5S-rRNA基因间区序列变异用于金银花药材道地性研究初探

目的 研究金银花药材道地性形成的基因基础。方法 用 SDS法提取金银花 L onicera japonica不同居群、外类群细毡毛忍冬 L.similis和山银花 L.confusa的总 DNA,进行 5 S- r RNA基因间区的 PCR扩增和测序 ,并用软件 Mega进行分析。结果 L onicera L.属植物 5 S- r RNA基因间区约 2 10 bp,其中 G+C含量较高 ,达 70 %左右 ,不同居群的 L.japonica碱基序列有差别 ,通过测序可以进行鉴别。L.confusa与 L.japonica间的遗传距离较大。结论 种间 5 S- r RNA基因间区的序列差异大于种内 ;道地药材之间的遗传距离较小 ;道地与非道地药材之间的遗传距离大于道地药材之间的遗传距离。

Rapid Identification of Pathogenic Bacteria by means of TwoConservative Gene Loci′ Specific PCR-CE-RFLP

To establish a rapid identification method for common pathogenic bacteria on the basis of molecular biology and to construct a preliminary Polymerase Chain Reaction-Capillary Electrophoresis - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-CE-RFLP) database of bacteria isolated from clinical specimens frequently, 183 strains collected from clinical samples belonging to 12 genera and 19 species whose biochemical characterizations corresponded to the typical ones were examined. The genomic DNAs were amplified by two pairs of fluorescence labeled primers aiming at 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S rRNA spacer region gene respectively at the same time. PCR products were then digested by restriction endonuclease HaeⅢ incompletely before taking capillary electrophoresis. The results with the PCR-CE-RFLP patterns of 16S rRNA genes were just alike within some genera, but when it comes to 16S-23S rRNA spacer region genes, each bacterium showed a unique pattern, which can be distinguished from each other easily. It seems that PCR-CE-RFLP patterns of 16S rRNA gene could only be used to classify the bacteria into family level, whereas the data of 16S-23S rRNA spacer region gene could be utilized to identify the whole microorganisms as precisely as the species level. In spite of the data of the spacer region gene alone can be sufficiently to verify the whole bacteria, we insist that the 16S rRNA gene could be of some assistant in case that there should be lots of families of bacteria, in which some similar ones, with the same RFLP data of 16S-23S rRNA spacer region gene, may coexist. This study proves that the utility of PCR-CE-RFLP is a convenient, rapid method to identify pathogenic bacteria, and is also a quick diagnosis measure for application to clinical use.

Genetic Characterization of Four Strains Borrelia Burgdorferi Isolated in China

To study the genetic characterization of four strains of Borrelia burgdorferi isolated in China. PCR technique was used to amplify the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer DNA from the whole cellular DNA of isolated GXLD-4, 9, 18 and Chang 14, and then the amplified products were cloned into plasmid pGEM-T Easy and sequenced. It was found that the 5S-23S rRNA intergenic spacer DNA of the four isolates was 242?bp, revealing the nucleotide sequence identity of more than 99%. The four isolates had higher sequence identify with Borrelia valaisiana than with other genetic groups. These four isolates most likely belong to Borrelia valaisiana genomic group.

RETRACTED:Effect of Long-Term Inorganic Fertilization on Diversity and Abundance of Bacterial and Archaeal Communities at Tillage in Irrigated Rice Field

Short Retraction Notice The paper does not meet the standards of "Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology". This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused. Editor guiding this retraction: Prof. Abass Alavi (EiC of ABB). Please see the article page for more details. The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper which is marked "RETRACTED".

基于16SrRNA和16S-23SrRNA基因间隔区序列探讨陆生和水生螺原体菌株的系统发生关系

采集江苏省养殖池塘内发病的中华绒螯蟹、克氏原螯虾和南美白对虾,利用已有螺原体16S rRNA和23S rRNA基因序列保守引物扩增并测序16S rRNA和16S-23S rRNA基因间隔区序列(ISRs).基于已获得的序列和GenBank中下载的螺原体序列分别进行同源性比对,比对的结果分别利用PAUP软件和MrBayes软件提供的最大似然法和贝叶斯法进行系统发生关系分析.分析结果是:所有淡水甲壳动物螺原体菌株Spiroplasma erio-cheiris(中华绒螯蟹)、Spiroplasmasp.CRAYFISH(克氏原螯虾)、Spiroplasmasp.SHRIMP(南美白对虾)严格聚为一支,并且与陆生兔扁虱螺原体(非凡螺原体)Spiroplasma mirum关系最近,而与中国报道的陆生植物螺原体菌株Spiroplasmasp.CR-1(油菜)、Spiroplasmasp.CNR-1(油菜)、Spiroplasmasp.CNR-2(油菜)、Spiroplasmasp.CAN-1(杜鹃花)、Spiroplasmasp.CRW-1(红花酢浆草)及昆虫螺原体菌株Spiroplasmasp.CH-1(蜜蜂)、Spiroplas-masp.M10(蜜蜂)关系较远,此外,3个淡水甲壳动物螺原体菌株与现今唯一报道的海水南美白对虾螺原体Spi-roplasma penaei系统发生关系也很远.因此,在螺原体属中,我国发现的淡水甲壳动物螺原体近缘种是非凡螺原体而不是我国陆生昆虫或植物螺原体及美洲的南美白对虾螺原体.

