New Year,New Insights:Interpreting the Cultural Nuances of Nowruz and Seollal for Iranian Students Learning Korean

With proper education,students would be better equipped for life in a more diverse and globally integrated world.To foster intercultural conversation and global citizenship among students,various cultural practices should be brought to their attention,and they should be encouraged to develop respect for these traditions.This study compares the cultural significance,rites,and customs,traditional meals,social interactions,and symbolism of the Iranian New Year(Nowruz;نوروز)with those of the Korean New Year(Seollal;설날)to determine whether or not Iranian students could benefit from learning Korean in terms of language acquisition,cultural understanding,and celebratory behavior.The findings shed light on the importance of instituting policies that foster intercultural conversation and including cross-cultural studies in educational programs.Some recommendations include increasing access to multicultural education,teaching languages,sponsoring international and intercultural activities,developing an appreciation of diverse cultures,and educating instructors.

Validity and reliability of the evaluation tool of TCM confidence in students with TCM learning experience

Objective:This study aimed to design an evaluation scale of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)confidence and then evaluate its validity and reliability.Methods:Three parallel samples with TCM learning experience were included in this current study.Randomly selected 500 nursing students were included factor analysis and reliability and validity analyses.After 4 weeks,200 nursing students were recruited to retest the reliability.The evaluation tool of TCM confidence included 6 dimensions and 25 entries.Results:Cronbach's a coefficient of the evaluation scale was 0.95 and that of the 6 observed aspects were higher than 0.90,and splithalf reliability was 0.81.For the retest reliability,Cronbach's a coefficient of the evaluation scale was 0.93 and that of the 6 examined aspects was all over 0.80.The index of content validity Scale Content Validity Index(S-CVI)was 0.92 and Item Content Validity Index(I-CVI)was 0.83–1.00.Conclusions:Observed results may indicate that the designed tool can be used to assess the TCM confidence level of students with TCM studied experience and also can evaluate results of TCM education during studying TCM lectures.

The prevalence of vision impairment and refractive error in 3654 first year students at Tianjin Medical University

AIM：To determine the prevalence of vision impairment（VI）and refractive error in first year university students at the Tianjin Medical University.METHODS：This is a cross-sectional observational cohort study of VI and refractive error among first year university students at the Tianjin Medical University.The first year university students were involved in this study and were given a detailed questionnaire including age,birth date,and spectacle wearing history.A standardized ophthalmologic examination including visual acuity（VA）,slit-lamp examination,non-cycloplegic auto-refraction,objective refraction,fundus photography,and examination of their spectacles were recorded.RESULTS：A total of 3654 participants were included in this study.Totally 3436（94.03%） individuals had VI in this population.Totally 150（4.10%） individuals had VI due to ocular disease,including amblyopia,congenital cataract,retinal atrophy or degeneration,strabismus,congenital nystagmus,refractive surgery orthokeratology.Totally 3286（89.93%） subjects had VI due to refractive error.Only 218（5.97%） students were emmetropia.Moreover,refractive error was the main cause for the VI（95.63%）.Totally 3242（92.52%） students were myopia and the prevalence of mild,moderate,and high myopia subgroup was 27.05%,44.35%,and 21.26% respectively.Totally 44（1.29%） subjects were hyperopic.The rates of uncorrected visual acuity（UCVA）,presenting visual acuity（PVA）and best corrected visual acuity（BCVA）which better than 20/20 in both eyes were 5.65%,22.32% and 82.13% respectively.The rates of correction,under correction and well correction in myopia subjects were 82.73%,84.39% and 15.61%,respectively. CONCLUSION：We present a high prevalence of refractive errors and high rates of under correction refractive error among first year university students.These results may help to promote vision protection work in young adults.

