Analysis of the Effect of Non-Invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Emergency Treatment of Severe Bronchial Asthma with Respiratory Failure

Objective:This study aims to evaluate the clinical efficacy of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV)in patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure.Methods:90 patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure between September 2022 and December 2023 were selected for the study and randomly divided into the experimental group(NIPPV-assisted treatment)and the control group.The differences between the two groups were compared in terms of total effective rate of treatment,days of clinical symptom disappearance,days of hospitalization,lung function indexes,incidence of adverse reactions,and quality of life.Results:Patients in the experimental group had a significantly higher total effective rate of treatment(97.78%)than the control group(75.56%).In terms of pulmonary function indexes,patients in the experimental group showed significant improvement after treatment,especially the increase in forced expiratory volume and forced vital capacity,while these improvements were not as obvious in the control group.In addition,the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group,suggesting that the application of NIPPV is relatively safe.Quality of life assessment also showed that patients in the experimental group had significantly better quality of life than the control group after treatment.Conclusion:This study demonstrated the effectiveness of NIPPV as an adjunctive treatment for severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure.NIPPV can improve lung function,reduce the incidence of adverse effects,increase the overall effectiveness of the treatment,and contribute to the improvement of patients'quality of life.Therefore,NIPPV should be regarded as an effective and safe treatment in clinical management,especially in patients with severe bronchial asthma combined with respiratory failure,where its application has potential clinical significance.

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Targeted Nursing in Children with Severe Viral Encephalitis Complicated with Respiratory Failure

Objective:To explore and analyze the effectiveness of targeted nursing in children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure.Methods:From April 2021 to April 2023,74 children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure admitted to the Department of Pediatrics of our hospital were selected as the research objects and divided into the target group(n=37)and the reference group(n=37).Targeted nursing was given to the target group,while general nursing was given to the reference group.Physical rehabilitation,motor scores,and lung function were compared between the groups.Results:The recovery time of limb abnormalities,convulsions,abnormal consciousness,and cranial nerve disorders in the target group was significantly better than that in the reference group(P<0.05).The motor function,joint activity and pain,sensory function,and total score of the target group were significantly lower than those of the reference group(P<0.05).After the intervention,lung function indicators including VC(vital capacity),FVC(forced vital capacity),and MVV(maximum voluntary ventilation)of the target group were better than those of the reference group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Targeted nursing can shorten the recovery period of severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure in children,speed up the recovery of motor function,and improve lung function.This nursing model has a significant application effect in children with severe viral encephalitis complicated with respiratory failure.

Sequential treatment of severe pneumonia with respiratory failure and its influence on respiratory mechanical parameters and hemodynamics

BACKGROUND The pathophysiological characteristics of severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure comprise pulmonary parenchymal changes leading to ventilation imbalance,alveolar capillary injury,pulmonary edema,refractory hypoxemia,and reduced lung compliance.Prolonged hypoxia can cause acid-base balance disorder,peripheral circulatory failure,blood-pressure reduction,arrhythmia,and other adverse consequences.AIM To investigate sequential mechanical ventilation’s effect on severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.METHODS We selected 108 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure who underwent mechanical ventilation between January 2018 and September 2020 at the Luhe Hospital’s Intensive Care Unit and divided them into sequential and regular groups according to a randomized trial,with each group comprising 54 patients.The sequential group received invasive and non-invasive sequential mechanical ventilation,whereas the regular group received invasive mechanical ventilation.Blood-gas parameters,hemodynamic parameters,respiratory mechanical parameters,inflammatory factors,and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups before and after mechanical-ventilation treatment.RESULTS The arterial oxygen partial pressure and stroke volume variation values of the sequential group at 24,48,and 72 h of treatment were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The carbon dioxide partial pressure value of the sequential group at 72 h of treatment and the Raw value of the treatment group at 24 and 48 h were lower than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The pH value of the sequential group at 24 and 72 h of treatment,the central venous pressure value of the treatment at 24 h,and the Cst value of the treatment at 24 and 48 h were higher than those of the conventional group(P<0.05).The tidal volume in the sequential group at 24 h of treatment was higher than that in the conventional group(P<0.05),the measured values of interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-αin the sequential group at 72 h of treatment were lower than those in the conventional group(P<0.05),and the total time of mechanical ventilation in the sequential group was shorter than that in the conventional group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Treating severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure with sequential mechanical ventilation is more effective in improving respiratory system compliance,reducing inflammatory response,maintaining hemodynamic stability,and improving patient blood-gas levels;however,from this study’s perspective,it cannot reduce patient mortality.

