAPI技术可以实现传统数据库向XML数据的动态转换,并在此基础上对生成的XML文档进行查询和显示。这种方法在保留了现有数据的基础上,减少了数据库读取次数,又满足了XML应用的需求,可作为一种面向B2CXML应用的通用方法。

基于PDM Enablers的飞行器并行设计文档管理扩展模型研究

并行工程对飞行器设计的重要性不言而喻,产品数据管理(PDM)是并行工程的支撑技术,文档管理作为PDM系统的基础及核心模块,在飞行器并行设计中起着重要作用。以PDM国际规范"PDM Enablers"为依据,就支持飞行器并行设计的文档管理模型展开研究。在深入研究PDM Enablers的基础上,构建了飞行器并行工程环境体系结构;提出了一种基于PDM Enablers并支持飞行器并行设计的文档管理扩展模型,并着重对其中的文档分类浏览模式、文档状态变迁模型及支持飞行器并行设计的文档信息存储模式进行研究;最后给出了其应用实例,应用表明,所提出的模型可行、有效,能很好地支持飞行器的协同设计。

基于PDM Enablers的飞行器并行设计文档管理模型

传统的产品数据管理(PDM)系统之间没有标准的接口,缺乏互操作性,难以与国际接轨,限制了飞行器并行设计中产品数据交互的范围。Ob jectManagem ent G roup(OMG)发布的产品数据管理使能(PDM Enab lers)规范支持分布式产品数据管理环境并对不同的PDM系统提供了标准接口,能够很好地解决以上问题。该文以PDM Enab lers为依据,采用面向对象的建模方法,首先提出了基于Enab lers的飞行器并行工程环境体系结构;其次建立了基于Enab lers的文档管理模型,并着重对文档的状态变迁及版本管理机制进行研究;最后讨论了支持飞行器并行设计的文档管理信息存储模式。

电信产品运营管理的ENABLE模型和应用探讨

基于ENABLE模型的产品运营管理,就是在产品生命周期管理的基础上,通过探索新场景、开发新功能、采取新模式,促使产品升级,满足用户"求新"需求,也是通过提高产品价值感知、优化用户体验,提升用户满意度,满足用户"求好"需求。

OER-Enabled教学法在研究生课程教学中的应用探索

研究生课程教学改革一直是深化研究生教育改革的重点话题。研究根据OER-Enabled教学法的特点,通过设计开放活动、组建虚拟社区和搭建脚手架等对研究生课程教学进行改进,以提高研究生的学习参与度,增强其科研体验,最后,根据自身体验讨论了实践过程中存在的问题。OER-Enabled教学法在研究生课程教学中的应用探索,可以为研究生课程教学改革提供新的视野,探寻更优质的研究生课程教学模式。

Exploring Enablers and Barriers to Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Management Technologies Adoption in the Kingdom of Bahrain

Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) becomes a point of focus globally due to its harmful effects on the environment and human health if it is not managed properly. MSW was proved globally to be used as a resource, and it has a major opportunity in the realm of conversion technologies. Accordingly, this study aims to explore the enablers and barriers to six different MSW management (MSWM) technologies adopted in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in order to ensure the successful adoption of these technologies that are Anaerobic Digestion (AD), Incineration, Pyrolysis, Gasification, Composting and Refused Derived Fuel (RDF). This study provides sufficient information to the decision and policy-makers for the processes of selection and adoption of the MSWM technologies in Bahrain, using a qualitative approach “mainly semi-structured interviews” with experts and then Thematic Analysis using nvivo12 software. The results show that the main themes that enablers and barriers fall under are: political (e.g. national waste management strategy), technical (e.g. segregation at source), managerial (e.g. capacity building), social (e.g. public awareness), economic (e.g. incentives to investment) and environmental (e.g. air quality). This study concluded that in order to succeed in the MSWM technologies adoption, the resulted barriers should be overcome. Furthermore, Incineration was recommended as the best solution to manage MSW which has the least barriers and most enablers in Bahrain as per the experts.

XML-enabled空间数据库的索引系统

基于可伸缩矢量图形空间信息表达模型和合理的数据库结构,提出空间索引算法优化选择策略。结合设计模式思想,设计高内聚、低耦合的空间数据索引系统。该系统具有并行建立空间索引的能力,能实现异构XML-enabled空间数据库并行查询。实验结果证明,其检索效率比普通SQL查询高约66%。

Fano Resonance Enabled Infrared Nano-Imaging of Local Strain in Bilayer Graphene

Detection of local strain at the nanometer scale with high sensitivity remains challenging.Here we report near-field infrared nano-imaging of local strains in bilayer graphene by probing strain-induced shifts of phonon frequency.As a non-polar crystal,intrinsic bilayer graphene possesses little infrared response at its transverse optical phonon frequency.The reported optical detection of local strain is enabled by applying a vertical electrical field that breaks the symmetry of the two graphene layers and introduces finite electrical dipole moment to graphene phonon.The activated phonon further interacts with continuum electronic transitions,and generates a strong Fano resonance.The resulted Fano resonance features a very sharp near-field infrared scattering peak,which leads to an extraordinary sensitivity of-0.002%for the strain detection.Our results demonstrate the first nano-scale near-field Fano resonance,provide a new way to probe local strains with high sensitivity in non-polar crystals,and open exciting possibilities for studying strain-induced rich phenomena.

