Urban Hierarchy of Innovation Capability and Inter-city Linkages of Knowledge in Post-reform China

The 2000s has witnessed increasing interests in cities′role of innovation in the era of knowledge-based economy.Compared with substantial empirical analysis on the world city hierarchy of innovation,this paper attempts to examine the national urban hierarchy of innovation capability in China,in terms of ranking systems,spatial pattern and inter-city linkages of knowledge during the post-reform period since the late 1970s.Based on quantitative analysis such as principal component factor analysis and clustering analysis,this paper identifies the five-tier hierarchy of in-novation,which is headed by Beijing and Shanghai,followed by the capital cities of each province and regional centre cities.The development of China′s urban hierarchy of innovation capability has been driven by such factors as the scale of innovation,scientific scale,innovation potential and innovation environment.The paper further investigates the inter-city linkages of knowledge measured by the number of co-authored papers among the cities.Beijing is positioned in the central position of the knowledge diffusion and knowledge cooperation innovation.More knowledge diffusion among high level cities has occurred than that among the low level cities as well as between the low level cities and high level cities,and provincial capital cities and the regional central cities.

An Evaluating Model for Enterprise's Innovation Capability Based on BP Neural Network

To meet the challenge of knowledge-based economy in the 21st century,scientifically evaluating the innovation capability is important to strengthen the international competence and acquire long-term competitive advantage for Chinese enterprises.In the article,based on the description of concept and structure of enterprise's innovation capability,the evaluation index system of innovation capability is established according to Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP).In succession,evaluation model based on Back Propagation(BP) neural network is put forward,which provides some theoretic guidance to scientifically evaluating the innovation capability of Chinese enterprises.

Application of Capability Maturity Model Integration to Innovation Management for Software and Service Companies

To look through innovation management in small project-based firms, such as software engineering companies, which are service firms that conduct projects for their clients, capability maturity model integration （CMMI） is introduced. It is a process improvement approach that provides organizations with the essential elements of effective processes. Taking ABC Software Company as an example, the performances before and after the introduction of CMMI in the firm were compared. The results indicated that after two years of application, the productivity increased 92%, and the ability of detecting errors improved 26.45% ; while the rate of faults and the cost of software development dropped 12.45% and 77.55%, respectively. To conclude, small project-based firms benefit a lot if they take CMMI into their process of innovation management, particularly for those R＆D firms, since the implementation of CMMI leads them to a promising future with higher efficiency and better effects.

Secondary relative evaluations on regional technology innovation capability in SMEs

According to this problem that every regional technology innovation of SMEs and innovation environment are different, the method on secondary relative evaluation to measure the innovation capability of SMEs in 9 provinces and 3 municipalities is developed in this paper. First the Fuzzy Integral Comprehensive Evaluation is adopted to measure the comprehensive index states of technological innovation of SMEs in different regions, and then the BCC model in Data Envelopment Analysis is used to calculate the secondary relative evaluation of regional technology innovation capability in SMEs, so that this method not only settles the relevance between indexes influencing regional technology innovation capability of SMEs, but also eliminates the influence of objective basic condition, and then provides bases for every region to make out policies and rules on technological innovation of SMEs and for enterprise to establish relevant strategy of technological innovation.

Capability Innovation and Competitiveness

A firm can be thought as the combination of a series of capabilities. Some key capabilities owned by a firm are untradable, unimitable and unsubstitutable. These capabilities are considered to be the core capabilities. The core capabilities determine the firm＇s comparable competitive advantages. The continuous capability inrtovation can further strengthen the firm＇s competitiveness. Resources are the foundation of the capabilities. The foundation of capability innovation depends on the investment and restructuring of resources. The core products are the carders to the firm＇s core capabilities and other capabilities to satisfy the market＇s needs. The core products are the core components of the end products. The market share of the core products is more important to a firm.

Research on the Evaluation of the Enterprise＇s Technology Innovation Capability

With the fast development of technology and the fierce market competition, technology innovation has been put on firm agenda to each enterprise＇s success. Under this circumstance, how to improve the innovation capability of enterprise is very important. Meanwhile, how to evaluate the enterprise＇s innovation capability becomes a key point. This paper analyses the content of enterprise＇s innovation capability based on the innovation process. A set of evaluation index systems of enterorise＇s innovation capability have also been given out.

