This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adul...This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.展开更多
Bone is an endocrine tissue expressing androgen and estrogen receptors as well as steroid metabolizing enzymes. The bioactivity of circulating sex steroids is modulated by sex hormone-binding globulin and local conver...Bone is an endocrine tissue expressing androgen and estrogen receptors as well as steroid metabolizing enzymes. The bioactivity of circulating sex steroids is modulated by sex hormone-binding globulin and local conversion in bone tissue, for example, from testosterone （T） to estradiol （E2） by aromatase, or to dihydrotestosterone by 5（x-reductase enzymes. Our understanding of the structural basis for gender differences in bone strength has advanced considerably over recent years due to increasing use of （high resolution） peripheral computed tomography. These microarchitectural insights form the basis to understand sex steroid influences on male peak bone mass and turnover in cortical vs trabecular bone. Recent studies using Cre/LoxP technology have further refined our mechanistic insights from global knockout mice into the direct contributions of sex steroids and their respective nuclear receptors in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and other cells to male osteoporosis. At the same time, these studies have reinforced the notion that androgen and estrogen deficiency have both direct and pleiotropic effects via interaction with, for example, insulin-like growth factor 1, inflammation, oxidative stress, central nervous system control of bone metabolism, adaptation to mechanical loading, etc., This review will summarize recent advances on these issues in the field of sex steroid actions in male bone homeostasis.展开更多
Background::The association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and renal function has rarely been reported in men.We aimed to investigate the above association in a community-based Chinese population.Methods::A...Background::The association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and renal function has rarely been reported in men.We aimed to investigate the above association in a community-based Chinese population.Methods::A total of 5027 men were included from the survey on prevalence for metabolic diseases and risk factors,which is a population-based study conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Eastern China.The estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was calculated according to the chronic kidney disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.Low eGFR was defined as eGFR<60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2.Results::After adjusting for age,smoking,metabolic factors,and testosterone,through increasing quartiles of SHBG,a significantly positive association between SHBG quartiles and eGFR was detected in men(Q1 vs.Q4,β-2.53,95%confidence interval-3.89,-1.17,Ptrend<0.001).Compared with the highest quartile of SHBG,SHBG in the lowest quartile was associated with 96%higher odds of low eGFR(odds ratio 1.96,95%confidence interval 1.10,3.48)in the model after full adjustment.According to the stratified analyses,the associations between a 1-standard deviation increase in serum SHBG and the prevalence of low eGFR were significant in men aged≥60 years old,waist circumference<90 cm,diabetes(no),hypertension(yes),dyslipidemia(no),and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(no).Conclusions::Lower serum SHBG levels were significantly associated with lower eGFR and a higher prevalence of low eGFR in Chinese men independent of demographics,lifestyle,metabolic-related risk factors,and testosterone.Large prospective cohort and basic mechanistic studies are warranted in the future.展开更多
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprise...We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprised 730 Korean men consisting of 142 pairs of monozygotic twins, 191 pairs of siblings, and 259 father-offspring pairs from 270 families who participated in the Healthy Twin study. Serum concentration of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated using Vermeulen＇s method. Quantitative genetic analysis based on a variance decomposition model showed that the heritability of total testosterone, free testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were 0.56, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.69, respectively after accounting for age and body mass index. Proportions of variance explained by age and body mass index varied across different traits, from 8% for total testosterone to 31% for sex hormone-binding globulin. Bivariate analysis showed a high degree of additive genetic correlation （p~ = 0.67） and a moderate degree of individual-specific environmental correlation （PE = 0.42） between total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. The findings confirmed the important role of genetics in determining the individually different levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin during adulthood in Korean men as found in non-Asian populations, which may suggest that common biologic control for determining testosterone level directly or indirectly through binding protein are largely shared among different populations.展开更多
