[ Objective ] This paper aimed to study the sexual dimorphism of Rana guentheri. [ Method ] Sixty-seven Rana guentheri were collected in Zhaoqing ar- ea to measure their morphological indexes, count the brood amount o...[ Objective ] This paper aimed to study the sexual dimorphism of Rana guentheri. [ Method ] Sixty-seven Rana guentheri were collected in Zhaoqing ar- ea to measure their morphological indexes, count the brood amount of female Rana guentheri and study sexual dimorphism and female reproductive characteristics . [Result] The average snout-vent length of male Rana guentheri was （75.07 ± 1.21 ） mm and the average snout-vent length of female Rana guentheri was （78.67 ± 1.23 ） mm. The snout-vent length and weight of female Rana guentheri were significantly different from that of male Rana guentheri, which illustrated that snout-vent length and body weight of Rana gttentheri had significant sexual dimorphism. The sexual dimorphism index was 0.05. The Local morphological inde- xes of Rana guentheri were positively related with the snout-vent length. The average brood amount of female Rana guentheri was 4 916. The snout-vent length and body weight were positively related with the brood amount of female Rana guentheri. [ Conclusion] Rana guentheri in Zhaoqing area had obvious sexual dimor- phism.展开更多
Guppies( Poecilia reticulata) are considered a candidate model species for the identification and testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Male guppies may be used to address the challenge of making potential linkag...Guppies( Poecilia reticulata) are considered a candidate model species for the identification and testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Male guppies may be used to address the challenge of making potential linkages between alterations of biomarkers, both at the cellular and organ level, and adverse outcomes. In the present study, a predictive relationship between sex characteristics and reproductive output was observed in male guppies that underwent a long-term toxicity test with 0.5 μg/L 17 β-estradiol administered during the juvenile period. Radioimmunoassay and western blot analyses demonstrated that 17 β-estradiol exposure caused a significant increase in testicular 17 β-estradiol levels as well as the induction of exposure biomarkers, namely hepatic vitellogenin. Exposure to 17 β-estradiol also caused a significant decrease in testosterone levels, which consequently reduced the gonadosomatic index, sperm counts, and the coloration index. These changes of male sexual characteristics further translated into adverse influences on reproduction, as measured by a decrease in offspring production and survival rate. Our results suggest that the above-mentioned sexual characteristics of male guppies may be considered potential in vivo biomarkers of estrogen effects on reproduction.展开更多
【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研...【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研究。【结果】甘肃省苹果树腐烂病原菌有性态为Valsa ceratosperma(Tode et Fr)Maire,仅分布在甘肃东部气候较湿润的天水、平凉、庆阳3地,形成时间天水在8月中下旬,平凉和庆阳在9月中下旬。平凉菌株子囊壳埋藏最深,达809.85μm,与天水、庆阳菌株差异显著。三地的有性态子囊孢子在最适条件下均可萌发,36 h内不同光照条件下,各地子囊孢子的萌发率差异不显著。子囊孢子在不同光照和不同营养条件下都能萌发,以全黑暗条件下和PDA培养基上的萌发率最高。【结论】苹果树腐烂病菌有性态分布在气候较为湿润、年平均温度较高的地区,有性态无侵染性,光照和营养条件对子囊孢子萌发有显著影响。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31271124)Natural Foundation Project of Guangdong Province(s2013010016062)Planned Project for Innovation and Entrepreneurship by Undergraduate(DC201455)
文摘[ Objective ] This paper aimed to study the sexual dimorphism of Rana guentheri. [ Method ] Sixty-seven Rana guentheri were collected in Zhaoqing ar- ea to measure their morphological indexes, count the brood amount of female Rana guentheri and study sexual dimorphism and female reproductive characteristics . [Result] The average snout-vent length of male Rana guentheri was （75.07 ± 1.21 ） mm and the average snout-vent length of female Rana guentheri was （78.67 ± 1.23 ） mm. The snout-vent length and weight of female Rana guentheri were significantly different from that of male Rana guentheri, which illustrated that snout-vent length and body weight of Rana gttentheri had significant sexual dimorphism. The sexual dimorphism index was 0.05. The Local morphological inde- xes of Rana guentheri were positively related with the snout-vent length. The average brood amount of female Rana guentheri was 4 916. The snout-vent length and body weight were positively related with the brood amount of female Rana guentheri. [ Conclusion] Rana guentheri in Zhaoqing area had obvious sexual dimor- phism.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.31202001)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(No.ZR2012CQ010)
文摘Guppies( Poecilia reticulata) are considered a candidate model species for the identification and testing of endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Male guppies may be used to address the challenge of making potential linkages between alterations of biomarkers, both at the cellular and organ level, and adverse outcomes. In the present study, a predictive relationship between sex characteristics and reproductive output was observed in male guppies that underwent a long-term toxicity test with 0.5 μg/L 17 β-estradiol administered during the juvenile period. Radioimmunoassay and western blot analyses demonstrated that 17 β-estradiol exposure caused a significant increase in testicular 17 β-estradiol levels as well as the induction of exposure biomarkers, namely hepatic vitellogenin. Exposure to 17 β-estradiol also caused a significant decrease in testosterone levels, which consequently reduced the gonadosomatic index, sperm counts, and the coloration index. These changes of male sexual characteristics further translated into adverse influences on reproduction, as measured by a decrease in offspring production and survival rate. Our results suggest that the above-mentioned sexual characteristics of male guppies may be considered potential in vivo biomarkers of estrogen effects on reproduction.
文摘【目的】为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌有性态在不同生境条件下的发生情况及生物学特性,【方法】以甘肃省6市11县(区)不同生境条件下患病的苹果树病皮为试验材料,对苹果树腐烂病菌有性态的形态学、形成时间、侵染性和子囊孢子萌发条件进行研究。【结果】甘肃省苹果树腐烂病原菌有性态为Valsa ceratosperma(Tode et Fr)Maire,仅分布在甘肃东部气候较湿润的天水、平凉、庆阳3地,形成时间天水在8月中下旬,平凉和庆阳在9月中下旬。平凉菌株子囊壳埋藏最深,达809.85μm,与天水、庆阳菌株差异显著。三地的有性态子囊孢子在最适条件下均可萌发,36 h内不同光照条件下,各地子囊孢子的萌发率差异不显著。子囊孢子在不同光照和不同营养条件下都能萌发,以全黑暗条件下和PDA培养基上的萌发率最高。【结论】苹果树腐烂病菌有性态分布在气候较为湿润、年平均温度较高的地区,有性态无侵染性,光照和营养条件对子囊孢子萌发有显著影响。
