From“Semantic Equivalence”to“Verve Reproduction”—Exploration on Xu Yuanchong’s English Translation of the Analects

This paper focuses on the English translation of Xu Yuanchong’s Analects,explains in depth the theory of semantic equivalence and the theory of verve reproduction.It analyzes the application and integration of these two theories by Xu Yuanchong in detail.Through a comprehensive textual analysis,this paper summarizes the remarkable achievements of the English translation of the Analects,such as the accurate transmission of semantics and the vivid reproduction of cultural charm,which is expected to bring new thinking directions and valuable references to the study of the English translation of the Analects.

Semantic Changes and Translation of Chinese Buzzwords of COVID-19 Pandemic

As a unique cultural product of the pandemic era,the COVID-19 pandemic buzzwords fully reflect the characteristics of the time.The paper applies the prototype theory to classify the semantic changes of the pandemic prevention buzzwords into two types:semantic evolution and semantic variation,and briefly discusses the implications of the prototype theory for translating the pandemic prevention propaganda slogans based on understanding the semantic changes to help people further understand the pandemic buzzwords as well as related social realities.

Universal Semantics in Translation

What and how we translate are questions often argued about. No matter what kind of answers one may give, priority in translation should be granted to meaning, especially those meanings that exist in all concerned languages. This research defines them as universal sememes, and the study of them as universal semantics, of which applications are also briefly looked into.

Discussion on Semantic and Communicative Translation and Its Application to English Translation of Tour Guide Manuals

Semantic translation and communicative translation are two strategies in Newmark's translation theory.This article begins with a discussion on Newmark's two translation methods,and aims at providing a theoretical basis for the combined application of both methods in translation of tour guide manuals.

Comparison between“Dynamic Equivalence”and“Semantic and Communicative Translation”

This paper explores the similarities and differences between Eugene Nida's dynamic equivalence and Peter Newmark's semantic and communicative translation. And it points out the strengths and weaknesses in the two proponents'theories, enabling the translation learners to have a better understanding to the theories.

The Difference and Application of Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation

The concepts of communicative and semantic translation represent Peter Newmark’s main contribution to general translation theory.Both semantic and communicative translations comply with the usually accepted syntactic equivalents or correspondences for the source text(ST) languages and the target language(TL) and each of the two translation methods has its own characteristics as well as application fields.

A Comparative Study on the Translation of Ou Yang Xiu's Qiu Sheng Fu——in terms of communicative and semantic translation

Qiu Sheng Fu,is considered as one of the finest works in Chinese literature, famous for its daring imagery. The translation of this masterpiece exposes a most difficult task for translators. The author picks out two well-accepted translated versions:one is Ruo Jingguo's Ode To The Sound Of Autumn and L. Cranmer-Byng's Autumn, as the author sees it, they are the typical example of semantic translation and communicative translation of the source text respectively. From this perspective, the writer aims to make a comparative study and demonstrate the differences between the two.

Towards On-line Automated Semantic Scoring of English-Chinese Translation

Described and exemplified a semantic scoring system of students' on-line English-Chinese translation. To achieve accurate assessment, the system adopted a comprehensive method which combines semantic scoring with keyword matching scoring. Four kinds of words-verbs, adjectives, adverbs and "the rest" including nouns, pronouns, idioms, prepositions, etc., are identified after parsing. The system treats different words tagged with different part of speech differently. Then it calculated the semantic similarity between these words of the standard versions and those of students' translations by the distinctive differences of the semantic features of these words with the aid of HowNet. The first semantic feature of verbs and the last semantic features of adjectives and adverbs are calculated. "The rest" is scored by keyword matching. The experiment results show that the semantic scoring system is applicable in fulfilling the task of scoring students' on-line English-Chinese translations.

Translation Strategies of Long and Difficult Journalistic Sentences From the Perspective of Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation Theory

Peter Newmark’s semantic translation and communicative translation theories play a guiding role in translation practice.Translating long and difficult English sentences into Chinese has been a focus of study among translators.The paper explores how to translate long and difficult journalistic English sentences into Chinese from the perspective of semantic translation and communicative translation theories,advancing four effective translating strategies for handling long and difficult journalistic English sentences:sequential translation,splitting translation,reversing translation,and recasting translation,so as to improve the readability and faithfulness of the Chinese version.

