江南水乡古镇符号景观元素的系统性研究

1江南水乡古镇符号景观元素的类型1.1体现传统文化理念的规划与布局风格中国古代的城镇居住选址与布局大都受到了传统文化理念的影响,诸如儒家关于形成封建正统的伦理秩序观,道家崇尚自由飘逸的和谐自然观等。例如风水堪舆学说,在江南的水乡古镇选址与布局上基本都能够找到它的影子,如"适中居中"、"顺乘生气"、"阴阳平衡"等。以五行、风水理念为依据的规划原则,是江南水乡古镇建设的一个显著特点,也是中国传统文化深深植根于普通百姓日常生活之中的一个见证。

Resuscitation on the K-1 Yongquan: Ethical and Methodological Aspects of Its Pilot Study

K-1 Yongquan complementary resuscitation maneuver, systematized since 1987, has been consistently performed in sudden death and cardiac arrest conditions as a final resource in both basic and advanced CPR failure. Experimental analytical studies identify the prevention, control and assessment of treatments set up as well as the determination of their efficiency offering;in that way, there are more possibilities than risks during the trial period. That type of study refers to the random criterion in order to measure differences and, in that way, it establishes causal associations which may better determine the intervention mechanism. As inferred by this criterion, control groups would not profit from the benefit of providing a second chance by means of the proposed maneuver during rescue. Such determination leaves those included in the control group deserted to their own ill-fate, adding—consequently—a certain lethal risk, which should basic and advanced CPR fail. In view of this panorama, we tried to find a methodology that should ensure the validation process according to the model presented;to that end, we propose the Cohort Retrospective Study. All of the above has given evidence that there is a difference if one takes into consideration as control the group of “deceased patients” instead of considering among them “patients that may be deceased”. Such apparently simple consideration—thanks to the Cohort Retrospective model—manages to efface the high possibility of a “fatal damage”, as proposed by the randomness principle upon a prospective non-intervention group. Beyond the scientific methodology that supports it the efficiency of the maneuver derives mainly from the sustained increase in survival rates presented in the successive statistics published since its application.

Multimodal teaching,learning and training in virtual reality:a review and case study

It is becoming increasingly prevalent in digital learning research to encompass an array of different meanings,spaces,processes,and teaching strategies for discerning a global perspective on constructing the student learning experience.Multimodality is an emergent phenomenon that may influence how digital learning is designed,especially when employed in highly interactive and immersive learning environments such as Virtual Reality(VR).VR environments may aid students'efforts to be active learners through consciously attending to,and reflecting on,critique leveraging reflexivity and novel meaning-making most likely to lead to a conceptual change.This paper employs eleven industrial case-studies to highlight the application of multimodal VR-based teaching and training as a pedagogically rich strategy that may be designed,mapped and visualized through distinct VR-design elements and features.The outcomes of the use cases contribute to discern in-VR multimodal teaching as an emerging discourse that couples system design-based paradigms with embodied,situated and reflective praxis in spatial,emotional and temporal VR learning environments.

Semiotic理论在农业生态观光园景观构建中的应用

在目前的农业生态观光园景观构建中,由于规划缺乏系统性和地域性,导致国内景观单调、园区结构混乱、园务管理难等问题。因此,试图引入语言符号学理论进行景观设计,以降低景观设计中的非理性因素。藉此,对语言符号学理论中的重要论点及其在农业生态观光园景观设计中的应用进行论述,并分别就点、线、面状元素等设计思想,以戛洒农业生态观光园景观设计为例进行了说明。

An Analysis of the Ballad of the Sad Café from the Perspective of Grei mas'Semiotic Square

Greimas's Semiotic Square is a new approach in analyzing literary works.Based on Sassure and Jacnson's claim on binary opposition,Gereimas extends it to four actants and adds contradictory relationships.By assign meanings to the four actants,an analysis of the complicated relationship between the roles in a text can be made and a revelation of the theme of the text can be realized.Previous studies of this novel take it as an excellent work revealing loneliness and isolation is thought to be the basic condition of human existence.Other study covers the effects of the unrequited love.Quiet differently,this paper tries to interpret this novel by Greimas'semiotic square and thereby revealing the widely accepted theme of this novel that isolation and loneliness is the final destiny of human being in modern society.