Recovery from respiratory failure after decompression laparotomy for severe acute pancreatitis

We present three cases of patients (at the age of 56 years, 49 years and 74 years respectively) with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP), complicated by intra-abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) and respiratory insufficiency with limitations of mechanical ventilation. The respiratory situation of the patients was significantly improved after decompression laparotomy (DL) and lung protective ventilation was re-achieved. ACS was discussed followed by a short review of the literature. Our cases show that DL may help patients with SAP to recover from severe respiratory failure.

Effect of fiberoptic bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage with ambroxol on the SIRS and target organ damage in patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure

Objective:To study the effect of fiberoptic bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage with ambroxol on the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and target organ damage in patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.Methods: A total of 68 patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure who received inpatient treatment in our hospital between July 2013 and December 2016 were collected and then divided into the control group (n=35) who received conventional therapy and the observation group (n=33) who received fiberoptic bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage with ambroxol + conventional therapy after the therapies were reviewed. The systemic inflammatory response as well as cardiac and liver function before and after treatment were compared between two groups of patients.Results: Before treatment, differences in serum levels of inflammatory factors, myocardial enzyme spectrum and liver function indexes were not statistically significant between the two groups of patients. After treatment, serum inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and CRP levels in observation group were lower than those in control group;serum myocardial enzyme spectrum LDH,α-HBDH, CKMB and cTnI levels were lower than those in control group;serum liver function index Alb content was higher than that in control group while ALP, TBA, ALT and AST contents were lower than those in control group.Conclusion:Fiberoptic bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage with ambroxol can effectively reduce the degree of SIRS, and also reduce the cardiac and liver function injury in patients with severe pneumonia complicated by respiratory failure.

Analysis of the Efficacy of Humidified High-Flow Nasal Oxygen Therapy Combined with Alveolar Lavage in the Treatment of Patients with Severe Pneumonia Complicated with Respiratory Failure

Objective:To analyze the curative effect of humidified high-flow nasal oxygen therapy combined with alveolar lavage in patients with severe pneumonia and respiratory failure.Methods:120 patients with severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure admitted to the Third People’s Hospital of Xining from July 2021 to December 2022 were randomly divided into two groups:group A and group B.The patients in group A were given humidified high-flow nasal oxygen therapy combined with alveolar lavage,whereas those in group B were given humidified high-flow nasal oxygen therapy.The treatment efficacy,blood gas analysis results,and differences in inflammatory mediators were compared between the two groups.Results:The curative effect in group A(96.67%)was significantly higher than that in group B(81.67%),P<0.05;the partial pressure of carbon dioxide(PaCO2),partial pressure of oxygen(PaO2),oxygen saturation(SpO2),and Horowitz index(P/F)of group A were significantly better than group B,P<0.05;the interleukin 6(IL-6),tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α),and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels,white blood cell(WBC)count,serum procalcitonin(PCT),and neutrophil(N)percentage of group A were significantly lower than those of group B,P<0.05.Conclusion:For patients with severe pneumonia complicated with respiratory failure,alveolar lavage,on the basis of humidified high-flow oxygen therapy,can inhibit local inflammation,improve blood gas analysis results,promote disease recovery,and improve the clinical treatment effect。

A Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus 2 in Pregnancy: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a truly novel, multifaceted disease that has negatively impacted the lives of many including the pregnant women. We present a 34-year-old pregnant patient at 35 weeks with SARS-COV-2 requiring emergent cesarean section under general endotracheal anesthesia and a prolonged postoperative course in the ICU with multiple end organ function derangement of this disease. After nearly 1 month, she was discharged home. Her baby did not have any manifestations of SARS-COV-2 and was able to go home after 5 days.

