A Shared Natural Neighbors Based-Hierarchical Clustering Algorithm for Discovering Arbitrary-Shaped Clusters

In clustering algorithms,the selection of neighbors significantly affects the quality of the final clustering results.While various neighbor relationships exist,such as K-nearest neighbors,natural neighbors,and shared neighbors,most neighbor relationships can only handle single structural relationships,and the identification accuracy is low for datasets with multiple structures.In life,people’s first instinct for complex things is to divide them into multiple parts to complete.Partitioning the dataset into more sub-graphs is a good idea approach to identifying complex structures.Taking inspiration from this,we propose a novel neighbor method:Shared Natural Neighbors(SNaN).To demonstrate the superiority of this neighbor method,we propose a shared natural neighbors-based hierarchical clustering algorithm for discovering arbitrary-shaped clusters(HC-SNaN).Our algorithm excels in identifying both spherical clusters and manifold clusters.Tested on synthetic datasets and real-world datasets,HC-SNaN demonstrates significant advantages over existing clustering algorithms,particularly when dealing with datasets containing arbitrary shapes.

Shared decision making in rural general practices:a qualitative exploration of older rural South Australians'perceived involvement in clinical consultations with doctors

Background:Shared decision-making(SDM)implementation is a priority for Australian health systems,including general practices but it remains complex for specific groups like older rural Australians.We initiated a qualitative study with older rural Australians to explore barriers to and facilitators of SDM in local general practices.Methods:We conducted a patient-oriented research,partnering with older rural Australians,families,and health service providers in research design.Participants who visited general practices were purposively sampled from five small rural towns in South Australia.A semi-structured interview guide was used for interviews and reflexive thematic coding was conducted.Results:Telephone interviews were held with 27 participants.Four themes were identified around older rural adults’involvement in SDM:(1)Understanding of"patient involvement";(2)Positive and negative outcomes;(3)Barriers to SDM;and(4)Facilitators to SDM.Understanding of patient involvement in SDM considerably varied among participants,with some reporting their involvement was contingent on the“opportunity to ask questions”and the“treatment choices”offered to them.Alongside the opportunity for involvement,barriers such as avoidance of cultural care and a lack of continuity of care are new findings.Challenges encountered in SDM implementation also included resource constraints and time limitations in general practices.Rural knowledge of general practitioners and technology integration in consultations were viewed as potential enablers..Conclusion:Adequate resources and well-defined guidelines about the process should accompany the implementation of SDM in rural general practices of South Australia.Innovative strategies by general practitioners promoting health literacy and culturally-tailored communication approaches could increase older rural Australians'involvement in general.

An Exploration of the Three Dimensions and Epochal Strengths of Building a Human Community With a Shared Future

The idea of a human community with a shared future was proposed by the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core for the future development of human beings to face up to the most important question in today's world:“What is happening to the world and what should we do?”It profoundly answers the question of the world,history,and the times.The theory of a human community with a shared future is an innovative theory with a multidimensional formation logic that guides humanity toward continually seeking common interests and values.This paper dives into the profound motivations behind building a human community with a shared future from historical,cultural,and practical dimensions and analyzes its epochal value from both domestic and international perspectives.This not only helps exert China's role in the international community,contributing Chinese strength to the construction of a peaceful,stable,and prosperous human society,but also enhances the influence of the idea of a human community with a shared future in the international community,accelerating the building of a human community with a shared future that considers the legitimate concerns of all countries,and aiding in solving the crises facing the world.

A study on the influencing factors of rural tourism promoting households'shared prosperity in Yinan County of Shandong Province

This study examines the influencing factors of rural tourism in promoting shared prosperity among households,using the case study of Yinan County in Shandong province,China.The research aims to provide insights into the economic benefits experienced by low-income households in the context of rural tourism development.Based on field research conducted from April 8,2023,to May 17,2023,including interviews and site visits,the study constructs an evaluation index system to assess the influencing factors.Through expert scoring and the application of a weighted set-valued mathematical statistical model,the importance and quantification of each factor are determined.The results indicate that the current stage of promoting shared prosperity through rural tourism in Yinan County is primarily influenced by the scale of tourist consumption of external visitors.This factor outweighs others such as the participation capacity and willingness of low-income households,the capacity of investment enterprises,and the policies and financial allocation of the local government.The findings emphasize the significance of external visitor spending and highlight the need to address the obstacles faced by low-income households in accessing economic benefits.The evaluation index system and measurement model presented in this study offer a scientific basis for assessing and improving the income situation of low-income households in rural tourism development initiatives.However,it is crucial to note that the importance of these influencing factors may evolve with the lifecycle of the tourism destination.Future research should include long-term tracking and consider a broader range of indicators to deepen our understanding of their mechanisms and significance.Furthermore,alternative approaches and theories may provide valuable perspectives for further exploration in this field.

