A 5 Gb/s low power current-mode transmitter with pre-emphasis for serial links

A multi-standard compatible transmitter with pre-emphasis for high speed serial links is presented. Based on the comparison between voltage mode（VM） and current mode（CM） output driver architectures,a low power CM output driver with reverse scaling and bias current filtering technique is proposed.A 2-tap pre-emphasis filter is used to reduce the intersymbol interference caused by the low-pass channel,and a high speed,low power combined serializer is implemented to convert 10 bit parallel data into a serial data stream.The whole transmitter is fabricated in 65 nm 1.2 V/2.5 V CMOS technology.It provides an eye height greater than 800 mV for data rates of both 2.5 Gb/s and 5 Gb/s.The output root mean square jitter of the transmitter at 5 Gb/s is only 9.94 ps without pre-emphasis.The transmitter consumes 41.2 mA at 5 Gb/s and occupies only 240×140μm^2.

High-speed,fixed-latency serial links with Xilinx FPGAs

High-speed,fixed-latency serial links find application in distributed data acquisition and control systems,such as the timing trigger and control(TTC)system for high energy physics experiments.However,most high-speed serial transceivers do not keep the same chip latency after each power-up or reset,as there is no deterministic phase relationship between the transmitted and received clocks after each power-up.In this paper,we propose a fixed-latency serial link based on high-speed transceivers embedded in Xilinx field programmable gate arrays(FPGAs).First,we modify the configuration and clock distribution of the transceiver to eliminate the phase difference between the clock domains in the transmitter/receiver.Second,we use the internal alignment circuit of the transceiver and a digital clock manager(DCM)/phase-locked loop(PLL)based clock generator to eliminate the phase difference between the clock domains in the transmitter and receiver.The test results of the link latency are shown.Compared with existing solutions,our design not only implements fixed chip latency,but also reduces the average system lock time.

A 10 Gb/s receiver with half rate period calibration CDR and CTLE/DFE combiner

This paper presents the design of a 10 Gb/s low power wire-line receiver in the 65 nm CMOS process with 1 V supply voltage. The receiver occupies 300×500 μm2. With the novel half rate period calibration clock data recovery （CDR） circuit, the receiver consumes 52 mW power. The receiver can compensate a wide range of channel loss by combining the low power wideband programmable continuous time linear equalizer （CTLE） and decision feedback equalizer （DFE）.

A 5 Gb/s transceiver in 0.13μm CMOS for PCIE2.0

This paper presents a CML transceiver for a PCI-express generation 2 physical layer protocol that has been fabricated by SMIC＇s 0.13μm CMOS technology.The active area of the transceiver is 0.016 mm^2 and it consumes a total of 150 mW power at a 1.2 V supply voltage.The transmitter uses two stage pre-emphasis circuits with active inductors,reducing inter-symbol interference and extended bandwidth;the receiver uses a time-domain adaptive equalizer,the circuit uses an inductive peaking technique and extends the bandwidth,and the use of active inductors reduces the circuit area and power consumption effectively.The measurement results show that this circuit could stably transmit the signal at the data rate of 5 Gbps,the output signal swing of the transmitter is 350 mV with jitter of 14 ps,the eye opening of the receiver is 135 mV and the eye width is 0.56 UI.The circuit performance sufficiently meets the requirements of the PCI-Express 2.0 protocol.

A 10-20 Gb/s PAM2-4 transceiver in 65 nm CMOS

This paper presents the design of a 10 Gb/s PAM2, 20 Gb/s PAM4 high speed low power wire-line transceiver equalizer in a 65 nm CMOS process with 1 V supply voltage. The transmitter occupies 430 × 240 μm2 and consumes 50.56 mW power. With the programmable 5-order pre-emphasis equalizer, the transmitter can compensate for a wide range of channel loss and send a signal with adjustable voltage swing. The receiver equalizer occupies 146 × 186μm^2 and consumes 5.3 mW power.