Non-invasive versus invasive mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome

Background Severe acute respiratory syndrome is frequently complicated by respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support.We aimed to compare the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation against invasive mechanical ventilation treating respiratory failure in this disease.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on all respiratory failure patients identified from the Hong Kong Hospital Authority Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Database.Intubation rate,mortality and secondary outcome of a hospital utilizing non-invasive ventilation under standard infection control conditions(NIV Hospita1)were compared against 13 hospitals using solely invasive ventilation(IMV Hospitals).Multiple logistic regression analyses with adjustments for confounding variables were performed to test for association between outcomes and hospital groups.Results Both hospital groups had comparable demographics and clinical profiles,but NIV Hospital(42 patients)had higher lactate dehydrogenase ratio and worse radiographic score on admission and ribavirin-corticosteroid commencement.Compared to IMV Hospitals(451 patients).NIV Hospital had lower adjusted odds ratios for intubation(0.36,95%C10.164-0.791,P=0.011)and death(0.235.95%C10.077-0.716,P=0.O 11),and improved earlier after pulsed steroid rescue.There were no instances of transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome among health care workers due to the use of non-invasive ventilation.Conclusion Compared to invasive mechanical ventilation,non-invasive ventilation as initial ventilatory support for acute respiratory failure in the presence of severe acute respiratory syndrome appeared to be associated with reduced intubation need and mortality.

Risk factors for intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in adult patients with severe respiratory failure managed using veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is one of the most severe complications during veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO). This study aimed to determine the risk factors for ICH and mortality in such patients.Methods: We analyzed the clinical data of 77 patients who received VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure from July 2013 to May 2019 at China-Japan Friendship Hospital. Demographical data, laboratory indices, imaging characteristics, and other clinical information were collected. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify risk factors for ICH and mortality.Results: Of 77 patients, 11 (14.3%) suffered from ICH, and 36 (46.8%) survived. The survival rate was significantly lower (18.2% [2/11]vs. 51.5% [34/66],P = 0.040) in patients with ICH than in those without ICH. Multivariable analysis revealed that factors independently associated with ICH were diabetes mellitus (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 12.848, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.129-146.188,P = 0.040) and minimum fibrinogen during ECMO (aOR: 2.557, 95% CI: 1.244-5.252,P = 0.011). Multivariable analysis showed that factors independently associated with mortality were acute hepatic failure during ECMO (aOR: 9.205, 95% CI: 1.375-61.604,P = 0.022), CO2 retention before ECMO (aOR: 7.602, 95% CI: 1.514-38.188,P = 0.014), and minimum platelet concentration during ECMO (aOR: 0.130, 95% CI: 0.029-0.577,P = 0.007).Conclusions: Diabetes mellitus and minimum fibrinogen concentration during ECMO are risk factors for ICH in patients with severe respiratory failure managed using VV-ECMO. This indicated that anticoagulants use and nervous system monitoring should be performed more carefully in patients with diabetes when treated with VV-ECMO due to severe respiratory failure.

PICU重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患儿发生VAP的危险因素及干预对策

目的探讨儿科重症监护病房(PICU)重症肺炎(SP)合并呼吸衰竭(RF)患儿发生呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)的危险因素及干预对策。方法回顾性分析2021年2月至2023年1月在周口市中心医院PICU接受治疗的SP合并RF患儿共计124例,统计VAP发生情况,将发生VAP的患儿分为VAP组,并进行单因素分析与Logistic多因素回归分析相关危险因素。结果在PICU接受治疗的124例SP合并RF患儿中,有28例发生VAP,发生率为22.58%(28/124);VAP组年龄≤3岁、出生体质量<2500 g、气管插管次数>3次、使用抗生素、机械通气时间≥5 d、头部位置仰卧、吸痰次数>3次/d患儿占比高于非VAP组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);Logistic多因素回归分析结果显示,年龄≤3岁(OR=1.995,95%CI 1.685~2.307)、出生体质量<2500 g(OR=1.985,95%CI 1.671~2.221)、气管插管次数>3次(OR=2.054,95%CI 1.756~2.327)、使用抗生素(OR=1.863,95%CI 1.689~2.054)、机械通气时间≥5 d(OR=1.964,95%CI 1.704~2.195)、头部位置仰卧(OR=1.883,95%CI 1.716~2.038)是影响PICU中SP合并RF患儿发生VAP的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论SP合并RF患儿在PICU中具有较高的VAP发生率,其发生与年龄、出生体质量、气管插管次数、使用抗生素、机械通气时间及头部位置有关,临床应采取有效的干预对策,降低VAP发生风险。

