A great deal of ocean sensor observation data exists, for a wide range of marine disciplines, derived from in situ and remote observing platforms, in real-time, near-real-time and delayed mode. Ocean monitoring is rou...A great deal of ocean sensor observation data exists, for a wide range of marine disciplines, derived from in situ and remote observing platforms, in real-time, near-real-time and delayed mode. Ocean monitoring is routinely completed using sensors and instruments. Standardization is the key requirement for exchanging information about ocean sensors and sensor data and for comparing and combining information from different sensor networks. One or more sensors are often physically integrated into a single ocean ‘instrument' device, which often brings in many challenges related to diverse sensor data formats, parameters units, different spatiotemporal resolution, application domains, data quality and sensors protocols. To face these challenges requires the standardization efforts aiming at facilitating the so-called Sensor Web, which making it easy to provide public access to sensor data and metadata information. In this paper, a Marine Sensor Web, based on SOA and EDA and integrating the MBARI's PUCK protocol, IEEE 1451 and OGC SWE 2.0, is illustrated with a five-layer architecture. The Web Service layer and Event Process layer are illustrated in detail with an actual example. The demo study has demonstrated that a standard-based system can be built to access sensors and marine instruments distributed globally using common Web browsers for monitoring the environment and oceanic conditions besides marine sensor data on the Web, this framework of Marine Sensor Web can also play an important role in many other domains' information integration.展开更多
The Earth Observation(EO)Web is the data acquisition and processing network for digital Earth.The EO Web including Data Web and Sensor Web has become one of the most important aspects of the Digital Earth 2020.This pa...The Earth Observation(EO)Web is the data acquisition and processing network for digital Earth.The EO Web including Data Web and Sensor Web has become one of the most important aspects of the Digital Earth 2020.This paper summarised the history of the development and status quo of the major types of EO data web service systems,including architecture,service pattern and standards.The concepts,development and implementation of the EO Sensor Web were reviewed.Furthermore,we analysed the requirements on the architecture of the next-generation EO Sensor Web system,namely Space-borne-Airborne-Ground integrated Intelligent EO Sensor Web system,and highlighted the virtualization,intelligent,pervasive and active development tendency of such system.展开更多
Various sensors connected to the World Wide Web are used to obtain real-time hydrological observations.Thus,real-time management and utilization of such distributed in situ observations in the cyber-physical environme...Various sensors connected to the World Wide Web are used to obtain real-time hydrological observations.Thus,real-time management and utilization of such distributed in situ observations in the cyber-physical environment becomes possible.A Sensor Observation Service(SOS)chaining Web Feature Service(WFS)method is proposed to integrate geographical reference observation data collected by a hydrological Sensor Web into a virtual globe.This method hides the complexity of a series of information and service models in the Sensor Web realm to enable the integration of heterogeneous distributed hydrological data sources into a Spatial Data Infrastructure(SDI).The core components-a dynamic schema transformer and automatic information extractor-were designed and implemented.The SOS schema is matched to WFS schema that uses the schema transformer dynamically.The information extractor extracts and serves features automatically,conforming to standard SOS operations for observation retrieval and insertion.Feasibility experiments conducted on the Jinsha River tested this proposed method.Results show that the proposed approach allows the integration of SOS servers into legacy applications that have a higher degree of availability within many SDIs.However,this is accompanied with the drawback that only a limited part of the SOS functionality is available to clients.展开更多
This paper reviewed the developments of the last ten years in the field of international high-resolution earth observation, and introduced the developmental status and plans for China's high-resolution earth obser...This paper reviewed the developments of the last ten years in the field of international high-resolution earth observation, and introduced the developmental status and plans for China's high-resolution earth observation program. In addition, this paper expounded the transformation mechanism and procedure from earth observation data to geospatial information and geographical knowledge, and examined the key scientific and technological issues, including earth observation networks, high-precision image positioning, image understanding, automatic spatial information extraction, and focus services. These analyses provide a new impetus for pushing the application of China's high-resolution earth observation system from a "quantity" to "quality" change, from China to the world, from providing products to providing online service.展开更多