AIM: To systematically assess the association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)(TAAAA)n and androgen receptor(AR)(CAG)n polymorphisms and polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) risk.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE(Pu...AIM: To systematically assess the association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)(TAAAA)n and androgen receptor(AR)(CAG)n polymorphisms and polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) risk.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE(PubM ed), EMBASE and Web of Science database from inception to May2014. To avoid missing any additional studies, we looked through all the references of relevant articles. Case-control studies concerning the(CAG)n variants in the AR gene or the(TAAAA)n polymorphism in the SHBG gene in PCOS patients were included. Five studies regarding the(TAAAA)n polymorphism in the SHBG gene and 14 studies regarding the(CAG)n polymorphism in the AR gene met our criteria. Odd ratio(OR) and weighted mean difference(WMD) were selected as the effect size measurements to evaluate the influence of the(TAAAA)n polymorphism and(CAG)n variants on PCOS risk. Begg's test was used for the evaluation of publication bias.RESULTS: With respect to the relationship between the(TAAAA)n polymorphism and PCOS risk, the statistical results showed that there was no significant difference between PCOS patients and controls in the alleles of TAAAA(S: OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.78-1.05; L: OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 0.95-1.27). Subgroup analyses of the combination of alleles indicated similar results(shortshort: OR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.66-1.14; short-long: OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.86-1.46; long-long: OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.72-1.47). As for the relationship between the(CAG)n polymorphism and PCOS risk, we found no association between CAG repeat variants and PCOS risk(WDM = 0.03, 95%CI:-0.13-0.08). Subgroup analyses by race and diagnosis criteria indicated the same results(Asian: WMD =-0.03, 95%CI:-0.14-0.07; Caucasian: WMD =-0.02, 95%CI:-0.24-0.21; the criteria of Rotterdam: WMD = 0.01, 95%CI:-0.01-0.03). CONCLUSION: There is no association between(TAAAA)n polymorphism in SHBG gene,(CAG)n repeat variants in AR gene and PCOS.展开更多
Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary...Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） women. Methods Totally 307 subjects with PCOS were collected and recruited fulfilling the revised 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. MS was diagnosed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult treatment Panel （NCEP-ATP） III criteria. Results The prevalence of MS in PCOS women was 31.6%, whose average age was 26.2 ___＋ 5.2 years. The apoB/A1 ratio was significantly correlated with age, body mass index （BM1）, waist circumference （WC）, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, metabolic abnormalities, sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG）, and free androgen index. In addition, SHBG had a significant association with all five component risk of MS. The increasing apoB/A1 ratio was associated with the prevalence of MS and was one of the risk factors of MS. Conclusion SHBG was considered as an additional potential factor in predicting the metabolic abnormity in PCOS women. The apoB/A1 ratio is associated with SHBG and might be an indicator of MS in PCOS women.展开更多
Aim： To investigate the level of postprandial triglycerides （TG）s in elderly men with subnormal testosterone level （≤ 11.0 nmol/L） compared to men with normal testosterone level （〉 11.0 nmol/L）. Methods： Thi...Aim： To investigate the level of postprandial triglycerides （TG）s in elderly men with subnormal testosterone level （≤ 11.0 nmol/L） compared to men with normal testosterone level （〉 11.0 nmol/L）. Methods： Thirthy-seven men with subnormal and 41 men with normal testosterone aged 60-80 years underwent an oral fat load and TG levels were measured fasting and 2, 4, 6 and 8 h afterwards. Results： Men with subnormal testosterone had significantly higher body mass index （BMI） and waist circumference （P 〈 0.001） than men with normal testosterone. They had significantly higher area under curve （AUC, P = 0.037）, incremental area under curve （AUCi, P = 0.035） and TG response （TGR, P = 0.014） for serum-TG and significantly higher AUC （P = 0.023）, AUCi （P = 0.023） and TGR （P = 0.014） for chylomicron-TG compared to men with normal testosterone level. Adjusting for waist circumference erased the significant differences between the groups in postprandial triglyceridemia. Conclusion： Men with subnormal testosterone have increased postprandial TG levels indicating an impaired metabolism of postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins （TRL）, which may add to an unfavourable lipid profile and promote development of atherosclerosis.展开更多
文摘This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P 〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.This multi-center, cross-sectional study investigated the association between serum testosterone （T） levels, serum sex hormone-binding globulin （SHBG） levels, and the risk of metabolic syndrome （MS） in 3332 adult Chinese men. The prevalence of MS was 34.7%, and men with MS had lower serum levels of total T （TT） and SHBG than those without MS （P 〈 0.001）. There was no significant difference in serum free T （FT） levels between subjects with and without MS （P = 0.627）. In logistic regression analysis, the association between MS and serum SHBG levels persisted after adjusting for age, body mass index （BMI）, smoking and drinking status, and serum TT （odds ratio [OR] 0.962, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.954-0.969, P〈 0.01）. However, the association between serum TT level and the risk of MS was weak after adjusting for age, BMI, SHBG level, and smoking and drinking status （OR 0,981, 95% CI 0.960-1.007）. Our study reveals that both serum TT and SHBG levels, but not serum FT, are inversely associated with the prevalence of MS and that serum SHBG is an independent and dominant risk factor for MS.