Youth Exchange“Harmony for Shared Prosperity”

Contemporary World Magazine,which is affiliated to the International Department of the CPC Central Committee(IDCPC),held an exchange act ivi ty themed on“Harmony for Shared Prosperity”in Beijing on May 7,2024.

Joint Management of Shared Resources, Issues and Conflicts of the Nso and Oku Tribes in the Ngongbaa Montane Forest Area, NWR of Cameroon

Wherever people live together in or near homelands that harbour joint natural resources such as forest, water, minerals, oil etc., they must collaborate, co-exist and share these resources irrespective of their genetic, social, cultural, and political peculiarities. This is not always the case when self-interest, ethnic divisions, elitist politics, economic interest and power tussle set in. The Nso and Oku people who reside in the Ngongbaa Forest area constitute an example of joint management of resources where at one period, their relationship over the management of the Oku Mountain Forest was cordial and at another, the relationship became conflictive. This study was designed to study the influence of the KIFP forest management policies on the Nso indigenous forest Management system in Ngongbaa Forest, and its implications. The data collected for the study was secured through the administration of a questionnaire to residents of 10 villages adjacent to the Ngongbaa Forest, and forest users who carried out livelihood activities there between 1963 and 2015. These forest user groups include beekeepers, rat trappers, grazers, mushroom gatherers, ground honey/tree honey harvesters, carvers, etc. The investigation also extended to the traditional leaders of Nso and Oku who are in charge of the land tenure systems. The findings show that the Oku Mountain Forest is jointly owned by the Nso and Oku people. The Nso own the eastern half of the forest known as Ngongbaa Forest while the Oku own the western half, known as the Kilum Forest. The cordial relationship that existed between these people ensured the conservation of the forest. But the conflicts that later set in, especially due to the creation of the Kilum Mountain Forest Project in 1987 later changed to the Kilum Ijim Forest Project (KIFP) in 1992 sidelined the local communities which was contrary to the dispositions of the new Cameroon forest law enacted in 1994. Thus, the indigenous conservation practices became ignored which the local population never digested well. This seriously jeopardized the wellbeing of the forest in general.

Bi-level model for shared parking decision-making based on parking lot assignment simulation

In order to carry out comprehensive decision-making of multi-class shared parking measures within a region, a bilevel model assisting decision-making is proposed. The upper level selects parkers＇ average satisfaction and the violation rate during peak hours as indices in object function, and sets probability distribution models describing dynamic parking demand of each site, the feasibility of shared parking scenarios and occupancy requirements during peak hours of each parking lot as restrictions. The simulation model in the lower level sets up rules to assign each parker in the random parking demand series to the proper parking lot. An iterative method is proposed to confirm the state of each parking lot at the start of formal simulations. Besides, two patterns linking initialization and formal simulation are presented to acquire multiple solutions. The results of the numerical examples indicate the effectiveness of the model and solution methods.

Shared-nothing并行事务数据库系统中规则的挖掘与更新算法

关联规则是数据挖掘中的一个重要研究内容 .本文提出了 Shared- nothing并行事务数据库系统 (简称SNPDBS)中一种快速的关联规则挖掘算法 SNPMAR,并考虑当最小支持度发生变化后 SNPDBS中关联规则的高效更新问题 ,提出了一种有效的关联规则更新算法 SNPIUA.

Normal families related to shared sets

We studied the normality criterion for families of meromorphic functions related to shared sets. Let F be a family of meromorphic functions on the unit disc △, a and b be distinct non-zero values, S={a,b}, and k be a positive integer. If for every f∈ F, i） the zeros of f（z） have a multiplicity of at least k＋ 1, and ii） E^-f（k）（S） lohtain in E^-f（S）, then F is normal on .4. At the same time, the corresponding results of normal function are also proved.

Research on Urban Memory-Oriented Shared Railway Landscape Design

The rapid development of urbanization leads to the transformation of urban industrial structure,resulting in prominent issues such as factory relocation and abandoned railway.As a city memory,abandoned railway implies rich material and spiritual connotations,and it comes to be a trend that abandoned railway is transformed into urban landscape.By illustrating the concept of urban memory and sharing,the paper divides the types of shared railway landscape from the perspective of urban memory,and analyzes relevant cases at home and abroad.On this basis,the design strategy of shared railway landscape is summarized to better awaken the memory of the city,to stimulate the emotion of citizens,and to continue the history and culture of the city.