Generating femtosecond coherent X-ray pulses in a diffractionlimited storage ring with the echo-enabled harmonic generation scheme

To study ultrafast processes at the sub-picosecond level, novel methods based on coherent harmonic generation technologies have been proposed to generate ultrashort radiation pulses in existing ring-based light sources. Using the High Energy Photon Source as an example, we numerically test the feasibility of implementing one coherent harmonic generation technology, i.e.,the echo-enabled harmonic generation(EEHG) scheme, in a diffraction-limited storage ring(DLSR). Two different EEHG element layouts are considered, and the effect of the EEHG process on the electron beam quality is also analyzed. Studies suggest that soft X-ray pulses, with pulse lengths of a few femtoseconds and peak powers of up to1 MW, can be generated by using the EEHG scheme, while causing little perturbation to the regular operation of a DLSR.

Patient Enablement in Chronic Diseases in Primary Health Care, Riyadh City, KSA

Background: Chronic diseases continue to cause high morbidity and mortality in Saudi Arabia. Patients severing from diabetes mellitus, hypertension and associated complications have recently increased and most of these patients find it extremely difficult to understand or cope with their illness. The objective of this study is to determine the level of patients’ enablement in chronic disease and its predictors. Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted between December 2014 and January 2015. Six hundred and four (604) Patients attending the Chronic Disease Clinic in Alwazarat Health center were randomly selected to participate in the study. Patients aged 18 years and above, who willingly agreed to participate, were included in the study. Self-reported questionnaire was used to determine patient level of enablement. Descriptive statistics such as mean and median were calculated and binary logistic regression was employed to determine the predictors of patient’s enablement to chronic disease. Results: Our results show that five hundred and sixty five (565) out of (604) patients participated in the study with 86.6% response rate. Type 2 diabetes mellitus affecting 40.65% while hypertension affecting 37.79% of the patients in Al wazarat health center. Patient’s enablement to chronic disease was very low and ranged between 2.41 and 1.53 out of 5.0. Binary logistic regression shows that age (male: OR;0.84, 95% CI, 0.72 - 1.04, female. OR;1.04, 95% CI 0.88 - 1.39), marital status (male: OR;0.72, 95% CI 0.54 - 1.11, female: OR 1.01;95% CI 0.82 - 1.29), patient educational level and number of problems discussed with physician and consultation length between male patients and their physician were statistically significant and correlated with patients enablement to chronic disease (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This study shows that patient’s enablement in chronic disease is very low but constitutes an important arm in patients care management. It should be considered as a measurable patient outcome from healthcare services. More prospective studies on this important topic are highly recommended.

Systems Immunology Enabled Immune Engineering

The immune checkpoint blockade has revolutionized cancer treatment.However,not all cancer types are susceptible to this therapy.Even in melanoma,one of the best scenario,about half of the patients do not respond to immune checkpoint blockade.Since CD8+T cell is the main driving force behind cancer elimination,then having a complete and competent T cell repertoire to cover all possible cancer antigens expressed by cancer cells should be a determining factor to the success of this therapy.Conversely,if there are'holes'in patients’T cell repertoire and/or'weak spots'manifested as functional dysregulation or exhaustion on T cells specific to a set of cancer antigens that dominantly expressed by cancer cells,cancer immune escape is inevitable.However,these two types of cancer immune escape might need different treatment strategies:the first group with'holes'in the T cell repertoire,whether the'holes'are taking on a form of missing T cells to cover these cancer antigens or missing high-affinity TCRs that are known to be more sensitive to antigen stimulation,would be benefited from TCR re-directed adoptive cell transfer(ACT)therapy;the other group with T cell repertoire'weak spots'would be benefited from immune checkpoint blockade alone or in combination with additional stimulatory factors such as cytokines and peptide vaccine.In the past decade,we have developed several tools to profile the T cell repertoire from T cell receptor diversity to T cell receptor affinity to high-throughput linking antigen specificity to single T cell receptor sequences in large scale.In this talk,I will first introduce these tools and then give examples on how we use them to answer some of the fundamental questions in systems immunology with a focus on cancer immunology,which in turn help us design new therapeutics immune engineering.

A patterned titania nanorod array enables high fill factor in perovskite solar cells

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have emerged as a new-generation photovoltaic technology that features both low manufacturing cost and high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) [1-3].In the past decade,the PCEs of PSCs have increased from 3.8% to 25.5%,which are now comparable to those of silicon-based solar cells.Nevertheless,by comparing the detailed device parameters of record PSCs reported at different times,Peng et al.