老年重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者血清Gal-3、MICA、25(OH)D水平及其对病情、预后的影响

目的探讨老年重症肺炎(SP)合并呼吸衰竭(RF)患者血清半乳糖凝集素-3(Gal-3)、主要组织相容性复合体Ⅰ相关分子A(MICA)、25-羟维生素D[25(OH)D]水平及其对病情、预后的影响。方法选取2022年8月—2024年7月北大荒集团总医院重症医学科收治的老年SP患者342例为研究对象,根据是否合并RF将患者分为RF组171例和非RF组171例。根据急性生理学及慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)将老年SP合并RF患者分为低危亚组41例、中危亚组77例、高危亚组53例;根据随访28 d预后情况将老年SP合并RF患者分为死亡亚组51例和生存亚组120例。采用ELISA法检测血清Gal-3、MICA水平,采用高效液相色谱—串联质谱法(LC-MS/MS)检测血清25(OH)D水平;采用Spearman法分析血清Gal-3、MICA、25(OH)D水平与病情程度的相关性;多因素Logistic回归分析老年SP合并RF患者预后死亡的影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价血清Gal-3、MICA、25(OH)D水平对老年SP合并RF患者预后死亡的预测价值。结果RF组血清Gal-3、MICA水平高于非RF组,血清25(OH)D水平低于非RF组(t/P=12.674/<0.001、20.954/<0.001、22.872/<0.001);伴随病情加重,老年SP合并RF患者血清Gal-3、MICA水平逐渐升高,血清25(OH)D水平逐渐降低(F/P=41.512/<0.001、221.162/<0.001、165.574/<0.001);Spearman相关性分析显示,老年SP合并RF患者病情严重程度与血清Gal-3、MICA水平呈正相关(r=0.682、0.726,P均<0.001),与血清25(OH)D水平呈负相关(r=-0.733,P<0.001);随访28 d,171例老年SP合并RF患者死亡发生率为29.82%(51/171)。死亡亚组氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))、血清25(OH)D水平低于生存亚组,机械通气时间、APACHEⅡ评分、血清Gal-3、MICA水平高于生存亚组(t/P=2.392/0.018、13.242/<0.001、2.235/0.027、10.805/<0.001、7.852/<0.001、16.923/<0.001);多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,机械通气时间长、APACHEⅡ评分高、Gal-3高、MICA高为老年SP合并RF患者预后死亡的独立危险因素[OR(95%CI)=2.518(1.385~4.578)、3.157(1.849~5.391)、3.264(1.863~5.717)、4.116(2.025~8.368)],PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)高、25(OH)D高为独立保护因素[OR(95%CI)=0.549(0.346~0.870)、0.426(0.272~0.667)];血清Gal-3、MICA、25(OH)D水平及三者联合预测老年SP合并RF患者预后死亡的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.855、0.850、0.835、0.968,三者联合的AUC大于血清Gal-3、MICA、25(OH)D水平单独预测(Z=3.600、3.652、4.001,P均<0.001)。结论老年SP合并RF患者血清Gal-3、MICA水平升高,25(OH)D水平降低,三者水平与老年SP合并RF患者病情严重程度密切相关,三者联合预测老年SP合并RF患者预后死亡的价值较高。

经鼻高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗联合氨溴索双途径给药对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的疗效

目的分析经鼻高流量鼻导管湿化氧疗(high-flow nasal cannula,HFNC)联合氨溴索双途径给药对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者动脉血气指标、超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitive C-reactive protein,hs-CRP)、肺表面活性蛋白D(surfactant protein D,SP-D)水平的影响。方法选取收治的重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者92例,用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组46例。对照组给予氨溴索双途径给药(氨溴索肺泡灌洗和氨溴索雾化)治疗,观察组在对照组治疗的基础上联合应用HFNC。2组均连续治疗7 d。比较2组临床相关指标和临床疗效,治疗前后动脉血气指标和血清hs-CRP、SP-D水平的变化,记录治疗期间2组不良反应的发生情况。结果治疗后,观察组机械通气时间、住院时间均短于对照组,再插管率低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的总有效率(89.13%)高于对照组(71.74%),P<0.05。观察组动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))均高于对照组(P<0.05),动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、血清hs-CRP和SP-D均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗期间,2组患者均未出现严重不良反应。结论重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者接受HFNC联合氨溴索双途径给药治疗,可有效改善患者的动脉血气指标,减轻炎性反应,提高治疗效果,促进患者病情恢复。