The "five senses of success" in nursing students: Assessing first-year support engagement

Objectives: This study aimed to identify School and University support services available and accessed by nursing students transitioning into a university environment as many struggle to adjust to competing demands of personal commitments and expectations at university.Methods: A mixed methods design was used,based on activity theory and Lizzio's Five Senses of Success frameworks as exploratory guides.This study was conducted amongst the first year cohort at one campus of the Bachelor of Nursing (BN) program in Queensland,Australia.An initial baseline assessment of what University and School-based support services were on offer for students,and how the students interacted with the support services was conducted.This was followed by a survey to identify awareness and access to support services.Focus groups were then conducted to clarify the previous results and to determine engagement with these support services.Results: A randomly selected number of students (n =150) in the first-year 2014 cohort of the BN program (n =300) were included in this study.The survey was completed by 54 students and three semistructured focus groups were conducted.The analysis indicated that the support services in place were successful in reaching the majority of students and contributed to their sense of success at university,Specifically students identified that a whole cohort approach to support enhanced their transition to university.Conclusion: Identifying lesser known services early in the first year will ensure that students are supported and encouraged to use all services,contributing to their sense of success at university.

The Impact of Family Relationships on the Smoking Habits of University Students

Smoking habits are thought to be strongly impacted by family relationships. In this study, we looked specifically at family relationships with the aim of finding effective anti-smoking education measures. We surveyed 290 university students in order to establish their current smoking habits, along with their family relationships from primary and junior high school until now. The results showed that students with one or more smokers in their family were clearly more likely to smoke. Furthermore, a poor relationship between the student’s parents and a poor relationship with his/her father are believed to have a causal relationship with the student smoking. In the section in which students were asked how often they were told to study, we found that students who smoked had been instructed to study a significantly higher number of times. It is believed that the stress experienced by students frequently told that they must study during their elementary or junior high school years leads to a tendency to smoke. Among the group of non-smokers, we found many who ate breakfast with their parents during elementary or junior high school, along with many who regularly went on holidays with their families. The lack of these things appears to distance parents from children and may be a factor regarding why children end up smoking. In this study, while no clear correlation was found between family relationships and smoking, several types of family relationships that may lead to smoking were suggested.

Study on Empathy among Undergraduate Students of the Medical Profession in Nepal

Background: The incumbent of medical professional is expected to be socially responsible and emotionally empathetic along with good communication propensity to fasten the doctor-patient relationship. Whilst doctor’s proficiency to recognize a patient’s perspectives, and convey such an understanding back to the patient;in our case, the empathy and compassion level of promising medical professional is unknown in Nepal. Thus, this study aimed to analyze the compassion and empathy score of final year’s undergraduate students of four medical colleges in Nepal. Methods: Self-reported empathy measures were obtained using the Jefferson Scale of Physician-Student version. Results: The degree of empathy for the participants was 97.28 (SD = 14.44) with a median score of 96.00 and a range of 44 (min) to 133 (max). There was a significant difference on scores of the Jefferson scale of physician empathy between NMC Nepalgunj and BPKIHS (p = 0.00) and between NMC Nepalgunj and Manipal Pokhara (p = 0.00), as well as between UCMS and Manipal Pokhara (p = 0.044). These results were significant at the 95% confidence interval. Conclusions: The mean empathy score for the Nepali students is lower than medical students from developed countries but almost similar to medical students from other Asian medical students. The female Nepali medical students scored slightly higher than their male counterparts. Thus colleges have to develop academic programs to improve empathy and compassion among medical students through providing adequate time to consult with patient and faculties.

The Omani Technical Students’Knowledge of English for Specific Purposes(ESP)Lexis and Their Attitudes Towards Learning ESP

In Oman,research on ESP has been attracting a great deal of attention in English language education over the past decade.Nevertheless,little attention has been paid to discover the relationship between the technical students’knowledge of the ESP lexis and their attitudes towards learning ESP in the Omani technical context.Therefore,this research study was conducted to do so and to explore whether the Omani technical students’knowledge of ESP lexis is predictable and is affected by a combination of their attitudes to learning ESP,their gender,and their age.Forty-eight questionnaires were distributed among participants(24 males and 24 females)aged between 24 and 27 years old.The study confirmed the positive relation between people’s knowledge and their feelings;several recommendations were proposed.In addition,the study showed that technical students’attitude towards learning ESP is an issue that must be resolved as it negatively affects improving the students’knowledge of ESP lexes.

