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Relationship between Sexual Risk Behaviors and HIV Counseling and Testing (HCT) Uptake among Young People in Nigeria
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作者 Adaeze Oguegbu Frazier Beatty 《Health》 CAS 2016年第5期463-471,共9页
This study examined the relationship between sexual risk behavior and HIV counselling and testing uptake among young people in Nigeria. Probability sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 10,091 respondents ... This study examined the relationship between sexual risk behavior and HIV counselling and testing uptake among young people in Nigeria. Probability sampling technique was used to obtain a sample of 10,091 respondents (ages 15 to 24 years) for the study. The multistage cluster sampling was used to select suitable young people with known probability. Data were collected throughout Nigeria between September and December 2012 from 32,543 households (rural = 22,192;urban = 10,351) using structured and semi-structured questionnaires. The data were summed using descriptive statistics. Frequencies and percentages;measures of central tendencies were used to answer the research question while nonparametric test such as chi-square was used to analyze non-normally distributed data at 0.5 level of significance. Results of data analysis indicated that sexual risk behaviors comprised three variables: sex with multiple partners, intergenerational sex (sex with partners 10 years older), and transactional sex. The results of the chi-square test of association between sex with multiple partners and HCT uptake showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between sex with multiple partners and HCT uptake among young people ages 15 to 24 years in Nigeria. It was among others recommended that sexually active young people in Nigeria should use protection against HIV infection. 展开更多
关键词 sexual risk Behavior HIV Counselling HCT Uptake Young People
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Cross-cultural psychometric assessment of the parent-teen sexual risk communication (PTSRC-III) scale in Jamaica
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作者 Norman K. Waldron M. Katherine Hutchinson +1 位作者 Hermi H. Hewitt Pansy I. Hamilton 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2012年第2期205-213,共9页
Background: HIV/AIDS represents a serious health threat in Jamaica. Adolescent and young adult females are at particularly high risk. US studies have shown that parent-teen sexual communication may significantly influ... Background: HIV/AIDS represents a serious health threat in Jamaica. Adolescent and young adult females are at particularly high risk. US studies have shown that parent-teen sexual communication may significantly influence the sexual risk-related beliefs and behaviors. However, no studies have examined parent-teen sexual communication in Jamaica or the wider Caribbean. Objective: The study aims to describe patterns of parent-teen sexual communication between Jamaican mothers and adolescent daughters and assess the psychometric properties of the Parent-Teen Sexual Risk Communication (PTSRC-III) scale when used with this population. Method: Data were collected as part of a larger randomized controlled trial study. A total of 330 urban Jamaican adolescent girls, ages 13 - 17, and their mothers or female guardians completed the 8-item PTSRC-III scale at baseline and 3-month follow-up. Results: Mothers’ and daughters’ scores covered the full range of possible scores. Internal reliability of the PTSRC-III scale was excellent (α = 0.92 and 0.93 for mothers and daughters, respectively). There was evidence of consistency over time (r = 0.57, p r = 0.27, p r = 0.427, p r = 0.146, p = 0.008). A two-factor structure was identified, although the second factor showed a lower eigen-value than was found in previous US studies. The loading pattern and explanation of variance were very similar to the factor 2 described in the initial psychometric testing of the PTSRC-III instrument. Discussion: Patterns of sexual communication and the psychometrics of the scale when used in Jamaica were consistent with US results, and provided evidence of the cross-cultural reliability and validity of the PTSRC-III scale. 展开更多
