Performance Study of a Self-Excitation Dual Stator Winding Induction Generator for Renewable Distributed Generation Systems

Renewable power generation is a suitable technology used to deliver energy locally to customers especially in remote regions. Wind energy based on induction generator situates in a foreground position in the total energy produced using renewable sources. In the last few decades, a new self- excitation generator was based on multi-stator induction strongly emerges. This article presents a systematic modelling, a detailed analysis and the performance analysis of self-excitation dual stator winding induction generator (SE-DSWIG). The modelling of the SE-DSWIG was done with taking in account the common mutual leakage inductance between stators and the magnetizing inductance, which played a principal role in the stabilization of the output voltage in the steady state. The generator feeds the end user emulated by an inductive-resistive load. In order to simulate the weather conditions’ variation, a step change of the prime mover speed was applied on the SE-DSWIG. A passive series and shunt compensator was used to mitigate the voltage sag and swell appeared in the power system due to wind variation and the lack of reactive power consumed by the inductive load.

Research on modeling and self-excited vibration mechanism in magnetic levitation-collision interface coupling system

The modeling and self-excited vibration mechanism in the magnetic levitation-collision interface coupling system are investigated.The effects of the control and interface parameters on the system's stability are analyzed.The frequency range of self-excited vibrations is investigated from the energy point of view.The phenomenon of self-excited vibrations is elaborated with the phase trajectory.The corresponding control strategies are briefly analyzed with respect to the vibration mechanism.The results show that when the levitation objects collide with the mechanical interface,the system's vibration frequency becomes larger with the decrease in the collision gap;when the vibration frequency exceeds the critical frequency,the electromagnetic system continues to provide energy to the system,and the collision interface continuously dissipates energy so that the system enters the self-excited vibration state.

Dynamical analysis and anti-synchronization of a new 6D model with self-excited attractors

A novel 6D dissipative model with an unstable equilibrium point is introduced herein.Some of the dynamic characteristics of the proposed model were explored via analyses and numerical simulations including critical points,stability,Lyapunov exponents,time phase portraits,and circuit implementation.Also,anti-synchronization phenomena were implemented on the new system.Firstly,the error dynamics is found.Then,four different controllers are adopted to stabilize this error relying on the nonlinear control technique with two main ways:linearization and Lyapunov stability theory.In comparison with previous works,the present controllers realize anti-synchronization based on another method/linearization method.Finally,a comparison between the two ways was made.The simulation results show the effectiveness and accuracy of the first analytical strategy.

Impact frequency variation of self-excited oscillation pulsed supercritical carbon dioxide jets

In order to obtain the impact frequency of resonant coal breaking by self-excited oscillation pulsed supercritical carbon dioxide(SC-CO_(2))jet,large eddy simulation was used to analyze the formation and development process of self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet,the variation of jet impact frequency in the nozzle and the free flow field,and the variation of jet impact frequency at different positions in the jet axis and under different cavity lengths.The test device of jet impact frequency was developed,and experiments were performed to verify the conclusions of the numerical simulations.The results show that the frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet is different in the nozzle and the free flow field.In the nozzle,the frequency generated by the fluid disturbance is the same,and the jet frequency at the exit of the nozzle is consistent with that inside the nozzle.In the free flow field,due to the compressibility of CO_(2),the pressure,velocity and other parameters of SC-CO_(2)jets have obvious fluctuation patterns.This feature causes the impact frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet to decrease gradually in the axis.Changing the cavity length allows the adjustment of the jet impact frequency in the free flow field by affecting the disturbance frequency of the self-excited oscillation pulsed SC-CO_(2)jet inside the nozzle.

THEORY AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE SELF-EXCITED OSCILLATION PULSED JET NOZZLE

Comparing with usual continuous jet nozzle, the self-excited oscillationpulsed jet nozzle SEOPJN) can make jet generate a higher peak of pressure and larger scouringvolume. And it can make jet increase the effective standoff distance, too. The basic theories of theSEOPJN are introduced. Some experimental results are shown. According to the results, using tricornbits assembled the SEOPJN to drill oil well, the ROP increases by 8 percent approx 77 percent, andthe rates of the footage for tricorn bit increases by 6.7 percent approx 44.0 percent.