基于CLIL理论的中医院校留学生教育双语师资发展体系构建探索

双语师资短缺已成为制约高等中医院校留学生教育的瓶颈问题。基于内容与语言融合式教学(Content and language integrated learning,CLIL),构建包括培训目标、课程内容模块、教材和教师、教学方法与考核方式的中医留学教育双语师资发展体系,旨在提高参训老师的中医药学科知识、英语语言技能和中医英语教学能力。

高职护生中医思维培养的再思考

在奋进新征程、建功新时代的背景下,在国家高度重视人民高度信赖的基础上,如何对高职护生开展中医药教育,培养其中医思维能力。文章从中医适宜技术、中西医思维差异和中医学发展情况等方面进行阐述。

五年制高职学生语文读写能力提升策略研究

读写能力是语文核心素养的重要内容。对当前五年制高职学生语文读写能力的现状和教学方面存在的问题进行了深入探索,并提出针对性的策略和建议,包括在阅读教学中优化教学内容和方法、在写作训练中强调实践性和层次性、在读写结合教学中强化教师的意识等。旨在全面提升高职学生的语文读写能力,使高职教育在培养应用型人才方面发挥更大的作用,更好地服务于社会和经济的发展需求。

“三全育人”背景下教师教学模式创新的探索与实践——以中医基础理论为例

围绕“三全育人”背景下中医学人才培养目标,全面分析中医基础理论本科教学培养现状,总结出当前存在教学主体不明、育人旗帜不显、理论性与临床性脱节、教学资源有限、教师思维壁垒等问题。针对性提出了“一个主体、两个信念、三大重视、四个融合、五个强化”的中医基础理论创新教学模式。并在此基础上,围绕强基础、重传承,强能力、重创新,强信心、重文化3个主题进一步将“三全育人”理念走深走实。

首席教师负责制在八年制医学生感染病学教学改革中的探索和实践

目的:探讨首席教师负责制在八年制医学生感染病学教学改革中的探索和实践效果。方法:在2008-2011级临床医学八年制学生的感染病学临床教学及早期见习中实施。结果:试验组的学习兴趣和各方面学习综合能力均有所提高。结论:首席教师负责制可增强学生的学习积极性,提高学生对医学知识的掌握程度,在今后的教学过程中值得推广。

1097例大学生中医体质的潜在类别及其对自我效能感与抑郁焦虑关系的调节作用

【目的】分析大学生中医体质的潜在类别,探讨中医体质潜在类别对自我效能感与抑郁和焦虑症状关系的调节作用。【方法】采用30条目中医体质量表、一般自我效能感量表、凯斯勒心理困扰量表对广东省内2所高校的大学生开展调查,获得有效样本1 097例;采用相关分析、潜在剖面分析、层次回归分析等方法进行统计分析。【结果】(1)大学生中医体质可分为4个潜在类别:一般平和型(32.0%)、高度平和型(17.4%)、一般偏颇型(36.9%)和高度偏颇型(13.7%),且不同类别人群在中医体质各亚量表上的得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。(2)层次回归分析显示,自我效能感负向预测抑郁和焦虑症状(β=-0.268、-0.161,P<0.001);以一般平和型为参照,一般偏颇型和高度偏颇型正向预测抑郁和焦虑症状,高度平和型负向预测抑郁和焦虑症状(均P<0.001)。(3)中医体质潜在类别在自我效能感与抑郁、焦虑症状间起调节作用:中医体质为一般偏颇型、高度偏颇型和一般平和型时,抑郁和焦虑症状随自我效能感的增高而减轻(均P<0.01);中医体质为高度平和型时,抑郁(β=0.005,P=0.907)和焦虑(β=0.007,P=0.878)症状不随自我效能感的增高而变化。【结论】大学生中医体质存在明显的群体异质性,应结合各类中医体质人群的特点,通过增强自我效能感和体质调理来促进大学生的心理健康。