A Study on Evaluation Model of IT Industry’s Innovation Capability Based Variable Weight Theory

In this paper, IT Industry＇s innovation capability is considered to be the innovation output capability after complex operation of industry input in industry system. In this complex process, R＆D personnel input and R＆D expense input are un-substitutable, and for evaluation of innovation capability, innovation input and innovation output also are un-substitutable. Based on this theory, an evaluation model of sustaining strength index is put forward. Considering both input scale and output contribution of IT industry＇s innovation system, this model reflects the un-substitutability of every evaluation aspects. The measurement result not only shows the industry innovation capability, but also reflects the support degree to economy. At last the data of IT industry in China are provided between 1994 and 2004 for empirical study.

The Research on Competitive Technology Alliance Innovation Risk Formation Mechanism: A Resource-based and Capability-based View

Enterprises engaging in collaboration with competitors can increase their technological diversity and release a new product innovation, but also full of challenges. This complexity of co-opetition relationship requirements academia and enterprises to clarify the problem of competitive technology alliance risk formation mechanism, making the risk control to dispose. Based on the perspective of resources and capabilities, this paper firstly puts forward the double helix model of alliances＇ evolution on resources and capabilities ; then, with the deepe- ning of the cooperation, this evolutionary process leads to different innovation risk： opportunism, R and D inte- gration risk and flexible loss risk; next, analyzing the corresponding management path and constructing the conceptual framework of risk management mechanism to help enterprise using the co-opetition relationship to reduce risk and improve the potential competitive advantage.

How to Accelerate Radical Technological Innovation?——From the Perspective of Technology Management and Technological Capability

Due to the advantage of developing and bringing to innovative products ahead of competitors,the importance of radical technological innovation is well recognized.Based on the synergy theory,this study examines the effects of technology management(TM)and technological capability(TC)on radical technological innovation,and further explores the impact of the synergy between TM and TC on radical technological innovation.The results show that,firstly,both TM and TC have positive impacts on radical technological innovation,and thus two direct routines of radical technological innovation are identified.Secondly,the synergy between TM and TC also exerts positive impact on radical technological innovation,and this result indicates that the synergy between TM and TC plays an important role in radical technological innovation.This research provides a refreshing perspective on how to stimulate radical technological innovation,and also puts forward some beneficial suggestions for firms to improve radical technological innovation.

An Empirical Study on the Effectiveness of Technology Market Promoting Technological Innovation Capability—Based on panel data in the Yangtze River Delta

Based on panel data such as 2009-2018 R&D expenditures,full-time equivalent of R&D personnel,Number of valid invention patents,and technology market turnover in China's Shanghai,Jiangsu,Zhejiang,and Anhui provinces(cities),using Griliches-Jaffe knowledge to produce Function,construct Time fixed effects model,conduct empirical research on the main factors affecting the technological innovation capability of the Yangtze River Delta,focusing on the relationship between the technological market and technological innovation capability.The results show that human capital and R&D expenditures have a significant and positive impact on the technological innovation capacity of the Yangtze River Delta.Although the technology market has a positive effect on the scientific and technological innovation capacity of the Yangtze River Delta,the effect is not significant.Propose countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen the influence of the technology market on technological innovation.

Does Industry-University-Research Cooperation Matter? An Analysis of Its Coupling Effect on Regional Innovation and Economic Development

The dislocation between regional innovation and economic development directly influences the economic effect of regional innovation. However, no in-depth researches have been made on how to solve this problem. Using data from Henan Province, China,employing geographical detector technology, this paper focuses on testing whether the industry-university-research cooperation can contribute to coordinating the relation between regional innovation and economic development. It is shown that: 1) the industry-universityresearch cooperation in Henan Province is increasing gradually, and the network presents a core-edge structure, and the coupling degree between regional innovation and economic development is spatially unbalanced, which is similar to the spatial distribution of the intensity of industry-university-research cooperation;2) as an important approach to effectively connect scientific researches with market demands, the industry-university-research cooperation can help form an interactive, interconnected, coupled and coordinated virtuous relation between regional innovation and economic development. Compared with the cooperation between organizations of the same type and the separate innovation of organizations, the improvement of the industry-university-research cooperation level can better coordinate the relation between regional innovation and economic development;3) the cooperative innovation model between enterprises and universities can better promote the coupling between regional innovation and economic development, compared with many industryuniversity-research cooperation models. For underdeveloped areas lacking local knowledge base, industry-university-research cooperation should be considered as a long-term development strategy, especially using the knowledge sources of external universities and scientific research institutions to enhance innovation capability and achieve economic growth.

