We applied near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy with chemometrics for the rapid and reagent-fee analysis of serum urea nitrogen(SUN).The modeling is based on the average effect of multiple sample partitions to achieve param...We applied near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy with chemometrics for the rapid and reagent-fee analysis of serum urea nitrogen(SUN).The modeling is based on the average effect of multiple sample partitions to achieve parameter selection with stability.A multiparameter optimization platform with Norris derivative filter-partial least squares(Norris-PLS)was developed to select the most suitable mode(d=2,s=33,g=15).Using equidistant combination PLS(EC-PLS)with four parameters(initial wavelength I,number of wavelengths N,number of wavelength gaps G and latent variables LV),we performed wavelength screening after eliminating high-absorption wavebands.The optimal EC-PLS parameters were I=1228 nm,N=26,G=16 and LV=12.The root-mean square error(SEP),correlation coefficient(R_(p))for prediction and ratio of performance-to-deviation(RPD)for validation were 1.03 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.6,respectively.We proposed the wavelength step-by-step phase-out PLS(WSP-PLS)to remove redun-dant wavelengths in the top 100 EC-PLS models with improved prediction performance.The combination of 19 wavelengths was identifed as the optimal model for SUN.The SEP,Rp and RPD in validation were 1.01 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.7,respectively.The prediction effect and wavelength complexity were better than those of EC-PIS.Our results showed that NIR spectroscopy combined with the EC-PLS and WSP-PLS methods enabled the high-precision analysis ofSUN.WSP-PLS is a secondary optimization method that can further optimize any wavelength moc odel obtained through other continuous or discrete strategies to establish a simple and better model.展开更多
Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was applied to the rapid and reagent-free analysis of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). The mul-partitions modeling was performed to achieve parameter stabi...Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was applied to the rapid and reagent-free analysis of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). The mul-partitions modeling was performed to achieve parameter stability. A large-scale parameter cyclic and global optimization platform for Norris derivative filter (NDF) of three parameters (the derivative order: d, the number of smoothing points: s and the number of differential gaps: g) was developed with PLS regression. Meantime, the parameters’ adaptive analysis of NDF algorithm was also given, and achieved a significantly better modeling effect than one without spectral pre-processing. After eliminating the interference wavebands of saturated absorption, the modeling performance was further improved. In validation, the root mean square error (SEP), correlation coefficient (RP) for prediction and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were 1.66 mmol?L-1, 0.966 and 4.7, respectively. The results showed that the high-precision analysis of SUN was feasibility based on NIR spectroscopy and Norris-PLS. The global optimization method of NDF is also expected to be applied to other analysis objects.展开更多
Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athle...Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.展开更多
Urea denatures proteins at different concentrations, depending on the experimental conditions and the protein. We in-vestigated the pressure-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of subden...Urea denatures proteins at different concentrations, depending on the experimental conditions and the protein. We in-vestigated the pressure-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of subdenaturing concen-trations of urea based on a two-state equilibrium. Pressure-induced denaturation was enhanced at urea concentrations ([U]) of 3.5 M to 8.0 M, with the free energy of denaturation at atmospheric pressure ranging from +5.0 to –2.5 kJ/mol of BSA. The m values appeared to be biphasic, with m1 and m2 of 0.92 and 2.35 kJ mol–1?M–1, respectively. Plots of versus ln[U] yielded values of u, the apparent stoichiometric coefficient, of 1.68 and 6.67 mol of urea/mol of BSA for m1 and m2, respectively. These values were compared with the m and u values of other monomeric proteins reported in or calculated from the literature. The very low values of u systematically observed for proteins were suggestive of heterogeneity in the free energy of denaturation. Thus, a u value of 140 mol of urea/mol of BSA may indicate the existence of a heterogeneous molecular population with respect to the free energy of dena-turation.展开更多