文摘Bone is an endocrine tissue expressing androgen and estrogen receptors as well as steroid metabolizing enzymes. The bioactivity of circulating sex steroids is modulated by sex hormone-binding globulin and local conversion in bone tissue, for example, from testosterone （T） to estradiol （E2） by aromatase, or to dihydrotestosterone by 5（x-reductase enzymes. Our understanding of the structural basis for gender differences in bone strength has advanced considerably over recent years due to increasing use of （high resolution） peripheral computed tomography. These microarchitectural insights form the basis to understand sex steroid influences on male peak bone mass and turnover in cortical vs trabecular bone. Recent studies using Cre/LoxP technology have further refined our mechanistic insights from global knockout mice into the direct contributions of sex steroids and their respective nuclear receptors in osteoblasts, osteoclasts, osteocytes, and other cells to male osteoporosis. At the same time, these studies have reinforced the notion that androgen and estrogen deficiency have both direct and pleiotropic effects via interaction with, for example, insulin-like growth factor 1, inflammation, oxidative stress, central nervous system control of bone metabolism, adaptation to mechanical loading, etc., This review will summarize recent advances on these issues in the field of sex steroid actions in male bone homeostasis.
基金This work was,supported by grants from Clinical Research Plan of SHDC(No.SHDC2020CR4006)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.91857117)+1 种基金Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.19140902400,18410722300)the Major Science and Technology Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(No.2019-01-07-00-01-E00059).
文摘Background::The association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)and renal function has rarely been reported in men.We aimed to investigate the above association in a community-based Chinese population.Methods::A total of 5027 men were included from the survey on prevalence for metabolic diseases and risk factors,which is a population-based study conducted from 2014 to 2016 in Eastern China.The estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)was calculated according to the chronic kidney disease Epidemiology Collaboration equation.Low eGFR was defined as eGFR<60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2.Results::After adjusting for age,smoking,metabolic factors,and testosterone,through increasing quartiles of SHBG,a significantly positive association between SHBG quartiles and eGFR was detected in men(Q1 vs.Q4,β-2.53,95%confidence interval-3.89,-1.17,Ptrend<0.001).Compared with the highest quartile of SHBG,SHBG in the lowest quartile was associated with 96%higher odds of low eGFR(odds ratio 1.96,95%confidence interval 1.10,3.48)in the model after full adjustment.According to the stratified analyses,the associations between a 1-standard deviation increase in serum SHBG and the prevalence of low eGFR were significant in men aged≥60 years old,waist circumference<90 cm,diabetes(no),hypertension(yes),dyslipidemia(no),and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(no).Conclusions::Lower serum SHBG levels were significantly associated with lower eGFR and a higher prevalence of low eGFR in Chinese men independent of demographics,lifestyle,metabolic-related risk factors,and testosterone.Large prospective cohort and basic mechanistic studies are warranted in the future.
文摘We conducted a community-based cross-sectional study to evaluate the role of genetics in determining the individual difference in total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin levels. Study participants comprised 730 Korean men consisting of 142 pairs of monozygotic twins, 191 pairs of siblings, and 259 father-offspring pairs from 270 families who participated in the Healthy Twin study. Serum concentration of total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay, and free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone were calculated using Vermeulen＇s method. Quantitative genetic analysis based on a variance decomposition model showed that the heritability of total testosterone, free testosterone, bioavailable testosterone, and sex hormone-binding globulin were 0.56, 0.45, 0.44, and 0.69, respectively after accounting for age and body mass index. Proportions of variance explained by age and body mass index varied across different traits, from 8% for total testosterone to 31% for sex hormone-binding globulin. Bivariate analysis showed a high degree of additive genetic correlation （p~ = 0.67） and a moderate degree of individual-specific environmental correlation （PE = 0.42） between total testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin. The findings confirmed the important role of genetics in determining the individually different levels of testosterone and sex hormone-binding globulin during adulthood in Korean men as found in non-Asian populations, which may suggest that common biologic control for determining testosterone level directly or indirectly through binding protein are largely shared among different populations.