关键词 ADOLESCENT sexual risk sexual COMMUNICATION PSYCHOMETRIC Assessment Reliability
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Sociodemographic, Psychosocial, and Health Behavior Risk Factors Associated with Sexual Risk Behaviors among Southeastern US College Students
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作者 Carla J. Berg Kincaid Lowe +6 位作者 Erin Stratton Sherell Brown Goodwin Linda Grimsley Jan Rodd Catherine Williams Cheri Mattox Bruce Foster 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2014年第6期387-395,共9页
Objectives: We examined correlates of 1) being a virgin;2) drug or alcohol use prior to the last intercourse;and 3) condom use during the last intercourse in a sample of college students. Methods: We recruited 24,055 ... Objectives: We examined correlates of 1) being a virgin;2) drug or alcohol use prior to the last intercourse;and 3) condom use during the last intercourse in a sample of college students. Methods: We recruited 24,055 students at six colleges in the Southeast to complete an online survey, yielding 4840 responses (20.1% response rate), with complete data from 4514. Results: Logistic regression indicated that correlates of virginity included being younger (p < 0.001), male (p = 0.01), being White or other ethnicity (p < 0.001), attending a four- vs. two-year school (p < 0.001), being single/never married (p < 0.001), lower sensation seeking (p < 0.001), more regular religious service attendance (p < 0.001) and marijuana use (p = 0.002), and less frequentdrinking (p < 0.001). Correlates of alcohol or drug use prior to most recent intercourse including being older (p = 0.03), being White (p < 0.01), attending a four-year college (p < 0.001), being homosexual (p = 0.041) or bisexual (p = 0.011), having more lifetime sexual partners (p = 0.005), lower satisfaction with life (p = 0.004), greater likelihood of smoking (p < 0.001) and marijuana use (p < 0.001), and more frequent drinking (p < 0.001). Correlates of condom use during the last sexual intercourse including being older (p = 0.003), being female (p < 0.001), being White (p < 0.001), attending a two-year school (p = 0.04), being single/never married (p = 0.005), being homosexual or bisexual (p = 0.04), and a more frequent drinking (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Four-year college attendees were more likely to be a virgin but, if sexually active, reported higher sexual risk behaviors. These nuances regarding sexual risk may provide targets for sexual health promotion programs and interventions. 展开更多
关键词 sexual risk Substance Use COLLEGE STUDENTS
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Prevalence and Incidence of HIV and Sexual Risk Behaviors in Crack Users in the San Salvador Metropolitan Area, El Salvador
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作者 Julia Dickson-Gomez Julia Lechuga +3 位作者 Laura Glasman Steven Pinkerton Gloria Bodnar Pamela Klein 《World Journal of AIDS》 2013年第4期357-363,共7页