Researches on Innovation of Education： A Retrospect and Prospect

There is almost universal faith in ＂innovation capability＂, which can realize creations with obvioussocial values, and a knowledge-based needs such creation. The crux of the problem herein is to developinnovation capability and offer a good environment for those creation-driven persons in order to facilitate themto play their roles. The creativity hence is equated with a technical, instrumental existence, and innovationcapability therefore is understood as something with creativity for ever. This kind of research cannot wellunderstand the social nature of innovation, and would lead to our over-dependence on those technical factorsin the matter of innovation of education. In our opinion, the longing for innovation is not only the need of theknowledge-based society, but the need of the whole modern society. As Schumpeter argues, between the growthand the development there is not an absolute gap, where seemingly insignificant may exit a truly earthshakingpower. Our ultimate aim is to build an educational theory of innovation based upon the social nature of innovation,that is, to build a meta-theory of the sharing framework of the action of educational innovation.

Dynamic capabilities-based strategy innovation： a theoretical framework and empirical studies in Chinese firms

Based on investigations of 112 Chinese firms and studies on foreign leading corporations, a theoretical framework of dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation (SI) is put forward. Several large firms in China winning through SI were studied empirically. This paper complements previous publications on the theories of innovation and strategy. This work's findings will be useful for managers interested in our approach, which highlights the importance of SI and focuses on and points out the major pitfalls in the innovation processes. Implementing the dynamic capabilities based strategy innovation can effectively cultivate and develop core competences of corporations. It is concluded that implementing SI is the only path for Chinese enterprise growth in the intensified competition in the knowledge economy.

Improve the Innovation Performance of J pharmaceutial Through the Adjustment of Innovation Strategy Driven by Digtil Economy

This thesis reviews and fully understands the current situation of J pharmaceutical according to a empirical research,which has been carried out by corresponding investigation and research on the design of questionnaires for Jingfeng Pharmaceutical's investment in innovation resources,the construction of innovation capabilities,digital transformation,innovation environment adaptation and facing,and innovation performance improvement.After research,it is found that there is a lot of space for improvement in the adaptation and facing of the innovation environment of J pharmaceutical,and the construction of innovation ability is also a short board.The digital transformation needs to be broken through urgently.Enhance J pharmaceutical innovation ability,comprehensively build J pharmaceutical innovation ability of culturally,technically,and managerially;Accelerate digital transformation,and then continue to increase the input of key resources,especially the training and introduction of talents,and key facilities.In order to adapt to and face the rapidly changing market environment under the digital economy,J pharmaceutical can improve the corporate performance.

Sustainability and Innovation Capabilities in an Innovation Award Winner Company

The stimulus for economic development is innovation.The constantly quest of new ways to deliver value results from the need for competitive advantage.The introduction of social and environmental perspectives in the economic debate has made emerge a new element that turned to influence the strategy of companies,besides generating a new competitive scenario:the sustainable development.It is clear,therefore,the increasing requirement for firms to incorporate environmental issues in their processes.Companies face,so,a new paradigm,where innovating and considering the sustainability of the process is crucial to remain active and competitive in the market.This paper aims to identify the influence of the environmental dimension of sustainability on the innovation capabilities of a company.A case study was conducted with a company that won the Brazilian Innovation Award in 2013,due to a sustainable project.The results show that the environmental dimension is a determining factor for the arrangement of the company’s innovation capabilities.It is suggested then an order of importance of the company’s capabilities to achieve innovation through sustainability:(1)management;(2)operations;(3)transaction and(4)development.