In order to investigate the feasibility of serum creatine kinase （CK） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） in monitoring pre-competition training of badminton athletes, the pre-competition training load of 20 badminton a...In order to investigate the feasibility of serum creatine kinase （CK） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） in monitoring pre-competition training of badminton athletes, the pre-competition training load of 20 badminton athletes was studied, and serum CK and BUN were determined before, immediate and next morning after training. The results showed that after intensive training for one week, serum CK levels were significantly increased by 57.53 mmol/L （P〈0.05）. After regulation of the training intensity, average serum CK levels were increased by 21.79 mmol/L （P〈0.05）. BUN contents were increased by 0.83 mmol/L on average with the difference being not significant （P〉0.05）. After intermittent training, there was significant difference in the average increased levels of serum CK in athletes （P〈0.05）. There was significant difference before and after regulation of training （P〈0.05）. The increased levels of BUN were 0.78 mmol/L without significant difference （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that serum CK was one of the biochemical indicators monitoring the training load sensitivity of badminton athletes, but BUN was of little value in monitoring the training load. Both serum CK and BUN recovered slowly after one-week intensive training and intermittent training, suggesting the metabolic mechanism of human body in training needs further study.展开更多
目的:急性肾损伤是临床常见危重症之一,存活患者的肾脏远期预后不容乐观。文章系统评价细胞外囊泡对急性肾损伤动物模型的有效性,希望为临床试验提供启发。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、万方、维普、中...目的:急性肾损伤是临床常见危重症之一,存活患者的肾脏远期预后不容乐观。文章系统评价细胞外囊泡对急性肾损伤动物模型的有效性,希望为临床试验提供启发。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、万方、维普、中国知网和中国生物医学文献数据库中有关细胞外囊泡治疗急性肾损伤临床前研究的相关文章,检索时间为各数据库建立至2022-08-01,由2名研究人员独立提取数据,对文献采用SYRCLE动物实验偏倚风险评估表进行质量评价。采用RevMan 5.4和Stata 14.0软件对血肌酐、尿素氮、肿瘤坏死因子α、肾小管管状坏死与肾小管管型等结局指标进行Meta分析。结果:(1)共纳入19篇随机对照动物实验,包括399只啮齿动物,其中细胞外囊泡治疗组啮齿动物169只,对照组啮齿动物168只,干细胞治疗组啮齿动物62只。(2)Meta分析结果显示:与动物模型对照组相比,细胞外囊泡组血肌酐水平(SMD=-5.41,95%CI:-6.95至-3.88,P<0.001)、尿素氮水平(SMD=-4.57,95%CI:-5.94至-3.20,P<0.001)、肿瘤坏死因子α水平(SMD=-2.15,95%CI:-2.63至-1.68,P<0.001)明显降低,肾小管管状坏死(SMD=-6.15,95%CI:-9.66至-2.64,P=0.001)与肾小管管型(SMD=-3.33,95%CI:-4.17至-2.49,P=0.001)明显减少;细胞外囊泡组与间充质干细胞治疗组在改善血肌酐(SMD=-1.23,95%CI:-2.80-0.35,P=0.127)及尿素氮(SMD=-0.34,95%CI:-2.19-1.50,P=0.715)水平方面无显著差异。结论:细胞外囊泡有助于改善急性肾损伤动物模型的血肌酐和尿素氮水平,可显著降低肿瘤坏死因子α水平,并且减少肾小管管状坏死与肾小管管型,这些基础研究证据为下一步开展临床试验提供重要参考。展开更多
基金supported by the Science and Technology Project of Guangdong Province of China(Nos.2014A020213016,2014A020212445)the University-enterprise Joint Research Project"Intelligent detection network technology joint research centre"(No.40115031).
文摘We applied near-infrared(NIR)spectroscopy with chemometrics for the rapid and reagent-fee analysis of serum urea nitrogen(SUN).The modeling is based on the average effect of multiple sample partitions to achieve parameter selection with stability.A multiparameter optimization platform with Norris derivative filter-partial least squares(Norris-PLS)was developed to select the most suitable mode(d=2,s=33,g=15).Using equidistant combination PLS(EC-PLS)with four parameters(initial wavelength I,number of wavelengths N,number of wavelength gaps G and latent variables LV),we performed wavelength screening after eliminating high-absorption wavebands.The optimal EC-PLS parameters were I=1228 nm,N=26,G=16 and LV=12.The root-mean square error(SEP),correlation coefficient(R_(p))for prediction and ratio of performance-to-deviation(RPD)for validation were 1.03 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.6,respectively.We proposed the wavelength step-by-step phase-out PLS(WSP-PLS)to remove redun-dant wavelengths in the top 100 EC-PLS models with improved prediction performance.The combination of 19 wavelengths was identifed as the optimal model for SUN.The SEP,Rp and RPD in validation were 1.01 mmol L^(-1),0.992 and 7.7,respectively.The prediction effect and wavelength complexity were better than those of EC-PIS.Our results showed that NIR spectroscopy combined with the EC-PLS and WSP-PLS methods enabled the high-precision analysis ofSUN.WSP-PLS is a secondary optimization method that can further optimize any wavelength moc odel obtained through other continuous or discrete strategies to establish a simple and better model.
