Since the existing prediction methods have encountered difficulties in processing themultiple influencing factors in short-term power load forecasting,we propose a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)neural ne...Since the existing prediction methods have encountered difficulties in processing themultiple influencing factors in short-term power load forecasting,we propose a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)neural network model based on the temporal pattern attention(TPA)mechanism.Firstly,based on the grey relational analysis,datasets similar to forecast day are obtained.Secondly,thebidirectional LSTM layermodels the data of thehistorical load,temperature,humidity,and date-type and extracts complex relationships between data from the hidden row vectors obtained by the BiLSTM network,so that the influencing factors(with different characteristics)can select relevant information from different time steps to reduce the prediction error of the model.Simultaneously,the complex and nonlinear dependencies between time steps and sequences are extracted by the TPA mechanism,so the attention weight vector is constructed for the hidden layer output of BiLSTM and the relevant variables at different time steps are weighted to influence the input.Finally,the chaotic sparrow search algorithm(CSSA)is used to optimize the hyperparameter selection of the model.The short-term power load forecasting on different data sets shows that the average absolute errors of short-termpower load forecasting based on our method are 0.876 and 4.238,respectively,which is lower than other forecastingmethods,demonstrating the accuracy and stability of our model.展开更多
多元负荷预测技术是保证综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)供需平衡与稳定运行的关键基石。但具有强随机性与波动性的IES负荷加剧了超短期多元负荷准确预测的难度。为此,提出考虑最小平均包络熵负荷分解的最优Bagging集成超...多元负荷预测技术是保证综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)供需平衡与稳定运行的关键基石。但具有强随机性与波动性的IES负荷加剧了超短期多元负荷准确预测的难度。为此,提出考虑最小平均包络熵负荷分解的最优Bagging集成超短期多元负荷预测方法。构建基于最小平均包络熵的变分模态分解参数优化模型,将IES多元负荷分解为本征模态分量集合;基于统一信息系数法筛选多元负荷预测的日历、气象与负荷强相关特征;结合负荷本征模态分量集合、日历规则、气象环境与负荷数据,构建Bagging集成超短期多元负荷预测模型,并建立基于平均绝对百分比误差与决定系数的集成策略优化模型,进而得到最优集成策略与最终预测结果。以美国亚利桑那州立大学坦佩校区IES为对象展开仿真验证,结果表明,所提方法的电、热、冷负荷预测平均绝对百分比误差分别为1.9486%、2.0585%、2.5331%,相比其他预测方法具有更高准确率。展开更多
基金supported by the Major Project of Basic and Applied Research in Guangdong Universities (2017WZDXM012)。
文摘Since the existing prediction methods have encountered difficulties in processing themultiple influencing factors in short-term power load forecasting,we propose a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)neural network model based on the temporal pattern attention(TPA)mechanism.Firstly,based on the grey relational analysis,datasets similar to forecast day are obtained.Secondly,thebidirectional LSTM layermodels the data of thehistorical load,temperature,humidity,and date-type and extracts complex relationships between data from the hidden row vectors obtained by the BiLSTM network,so that the influencing factors(with different characteristics)can select relevant information from different time steps to reduce the prediction error of the model.Simultaneously,the complex and nonlinear dependencies between time steps and sequences are extracted by the TPA mechanism,so the attention weight vector is constructed for the hidden layer output of BiLSTM and the relevant variables at different time steps are weighted to influence the input.Finally,the chaotic sparrow search algorithm(CSSA)is used to optimize the hyperparameter selection of the model.The short-term power load forecasting on different data sets shows that the average absolute errors of short-termpower load forecasting based on our method are 0.876 and 4.238,respectively,which is lower than other forecastingmethods,demonstrating the accuracy and stability of our model.
文摘多元负荷预测技术是保证综合能源系统(integrated energy system,IES)供需平衡与稳定运行的关键基石。但具有强随机性与波动性的IES负荷加剧了超短期多元负荷准确预测的难度。为此,提出考虑最小平均包络熵负荷分解的最优Bagging集成超短期多元负荷预测方法。构建基于最小平均包络熵的变分模态分解参数优化模型,将IES多元负荷分解为本征模态分量集合;基于统一信息系数法筛选多元负荷预测的日历、气象与负荷强相关特征;结合负荷本征模态分量集合、日历规则、气象环境与负荷数据,构建Bagging集成超短期多元负荷预测模型,并建立基于平均绝对百分比误差与决定系数的集成策略优化模型,进而得到最优集成策略与最终预测结果。以美国亚利桑那州立大学坦佩校区IES为对象展开仿真验证,结果表明,所提方法的电、热、冷负荷预测平均绝对百分比误差分别为1.9486%、2.0585%、2.5331%,相比其他预测方法具有更高准确率。
文摘为了解决单个神经网络预测的局限性和时间序列的波动性,提出了一种奇异谱分析(singular spectrum analysis,SSA)和Stacking框架相结合的短期负荷预测方法。利用随机森林筛选出与历史负荷相关性强烈的特征因素,采用SSA为负荷数据降噪,简化模型计算过程;基于Stacking框架,结合长短期记忆(long and short-term memory,LSTM)-自注意力机制(self-attention mechanism,SA)、径向基(radial base functions,RBF)神经网络和线性回归方法集成新的组合模型,同时利用交叉验证方法避免模型过拟合;选取PJM和澳大利亚电力负荷数据集进行验证。仿真结果表明,与其他模型比较,所提模型预测精度高。