Chemical and molecular characterization of Hong Dangshen,a unique medicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong

Aim To investigate the plant origin and the identity of the red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen, a unique medicinal material for diarrhea in Hong Kong. Methods The HPLC fingerprints and 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences of Hong Dangshen were obtained and compared with those of genuine species of Radix Codonopsis. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was analyzed and compared with that of Halloysitum fingerprints to the Codonopsis species and the highest similarity to Rubrum. Results Hong Dangshen showed very similar HPLC Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta in terms of 5S rRNA gene spacer sequences. The X-ray diffraction spectrum of the red substance was consistent with that of Halloysitum Rubrum. Conclusion The source plant of Hong Dangshen was suggested to be Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta, one of the genuine original plants of Radix Codonopsis （Dangshen） in the China Pharmacopoeia （2005 edition）. The red substance on the surface of Hong Dangshen was indicated to be Halloysitum Rubrum, a traditional medicinal mineral for chronic diarrhea. Our data suggest that Hong Dangshen is derived from the roots of Codonopsis pilosula var. modesta which has been processed with Halloysitum Rubrum, and the name is suggested to be Radix Codonopsis Praeparata Halloysita Rubra.

不同产地浙贝母的基因序列及生物碱含量比较

目的:探讨道地药材形成的基因基础。方法:以AS和AS-1为引物对4个不同产地浙贝母的5S-rRNA基因间区进行了PCR扩增和测序,并采用酸性染料比色法测定了它们的总生物碱含量及用柱前衍生化气相色谱法测定了其中2个单体生物碱的含量。结果:不同产地浙贝母的5S-rRNA基因间区具有相同的碱基序列,均为588bp;它们的总生物碱含量相当,气相色谱结果也表明,它们含有相同的单体生物碱,只是各单体生物碱的含量不同。结论:不同产地浙贝母的差异不是由碱基序列,而是由小环境因素引起的。

Assessing the relationship between the rumen microbiota and feed efficiency in Nellore steers

Background:Ruminants rely upon a complex community of microbes in their rumen to convert host-indigestible feed into nutrients.However,little is known about the association between the rumen microbiota and feed efficiency traits in Nellore(Bos indicus)cattle,a breed of major economic importance to the global beef market.Here,we compare the composition of the bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities in the rumen of Nellore steers with high and low feed efficiency(FE)phenotypes,as measured by residual feed intake(RFI).Results:The Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratio was significantly higher(P<0.05)in positive-RFI steers(p-RFI,low feed efficiency)than in negative-RFI(n-RFI,high feed efficiency)steers.The differences in bacterial composition from steers with high and low FE were mainly associated with members of the families Lachnospiraceae,Ruminococcaceae and Christensenellaceae,as well as the genus Prevotella.Archaeal community richness was lower(P<0.05)in p-RFI than in n-RFI steers and the genus Methanobrevibacter was either increased or exclusive of p-RFI steers.The fungal genus Buwchfawromyces was more abundant in the rumen solid fraction of n-RFI steers(P<0.05)and a highly abundant OTU belonging to the genus Piromyces was also increased in the rumen microbiota of highefficiency steers.However,analysis of rumen fermentation variables and functional predictions indicated similar metabolic outputs for the microbiota of distinct FE groups.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate that differences in the ruminal microbiota of high and low FE Nellore steers comprise specific taxa from the bacterial,archaeal and fungal communities.Biomarker OTUs belonging to the genus Piromyces were identified in animals showing high feed efficiency,whereas among archaea,Methanobrevibacter was associated with steers classified as p-RFI.The identification of specific RFI-associated microorganisms in Nellore steers could guide further studies targeting the isolation and functional characterization of rumen microbes potentially important for the energy-harvesting efficiency of ruminants.