Helsinki Environmental Services Authority HSY ,Ammaissuo waste management centre consists of two landfill sites. The old land filling area was established in 1987 and closed in 2007. The landfilling at the new landfil...Helsinki Environmental Services Authority HSY ,Ammaissuo waste management centre consists of two landfill sites. The old land filling area was established in 1987 and closed in 2007. The landfilling at the new landfill section started in November 2007. Until spring 2014 the main treatment method for source separated MSW （municipal solid＇waste） collected from Helsinki Metropolitan area households was landfilling. Approximately 250,000 tonnes of MSW was landfilled annually. From April 2014 on all of the MWS has been utilized in heat and electricity production at new Waste to Energy plant owned and operated by energy company Vantaa Energy Ltd. The landscaping of the landfills is currently ongoing. The construction of the landfill gas collection system was started in 1994 and from 1996 on landfill gas from old landfill area was recovered and burned in torches to reduce the greenhouse gas effect caused by methane in landfill gas. In the end of year （2004） new landfill gas utilisation system was taken in use Gas was used as a fuel in HOB （heat only boiler） to generate district heating for nearby community as well as commercial and industrial sites. The capacity of the system was 7,000 Nm3/h that corresponded to app. 30 MW of heat. Since district heat was mainly needed only during the cold season of the year only about half of the landfill gas produced by the landfill was able to utilize and rest of the gas was still flared leading to relatively low utilization rate of the gas. The construction work of the new 15 MW ＋ 1.2 MW electricity power plant started in spring 2009. The power plant consists of four gas engines and generators and organic rankine cycle process utilizing thermal oil for heat transfer from exhaust gas and steam turbine with hexamethyldisiloxane （silicone oil） as a medium agent. The ORC （Organic Rankine Cycle）-process was commissioned in August 2011 and the operational experiences have been very good. Based on current knowledge the HSY power plant is the biggest landfill gas fired power plant in Europe and probably even in the whole world. Also the combined engine and ORC-process is unique for landfill gas power plants. The third phase of the biogas utilization took place in summer 2015 when the anaerobic digestion biowaste treatment plant was introduced. At the moment the product gas from digestion plant is utilized at landfill gas power plant. In the future gas will be used as a fuel for new power plant process consisting two gas engines and ORC process. Commissioning of the new power plant will take place in October 2016. This paper presents detailed description of the landfill gas utilization system of HSY waste treatment centre and information on operational experiences of landfill gas fired power plant process.展开更多
The main objective of this study is estimating environmental pollution of hybrid biomass and co-generation power plants. Efficiency of direct tapping of biomass is about 15%-20%. Consequently, about 80% of energy woul...The main objective of this study is estimating environmental pollution of hybrid biomass and co-generation power plants. Efficiency of direct tapping of biomass is about 15%-20%. Consequently, about 80% of energy would be waste in this method. While in co-generation power plant, this number could improve to more than 50%. Therefore, to achieve higher efficiency in utilizing biomass energy, co-generation power plants is proposed by using biogas as fuel instead of natural gas. Proposed system would be supplied thermal and electrical energy for non-urban areas of Iran. In this regard, process of fermentation and gas production from biomass in a vertical digester is studied and simulated using analytic methods. Various factors affecting the fermentation, such as temperature, humidity, PH and optimal conditions for the extraction of gas from waste agriculture and animal are also determined. Comparing between the pollution emission from fossil fuel power plants and power plants fed by biomass shows about 88% reduction in greenhouse emission which significant number.展开更多