Multilingual Practices and Multiple Contestations in the Linguistic Landscape of Selected Towns in Oromia:A geosemiotic perspective

This study analyzed a linguistic landscape,which is a relatively recent development in sociolinguistic research committed to the investigation of the visual manifestations of the relationships observed between language or semiosis and society in the public space.There has been less attention on the semiotic interpretations in the public environments despite the ubiquitous nature of such signs in Ethiopia.This study intends to fill this gap through Semiotic Landscape research.By means of mixed methods,qualitative and quantitative,it aims to discover the contestations in the Linguistic Landscape(LL,henceforth)of selected urban environments in Oromia.The study employed a theoretical concept of geosemiotics from social semiotics as an analytical tool.Visual data consisting of 1275 photographs of signs were collected from the main streets of Adama,Jimma and Sebeta towns from different domains of sign using bodies.Besides,data were collected through in-depth interviews with major LL actors,selected based on purposive sampling technique.The analysis demonstrated that some top-down and most of bottom-up signs showed varieties of multilingual practices,contestations,identity constructions and other related social concerns.The absence of a clear policy on language use on signs at both federal and regional levels has resulted in contestations.

A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of A Movie Poster——“Tangled”

As is known to all, language takes a significant role in communication and understanding. Actually, according to Systemic-Function and visual grammar, a varitey of semiotic resources such as image, color, could be analysed and understood as a language. A movie poster is an example of decoding a complex intergration of a variety of semiotic resources. Through analysing a movie poster, it is clear to see how the realization of the three meta-functions based on Systemic-Function contributes to the overall meaning conveyed by movie posters.

Bernard Shaw is an Incomplete Feminist—A Feminist Semiotic Reading of Candida

As an advocate for feminism,George Bernard Shaw,to awaken especially women to their subordinate and captivated posi⁃tion and opportunity for being New woman,wrote Candida in a time when women were stuck into“the virgin mother”role.Howev⁃er,from the perspective of feminist semiotic theory,we found that although creating a new woman different from the one defined by the common standard,Bernard Shaw still didn’t break the chain of portraying a“sign woman”-“the virgin mother”controlled by the patriarchal prejudice from male gaze.In addition,Candida becomes an object portrayed through two men characters and she be⁃comes the means to expose the developing of man character rather than the subject in the play.And Shaw’s limited feminism is al⁃so reflected in his other plays.Therefore,Bernard Shaw is an incomplete feminist.

“Survival”and“death”in Céline’s novels

Louis-Ferdinand Céline,a French writer of the twentieth century,was an important author during the two world wars in France.His works,set against the backdrop of these wars,depict the various aspects of human nature during wartime.“Survival”and“Death”are important themes discussed in Céline’s novels.Under the background of wars,“survival”becomes the instinct of characters in Céline’s works,but the threat of death is always present.Through the perspective of a doctor,Céline materializes“survival”and“death,”using metaphors such as“devouring,”“decomposition,”and“corrosion”to illustrate the viewpoint of“death on the installment plan,”vividly depicting the“imagination”and“fear”between“survival”and“death,”presenting the disasters and sufferings caused by wars,and expressing strong antiwar sentiments within a pessimistic view of life and death.By using semiotic isotope as a tool,we study the thematic generation process of“survival and death,”analyzing the“surface-level image paths”of the text through the“discourse images,”and then delving into the deeper layers of the text to discover the inherent and shared nuclear seme features of these images and their repetition of information,namely semiotic isotope.

Assistive technologies and habit development:a Semiotic Model of Technological Mediation

In the field of philosophy of technology,the concept of mediation is central to understanding how technology shapes human experience and behavior.Our aim in this paper is to contribute to the understanding of technological mediation,in particular how and why it is possible.Technological mediation occurs within a mediation space between the technological realm and the user realm.In the technological realm,technology regularizes events and actions,while in the user realm,the user interprets the significative potential of the technology.This interpretation process is identical with use and involves the formation of user habits,which are constrained by technological,cognitive,and sociocultural factors.To provide a theoretical framework for our analysis,we propose the Semiotic Model of Technological Mediation(SMTM),which draws on Charles Peirceʼs semiotics.To illustrate our argument,we focus on assistive technology and provide a recurring example of the Medimi®Smart,a digital,comprehensive system for medication handling.

Cultural unitred in the Old Testament

The paper describes and analyzes the full presence of red in the Old Testament-in Hebrew and translations.The approach is interdisciplinary,which includes:the treatment of color as a cultural unit,according to the idea of Umberto Eco;lexical and contextual semantics;examining Basic Color Terms(BCT-adjective,noun,verb),Prototype Terms(PT blood and fire),Rival Terms of Prototypes(RT),e.g.ruby;Ters for Basic Features of the Prototypes(TBFP burn);translation as a criterion and semiotic value;semiotic osmosis(semio-osmosis)as a process that aims equivalence between Hebrew PT and TBFP;semio-osmosis and accommodation;cultural and linguistic context;the interplay of old information(topic/theme)-new information(focus/rheme);rhizome of Hebrew root Aleph-Dalet-Mem deriving untranslatable set of words;well-structured and always translatable terms for PTs.Some links between the Old and New Testaments based on red color are explicit.