Management of the Innovation Process of a Small Amazonian Company in the Food Sector

The present article broaches aspects related to the management of the innovation process of a small company that works in the food industry of Manaus; the authors focus on the current types and levels of technological competencies existent in the company, describe their technological learning process and emphasize the innovation system that provides the organizational development support. This paper is based on a specific individual study and on empirical evidence collected using various techniques. It demonstrates how the management of the technological learning process and the innovation system boost the growth trajectory in a small company, by the fact that they contribute to the effective development of technological competencies considered fundamental to perfect the level of competitiveness of the company.

Evaluating Cities’Independent Innovation Capabilities Based on Patent Using Data Analysis Methods

City innovation ability evaluation is becoming an important research field these days.The quantity and quality of patent that a city owns as well as the capability of managing patent institution indicate urban technological innovation ability and core competence.In this work,starting from patent analysis point of view,we construct urban technological innovation ability evaluation system.Factor analysis method is applied to 15 vice-provincial cities in China to analysis the collected patent data samples and a demonstration research is indicated upon the experimental results.Experimental results show that the littoral cities in south China have distinct advantages over the others in innovation activity,innovation capability,and innovation livability and innovation contribution.In the meantime,some old industrial bases own superiority in innovation cooperation and potential.

Investigating the mediating role of innovation capabilities in relationship between strategic orientation and market performance: a case study of Tabriz State Hospitals

Introduction:Innovation is the creation of new products,services,processes or systems that first begin with a thought and is put into operation after successful implementation.This research aims to investigate the mediating role of innovation capabilities in relationship between strategic orientation and market performance in Tabriz state hospitals.Methods:This study is an applied research in terms of the purpose and it is a descriptive-correlative research in terms of methodology.The statistical population involves the staff of Tabriz state hospitals consisting 362 individuals who were selected randomly.A questionnaire was used to collect data from statistical sample.The strategic orientation was operationally defined based on Laek Cannon et al.’s(2011)model,innovation capabilities were defined based on Jimens-Jimens and Sanz Vale’s(2010)model and market performance was defined based on Hajipour et al.’s model(2012).Results:The results showed that the value of CHI SQUAR/DF for the estimated model is 0.817 which indicates the proper fitness of the model.Considering the standardized factor loads and meaningfulness coefficient it can be suggested that strategic orientation affects market performance with the mediating role of innovation capabilities.Meanwhile,the effect of strategic orientation and innovation capabilities on the market performance was confirmed based on the linear regression results.Conclusion:Innovation capabilities play an active role in the relationship between strategic orientation and market performance.Therefore,senior management of organizations needs to work to improve their performance by supporting the ability to innovate and formulating and implementing strategic orientations.

中小企业数字化转型的路径探析

加快推动中小企业数字化转型是数字经济发展的重要基础。由于缺乏足够的技术与资源,中小企业数字化转型需依附第三方数字平台完成产品体系、组织结构、业务流程的改造,进而降低成本、提升效率。其数字化转型过程为企业层面的数字技术部分采用、行业层面的数字技术整体融合以及生态层面的数字技术共生发展。但中小企业在数字化转型过程中,还面临数字意识薄弱、转型能力不足、转型资源受限、转型数据欠缺、转型成本过高等诸多困境。中小企业要立足推动数字经济发展的战略要求,从培养动态管理能力、运用轻体量数字平台、提升组织使用信息技术的能力、获得政府外部帮扶及支持等方面创新路径,推动数字化转型。

数字互联是否提升了国有企业的创新水平?——影响识别和机制检验

促进国有企业创新对国民经济高质量发展至关重要。利用2011~2021年国有企业的微观数据,采用微观计量分析方法,检验数字互联是否对国有企业创新能力和创新效率的提升具有显著影响。实证结果表明,数字互联显著提高了国有企业的创新能力,但是对国有企业创新效率的影响不显著。数字互联对不同技术类别国有企业创新能力和创新效率的影响存在着明显的异质性特征。进一步从企业成本、人力资本、公司治理三个方面检验了数字互联对国有企业创新影响的机制,结果表明,数字互联对企业创新能力的影响并不存在明显的所有制差异。在今后的国有企业改革中,应该广泛借助新一代信息数字化技术提升国有企业的创新能力。