厌氧共消化是市政有机固废减量化资源化的主流工艺之一,然而湖北省武汉市仍缺乏具有本地代表性的厨余垃圾与剩余污泥厌氧共消化效能及潜在影响的相关研究。通过生化产甲烷潜力批式实验、动力学分析和共消化性能评估考察了武汉本地典型...厌氧共消化是市政有机固废减量化资源化的主流工艺之一,然而湖北省武汉市仍缺乏具有本地代表性的厨余垃圾与剩余污泥厌氧共消化效能及潜在影响的相关研究。通过生化产甲烷潜力批式实验、动力学分析和共消化性能评估考察了武汉本地典型厨余垃圾和剩余污泥的比例对厌氧共消化效能和潜在应用的影响。研究结果表明:厨余垃圾与剩余污泥共消化的产甲烷速率比厨余垃圾单独消化提高了40%~96%;厨余垃圾与剩余污泥的最佳比例为2∶1(基于VS),此时实际产甲烷潜力为408 mLCH_(4)·g^(-1) VS added,比理论叠加值提高了11.2%;厌氧消化的渗透率达到60%时,武汉本地的厨余垃圾和剩余污泥通过厌氧消化回收的能量高达6100万m^(3)CH_(4)·a^(-1)或2亿kWh·a^(-1),可以供应约7.6%的居民生活天然气需求量或1.7%的电力需求量,可为武汉本地乃至全国的厨余垃圾和剩余污泥共消化提供参考和指导意义。展开更多
文摘Helsinki Environmental Services Authority HSY ,Ammaissuo waste management centre consists of two landfill sites. The old land filling area was established in 1987 and closed in 2007. The landfilling at the new landfill section started in November 2007. Until spring 2014 the main treatment method for source separated MSW （municipal solid＇waste） collected from Helsinki Metropolitan area households was landfilling. Approximately 250,000 tonnes of MSW was landfilled annually. From April 2014 on all of the MWS has been utilized in heat and electricity production at new Waste to Energy plant owned and operated by energy company Vantaa Energy Ltd. The landscaping of the landfills is currently ongoing. The construction of the landfill gas collection system was started in 1994 and from 1996 on landfill gas from old landfill area was recovered and burned in torches to reduce the greenhouse gas effect caused by methane in landfill gas. In the end of year （2004） new landfill gas utilisation system was taken in use Gas was used as a fuel in HOB （heat only boiler） to generate district heating for nearby community as well as commercial and industrial sites. The capacity of the system was 7,000 Nm3/h that corresponded to app. 30 MW of heat. Since district heat was mainly needed only during the cold season of the year only about half of the landfill gas produced by the landfill was able to utilize and rest of the gas was still flared leading to relatively low utilization rate of the gas. The construction work of the new 15 MW ＋ 1.2 MW electricity power plant started in spring 2009. The power plant consists of four gas engines and generators and organic rankine cycle process utilizing thermal oil for heat transfer from exhaust gas and steam turbine with hexamethyldisiloxane （silicone oil） as a medium agent. The ORC （Organic Rankine Cycle）-process was commissioned in August 2011 and the operational experiences have been very good. Based on current knowledge the HSY power plant is the biggest landfill gas fired power plant in Europe and probably even in the whole world. Also the combined engine and ORC-process is unique for landfill gas power plants. The third phase of the biogas utilization took place in summer 2015 when the anaerobic digestion biowaste treatment plant was introduced. At the moment the product gas from digestion plant is utilized at landfill gas power plant. In the future gas will be used as a fuel for new power plant process consisting two gas engines and ORC process. Commissioning of the new power plant will take place in October 2016. This paper presents detailed description of the landfill gas utilization system of HSY waste treatment centre and information on operational experiences of landfill gas fired power plant process.
文摘The main objective of this study is estimating environmental pollution of hybrid biomass and co-generation power plants. Efficiency of direct tapping of biomass is about 15%-20%. Consequently, about 80% of energy would be waste in this method. While in co-generation power plant, this number could improve to more than 50%. Therefore, to achieve higher efficiency in utilizing biomass energy, co-generation power plants is proposed by using biogas as fuel instead of natural gas. Proposed system would be supplied thermal and electrical energy for non-urban areas of Iran. In this regard, process of fermentation and gas production from biomass in a vertical digester is studied and simulated using analytic methods. Various factors affecting the fermentation, such as temperature, humidity, PH and optimal conditions for the extraction of gas from waste agriculture and animal are also determined. Comparing between the pollution emission from fossil fuel power plants and power plants fed by biomass shows about 88% reduction in greenhouse emission which significant number.
文摘厌氧共消化是市政有机固废减量化资源化的主流工艺之一,然而湖北省武汉市仍缺乏具有本地代表性的厨余垃圾与剩余污泥厌氧共消化效能及潜在影响的相关研究。通过生化产甲烷潜力批式实验、动力学分析和共消化性能评估考察了武汉本地典型厨余垃圾和剩余污泥的比例对厌氧共消化效能和潜在应用的影响。研究结果表明:厨余垃圾与剩余污泥共消化的产甲烷速率比厨余垃圾单独消化提高了40%~96%;厨余垃圾与剩余污泥的最佳比例为2∶1(基于VS),此时实际产甲烷潜力为408 mLCH_(4)·g^(-1) VS added,比理论叠加值提高了11.2%;厌氧消化的渗透率达到60%时,武汉本地的厨余垃圾和剩余污泥通过厌氧消化回收的能量高达6100万m^(3)CH_(4)·a^(-1)或2亿kWh·a^(-1),可以供应约7.6%的居民生活天然气需求量或1.7%的电力需求量,可为武汉本地乃至全国的厨余垃圾和剩余污泥共消化提供参考和指导意义。