Correction to:An endotenon sheath‑inspired double‑network binder enables superior cycling performance of silicon electrodes

The original version of this article unfortunately contained some mistakes.1.The authors found that the data unit in Fig.3a–f is wrong.The corrected version of Fig.3 is given below:2.The authors found that explanation of the data lines in Fig.2e is wrong.The corrected version of the explanation of Fig.2e is given below:The DNB can endure approximately 300%stretching and withstand stress up to about 1.5 MPa,as shown in Fig.2e.

Cooperative Perception Optimization Based on Self-Checking Machine Learning

In the process of spectrum perception,in order to realize accurate perception of the channel state,the method of multi-node cooperative perception can usually be used.However,the first problem to be considered is how to complete information fusion and obtain more accurate and reliable judgment results based on multi-node perception results.The ideas put forward in this paper are as follows:firstly,the perceived results of each node are obtained on the premise of limiting detection probability and false alarm probability.Then,on the one hand,the weighted fusion criterion of decision-making weight optimization of each node is realized based on a genetic algorithm,and the useless nodes also can be screened out to reduce energy loss;on the other hand,through the linear fitting ability of RBF neural network,the self-inspection of the perceptive nodes can be realized to ensure the normal operation of the perceptive work of each node.What's more,the real-time training data can be obtained by spectral segmentation technology to ensure the real-time accuracy of the optimization results.Finally,the simulation results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy and stability of channel perception results,optimize the structure of the cooperative network and reduce energy consumption.

Enablers, Difficulties and Features to Implement E-Learning Technology in Conventional Higher Education: Case Study and Prototype Implication

Supporting higher education with modern technologies like E-Learning is very important for one country to improve quality of education, to meet student’s expectations and to continue teaching-learning and training when face to face education is impossible. However, it is in its preliminary stage in developing countries like Ethiopia. This study examined the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in Assosa University (ASU), Ethiopia. Its purpose is to find the enabling factors, difficulties and opportunities of E-Learning implementation in ASU and developing prototype of E-Learning system to show its practicality and to identify approaches of students’ and lecturers towards E-Learning. The study employed questionnaires, observation and interview to gather the required information. A sample of 309 students and 64 Lecturers randomly selected from 7 colleges and two schools as well as ICT workers and other concerned bodies in the university. Also prototyping as a methodology was used to implement and test the proposed system for proof of concept. This study investigating the possibility of implementing E-Learning in ASU and important enablers, difficulties and opportunities is identified. Also the E-Learning platform of the university is developed and introduced for students and lecturers to show its practicality. Most students and lecturers showed good motivation in E-Learning implementation and they assumed that it is useful for the university. The result shows that although there are difficulties to implement E-Learning in ASU, the possibility of fully implementing E-Learning in the University is relatively high with mixed method. With this, the approaches of students and lecturers are positively viewed and the opportunities are very noticeable in the University. So, conventional higher education can practically implement E-Learning with mixed approach to use as supportive tool for educational improvements and to reduce physical presence.

Next Generation Network Enabled by ZTE's Softswitch Technology

Softswitch technology integrates the su-periorities of both an intelligence net-work and the Internet, which embodiesits maturity and advancement. With ahierarchical network model, it effectivelysolves problems of evolution and convergenceof current communication networks. It also fol-

Biologically Enabled Syntheses of Nanostructured 3-D Sensor Materials:the Potential for 3-D Genetically Engineered Microdevices (3-D GEMs)

Three-dimensional (3-D)self-assembly of nanos- tructures and nanodevices on a large scale remains a grand quest for mankind.Freestanding nanostructured assemblies with controlled 3-D shapes can exhibit attractive properties for sensor and other applications. Protocols for 3-D self-assembly that can be scaled up for mass production on a large up to tonnage)scale, while preserving morphological features on a small (down to nanometer)scale,are needed to allow for widespread use of 3-D nanostructures in advanced devices.However,these often conflicting requirements of scalability and precision pose a difficult challenge for synthetic (man-made)processing routes.

An Internet-enabled Integration of Concurrent Engineering with Co-design

In this paper,the Web-based integration methodology and framework have been developed to facilitate collabora- tive and concurrent engineering design in distributed manufacturing environments.The distributed concurrent engineering and co- design are discussed as key components in the mechanism.The related integration system is presented,which includes four function- al modules:co-design,Web-based visualization,manufacturing analysis and look-up service.It can be used for a design team geo- graphically distributed to organize a collaborative and concurrent engineering design effectively.In particular,the collaborative mechanism incorporated with Java-based and Internet-enabled technologies can generate extended strategies for design and planning. Thus,the proposed integration architecture enables the system to be generic,open and scalable.Finally,for the trend of global manufacturing,a case study of Internet-enabled collaborative optimization is introduced and a discussion on teamwork capability is made.