Cultural unitwhite prototypeterms

The article focuses on the Hebrew prototypes terms(PTs)of white in the Old Testament-light,milk,and snow.The aim is to explore the worldview of Hebrew to reveal the original messages of the Bible.The translation is an essential tool that shows which translation elements(the word and its root derivatives)are symmetrical,asymmetric,and dissymmetric to Hebrew due to the different worldviews of languages.The method is interdisciplinary and includes several theories and approaches.Original is Almalech's methodology for tracking all verbal options to signify color:Basic color term(BCT),prototype term(PT),rival terms to prototype(RT),and terms for the basic feature of the prototype(TBFP).Semiotic osmosis is also an original element of Almalech's methodology and has a place in the study of colors in the Bible.The phenomenon is observed when Hebrew PT is translated with the BCT,Hebrew TBFP is translated with BCT in the Indo-European language,e.g.,darkness is translated with black,fresh is translated with green.In the case of light,semiotic osmosis is when a quality of light is perceived as synonymous with light,e.g.,brilliance is synonymous with light in Hebrew,English,Bulgarian,and other languages.The importance of light in religious systems,regional culture,and natural features are taken into account.Almalech's semiotic approach to color,ie.,treating them as a sign communication system,involves the insisting that a distinction must be made between verbal and visual color because of their different potential to have primary and secondary(figurative and cultural)meanings.The substance of the language sign(sound is a mechanical wave)is physically different from the visual sign(electromagnetic wave).Almalech considered prototypes to be the cognitive interface between verbal and visual colors.Therefore,semiotically understood,color is a cultural unit that contains verbal and visual colors,complemented by social,religious,and folkloric use of primary and secondary color meanings.

Toward a semiotic pyramid:language studies,AI,and knowledge exchange economy

This paper addresses the interrelation between AI and language studies in the(digital)humanities in the context of knowledge exchange economies.We propose a three-dimensional semiotic model(pyramid)that includes AI as an active agent in meaning-creation into the sign system of communication and test its validity on autocompletion and predictive texting.We,therefore,analyzed 360 million tweets on COvID-19 over a period of 2 years and focused on the time-dependent shift of language use in the positive and negative extremes correlating to significant external events.The data suggest that digital language use has significantly changed over the course of the pandemic.Feedback loops are created between Al,utterance,and external reality that fossilize preconceived notions into textual isoglosses by suggesting and completing text entries.We thus argue that AI subtly changes the perception of reality by influencing the choice of wording.To mitigate the impact of AI in meaning-creation,we highlight the structural precautions undertaken by providers;we argue,however,that the(digital)humanities may re-emphasize their intrinsic value within the economy of knowledge exchange according to the subject-specific insights they may provide for language use and AI.

Semiotic rhetoric of gift giving in ancient China

This paper examines the signifying mechanism of gift-giving in ancient China from the perspective of semiotic rhetoric,aiming to answer the question of what can be regarded as li(roughly meaning ceremony,rite,courtesy,or gift)or,in other words,how the social meaning of gifts is constructed in giving semiosis.It describes four dominant rhetorical devices that existed in ritual and non-ritual gift exchanges in ancient China.The ritual gift tended to adopt simile and conceit as its meaning-construction device,becoming a symbolic good beyond‘thingness'and thus fulfilling the sociocultural function of ritual.Non-ritual giving activity made use of semiotic metonymy and synecdoche as a strategy of indirectness'to maintain the relationship between the giver and receiver in daily communications.

The Peircean Sign as a Model for Interpreting Semiotic Structures in Mandarin Chinese

The notion that language is a system of signs is explored in the context of Mandarin Chinese.We use the Peircean Sign,derived from the Peircean ontological categories Firstness,Secondness,and Thirdness,as an interpretive framework.Because Mandarin Chinese is both well-documented and comparatively opaque to foreign influences,it presents an ideal case study for the formation of semiotic structures based on the operation of a single Peircean Category-sign(in contrast to English,which,with much higher levels of foreign contact-induced change,would be expected to involve a broad mixture of various semiotic influences).We examine semiotic structures in Chinese at the featural/phonological,lexical,and morphosyntactic levels,as well as the inventory of written characters.We conclude that the primary constraint that conditions semiotic structures in Chinese is the Peircean category Firstness of Secondness/[12].We also show how this conditioning constraint imposes a semiotic and structural consistency across different levels of language,and how it helps to explain certain evolutionary characteristics of Chinese.