Financial shared services in multinational corporations： Based on Motorola

The competition of Multinational Corporation is getting more and more intense with the economy globalization, requiring companies to standardize operations to stay competitive. Shared Services is an effective way of keeping costs down and improving efficiency by moving certain functions to one central location. Financial Shared Services is one of the typical representatives. In this essay, the advantages and disadvantages of Financial Shared Services will be discussed on the case of Motorola and explored with some possible solutions.

一种Shared-Nothing分布式数据库的构建方法

分布式数据库能够以相对低廉的代价满足海量数据分析处理的性能需求,兼具良好的可扩展性。文中采用Shared-Nothing架构及MySQL数据库来实现分布式数据库访问层的功能架构及模块设计,提出了使用列存储机制提升分布式数据库系统查询性能的思路,包括数据存储的方法及策略。对所设计实现的系统进行了基准性能测试及扩展性能测试,结果表明,文中所实现系统相较传统列式数据库具有出色的查询性能表现,同时具有优秀的可扩展性,能够以较低的代价满足海量数据分析处理所带来的额外数据库性能提升要求。

A Shared Journey,A Shared Dream

Afilm is a language, says Martin Mhando, Curator and CEO of the Zanzibar International Film Festival （ZIFF）. ＂because a film is about breaking narrative conventions, and about diversity.＂ Mhando loves films. He loves making them and curating them. His first full feature Maangarnizi.. The Ancient One is a 2001 American-Tanzanian drama co-directed with Ron Mulvihill, an American director of photography and film producer. After premier- ing at the Pan African Film Festival the same year, it was screened in 55 film festivals worldwide, winning several awards.

Decision-Making in Driver-Automation Shared Control:A Review and Perspectives

Shared control schemes allow a human driver to work with an automated driving agent in driver-vehicle systems while retaining the driver’s abilities to control.The human driver,as an essential agent in the driver-vehicle shared control systems,should be precisely modeled regarding their cognitive processes,control strategies,and decision-making processes.The interactive strategy design between drivers and automated driving agents brings an excellent challenge for human-centric driver assistance systems due to the inherent characteristics of humans.Many open-ended questions arise,such as what proper role of human drivers should act in a shared control scheme?How to make an intelligent decision capable of balancing the benefits of agents in shared control systems?Due to the advent of these attentions and questions,it is desirable to present a survey on the decision making between human drivers and highly automated vehicles,to understand their architectures,human driver modeling,and interaction strategies under the driver-vehicle shared schemes.Finally,we give a further discussion on the key future challenges and opportunities.They are likely to shape new potential research directions.

Shared and Service-oriented CNC Machining System for Intelligent Manufacturing Process

To improve efficiency, reduce cost, ensure quality effectively, researchers on CNC machining have focused on virtual machine tool, cloud manufacturing, wireless manufacturing. However, low level of information shared among different systems is a common disadvantage. In this paper, a machining database with data evaluation module is set up to ensure integrity and update. An online monitoring system based on internet of things and multi-sensors ＂feel＂ a variety of signal features to ＂percept＂ the state in CNC machining process. A high efficiency and green machining parameters optimization system ＂execute＂ service-oriented manufacturing, intelligent manufacturing and green manufacturing. The intelligent CNC machining system is applied in production. CNC machining database effectively shares and manages process data among different systems. The prediction accuracy of online monitoring system is up to 98.8% by acquiring acceleration and noise in real time. High efficiency and green machining parameters optimization system optimizes the original processing parameters, and the calculation indicates that optimized processing parameters not only improve production efficiency, but also reduce carbon emissions. The application proves that the shared and service-oriented CNC machining system is reliable and effective. This research presents a shared and service-oriented CNC machining system for intelligent manufacturing process.

Management of gastroesophageal reflux disease: Patient and physician communication challenges and shared decision making

Gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) is a common upper esophageal condition and typical symptoms can include heartburn and sensation of regurgitation while atypical symptoms include chronic cough, asthma, hoarseness, dyspepsia and nausea. Typically, diag-nosis is presumptive given the presence of typical and atypical symptoms and is an indication for empiric therapy. Treatment management can include lifestyle modifications and/or medication therapy with proton pump inhibitor(PPI) class being the preferred and most effective. Complete symptom resolution is not always achieved and long-term PPI therapy can put patients at risk for serious side effects and needless expense. The brain-gut connection and hypervigilance plays an important role in symptom resolution and treatment success, especially in the case of non-PPI responders. Hypervigilance is a combination of increased esophageal sensory sensitivity in combination with exaggerated threat perception surrounding esophageal symptoms. Hypervigilance requires a different approach to GERD managements, where continued PPI therapy and surgery are usually not recommended. Rather, helping physicians and patients understand the brain-gut connection can guide and improve care.Education and reassurance should be the main pillars or treatment. However, it is important not to suggest the symptoms are due to anxiety alone, this often leads to patient dissatisfaction. Patient dissatisfaction with treatment reveals the need for a more patient-centered approach to GERD management and better communication between patients and providers. Shared decision making(SDM) with the incorporation of patient-reported outcomes(PRO) promotes patient adherence and satisfaction. SDM is a joint discussion between clinician and patient in which a mutually shared solution is explored for GERD symptoms. For SDM to work the physician needs to capture patients' perceptions which may not be obtained in the standard interview. This can be done through the use of PROs which promote a dialogue with patients about their symptoms and treatment priorities in the context of the SDM patient encounter. SDM could potentially help in the management of patient expectations for GERD treatment, ultimately positively impacting their health-related quality of life.