Objective: It is in order to estimate the prevalence and incidence of HIV, the frequency of sexual risk behaviors, and perceptions of available resources to prevent and treat HIV among crack users in the San Salvador ... Objective: It is in order to estimate the prevalence and incidence of HIV, the frequency of sexual risk behaviors, and perceptions of available resources to prevent and treat HIV among crack users in the San Salvador Metropolitan Area. Methods: We conducted a survey of 420 crack users by using respondent-driven sampling to measure demographic characteristics, the quantity and frequency of drug use, history of STIs, including HIV, and experiences with organizations which provide prevention and treatment of HIV. Each participant offered a free and voluntary HIV test and was asked permission to share the results of the test with the study. Bernoullian modeling was used to estimate the prevalence and incidence of HIV among heterosexual males in this population. Results: The estimated prevalence was 7% (95% CI: 2.3% -9.8%) among participants who agreed to take the test and share the results, and 4.9% (95% CI: 2.8% -7.8%) assuming that those who did not take the test or share results were seronegative. Participants reported a high frequency of sexual risk behaviors. In addition, participants were reported to have little knowledge of organizations to prevent or treat HIV/AIDS;58% had never taken an HIV test prior to survey administration. Conclusions: Crack users in San Salvador are at high risk for HIV acquisition. HIV prevention interventions are urgently needed, especially interventions increasing access to HIV testing and prevention. 展开更多
关键词 INCIDENCE and PREVALENCE of HIV sexual risk Behavior CRACK El SALVADOR
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Parenting Skills Determinant in Preventing Adolescents’ Sexual Health Risk Behavior
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作者 Rosnah Sutan Aimi Nazri Mahat 《Open Journal of Preventive Medicine》 2017年第1期1-13,共13页
Parenting skill is one of the crucial needs that parents must have in caring adolescents’ sexual health risk behavior. Present study aims to determine predictors of parenting skills in preventing adolescents’ sexual... Parenting skill is one of the crucial needs that parents must have in caring adolescents’ sexual health risk behavior. Present study aims to determine predictors of parenting skills in preventing adolescents’ sexual health risk behavior. A cross sectional study was conducted among adolescents’ parents who attended government health clinics in a semi-urban district, West Malaysia. Data were collected by systematic random sampling using validated questionnaire from eight government health clinics based on routine daily out-patient services. There were 386 respondents participated with 98.9% of response rate. Parental skill is categorized as appropriate or inappropriate based on Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) staging. Eighteen independent variables were used: parental socioeconomic status, adolescent characteristic, parenting style, parent-adolescent communication, parental stress, perception on adolescent sexual risk, comfortable in discussing sexual issues, knowledge in sexual reproductive health (SRH) and knowledge in HIV/AIDS. Assessment of parenting skills using the TTM stage showed 139 respondents (36%) had inappropriate parenting skills, in which they were in pre contemplation, contemplation or preparedness stages, while 247 respondents (64%) showed appropriate parenting skills when they were in action and maintenance stages of TTM. Older parent, late adolescent, low parental education level, extended family living arrangement, comfortable in discussing sexual issues, good parent-adolescent communication and higher knowledge in HIV/AIDS were found significant in bivariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified older parent (AOR = 1.927, 95% CI = 1.889 - 1.966, p < 0.001), lower parental education (AOR = 2.394, 95% CI = 1.348 - 4.254, p = 