基金supported by the open fund project ‘Research of Information Service of Marine Sensor Web’ (Grant No.2011002)the project ‘Research on Channel-Characteristics-Oriented Data Transmission Algorithm in USNs’ of NSF of China (Grant No.61202403)the projects ‘Research of Making Regulation of Testing Technology of Device Interface’ and ‘Development and Application of Real-Time and Long-Term Observation Network Under Nearshore and Adjacent Marine Areas’ of Public science and Technology Research Funds Projects of Ocean(Grant No.201305033-6,No.201105030)
文摘A great deal of ocean sensor observation data exists, for a wide range of marine disciplines, derived from in situ and remote observing platforms, in real-time, near-real-time and delayed mode. Ocean monitoring is routinely completed using sensors and instruments. Standardization is the key requirement for exchanging information about ocean sensors and sensor data and for comparing and combining information from different sensor networks. One or more sensors are often physically integrated into a single ocean ‘instrument' device, which often brings in many challenges related to diverse sensor data formats, parameters units, different spatiotemporal resolution, application domains, data quality and sensors protocols. To face these challenges requires the standardization efforts aiming at facilitating the so-called Sensor Web, which making it easy to provide public access to sensor data and metadata information. In this paper, a Marine Sensor Web, based on SOA and EDA and integrating the MBARI's PUCK protocol, IEEE 1451 and OGC SWE 2.0, is illustrated with a five-layer architecture. The Web Service layer and Event Process layer are illustrated in detail with an actual example. The demo study has demonstrated that a standard-based system can be built to access sensors and marine instruments distributed globally using common Web browsers for monitoring the environment and oceanic conditions besides marine sensor data on the Web, this framework of Marine Sensor Web can also play an important role in many other domains' information integration.
基金This work has been supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)[grant number 2011CB707101]National High Technology Research and Develop-ment Program of China(863 Program)[grant number 2013AA01A608]+1 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant number 41171315]the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University[grant number NCET-11-0394].
文摘The Earth Observation(EO)Web is the data acquisition and processing network for digital Earth.The EO Web including Data Web and Sensor Web has become one of the most important aspects of the Digital Earth 2020.This paper summarised the history of the development and status quo of the major types of EO data web service systems,including architecture,service pattern and standards.The concepts,development and implementation of the EO Sensor Web were reviewed.Furthermore,we analysed the requirements on the architecture of the next-generation EO Sensor Web system,namely Space-borne-Airborne-Ground integrated Intelligent EO Sensor Web system,and highlighted the virtualization,intelligent,pervasive and active development tendency of such system.
基金This work has been supported in part by the National Basic Research Program of China(973 Program)under Grant 2011CB707101by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 41023001,41171315,and 41021061+1 种基金by the program for New Century Excellent Talents in University under Grant NCET-11-0394by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)under Grant 2012AA121401.
文摘Various sensors connected to the World Wide Web are used to obtain real-time hydrological observations.Thus,real-time management and utilization of such distributed in situ observations in the cyber-physical environment becomes possible.A Sensor Observation Service(SOS)chaining Web Feature Service(WFS)method is proposed to integrate geographical reference observation data collected by a hydrological Sensor Web into a virtual globe.This method hides the complexity of a series of information and service models in the Sensor Web realm to enable the integration of heterogeneous distributed hydrological data sources into a Spatial Data Infrastructure(SDI).The core components-a dynamic schema transformer and automatic information extractor-were designed and implemented.The SOS schema is matched to WFS schema that uses the schema transformer dynamically.The information extractor extracts and serves features automatically,conforming to standard SOS operations for observation retrieval and insertion.Feasibility experiments conducted on the Jinsha River tested this proposed method.Results show that the proposed approach allows the integration of SOS servers into legacy applications that have a higher degree of availability within many SDIs.However,this is accompanied with the drawback that only a limited part of the SOS functionality is available to clients.
基金supported by National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No. 2012CB719906)
文摘This paper reviewed the developments of the last ten years in the field of international high-resolution earth observation, and introduced the developmental status and plans for China's high-resolution earth observation program. In addition, this paper expounded the transformation mechanism and procedure from earth observation data to geospatial information and geographical knowledge, and examined the key scientific and technological issues, including earth observation networks, high-precision image positioning, image understanding, automatic spatial information extraction, and focus services. These analyses provide a new impetus for pushing the application of China's high-resolution earth observation system from a "quantity" to "quality" change, from China to the world, from providing products to providing online service.