Shared Control of Highly Automated Vehicles Using Steer-By-Wire Systems

A shared control of highly automated Steer-by-Wire system is proposed for cooperative driving between the driver and vehicle in the face of driver's abnormal driving. A fault detection scheme is designed to detect the abnormal driving behaviour and transfer the control of the car to the automatic system designed based on a fault tolerant model predictive control(MPC) controller driving the vehicle along an optimal safe path.The proposed concept and control algorithm are tested in a number of scenarios representing intersection, lane change and different types of driver's abnormal behaviour. The simulation results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method.

Evaluation index system of shared energy storage market towards renewable energy accommodation scenario:A China’s Qinghai province context

With the ever-increased installed capacity of renewable energy generation units in a power system,the so-called shared energy storage(SES),a novel business model under the umbrella of the shared economy principle,has the potential to play an essential role in the accommodation of renewable energy generation.However,unified evaluation standards and methods,which can help decision-makers analyze the performance of the SES market,are still not available.In this paper,an evaluation index system of the SES market is designed based on the trading rules of China’s Qinghai province and the structure-conduct-performance(SCP)analytical model.Moreover,the definition and characteristics of the indices,which can show the performance of the SES market from different perspectives,are given.Furthermore,the ideal cases are presented as the evaluation benchmark based on the development expectation of the SES market,and the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)and the technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution(TOPSIS)are applied to evaluate the SES market comprehensively.Finally,a case study based on actual data of the SES trading pilot project in Qinghai shows that the evaluation index system can reflect the operation status,existing problems and influencing factors of the SES market.

Core-based Shared Tree Multicast Routing Algorithms for LEO Satellite IP Networks

A new core-based shared tree algorithm, viz core-cluster combination-based shared tree （CCST） algorithm and the weighted version （i.e. w-CCST algorithm） are proposed in order to resolve the channel resources waste problem in typical source-based multicast routing algorithms in low earth orbit （LEO） satellite IP networks. The CCST algorithm includes the dynamic approximate center （DAC） core selection method and the core-cluster combination multicast route construction scheme. Without complicated onboard computation, the DAC method is uniquely developed for highly dynamic networks of periodical and regular movement. The core-cluster combination method takes core node as the initial core-cluster, and expands it stepwise to construct an entire multicast tree at the lowest tree cost by a shortest path scheme between the newly-generated core-cluster and surplus group members, which results in great bandwidth utilization. Moreover, the w-CCST algorithm is able to strike a balance between performance of tree cost and that of end-to-end propagation delay by adjusting the weighted factor to meet strict end-to-end delay requirements of some real-time multicast services at the expense of a slight increase in tree cost. Finally, performance comparison is conducted between the proposed algorithms and typical algorithms in LEO satellite IP networks. Simulation results show that the CCST algorithm significantly decreases the average tree cost against to the others, and also the average end-to-end propagation delay ofw-CCST algorithm is lower than that of the CCST algorithm.

PSA-based prostate cancer screening： the role of active surveillance and informed and shared decision making

Since the first publication describing the identification of prostate-specific antigen （PSA） in the 1960s, much progress has been made. The PSA test changed from being initially a monitoring tool to being also used as a diagnostic tool. Over time, the test has been heavily debated due to its lack of sensitivity and specificity. However, up to now the PSA test is still the only biomarker for the detection and monitoring of prostate cancer. PSA-based screening for prostate cancer is associated with a high proportion of unnecessary testing and overdiagnosis with subsequent overtreatment. In the early years of screening for prostate cancer, high rates of uptake were very important. However, over time the opinion on PSA-based screening has shifted towards the notion of informed choice. Nowadays, it is thought to be unethical to screen men without them being aware of the pros and cons of PSA testing, as well as the fact that an informed choice is related to better patient outcomes. Now, as the results of three major screening studies have been presented and the downsides of screening are becoming better understood, informed choice is becoming more relevant.