早期肠内营养治疗对重症呼吸衰竭患者营养状况及肺功能的影响

目的:探讨早期肠内营养治疗对重症呼吸衰竭患者营养状况及肺功能的影响。方法:回顾性分析2022年1月—2023年1月在本院呼吸与危重症医学科ICU住院治疗的126例重症呼吸衰竭患者的病历资料。将实施早期肠内营养支持的患者设为观察组(71例),将未实施早期肠内营养支持的患者设为对照组(55例)。收集两组患者实施肠内营养治疗前后的血清总蛋白(TP)、血清前白蛋白(PA)、血清白蛋白(ALB)、24小时尿肌酐,计算肌酐身高指数(CHI),比较两组患者治疗前后营养状况变化;同时,测量治疗前后两组患者用力肺活量(FVC)、一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、一秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量的比值(FEV1/FVC),比较两组患者肺功能变化;统计两组患者喂养不耐受症状发生情况,对比两组患者喂养不耐受情况发生率。结果:两组患者经营养干预后,血清ALB、PA、HGB水平、CHI指标、FVC、FEV1及FEV1/FVC指标均较干预前显著好转(P<0.05),且早期肠内营养组患者好转情况显著优于对照组患者,各指标间比较均有统计学差异(P<0.05)。观察组患者喂养不耐受症状总发生率为4.23%,对照组为27.27%,观察组显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:早期肠内营养治疗可有效改善重症呼吸衰竭患者营养状况及肺功能,且喂养不耐受发生率显著低于未实施早期肠内营养支持患者,临床上可根据患者病情状况及时对重症呼吸衰竭患者进行早期肠内营养干预。

专项护理干预在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果

目的探讨专项护理干预在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法选取2020年2月—2022年11月首都医科大学附属北京潞河医院收治的75例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者为研究对象,根据护理干预方法不同分为观察组(n=39)和对照组(n=36)。对照组采用常规护理干预,观察组患者在对照组基础上采用专项护理干预。比较2组患者干预前后汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表评分、世界卫生组织生存质量测定简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分及干预期间并发症发生情况。结果2组患者干预前HAMA及HAMD评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者干预后HAMA及HAMD评分均低于干预前,且观察组患者均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预前PSQI量表7个维度评分及总分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者干预后PSQI量表的睡眠持续时间、睡眠效率、入睡所需时间、睡眠质量、促睡眠药物、睡眠障碍、日间功能障碍7个维度评分及总分均低于干预前,且观察组患者均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预前WHOQOL-BREF量表各维度评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);2组患者干预后WHOQOL-BREF量表的生理功能、心理状态、躯体健康、社会功能4个维度评分均高于干预前,且观察组患者均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者并发症发生率为7.69%(3/39),低于对照组的27.78%(10/36),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.271,P=0.022)。结论将专项护理干预应用于重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者的护理中,能有效改善患者的心理状况及睡眠质量,提高患者生活质量,降低并发症的发生风险。