文摘Near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with chemometrics methods was applied to the rapid and reagent-free analysis of serum urea nitrogen (SUN). The mul-partitions modeling was performed to achieve parameter stability. A large-scale parameter cyclic and global optimization platform for Norris derivative filter (NDF) of three parameters (the derivative order: d, the number of smoothing points: s and the number of differential gaps: g) was developed with PLS regression. Meantime, the parameters’ adaptive analysis of NDF algorithm was also given, and achieved a significantly better modeling effect than one without spectral pre-processing. After eliminating the interference wavebands of saturated absorption, the modeling performance was further improved. In validation, the root mean square error (SEP), correlation coefficient (RP) for prediction and the ratio of performance to deviation (RPD) were 1.66 mmol?L-1, 0.966 and 4.7, respectively. The results showed that the high-precision analysis of SUN was feasibility based on NIR spectroscopy and Norris-PLS. The global optimization method of NDF is also expected to be applied to other analysis objects.
文摘Summary： The effects of oligosaccharide and creatine （Cr） supplementation on glucose, lactic acid and urea nitrogen levels in blood and activity of serum creatine kinase （CK） were explored. Twenty CUBA male athletes were divided into 4 groups： group A （supplementation of Cr alone）, group B （supplementation of oligosaccharide）, group C （supplementation of oligosaccharide and Cr） and group D （placebo control group）. By using orthogonal L4 table （2a ）, the experiment was performed. There were factors including oligosaccharide （carbohydrate, CHO）, Cr and their correlation. Each factor had two levels： supplementation and no-supplementation. The results showed that the supplementation of CliO or Cr alone, combined supplementation of CHO and Cr could significantly reduce the glucose, urea nitrogen levels in blood and serum CK activity after competition in the athletes. Moreover, the effects of combined supplementation of CHO and Cr were more satisfactory. It was concluded that supplementation of CliO and Cr could promote the recovery of physical performance and athletic abilities after athletics in basketball athletes.
文摘Urea denatures proteins at different concentrations, depending on the experimental conditions and the protein. We in-vestigated the pressure-induced denaturation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in the presence of subdenaturing concen-trations of urea based on a two-state equilibrium. Pressure-induced denaturation was enhanced at urea concentrations ([U]) of 3.5 M to 8.0 M, with the free energy of denaturation at atmospheric pressure ranging from +5.0 to –2.5 kJ/mol of BSA. The m values appeared to be biphasic, with m1 and m2 of 0.92 and 2.35 kJ mol–1?M–1, respectively. Plots of versus ln[U] yielded values of u, the apparent stoichiometric coefficient, of 1.68 and 6.67 mol of urea/mol of BSA for m1 and m2, respectively. These values were compared with the m and u values of other monomeric proteins reported in or calculated from the literature. The very low values of u systematically observed for proteins were suggestive of heterogeneity in the free energy of denaturation. Thus, a u value of 140 mol of urea/mol of BSA may indicate the existence of a heterogeneous molecular population with respect to the free energy of dena-turation.
文摘In order to investigate the feasibility of serum creatine kinase （CK） and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） in monitoring pre-competition training of badminton athletes, the pre-competition training load of 20 badminton athletes was studied, and serum CK and BUN were determined before, immediate and next morning after training. The results showed that after intensive training for one week, serum CK levels were significantly increased by 57.53 mmol/L （P〈0.05）. After regulation of the training intensity, average serum CK levels were increased by 21.79 mmol/L （P〈0.05）. BUN contents were increased by 0.83 mmol/L on average with the difference being not significant （P〉0.05）. After intermittent training, there was significant difference in the average increased levels of serum CK in athletes （P〈0.05）. There was significant difference before and after regulation of training （P〈0.05）. The increased levels of BUN were 0.78 mmol/L without significant difference （P〉0.05）. It was concluded that serum CK was one of the biochemical indicators monitoring the training load sensitivity of badminton athletes, but BUN was of little value in monitoring the training load. Both serum CK and BUN recovered slowly after one-week intensive training and intermittent training, suggesting the metabolic mechanism of human body in training needs further study.