文摘AIM: To systematically assess the association between sex hormone-binding globulin(SHBG)(TAAAA)n and androgen receptor(AR)(CAG)n polymorphisms and polycystic ovarian syndrome(PCOS) risk.METHODS: We searched MEDLINE(PubM ed), EMBASE and Web of Science database from inception to May2014. To avoid missing any additional studies, we looked through all the references of relevant articles. Case-control studies concerning the(CAG)n variants in the AR gene or the(TAAAA)n polymorphism in the SHBG gene in PCOS patients were included. Five studies regarding the(TAAAA)n polymorphism in the SHBG gene and 14 studies regarding the(CAG)n polymorphism in the AR gene met our criteria. Odd ratio(OR) and weighted mean difference(WMD) were selected as the effect size measurements to evaluate the influence of the(TAAAA)n polymorphism and(CAG)n variants on PCOS risk. Begg's test was used for the evaluation of publication bias.RESULTS: With respect to the relationship between the(TAAAA)n polymorphism and PCOS risk, the statistical results showed that there was no significant difference between PCOS patients and controls in the alleles of TAAAA(S: OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.78-1.05; L: OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 0.95-1.27). Subgroup analyses of the combination of alleles indicated similar results(shortshort: OR = 0.87, 95%CI: 0.66-1.14; short-long: OR = 1.12, 95%CI: 0.86-1.46; long-long: OR = 1.03, 95%CI: 0.72-1.47). As for the relationship between the(CAG)n polymorphism and PCOS risk, we found no association between CAG repeat variants and PCOS risk(WDM = 0.03, 95%CI:-0.13-0.08). Subgroup analyses by race and diagnosis criteria indicated the same results(Asian: WMD =-0.03, 95%CI:-0.14-0.07; Caucasian: WMD =-0.02, 95%CI:-0.24-0.21; the criteria of Rotterdam: WMD = 0.01, 95%CI:-0.01-0.03). CONCLUSION: There is no association between(TAAAA)n polymorphism in SHBG gene,(CAG)n repeat variants in AR gene and PCOS.
基金the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical research base contribution subject of the State Administration of TCM of China(JDZX2012039)special scientific research of Chinese Medicine Industry of the State Administration of TCM of China(201207001)
文摘Objective To identify significant factors related to the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A1 （apoB/A1） ratio and investigate the association between the apoB/A1 ratio and metabolic syndrome （MS） in polycystic ovary syndrome （PCOS） women. Methods Totally 307 subjects with PCOS were collected and recruited fulfilling the revised 2003 Rotterdam diagnostic criteria. MS was diagnosed by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult treatment Panel （NCEP-ATP） III criteria. Results The prevalence of MS in PCOS women was 31.6%, whose average age was 26.2 ___＋ 5.2 years. The apoB/A1 ratio was significantly correlated with age, body mass index （BM1）, waist circumference （WC）, hip circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, blood pressure, metabolic abnormalities, sex hormone binding globulin （SHBG）, and free androgen index. In addition, SHBG had a significant association with all five component risk of MS. The increasing apoB/A1 ratio was associated with the prevalence of MS and was one of the risk factors of MS. Conclusion SHBG was considered as an additional potential factor in predicting the metabolic abnormity in PCOS women. The apoB/A1 ratio is associated with SHBG and might be an indicator of MS in PCOS women.
文摘Aim： To investigate the level of postprandial triglycerides （TG）s in elderly men with subnormal testosterone level （≤ 11.0 nmol/L） compared to men with normal testosterone level （〉 11.0 nmol/L）. Methods： Thirthy-seven men with subnormal and 41 men with normal testosterone aged 60-80 years underwent an oral fat load and TG levels were measured fasting and 2, 4, 6 and 8 h afterwards. Results： Men with subnormal testosterone had significantly higher body mass index （BMI） and waist circumference （P 〈 0.001） than men with normal testosterone. They had significantly higher area under curve （AUC, P = 0.037）, incremental area under curve （AUCi, P = 0.035） and TG response （TGR, P = 0.014） for serum-TG and significantly higher AUC （P = 0.023）, AUCi （P = 0.023） and TGR （P = 0.014） for chylomicron-TG compared to men with normal testosterone level. Adjusting for waist circumference erased the significant differences between the groups in postprandial triglyceridemia. Conclusion： Men with subnormal testosterone have increased postprandial TG levels indicating an impaired metabolism of postprandial TG-rich lipoproteins （TRL）, which may add to an unfavourable lipid profile and promote development of atherosclerosis.