0.003), comfortable in discussing sexual issues (AOR = 3.810, 95% CI = 1.622 - 8.948, p = 0.002), good parent-adolescent communication (AOR = 4.741, 95% CI = 2.478 - 9.071, p ≤ 0.001) and having higher knowledge on HIV/AIDS (AOR = 2.804, 95% CI = 1.528 - 5.147, p = 0.001) as significant predictors for appropriate parenting skills in preventing adolescent sexual health risk behavior. In conclusion, more than one third of parents were still not ready in preventing adolescent sexual risk behavior. Targeting the young parents and those having difficulty in communicating sexual issues with theirs adolescents should be emphasized in early intervention program for parents. Self-assessment using TTM stage questionnaire will help parents to identify their parenting skills in preventing adolescent sexual health risk behavior. 展开更多
关键词 Trans-Theoretical Model STAGING PARENTING SKILLS ADOLESCENT sexual risk Behavior
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Epidemiology of Sexual Behaviour with Risk of Sexually Transmissible Infection (STI) among Students in Africa: The Case of the University of Ouagadougou
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作者 C. M. R. Ouedraogo F. D. Millogo Traore +7 位作者 A. Ouattara A. Ouedraogo X. Kaboré D. P. Kain B. Yaméogo E. Komboigo M. Guinko J. Lankoandé 《Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology》 2016年第4期219-231,共13页
Objective: To study the sexual risk behaviors and their determining role in sexually transmissible infection (STI) and HIV among students of the University of Ouagadougou. Methodology: It was a descriptive and analyti... Objective: To study the sexual risk behaviors and their determining role in sexually transmissible infection (STI) and HIV among students of the University of Ouagadougou. Methodology: It was a descriptive and analytical single pass cross-sectional study from June 22 to July 21 2010 at the University of Ouagadougou. A cluster sampling in two stages was adopted to form a population of 762. Data were collected using a standardized written questionnaire completed by individual interview after informed consent. Results: The average age of students was 24.2 ± 2 years old for men and 23.7 ± 2 years old women. Singles represented 95.1% of students. The students were not scholarship grantees in 90.6% of the sample. Knowledge about STIs was average in 60.2% of cases. In total 33.65% of the students admitted to having had multiple sexual partners, 19.57% had sex with prostitutes, 34.62% had unprotected sex, 4% practiced sodomy without condoms and 3.1% of students had sex in group with one partner. In multivariate analysis, male gender was the determining factor associated with multiple sexual partner (OR = 3.30 95% CI = 2.19 to 4.95) and relations with prostitutes with an odds ratio of 16.13 (95 = 6.87% to 37.8%). The female gender was the determining factor associated with not using a condom with odds ratio of 1.5 (95% CI = 1.01 to 2.16). Conclusion: There are many risk behaviors for HIV transmission among students of the University of Ouagadougou. The urgent implementation of specific prevention programs to benefit this population is essential. 展开更多
关键词 risks sexual Behavior Student OUAGADOUGOU
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Risky Sexual Behaviour among Students of Tertiary Institutions in South-South, Nigeria: A Qualitative Study
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作者 Eunice Osuala Basil Ogbu Oluebube Udi 《Health》 2020年第9期1095-1104,共10页