HIGH-ORDER SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION INDUCED BY DRY FRICTION BETWEEN TWO ELASTIC STRUCTURES——VIBRATION MECHANISM OF THE CHINESE CULTURE RELIC DRAGON WASHBASIN

Combining theoretical and experimental modal analyses on self-excited vibration induced by dry friction between two elastic structures, we can explain the high-order sell-excited vibration phenomenon in which water droplets spurt from fourteen or twelve areas of the Chinese culture relic dragon washbasin when it is rubbed with hands, and clarify the mechanism of the singular high-order self-excited vibration. The experimental modes and the practical measured results are presented for a special dragon washbasin. The theoretical results agree well with the experimental ones.

Research on arc root stagnation when small current is interrupted in self-excited circuit breaker

The self-excited DC air circuit breaker(SE-DCCB)has been widely used in urban rail transit due to its excellent stability.It can realize forward and reverse interruption,but has difficulty interrupting small currents due to the phenomenon of arc root sticking at the entrance of the arc chamber in the splitting process,which is known as arc root stagnation.A coupling model of the self-excited magnetic field and magnetohydrodynamics is established for the SE-DCCB with the traditional structure.The magnetic field,temperature and airflow distribution in the arc chamber are investigated with an interrupting current of 150 A.The simulation results show that the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force are the dominant factors in the arc root stagnation.The local high temperature of the arc chamber due to arc root stagnation increases the obstruction effect of the airflow vortex on the arc root movement,which significantly increases the arc duration time of small current interruption.Based on the research,the structure of the magnetic conductance plate of the actual product is improved,which can improve the direction and magnitude of the magnetic blowout force at the arc root so as to restrain the development of the airflow vortex effectively and solve the problem of arc root stagnation when the small current is interrupted.The simulation results show that the circuit breaker with improved structure has a better performance for a small current interruption range from 100 A to 350 A.

Influence of Self-excited Vibrating Cavity Structure on Droplet Diameter Characteristics of Twin-fluid Nozzle

It is a great challenge to find effective atomizing technology for reducing industrial pollution; the twin-fluid atomizing nozzle has drawn great attention in this field recently. Current studies on twin-fluid nozzles mainly focus on droplet breakup and single droplet characteristics. Research relating to the influences of structural parameters on the droplet diameter characteristics in the flow field is scarcely available. In this paper, the influence of a self-excited vibrating cavity structure on droplet diameter characteristics was investigated. Twin-fluid atomizing tests were performed by a self-built open atomizing test bench, which was based on a phase Doppler particle analyzer(PDPA). The atomizing flow field of the twin-fluid nozzle with a self-excited vibrating cavity and its absence were tested and analyzed. Then the atomizing flow field of the twin-fluid nozzle with different self-excited vibrating cavity structures was investigated.The experimental results show that the structural parameters of the self-excited vibrating cavity had a great effect on the breakup of large droplets. The Sauter mean diameter(SMD) increased with the increase of orifice diameter or orifice depth. Moreover, a smaller orifice diameter or orifice depth was beneficial to enhancing the turbulence around the outlet of nozzle and decreasing the SMD. The atomizing performance was better when the orifice diameter was2.0 mm or the orifice depth was 1.5 mm. Furthermore, the SMD increased first and then decreased with the increase of the distance between the nozzle outlet and self-excited vibrating cavity, and the SMD of more than half the atomizing flow field was under 35 μm when the distance was 5.0 mm. In addition, with the increase of axial and radial distance from the nozzle outlet, the SMD and arithmetic mean diameter(AMD) tend to increase. The research results provide some design parameters for the twin-fluid nozzle, and the experimental results could serve as a beneficial supplement to the twin-fluid nozzle study.

Self-excited vibration of driveline for vehicle launch

The launch shudder phenomenon induced by self-excited vibration of driveline was stud- ied with a compact car equipped with AMT as research object. The research showed that self-excited vibration was closely related with damping of driveline, the variation of friction coefficient, equiva- lent radius of friction plate and applied force of pressure plate. Six DOFs torsional vibration model of vehicle driveline was established according to the parameters of the certain compact car. The simula- tion was carried out and the result was compared with test data. It was found that the negative slope of friction coefficient with relative slip speed does not necessarily lead to self-excited vibration and the frequency of self-excited vibration on 1st gear is near to the 1st order of torsional natural frequen- cy. The influence of each viscous damping in driveline on self-excited vibration was analyzed by sim- ulation and the results showed that increasing the torsional dampings of half-axles and tires properly was effective to improve launch shudder phenomenon.