Notes on the Semantic Clash Caused by Individual Background, a Survey on Translation Materials in Qing Dynasty

Influenced by translator＇s individual background, semantic clash is inevitable during the process of code-switching from source language to target language. This re-correspondence in semantic level has been well-shown not only in the translation of literature works, but in those of dictionary and glossary translations as well. Semantic clash, generally, is based on two main factors, one is the inherent difference between languages lying in typology features, the other is the social and culture diversity factors lying in the translator＇s personal background. According to actual translation works, social and culture factors of individual background take the dominant position unconsciously over other features in the process of code-switching. The present paper, branches the latter factor into certain categories, by analyzing bilingual dictionaries and glossaries cases in the 18th century, Qing Dynasty, and indicates that the conceptual lagging, religion beliefs, living environment and political stand embedded in individual background will somehow result in semantic clash, which will lead the relevant research to pay more attention on cross-cultural literature translation.

A Study of C-E Translation of Flower Culture from the Perspective of Peter Newmark’s Semantic and Communicative Translation Theory——A Case Study of Xue Baochai’s Flower Card in A Dream of Red Mansions

In the process of cultural exchanges between China and the West,Chinese traditional flower culture is an important con?tent of communication.From the case of Xue Baochai’s flower card,this paper compares and analyzes the translation of flower cul?ture in Yang Hsien-yi’s and David Hawkes’translations of A Dream of Red Mansions,attempting to seek a translation strategy for flower culture.The theoretical foundation adopted is Newmark’s semantic and communicative translation theory.

Application Studies on And Then There Were None under the Guidance of Semantic and Communicative Translation Theories

And Then There Were None is one of Agatha Christie's representative detective novel.Since detective novel is different from general literary work,the translation of it is necessary to find some translation skills.It analyzes the vivid effect of Newmark's semantic and communicative translations on the De's Chinese version of And Then There Were None which causes the literary fla-vor to the detective novel.De's version accurately expresses Agatha's literary accomplishment even if it is the detective novel which always pays attention to the logical and calm detection and the intelligence race with the reader.It uses Newmark's theory to explore,and has found that the semantic translation in the application of the key clue and the application of the communicative translation on the creation of the characters and the special description of the environment.In conclusion,with different applica-tions in the novel,the semantic and communicative translations have their unique effects on the literary vision.Semantic transla-tion is reflected in the novel's clues and psychological interrogations.Communicative translation is mainly reflected in the charac-terization of the characters and the description of the environment,providing the guidance for the translation of detective novels.

The Application of Semantic Relations and Denotative and Connotative Meanings in Translation Practice

Semantics,the study of meaning,is closely connected with translation,the practice of transferring meaning.The paper uses a lot of examples based on real translation practice to prove that semantics plays a very important role in translation practice.Understanding and making good use of semantic relations,including synonymy,polysemy,homonymy and antonymy,are quite important for a translator to deal with some complicated semantic problems in translation practice.The paper also discusses the concept of denotative and connotative meanings,two basic types of meaning in Semantics.Denotation means the literal meaning of a word which is given in dictionaries;and connotation,the associative and suggestive meanings of a word in its context.Be cause of cultural difference,words with the same denotations may have totally different connotations,which is why the concept of denotation and connotation plays a very important role in English/Chinese translation.In order to translate a text into another language correctly,translator must totally understand the meaning of the original word,both denotative and connotative mean ing,and be aware of the potential connotations of the word in the target language.

Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation:A Case Study in My Chinese Translation of Alnwick's Inspired Heritage

This essay deals with my Chinese translation of a tour brochure and highlights some issues in translation. The translation strategies semantic translation and communicative translation are famous approaches proposed by Peter Newmark in his book Approaches to Translation. He puts forward his text typology and categorizes all text types into three types, i.e. expressive text, informative text and vocative text. In order to solve problems emerging in different types, he presents two dominant translation approaches, namely, semantic translation and communicative translation (Newmark, 2001). These translation methods are regarded as a milestone in translation theory and highly quoted by many scholars. Semantic translation emphasizes the thinking process of the author and represents the origin meanings of the source text. In this case, translator makes little interference with the harmony of the source text. Semantic translation can preserve the characteristics and expression patterns of the source language, forcing readers to follow the thinking pattern of the author. While communicative translation indicates that the influence of translation on target readers should be identical to the effect of original article on source readers. Communicative translation is target-language-orientated and focuses on transference of information. This translation strategy allows translator to reorganize sentences with classical phrases in the target language to make his translation accessible to target readers. Of course, these different translation strategies often complement with each other, and should be combined together in translation.