Semiotic Paradigms of Self and Person:The Perspectives Model of Communicology as the Logic Foundation of Human Science

Originally proposed by Timothy Leary, the perspective model of interpersonal communication analyzes semiotic comportment at three levels of exchange: Public Communication(Level I) where a person's overt verbal and nonverbal behavior is observed by both the Self and Other in a given situation; Conscious Descriptions(Level II) which are the perceived verbal contents of messages and codes exchanged by the Self and Other; Private Symbolization(Level III) which consists of projective, indirect, imaginative content of the Self and Other as attributed to both the Self and Other. As discussed by Wilden, the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan uses the simple terminology of the Real, the Imaginary, and the Symbolic to refer to the respective discourse levels. Subsequent communicologists have adopted the terminology of(1) Direct Perspective,(2) Meta-Perspective, and(3) Meta-Meta-Perspective. The perspectives model thus becomes an applied example of semiotic phenomenological method which progressively moves from(1) Description, to(2) Reduction, and to(3) Interpretation in the analysis and functional specification of human communication. These combinatory eidetic(verbal) and empirical(nonverbal) semiotic codes depict cultural preferences thereby defining the Self in theory and practice.

Semiotic Resourcefulness in Crisis Risk Communication: The Case of COVID-19 Posters

The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 presents a public health crisis on a global scale.Various measures have been taken to communicate crisis risks to the general public.These measures are meant to keep the public well informed,stay alert,and take precautionary measures to help curb the spread of the virus.The current study is part of an ongoing project aimed at exploring patterns of communication in the COVID-19 crisis discourse.Based on a collection of posters designed for public use during the outbreak,this paper analyses the richness of semiotic resources that combine to construct and convey the intended message of the posters.Drawing from scholarly insights into understanding the situatedness of meaning-making,the paper revisits some of the classical concerns about the relationship between text and image in semiotic artefacts and reveals the meaningmaking patterns in the semiotic designs of risk communication posters.The patterns are found to rest upon a host of textual and graphic features that contribute to the essential semiotic encoding of entity,condition,action,and sentiment.The findings are summarized by conceptualizing the assemblages of resources in the poster as a semiotic ensemble where the coordination and collaboration among semiotic resources can work to reduce potential ambiguities and amplify the communicative effect.

Photographic Illustrations in Chinese College English Textbooks: A Semiotic Analysis

In recent years, the curriculum of College English(CE) in China has seen a trend that veers away from pure language-oriented teaching toward an emphasis on the cultivation of students' cultural or intercultural competence. In this context, the CE textbooks have been highly responsiblized in the transformative agenda, and the use of photographic illustrations in the textbooks has been increasingly valued as a way to include culture carriers. Our study draws perspectives from communicative semiotics and visual semiotics to investigate the way in which photographic illustrations have been involved in the learning process in order to find out whether and how they promote students' cultural and intercultural acquisition. We focus on the semiosis process engendered by the photos as signs and their modes of representation, which largely determines the process and result of cultural acquisition. Our analysis demonstrates that while the photographic illustrations have been designed to enhance cultural learning in hypothetical situations, when placed in a real learning context together with the texts and learning tasks, some of the photos may not successfully promote the process of cultural acquisition, since learners' interpretation of the photos can be diverted or limited by other aspects of the learning context.

Translated Illustration and the Indigenization of Christianity in Late Qing Chinese Christian Novels

＂Intersemiotic translation＂ is categorized by Roman Jakobson as one of three types of translation. Translation of illustrations in the late Qing novels, either directly from verbal signs or visual signs, can also be regarded as a typical kind of ＂intersemiotic translation.＂ The present article studies illustrations in Chinese Christian literature in the late Qing period, especially those in the Chinese translations of John Bunyan＇s works, The Pilgrim＇s Progress and The Holy War. Questions to ponder are how inter-semiotic translation occurs between these illustrations--in either transferring or transplanting the meanings from one sign system to another--and how it establishes its legitimacy through religious negotiation, ideological conflict, and cultural integration. The illustrations in the Chinese translation versions of The Pilgrim ＂s Progress manifest the translators＇ and illustrators＇ manipulation of repertoires of Chinese religious signs, thereby indigenizing a foreign religion. These illustrations, nevertheless, are not only associated with Christianity, but also with the long-lasting visual signs of Chinese culture. Hence these translated illustrations could be considered as a type of ＂Translated Christianity.＂

Language and Semiotic Studies Call for Papers

Language and Semiotic Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal of international scope.Published by Soochow University Press,China,it is an authorized quarterly journal with an independent ISSN(2096-03IX)and CN(32-1859/H)granted by the State Administration of Press,Publication.