HARMONIC, SUBHARMONIC, SUPERHARMONIC, SIMULTANEOUS SUB/SUPER HARMONIC AND COMBINATION RESONANCES OF SELF-EXCITED TWO COUPLED SECOND ORDER SYSTEMS TO MULTI-FREQUENCY EXCITATION

Harmonic, subharmonic, superharmonic, simultaneous sub/super harmonic, and combination resonances of the additive type of self-excited two coupled-second order systems to multi-frequency excitation are investigated. The theoretical results are obtained by the multiple-scales method. The steady state amplitudes for each resonance are plotted, showing the influence of the different parameters. Analysis for each figure is given. Approximate solution corresponding to each type of resonance is determined. Stability analyses are carried out for each case.

Experiments on self-excited oscillation in a thin-walled collapsible tube

Self-excited oscillation in a collapsible tube is an important phenomenon in physiology. An experimental approach on self-excited oscillation in a thin-walled collapsi- ble tube is developed by using a high transmittance and low Young＇s modulus silicone rubber tube. The elastic tube is manufactured by the method of centrifugal casting in our laboratory. An optical method for recording the evolution of the cross-sectional areas at a certain position along the longitudinal direction of the tube is developed based on the technology of refractive index matching. With the transparent tube, the tube law is measured under the static no-flow condition. The cross section at the middle position of the tube transfers from a quasi-circular configuration to an ellipse, and then to a dumbell-shape as the chamber pressure is increased. During the self-excited oscillation, two periodic self-excited oscillating states and one transitional oscillating state are identified. They all belong to the LU mode. These different oscillating states are related to the initial cross-sectional shape of the tube caused by the difference of the downstream transmural pressure.

The Theory and Experimental Study of the Self-Excited Oscillation Pulsed Jet Nozzle (Pipeline Pulsed Flow Generator)

In this paper, the basic theories of the Self-excited Oscillation Pulsed Jet Nozzle (SEOPJN) invented by the authors are introduced. Then, some experimental results are shown. According to the results, using tricorn bits assembled the SEOPJN to drill oil well, the rate of penetration (ROP) increases by 8% - 77%, and the rate of the footage for tricorn bit increases by 6.7% - 44%. Although the test was conducted in the water, good result was got in nature gas transportation. The volume of gas transportation could be increased by the Self-excited Oscillation Pulsed generator while the gas pressure drop could be decreased, since it significantly reduced the pressure loss during gas transportation.

Investigation into rail corrugation in high-speed railway tracks from the viewpoint of the frictional self-excited vibration of a wheel–rail system

A finite element vibration model of a multiple wheel-rail system which consists of four wheels, one rail, and a series of sleepers is established to address the problem of rail corrugation in high-speed tracks. In the model, the creep forces between the wheels and rail are considered to be saturated and equal to the normal contact forces times the friction coefficient. The oscillation of the rail is coupled with that of wheels in the action of the saturated creep forces. When the coupling is strong, self- excited oscillation of the wheel-rail system occurs. The self-excited vibration propensity of the model is analyzed using the complex eigenvalue method. Results show that there are strong propensities of unstable self-excited vibrations whose frequencies are less than 1,200 Hz under some conditions. Preventing wheels from slipping on rails is an effective method for suppressing rail corrugation in high-speed tracks.

Side force control on slender body by self-excited oscillation flag

Strong asymmetrical vortices appear on the leeward of slender body at high angles of attack, which has very unfavorable effect on the stability and control of the aircraft. A method is developed to control the side force of slender body at high angles of attack, and is verified in wind tunnel. A thin-film triangular self-excited oscillation flag is fixed at the tip of the slender body model whose semi-apex angle is 10°. Side force is approximately linearly proportional to roll-setting angle of self-excited oscillation flag at high angles of attack, and the slop of fitting straight line obtained by the least square method is -0.158. The linear relationship between side force and roU-setting angle provides convenience for developing side force control law of slender body at high angles of attack. Experimental data shows that the side force coefficients vary linearly with roll-setting angles when a specific plastic self-excited oscillation flag is used as the control flag. The range of side force coefficient and roll-setting angle are, respectively, -3.2 to 3.0 and -20° to 20°. The device is simple, effective, and is of great potential in engineering application.