支气管肺泡灌洗辅助治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭的疗效及对炎性因子、肺功能的影响

目的探讨对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭予支气管肺泡灌洗辅助治疗的临床疗效及对炎性因子、肺功能的改善作用。方法60例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者,以随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,每组30例。对照组给予常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上联合支气管肺泡灌洗辅助治疗。比较两组临床疗效及机械通气时间、重症加强护理病房(ICU)治疗时间,治疗前后炎性因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)]、血气指标[血氧分压(PaO_(2))、二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、氧合指数(PaO_(2)/FiO_(2))]以及肺功能指标[第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、呼气流量峰值(PEF)、第1秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)]。结果观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(90.00%vs 66.67%,P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间与ICU治疗时间分别为(6.29±1.67)、(8.52±2.53)d,均短于对照组的(8.53±2.24)、(11.46±3.37)d(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组CRP、TNF-α、IL-6水平均下降,且观察组CRP水平(2.21±0.68)mg/L、TNF-α水平(17.42±1.94)ng/L、IL-6水平(3.18±0.59)ng/L均低于对照组的(4.43±1.12)mg/L、(24.59±2.85)ng/L、(5.45±0.84)ng/L(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)水平均明显上升,PaCO_(2)水平显著下降,且观察组PaO_(2)、SaO_(2)、PaO_(2)/FiO_(2)水平分别为(92.58±9.68)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)、(92.51±9.34)%、(316.63±30.87)mm Hg,均高于对照组的(79.47±8.53)mm Hg、(80.78±8.28)%、(267.73±25.68)mm Hg,且该组PaCO_(2)水平(31.51±3.25)mm Hg低于对照组的(40.85±4.13)mm Hg(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组FEV1、PEF、FEV1/FVC水平均升高,且观察组FEV1(3.11±0.27)L、PEF(4.84±1.14)L/s、FEV1/FVC(75.78±7.68)%均高于对照组的(2.23±0.18)L、(3.47±0.84)L/s、(62.46±6.45)%(P<0.05)。结论对重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者给予支气管肺泡灌洗辅助治疗能提高疗效,缩短机械通气治疗时间,降低患者炎性因子水平,改善血气指标,提升肺通气功能,值得推广。

严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败的影响因素

目的分析严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败的影响因素。方法选取2020年1月至2022年1月广西壮族自治区钦州市第一人民医院收治的135例严重呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,统计严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机情况,分析影响撤机失败的因素。结果与撤机成功严重呼吸衰竭患者比较,撤机失败患者ICU住院、带管、呼吸机使用时间较长,并发症发生率较高(P<0.05)。单因素分析所示,严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败与性别、入住ICU时间、BMI、平均动脉压无关(P>0.05);严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败与年龄、合并基础疾病、NYHA心功能分级、多器官衰竭、血清白蛋白、CK-MB、cTnI、机械通气时间、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PETCO_(2)有关,≥65岁、合并基础疾病、NYHA心功能分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、多器官衰竭者、血清白蛋白<210×10^(9)/L、CK-MB≥6 U/L、cTnI≥120μg/L、机械通气时间≥10 d、APACHEⅡ评分≥20分、SOFA评分≥5分、PETCO_(2)≥40 mm Hg的严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败发生率较高(P<0.05)。以严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机情况为因变量(成功=0,失败=1),选择单因素分析中P<0.05的变量进行多因素Logistics回归分析,结果显示年龄、合并基础疾病、NYHA心功能分级、多器官衰竭、血清白蛋白、CK-MB、cTnI、机械通气时间、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PETCO_(2)为影响严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败的主要因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄、合并基础疾病、NYHA心功能分级、多器官衰竭、血清白蛋白、CK-MB、cTnI、机械通气时间、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、PETCO_(2)均为严重呼吸衰竭患者早期肺康复后撤机失败的影响因素。

GIDS在老年AECOPD呼吸衰竭患者病情及预后评估中的应用

目的 探讨胃肠道功能障碍评分(GIDS)与老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)呼吸衰竭患者疾病严重程度的相关性及对预后的预测价值,为疾病严重程度和预后评估提供参考依据。方法 收集2020年1月至2023年8月于该院ICU治疗的264例老年AECOPD呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象。根据患者GIDS,将患者分为低GIDS组(0~1分)和高GIDS组(2~4分)。比较不同GIDS组患者急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分和序贯器官衰竭评估(SOFA)评分,以及患者住院结局指标,包括机械通气时间、ICU入住时间和预后情况。采用Spearman相关分析GIDS与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分的相关性。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析GIDS对预后的预测价值。结果 264例老年AECOPD呼吸衰竭患者GIDS为2.00(1.00,3.00)分,其中0分53例(20.1%),1分65例(24.6%),2分53例(20.1%),3分45例(17.0%),4分48例(18.2%)。高GIDS组APACHEⅡ评分和SOFA评分高于低GIDS组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,GIDS与APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分均呈正相关(r=0.458、0.392,P<0.05)。高GIDS组机械通气时间、ICU入住时间长于低GIDS组,预后不良发生率高于低GIDS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示,GIDS预测老年AECOPD呼吸衰竭患者预后不良的曲线下面积为0.823,灵敏度和特异度分别为93.4%和60.1%。结论 老年AECOPD呼吸衰竭患者GIDS与疾病严重程度密切相关,该评分对患者预后不良具有良好的预测价值。