A Study of Legal Translation from the Perspective of Frame Semantics

Due to the special features of legal English, its translation is different from the translation of others. In fact, legal translation can be deemed as a double operation between legal transfer and language transfer. Thus, many factors need to be taken into consideration in legal translation. Frame semantics is just the perspective of translation which provides a new angle to the legal translation. This paper proposes three strategies for legal translation based on frame semantics. The three strategies are frame correspondence, frame selection and frame transfer.

A Case Study of Translation of Memories of Qingdao(Excerpt) from the Perspective of Semantic Translation

The author's practice of translation—Memories of Qingdao is selected from Liang Shiqiu's works, and he is a Chinese famous contemporary prose writer. The Chinese original version of Memories of Qingdao doesn't have its English translation yet,and this part is also selected as English World Cup's competition text in 2019. The study object in this thesis is the translation practice of Memories of Qingdao and the main theoretical foundation is semantic translation, combining with communicative translation as the auxiliary translation theory to modify and improve the translation text. This aim of this translation practice report is to introduce Chinese excellent literary works to foreign readers as well as to spread Chinese excellent cultures. Meanwhile, its purpose also includes the self-promotion of literary connotation and translation competence, providing more conference in the field of literary translation.

Semantic and Communicative Translation:On the English Translation Methods of Martial Arts Moves in Legends of the Condor Heroes

The martial arts novel is not only a significant kind of Chinese popular fictions but also a novel category unique to Chi⁃nese culture.Legends of the Condor Heroes is the representative one which was once adapted into nationally popular TV series,boasting a widespread domestic mass base.Therefore,the book may become a key to the door of foreign readers’interest in Chi⁃nese martial arts culture.This thesis takes the latest English version of Legends of the Condor Heroes as the research object,focus⁃ing on six specific translation methods from the perspectives of semantic translation and communicative translation.The six transla⁃tion methods discussed in the thesis include:(1)literal translation;(2)combination of transliteration and literal translation;(3)liter⁃al translation with necessary notes;(4)free translation;(5)combination of transliteration and free translation;(6)creative transla⁃tion.

The English Subtitle Translation of Quanzhou’s World Heritage Application Documentary: A Frame Theory Perspective

Based on Fillmore’s frame theory, this paper examines the translator’s cognitive frame operation in the English subtitle translation of Quanzhou’s World Heritage application documentary. It analyzes and discusses how the translator maximizes translation effect between the source language and the target language, so as to enhance the readability of documentary subtitles and promote the spread of traditional Chinese culture. The findings are as follows: Firstly, in the translation process, the frame operations used by the translator include frame correspondence, intra-frame operations, frame replacement, frame perspective shift and frame transplantation. Secondly, cultural documentaries are full of culture-loaded words, for which the translator usually uses frame transplantation. Thirdly, due to the instantaneous nature of subtitles, intra-frame operations and frame replacement are applied in terms of cultural background of the target language audience. Besides, in order to enhance the audience’s reading experience, there may be some changes of narrative perspective in the English translation of cultural documentaries.

利奇Semantics“语义类型”术语群的汉译——兼谈Leech语义分类的逻辑

利奇(Geoffrey Leech)的《语义学》(Semantics)关于语义类型的术语形成一个"术语群",学界关于该术语群给出的汉语翻译分歧较大,在综合考量已有翻译和研究成果的基础上,结合Leech语义分类的逻辑,笔者倾向于译为:理性意义(Conceptual Meaning)、内涵意义(Connotative Meaning)、搭配意义(Collocative Meaning)、情感意义(Affective Meaning)、社会意义(Social Meaning)、反应意义(Reflected Meaning)、主位意义(Thematic Meaning)。"语义类型"术语群的汉译存在一定分歧有文本内外原因。

On the Comprehension in Business Translation

The course of any translation usually includes comprehension,expression and proofreading,no matter whether from mother language to a foreign language or from a foreign language to mother language,no matter what kind of translating method being adopted.Comprehending the original text accurately is the foundation and prerequisite.Incorrect comprehension of the original text will inevitably result in incorrect expression.Analyzing the causes of incorrect comprehension and the ways of getting correct comprehension of the original text can help expound the importance of comprehension in the course of translation with some examples of literature translation,technology translation,and business English translation,etc.