Complex dynamics of an archetypal self-excited SD oscillator driven by moving belt friction

We propose an archetypal self-excited system driven by moving belt friction, which is constructed with the smooth and discontinuous （SD） oscillator proposed by the Cao et al. and the classical moving belt. The moving belt friction is modeled as the Coulomb friction to formulate the mathematical model of the proposed self-excited SD oscillator. The equilibrium states of the unperturbed system are obtained to show the complex equilibrium bifurcations. Phase portraits are depicted to present the hyperbolic structure transition, the multiple stick regions, and the friction-induced asymmetry phenomena. The numerical simulations are carried out to demonstrate the friction-induced vibration of multiple stick-slip phenomena and the stick-slip chaos in the perturbed self-excited system. The results presented here provide an opportunity for us to get insight into the mechanism of the complex friction-induced nonlinear dynamics in mechanical engineering and geography.

APPROXIMATE ANALYTICAL SOLUTION OF THE SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION OF PIECEWISE-SMOOTH SYSTEMS INDUCED BY DRY FRICTION——The Vibration Mechanism of the Chinese Cultural Relic Dragon Washbasin

Based on our previous work, a mathematical model of piecewise-smooth systems is established by means of phase-plane orbit analysis, and it is then used to study the intersting phenomena of Chinese cultural relic Dragon Washbasin. The mechanism of nonlinear damping is analyzed; the approximate analytical solution of self-excited vibration of piecewise-smooth nonlinear systems induced by dry friction is derived by means of KB Method, the results of which agree well with that of the numerical solution. Therefore, the method presented in this paper is proved to be very efficient in analyzing the self-excited vibration of piecewise-smooth systems induced by dry friction.

SELF-EXCITED VIBRATION CAUSED BY DRY FRICTION BETWEEN TWO ELASTIC STRUCTURES——Vibration Mechanism of the Chinese Cultural Relic Dragon Washbasin

Based on our previous work([1]), self-excited vibration of a multi-degree-of-freedom system caused by dry friction between two elastic structures is investigated using the Chinese cultural relic dragon washbasin as an example. Some new characteristics of the self-excited vibration in this kind of system are found. The conditions under which self-excited vibration occurs at low-order or high-order modes are discussed. Effects of changes in parameters of the system on the self-excited vibration are analyzed. The vibration mechanism of the water droplets spurting phenomenon of the Chinese cultural relic dragon washbasin is further explained. This investigation presents a new idea for modeling the self-excited vibration caused by dry friction interaction between two elastic structures.

Internal Vibration and Synchronization of Four Coupled Self-Excited Elastic Beams

The vibration behavior and the synchronization between some internal points of four coupled self-excited beams are numerically studied. Coupling through the root of the beams is considered. The transverse displacements of the internal points and the beam tips are monitored, and the power spectra of the resulting time series are employed to determine the oscillation frequencies. The synchronization between beams is analyzed using phase portraits and correlation coefficients. Numerical results show multiple frequencies in the vibration pattern, and complex patterns of synchronization between pairs of beams.

A Reliable and Accurate Calculation of Excitation Capacitance Value for an Induction Generator Based on Interval Computation Technique

A squirrel cage induction generator （SCIG） offers many advantages for wind energy conversion systems but suffers from poor voltage regulation under varying operating conditions. The value of excitation capacitance （C exct ） is very crucial for the selfexcitation and voltage build-up as well as voltage regulation in SCIG. Precise calculation of the value of C exct is, therefore, of considerable practical importance. Most of the existing calculation methods make use of the steady-state model of the SCIG in conjunction with some numerical iterative method to determine the minimum value of C exct . But this results in over estimation, leading to poor transient dynamics. This paper presents a novel method, which can precisely calculate the value of C exct by taking into account the behavior of the magnetizing inductance during saturation. Interval analysis has been used to solve the equations. In the proposed method, a range of magnetizing inductance values in the saturation region are included in the calculation of C exct , required for the self-excitation of a 3-φ induction generator. Mathematical analysis to derive the basic equation and application of interval method is presented. The method also yields the magnetizing inductance value in the saturation region which corresponds to an optimum C exct（min） value. The proposed method is experimentally tested for a 1.1 kW induction generator and has shown improved results.

Mutator for transferring a memristor emulator into meminductive and memcapacitive circuits

In this paper, a concise but effective interface circuit for transforming a memristor into meminductive and memcapac- itive systems is designed. This newly proposed interface circuit, constructed by only two current conveyors, is equipped with three available ports, which can provide six connecting combinations in terms of one resistor, one capacitor, and one memristor. For the sake of confirming the design effectiveness, theoretical and simulation discussions are hence introduced and all the experimental waveforms provide conclusive evidence to validate the correctness of these new mutators. The most attractive features of this new interface circuit are the floating terminals and convenient practical implementation.