<strong>Background:</strong> The prevalence and global trend of risky sexual behaviours are of concern due to its attendant health implications. Apparently, the social activities of teens and young adults ... <strong>Background:</strong> The prevalence and global trend of risky sexual behaviours are of concern due to its attendant health implications. Apparently, the social activities of teens and young adults predispose them to risky sexual behaviour than adults, as a result of peer pressure or influence. The prevalence and global trend of risky sexual behaviours are of concern due to its attendant health implications. The study was conducted in two tertiary institutions in Rivers State, Nigeria among sixteen (16) medical and nursing students of 100 and 200 levels within the ages of 16 and 22 years;eight (8) from each institution in September 2019. The two institutions are PAMO University of Medical Sciences and University of Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria. <strong>Aim:</strong> The study is aimed at eliciting information on awareness, knowledge, attitude and involvement in risky sexual behaviours amongst the students in tertiary institutions, South of Nigeria. Information is needed for a goal and result oriented intervention programme to curb the menace of risky sexual bebaviour. This motivated the researchers to adopt a qualitative study through which in-depth information on the matter could be harvested for an effective intervention. <strong>Materials and method:</strong> A Focus Group Discussion design was adopted for the study and consists of thirteen (13) open ended questions that guided the discussion. This was designed by the chief investigator and reviewed by experts in the field for the purpose of extracting relevant information from the participants. Purposeful sampling method was adopted to make sure age criteria and both sexes were equally represented. In-depth interview method was adopted to extract information from participants over two days. Information gathered was transcribed daily and summarized in themes based on objectives of the study. <strong>Result:</strong> The study revealed that the participants have good knowledge of what risky sexual behaviours mean as well as its consequences. Majority, especially the females condemned the act even though there was carefree attitude towards risky sexual behavior as deduced from the study as participants affirm that the “pleasure in sexual relationship whether risky or not overrides the consequences”. Majority of the participants affirmed to have been involved in a risky sexual behavior at one time or the other. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> Participants expressed thirst for information and remedies to reduce the incidence of risky sexual behaviours among young adults. The information gathered would guide an intervention programme to prevent and control risky sexual behavior which is considered of a public health importance. 展开更多
关键词 risk sexual Behaviour YOUTHS Tertiary Institution
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Male infertility: risk factors in Mongolian men 被引量:5
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作者 G.Bayasgalan D.Naranbat +2 位作者 J.Radnaabazar T.Lhagvasuren P.J.Rowe 《Asian Journal of Andrology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2004年第4期305-311,共7页
Aim: To determine the most common risk factors of male infertility in Mongolian men attending an infertility clinic. Methods: A prospective, case-control study was conducted in which 430 men were enrolled. All the men... Aim: To determine the most common risk factors of male infertility in Mongolian men attending an infertility clinic. Methods: A prospective, case-control study was conducted in which 430 men were enrolled. All the men had sought their first infertility evaluation between 1998-2002 in the State Research Center on Maternal Child Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. They were divided into two groups depending on the results of their semen analysis: 191 with abnormal semen and 239 with normal semen profile. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to determine any association between risk factors and semen abnormality. Results: Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the testicular volume, a history of sexually transmitted infections (STI), epididymitis and testicular damage all have statistically significant associations with semen abnormality, when controlled for multiple risk factors. Adjusted odds ratios of 3.4 for mumps orchitis, 2.3 for other orchitis and 3.9 for testicular injury were found. Gonorrhoea, the most commonly reported STIs in this study, gave an adjusted odds ratio of 1.0 for having one or more sperm abnormality. An adjusted odds ratio for subjects with a history of other STIs was 2.7. However, as a predictor of azoospermia, STIs had very high odds ratio, being 5.6 in patients with gonorrhoea and 7.6 in patients with other STIs. Conclusion: A history of pathology involving testicular damage appeared to have the strongest impact on male infertility in Mongolia. STIs have less impact on semen quality except when complicated by orchitis, epididymitis and vasal obstruction. 展开更多
关键词 male infertility semen quality risk factors AZOOSPERMIA sexually transmitted infections testis injury
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Reviews of Research on Risk Factors of Hepatitis C Virus Infection
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作者 Chao Meng Na Li +2 位作者 Zhaoxiao Tong Huangxin Yan Shenxiao Min 《国际感染病学(电子版)》 CAS 2015年第1期6-9,共4页
关键词 Hepatitis C virus risk factors Unsafe medical injections Injection drug use High-risk sexual behavior
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2013—2022年重庆市巴南片区新发现HIV/AIDS病例特征分析 被引量:1
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作者 胡巧 雷小念 +3 位作者 尹家奇 陈小玲 黄雪梅 王建 《中国初级卫生保健》 2024年第5期53-57,共5页
目的:了解重庆市巴南片区2013—2022年新发现人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/艾滋病(AIDS)病例的变化趋势和流行病学特征,为相关部门制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法:在重庆市艾滋病检测系统及巴南区艾滋病确证信息报告系统中,收集2013—2022年... 目的:了解重庆市巴南片区2013—2022年新发现人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)/艾滋病(AIDS)病例的变化趋势和流行病学特征,为相关部门制定防控策略提供参考依据。方法:在重庆市艾滋病检测系统及巴南区艾滋病确证信息报告系统中,收集2013—2022年巴南片区新发现HIV/AIDS病例的流行病学特征信息,并进行统计学分析。结果:2013—2022年重庆市巴南片区新发现HIV/AIDS病例6077例,病例数呈逐年上升趋势,年均增长率为13.21%;45岁以上人群新发现病例的占比呈明显上升趋势,年均增长率为24.97%;病例以男性为主,男女性别比为2.43∶1;婚姻状况以已婚为主,占51.69%;文化程度以小学及文盲为主,占39.66%;职业为农民最多,占35.54%;有55.29%的新发现HIV/AIDS病例是在医疗机构就医时被发现的;主要感染途径是通过异性性传播,占95.06%。结论:目前,重庆市巴南片区防控AIDS最有效的方法是减少人群高危性行为发生。相关部门应加强安全性教育,全面普及宣传AIDS的防治知识,提升居民特别是中老年群体AIDS防治、性健康意识、自我保护能力及风险意识,减少人群高危性行为的发生,增强人群的主动检测意识,扩大检测人群及检测量,从而进一步提升AIDS防治水平。 展开更多
关键词 人类免疫缺陷病毒/艾滋病 流行病学特征 疫情分析 高危性行为
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基于IMB模型的某医科大学大学生危险性行为中介效应分析
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作者 孔祥然 曹望楠 +2 位作者 施正丽 郑韵婷 史宇晖 《中国健康教育》 北大核心 2024年第9期827-830,共4页
目的 了解大学生艾滋病预防知识和能力,探索危险性行为发生的关键作用因素。方法 通过多阶段PPS-整群抽样,对某医科大学在校生进行问卷调查。基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型(IMB模型)构建问卷,采用中介效应模型验证行为技巧在动机对行为影... 目的 了解大学生艾滋病预防知识和能力,探索危险性行为发生的关键作用因素。方法 通过多阶段PPS-整群抽样,对某医科大学在校生进行问卷调查。基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型(IMB模型)构建问卷,采用中介效应模型验证行为技巧在动机对行为影响中的中介作用。结果 共回收有效问卷1424份,有效回收率99.37%。信息和动机是两个独立因素,通过行为技巧影响行为,信息对行为无直接作用。行为技巧在动机对行为的影响中起部分中介作用[a^(std)*b^(std)/(c'+a^(std)*b^(std))=15.24%]。结论 要根据大学生的特征从更贴近行为层面的作用因素制定针对性干预措施。 展开更多
关键词 艾滋病 危险性行为 IMB模型 中介效应
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慢性前列腺炎患者继发性功能障碍的临床特征分析 被引量:1
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作者 张粤辉 沈仕兴 +2 位作者 李承杰 符贻翻 符秀林 《中国性科学》 2024年第2期29-33,共5页