有创机械通气对ICU重症心力衰竭患者呼吸循环功能及心功能的影响

目的:探讨有创机械通气在ICU重症心力衰竭(HF)患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2020年6月—2022年6月河南省永城市人民医院收治的86例重症HF患者作为研究对象,采用随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,每组各43例。对照组患者给予常规药物治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上加用有创机械通气治疗,均于治疗7 d后进行评价。比较两组患者呼吸循环功能、神经内分泌因子水平、心功能及不良心血管事件情况。结果:治疗后,观察组患者动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、氧合指数(OI)高于对照组,二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))、呼吸频率(RR)较对照组低,差异有统计学意义(t=3.685、5.912、5.854、4.972,P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者醛固酮(ALD)、心房钠尿肽(ANP)水平低于对照组,皮质醇(COR)高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.303、4.590、4.418,P<0.05);治疗后,观察组患者左室射血分数(LVEF)高于对照组,左室收缩末内径(LVESD)、左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、血管阻力(SVR)低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.384、6.772、6.272、4.439,P<0.05);观察组患者不良心血管事件较对照组少,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.441,P<0.05)。结论:有创机械通气可改善ICU重症HF患者呼吸循环功能,纠正神经内分泌因子紊乱,加快心功能恢复,减少不良心血管事件发生。

督导式预警性干预联合密闭式吸痰法在急诊重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用价值

目的探讨督导式预警性干预联合密闭式吸痰法在急诊重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者中的应用价值。方法回顾性分析,采集2020年5月至2023年4月行机械通气治疗的急诊重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者88例,其中44例实施密闭式吸痰法干预的患者纳入对照组,其余44例实施督导式预警性干预联合密闭式吸痰法干预的患者纳入观察组。比较2组干预前、干预3 d时患者血气指标[动脉血氧分压(PaO_(2))、动脉血二氧化碳分压(PaCO_(2))]、干预1、3、5 d时痰液黏稠度、干预期间并发症发生情况、住院相关指标(机械通气时间、住ICU时间、住院时间)。结果干预3 d时,2组PaO_(2)均升高,PaCO_(2)均降低,且与对照组比较,观察组PaO_(2)高,PaCO_(2)低(P<0.05)。干预1、3、5 d时观察组痰液黏稠度均优于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组并发症总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组机械通气时间、住ICU时间及住院时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论督导式预警性干预联合密闭式吸痰法干预可改善急诊重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者血气指标,改善患者痰液黏稠度、降低并发症发生率,有助于缩短患者机械通气时间及住院时间。

序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响

目的探讨序贯机械通气在重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭中的应用及对患者血流动力学的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2022年3月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第967医院收治的78例重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭患者作为研究对象,根据治疗方法不同分为对照组与研究组,每组39例。对照组行常规有创机械通气,研究组行序贯机械通气,比较两组机械通气治疗相关指标、住院时间、血气指标、炎症因子水平、心肌损伤指标、血流动力学指标及并发症发生情况。结果研究组有创通气时间、机械通气总时间及住院时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后,两组动脉血氧分压(PaO2)、碳酸氢根(HCO3-)水平均高于治疗前,且研究组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)水平均低于治疗前,且研究组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组氨基末端脑钠尿肽(NT-proBNP)水平及研究组肌钙蛋白I(cTnI)水平均低于治疗前,对照组cTnI水平高于治疗前,且研究组cTnI、NT-proBNP水平均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)均慢于治疗前,收缩压(SBP)均低于治疗前,且研究组HR、RR均慢于对照组,SBP低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论序贯机械通气治疗重症肺炎合并呼吸衰竭疗效显著,可缩短住院时间,有效改善患者炎症反应、心肌损伤指标及血流动力学指标,且安全性较高。