上海市浦东新区九年义务教育学生睡眠质量及影响因素研究

目的了解上海市浦东新区九年义务教育学生的日常生活行为习惯、心理健康状况等对睡眠质量的影响,为改善学生的睡眠质量提供科学依据。方法使用多阶段分层抽样方法于2022年向1568名九年义务教育学生发放网络问卷二维码及链接进行问卷调查。学生心理健康与睡眠状况分别使用世界卫生组织五项身心健康指标和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)进行评价。结果浦东新区九年义务教育学生睡眠质量不佳(PSQI总分>5分)的检出率为18.4%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,存在心理健康问题、上床休息时间晚于22时、每天使用电子产品≥30 min、每周早餐≤6天是睡眠质量的不利因素。结论较高学段、心理健康存在问题、上床休息时间晚于22时、卧床时间不足、过多使用电子产品、食用零食、碳酸饮料和夜宵等组别的学生更易出现睡眠质量不佳的问题。

师生合作评价方法在八年制临床医学专业学生骨科学技能教学中的应用

目的 初步探讨师生合作评价(teacher-student collaborative assessment, TSCA)方法在八年制临床医学专业学生骨科学技能教学中的应用效果。方法 采取整群抽样方法,选取2021年1月1日至2022年5月31日在中南大学湘雅三医院进行骨科学技能见习的2016级和2017级八年制临床医学专业五年级56名学生为研究对象。采用随机数字表法,将56名学生设为试验组和对照组,每组均为28名学生。试验组学生采用TSCA方法,对照组学生采用传统评价方法。教学结束后,通过骨科学理论考核、技能考核和骨科学技能教学满意度问卷调查,比较2种评价方法的应用效果。结果 试验组学生的随堂骨科学理论考核成绩[(34.11±2.01)分]与对照组学生[(34.25±1.86)分]相比,其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组学生随堂骨科学技能考核成绩[(54.00±2.19)分]和期末骨科学技能考核成绩[(92.35±2.34)分]均高于对照组学生[(48.32±4.34)分和(88.32±3.04)分],其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.001)。骨科学技能教学满意度问卷调查结果显示,试验组学生在学习兴趣、学习效率、自学能力、临床思维能力、理论联系实际能力、团队合作能力、语言沟通能力、综合满意度和教学设计合理性等9个方面的评分均高于对照组学生,其差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.001);两组学生思政教育评分比较,其差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 TSCA方法有助于提高八年制临床医学专业学生骨科学技能教学效果和教学满意度,提高了骨科学技能教学质量,值得进一步推广应用。

国际学生中医药文化接触对其中医导向行为的影响研究

探索北京中医药大学及周边五所高校国际学生中医药文化接触对其中医药文化体验、学习、传播等中医导向行为的影响及其作用机制。通过构建“文化接近性-中医药文化接触-中医药文化认同-中医导向行为”理论框架,借助问卷星由微信、Facebook向北京六所高校留学生及北京中医药大学国际短期培训学员发放英文在线调查问卷,采用SPSS 25.0软件对数据进行处理并进行信效度、相关性、线性回归以及中介效应分析。共收到问卷185份,其中181份有效。结果表明,在京国际学生文化接近性、中医药文化认同、中医导向行为较高(x>3),但中医药文化接触较少(x=2.97);中医药文化接触能正向预测中医药文化认同、促进中医导向行为;中医药文化接触能通过中医药文化认同的中介作用促进中医导向行为;国际学生母语国文化越接近中国,其中医药文化接触越多、中医药文化认同度越高。因此,借助文化接近性,促进国际学生中医药文化体验及学习,提升国际学生中医药文化认同,有助于激发其中医导向行为。