目的探讨慢性前列腺炎患者继发性功能障碍的临床特征及其影响因素。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月儋州市人民医院收治的497例慢性前列腺炎患者作为研究对象。根据是否继发性功能障碍分为观察组(n=202)和对照组(n=295),比较两组的临床资... 目的探讨慢性前列腺炎患者继发性功能障碍的临床特征及其影响因素。方法选取2019年1月至2022年12月儋州市人民医院收治的497例慢性前列腺炎患者作为研究对象。根据是否继发性功能障碍分为观察组(n=202)和对照组(n=295),比较两组的临床资料,分析慢性前列腺炎患者继发性功能障碍的临床特征及相关影响因素。结果两组体重指数(BMI)、吸烟史、婚姻状况、临床分型、前列腺压痛/钙化、前列腺液检测、性激素水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组年龄、无节制性生活、病程、饮酒史及盆底肌肉紧张占比比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组慢性前列腺炎症状评分(NIH-CPSI)、国际勃起功能指数问卷表-5(IIEF-5)评分显著高于对照组,合并有焦虑、抑郁占比更高,中国早泄患者性功能评分表-5(CIPE-5)评分显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、病程、病情严重程度、饮酒史、前列腺液白细胞计数(>10/HP)、盆底肌肉紧张、抑郁、焦虑是慢性前列腺炎继发性功能障碍的影响因素(P<0.05),且NHI-CPSI评分高、长病程、盆底肌肉紧张及焦虑是慢性前列腺炎继发性功能障碍的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论慢性前列腺炎继发性功能障碍患者多有年龄大、病程长、病情较严重、喜饮酒的特点,且症状严重程度、盆底肌肉紧张度、精神焦虑是慢性前列腺炎继发性功能障碍的独立危险因素。 展开更多
关键词 慢性前列腺炎 性功能障碍 危险因素 临床分析
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2型糖尿病女性性功能障碍相关危险因素分析
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作者 张净 吴立 +1 位作者 路丽 靳丽 《实用医技杂志》 2024年第8期539-543,共5页
目的探讨2型糖尿病女性性功能障碍(FSD)的特点,并分析其发生的相关危险因素。方法选择2022年9月至2023年12月我院内分泌科住院部门诊2型糖尿病女性患者252例,根据有无FSD,分为试验组1(单纯糖尿病组)120例、试验组2(糖尿病+FSD)132例。... 目的探讨2型糖尿病女性性功能障碍(FSD)的特点,并分析其发生的相关危险因素。方法选择2022年9月至2023年12月我院内分泌科住院部门诊2型糖尿病女性患者252例,根据有无FSD,分为试验组1(单纯糖尿病组)120例、试验组2(糖尿病+FSD)132例。同期健康女性138名作为对照组,采用女性性功能指数评分表(FSFI)问卷评估各组性功能,logistic回归分析危险因素。结果2型糖尿病FSD的发病率52.4%(132/252)高于对照组25.4%(35/138)。与对照组比较,试验组1和试验组2雌激素(E2)降低,卵泡刺激素、黄体生成素、孕激素升高(P<0.05);试验组1和试验组2比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与对照组相比,试验组1和试验组2性功能6个维度评分及总分均降低(P<0.05);与试验组1比较,试验组2性功能6个维度评分及总分均降低(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄、绝经、体质指数(BMI)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、25羟维生素D为2型糖尿病伴FSD的危险因素。结论2型糖尿病患者FSD发病率明显高于非糖尿病患者,年龄、绝经、BMI、HbA1c、25羟维生素D是其主要危险因素。 展开更多
关键词 糖尿病 2型 性功能障碍 生理性 危险因素
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辅助生殖技术中卵巢过度刺激综合征危险因素及针刺干预效果分析
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作者 王子涵 《华夏医学》 CAS 2024年第1期122-127,共6页
目的分析辅助生殖技术(ART)中发生卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的危险因素,观察针刺干预效果。方法选取123例实施ART治疗的不孕患者,将未发生OHSS的70例为对照组,将发生OHSS的53例为合并组,分析ART中发生OHSS的危险因素,观察针刺干预的效... 目的分析辅助生殖技术(ART)中发生卵巢过度刺激综合征(OHSS)的危险因素,观察针刺干预效果。方法选取123例实施ART治疗的不孕患者,将未发生OHSS的70例为对照组,将发生OHSS的53例为合并组,分析ART中发生OHSS的危险因素,观察针刺干预的效果。结果年龄、BMI、FSH、LH、AMH、扳机日E_(2)、AFC、Gn首次用药量、Gn总用量、Gn天数是影响不孕患者ART治疗中发生OHSS的独立因素。年龄<28岁、BMI<20 kg/m^(2)、LH≥5 mIU/mL、AMH≥4 ng/mL、AFC≥20个、Gn首次用药量>200 IU、Gn总用量>3000 IU、Gn时间>10 d、扳机日E_(2)水平>4000 pg/mL为导致不孕患者ART中发生OHSS的危险因素。针刺干预后,OHSS患者LH、AMH、全胚冻存率均低于干预前,获卵数量高于干预前(P<0.05)。结论年龄小、BMI指数低,LH、AMH水平高,AFC数量多,Gn用药量大、应用时间长以及扳机日E_(2)水平高均为ART期间诱发OHSS的危险因素。针刺干预可降低OHSS患者的性激素水平及全胚冻存率并提升获卵数。 展开更多
关键词 辅助生殖技术 卵巢刺激综合征 性激素 促性腺激素 危险因素 针刺干预
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我国城、乡高中生性行为发生的比较 被引量:26
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作者 宋逸 季成叶 +3 位作者 胡佩瑾 星一 张琳 陈天娇 《北京大学学报(医学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2013年第3期376-381,共6页
目的:了解中国城、乡高中生性行为发生现状,为制定适宜的性教育提供依据。方法:采取无记名自填问卷方式,按照分层整群抽样方法,对28个省级单位224 770名高中生进行中国青少年健康危险行为问卷调查。结果:我国高中生性行为的报告率为5.9%... 目的:了解中国城、乡高中生性行为发生现状,为制定适宜的性教育提供依据。方法:采取无记名自填问卷方式,按照分层整群抽样方法,对28个省级单位224 770名高中生进行中国青少年健康危险行为问卷调查。结果:我国高中生性行为的报告率为5.9%,城、乡分别为6.2%和5.2%(χ2=83.290,P<0.01),男、女生分别为8.8%和3.3%(χ2=2944.456,P<0.01)。在发生过性行为的学生中,被迫性行为报告率为44.6%,城、乡分别为43.5%和47.5%(χ2=16.237,P<0.01),男、女生分别为39.7%和55.8%(χ2=285.089,P<0.01)。Logistic回归分析发现,无论城、乡,男生、高年级、职业高中、长期不与父母同住、生活在西部地区都是高中生发生性行为的危险因素。城、乡被迫性行为发生的模式略有不同,但女生、普通高中、长期不与父母同住和生活在西部地区是高中生发生被迫性行为的危险因素。结论:为高中生,尤其是职业中学学生、长期不与父母同住的学生和西部地区学生进行科学、系统的性教育是十分必要的。 展开更多
关键词 性行为 危险因素 学生 青少年 性教育
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吸毒人员危险性性行为的评估及特征分析 被引量:6
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作者 罗丹 谌伟文 +2 位作者 丁彩兰 陈希 肖水源 《中南大学学报(医学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第11期1117-1123,共7页