五年制卫生高职学生医院感染防控认知调查及对策研究

目的 对江苏省南通卫生高等职业技术学校学生进行医院感染防控认知调查,制定针对性干预措施。方法 2022年10—11月随机对江苏省南通卫生高等职业技术学校365名学生进行问卷调查并作统计学分析,问卷分为基本信息、院感防控认知题目和认知态度、院感防控知识获取渠道和课程设置建议3部分。结果 实习生院感防控知识得分为(31.67±13.71)分,已就业学生院感防控知识得分为(33.45±13.30)分,优于在校生的(26.34±12.88)分。不同学习阶段的学生对院感防控知识掌握情况差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。护理专业院感防控知识得分为(34.37±12.67)分,康复治疗技术专业院感防控知识得分为(37.35±13.04)分,优于药学专业的(24.19±11.45)分和中药学专业的(26.58±10.34)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。医学检验技术专业院感防控知识得分为(32.41±13.37)分,助产专业院感防控知识得分为(34.13±14.89)分,优于药学专业(24.19±11.45)分,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。不同专业学生对院感防控知识掌握情况差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。被调查学生对医院感染防控工作重要性的认知态度赋值为(4.87±0.57)分,高于中立态度(3分),差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。学生通过学校课程教学(23.6%)、医院培训(21.6%)、带教老师教学(21.3%)等渠道获取院感防控知识最多。不同学习阶段学生院感防控知识获取渠道差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);不同专业学生院感防控知识获取渠道差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 临床实践经历有助于提高学生院感防控知识,学校可以创新专业人才培养模式,增加学生临床实践机会。院校合作,开展“全员、全程、全面”院感防控教育,从而降低医疗机构医院感染发生率,杜绝医院感染暴发事件的发生。

基于体力活动、久坐预测不同海拔7∼12岁学生肥胖的风险切点

目的:为探究不同海拔7∼12岁学生体力活动、久坐行为与肥胖的关联性,预测肥胖的体力活动、久坐时间风险切点。方法:以世居平原及世居高原各720名7∼12岁学生为研究对象,通过形态学测试及体力活动测评,确定不同海拔7∼12岁学生肥胖风险的体力活动、久坐时间切点值。结果:随年龄增长,不同海拔7∼12岁学生BMI水平呈上升趋势、WHR水平呈下降趋势;高海拔学生检出率为10.00%、低海拔为12.36%,海拔间检出率存在显著差异(χ^(2)=8.167,P<0.05)。随年龄增长,各组男、女生体力活动相关指标及ST均呈上升趋势;低海拔地区7∼12岁学生LPA、MPA、VPA、MVPA及TPA水平均显著高于高海拔地区(P<0.05),ST水平显著低于高海拔地区(P<0.05)。随BMI上升,体力活动指标均呈先增长后下降的趋势,ST水平呈先下降后增长的趋势;高海拔、低海拔男女生LPA、MPA、VPA、MVPA、TPA水平及ST水平均与BMI存在关联性(P<0.05);高海拔、低海拔7∼12岁学生MPA、MVPA、ST水平与BMI存在显著关联。各组男、女生MVPA及ST预测肥胖的切点值分别为97.42 min^(-1)、735.46 min^(-1)、88.59 min^(-1)、771.30 min^(-1)、115.34 min^(-1)、691.92 min^(-1)、92.71 min^(-1)、720.45min^(-1)。结论:体力活动、久坐时间指标与不同海拔7∼12岁学生肥胖发生率存在显著关联,高原7∼12岁男、女生久坐时间切点值高于同龄平原学生,平原7∼12岁男、女生MVPA切点值高于同龄高原学生。

五年制高职大数据与会计专业学生工匠精神培育实践研究

时代需要工匠精神,五年制高职大数据与会计专业在产业转型升级、科技进步发展的环境下,更需要新时代工匠精神,从个人、社会、国家三个层面将符合社会主义核心价值观的职业精神内化于心,培养学生“诚实守信、专业专注、精益求精和追求卓越”的职业品质,“公正客观、遵纪守法”的职业态度和“国家富强”的职业追求。该文以立德树人为根本任务,基于五年制高职大数据与会计专业学生工匠精神培育的主要现实问题,从教学优化、校园文化营造、校企合作、家校合作4个途径实践五年制高职大数据与会计专业学生工匠精神的培育,以实现大有作为高素质技术人才培养的目标。