目的:了解吸毒人员HIV感染危险性性行为发生现况及其相关因素。方法:以湖南省两所强制戒毒机构的323名吸毒人员作为调查样本,以面对面访谈方式,采用自编一般情况问卷、危险性性行为问卷、相关知识问卷和性态度开放程度量表进行调查。结... 目的:了解吸毒人员HIV感染危险性性行为发生现况及其相关因素。方法:以湖南省两所强制戒毒机构的323名吸毒人员作为调查样本,以面对面访谈方式,采用自编一般情况问卷、危险性性行为问卷、相关知识问卷和性态度开放程度量表进行调查。结果:调查时点前1年内,309名吸毒人员有效样本中,279人(90.3%)有固定性伴;27.5%(85/309)有多个固定性伴;临时性性行为发生率为38.2%(118/309),商业性性行为发生率为25.9%(80/309),既有商业性又有非商业性性行为的发生率为23.9%(74/309),多性伴性行为总发生率为62.8%(194/309)。总分为25分(25条目)的相关知识中位数得分为18分(P25=15,P75=20);总分为66分的性态度开放程度中位数评分为33分(P25=14,P75=38)。按照本研究界定的危险性性行为分级方法,经ordinal回归分析发现:女性、无稳定婚姻关系、有注射吸毒行为、既往有性传播疾病感染史是其性行为危险程度等级增高的危险因素,初次性行为年龄越低、性态度趋向保守是样本性行为危险程度增高的保护因素。结论:研究点吸毒人员有较高比例的危险性性行为,对该人群危险性性行为的有效干预对于预防和控制HIV向普通人群的扩散具有重要意义。 展开更多
关键词 吸毒人员 危险性性行为 评估 特征
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静脉吸毒人群HIV感染危险因素研究 被引量:24
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作者 阮玉华 姜正清 +5 位作者 陈显煌 陈康林 秦光明 刘石柱 何益新 邵一鸣 《中国公共卫生》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2003年第11期1353-1354,共2页
目的 了解四川省凉山地区静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染危险因素。方法 以社区为基础 ,调查静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染危险因素。结果 静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染率为 11 3 % (43 / 3 79)。在多因素Logistic回归模型分析中 (P <0 ... 目的 了解四川省凉山地区静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染危险因素。方法 以社区为基础 ,调查静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染危险因素。结果 静脉吸毒人群艾滋病病毒感染率为 11 3 % (43 / 3 79)。在多因素Logistic回归模型分析中 (P <0 0 5) ,共用注射器具 10次及以上的OR值为 2 0 3 4。在多因素Logistic回归模型分析中 (P <0 10 ) ,共用注射器具 10次及以上和近 6个月有新的性伙伴是艾滋病病毒感染的危险因素。 展开更多
关键词 艾滋病 共用注射器具 高危性行为 静脉吸毒人群 HIV 感染率 危险因素
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计划行为模型在HIV性风险行为领域的应用与发展 被引量:18
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作者 刘慧君 蔡艳芝 《心理科学进展》 CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2008年第1期124-133,共10页
整理和回顾了计划行为模型在HIV性风险行为领域的应用与进展。该模型在不同文化背景、不同样本中,对于HIV性风险行为呈现良好的解释力,但是其整体预测力及内部变量的显著程度仍不时波动。21世纪以来,通过核心变量操作化、新变量引入和... 整理和回顾了计划行为模型在HIV性风险行为领域的应用与进展。该模型在不同文化背景、不同样本中,对于HIV性风险行为呈现良好的解释力,但是其整体预测力及内部变量的显著程度仍不时波动。21世纪以来,通过核心变量操作化、新变量引入和结构关系调整,模型获得了较大的扩展和完善。但在模型效度再检验、纳入社会性别视角、克服个体行为模型缺陷,以及强化模型的干预适用性方面仍有较大的发展空间。 展开更多
关键词 HIV 性风险行为 计划行为模型 预防
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新型毒品滥用的成因与后果 被引量:76
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作者 夏国美 杨秀石 +1 位作者 李骏 缪佳 《社会科学》 CSSCI 北大核心 2009年第3期73-81,共9页
滥用新型毒品正在成为一个增长迅速并日益严重的社会问题。根据对上海730名新型毒品使用者问卷调查所取得的数据可知:新型毒品的滥用并不是一种孤立出现的现象,它与社会控制的薄弱、吸毒同伴与环境的影响以及追求感官刺激的人格特质有... 滥用新型毒品正在成为一个增长迅速并日益严重的社会问题。根据对上海730名新型毒品使用者问卷调查所取得的数据可知:新型毒品的滥用并不是一种孤立出现的现象,它与社会控制的薄弱、吸毒同伴与环境的影响以及追求感官刺激的人格特质有着明显的联系。新型毒品使用者,无论是多种毒品还是单一毒品的使用者,都比传统毒品使用者或不吸毒者表现出更大的通过性途径传播艾滋病的危险性。混合多种毒品使用,则会使感染或传播艾滋病的风险迅速升级。因此,必须采取有效行动遏制新型毒品的泛滥,强化对吸毒者的行为干预以降低性传播艾滋病的风险,并从理论和实践的层面建构起一种新的模式,以应对新型毒品滥用对社会和谐发展带来的挑战。 展开更多
关键词 新型毒品 危险性行为 艾滋病风险
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深圳市流动人口艾滋病相关性行为及影响因素分析 被引量:29
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作者 李玉艳 李娜 +5 位作者 周颖 刘宾益 于珊 张函 赵洪鑫 武俊青 《复旦学报(医学版)》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第3期304-309,共6页
目的了解深圳市流动人口的艾滋病相关行为及影响因素,为后续干预活动提供政策性建议。方法在深圳市盐田、罗湖、福田三区开展问卷调查。统计分析方法主要包括χ2检验和Logistic回归分析,统计软件采用SAS 8.02软件包。结果本次研究共调查... 目的了解深圳市流动人口的艾滋病相关行为及影响因素,为后续干预活动提供政策性建议。方法在深圳市盐田、罗湖、福田三区开展问卷调查。统计分析方法主要包括χ2检验和Logistic回归分析,统计软件采用SAS 8.02软件包。结果本次研究共调查1 014名对象,86.79%的调查对象年龄集中在20~40岁之间,812名对象有性生活。流动人口多性伴比例为47.41%,女性多性伴的危险性低于男性(OR=0.40,95%CI:0.28-0.56),首次性行为对象为非配偶的对象其多性伴的可能性高于首次性行为对象为配偶的对象(OR=3.87,95%CI:2.72-5.51)。有52.46%的研究对象近一年性生活中使用安全套,单因素分析显示不同性别、不同学历、不同收入、不同户口性质、不同艾滋病知识总分、不同的首次性行为对象以及不同性伴数量的对象,其安全套使用的比例有统计学差异。多因素结果显示性别、知识总分是安全套使用的主要影响因素。与男性相比,女性使用安全套的比例较低(OR=0.47,95%CI:0.34-0.65);与知识总分在60分以下的研究对象相比,知识总分在60分以上的研究对象使用安全套的比例高(OR=2.49,95%CI:1.84-3.36)。结论流动人口中普遍存在艾滋病相关高危行为,建议多部门协调合作,加强流动人口群体的艾滋病防治知识和保护意识的宣传,特别是对男性、首次性行为为非配偶的对象、艾滋病知识较低的对象进行干预。 展开更多
关键词 流动人口 艾滋病 高危性行为 安全套使用 影响因素 深圳
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