Video Sharing Sites’ Fault Identification in Indirect Copyright Infringements

Under the guidance of “technical value theory” taking both the natural and social attributes of technique into consideration, the fault in indirect infringements of copyrights by video sharing websites includes two forms:“intention” and “negligence”. As an objective criterion of negligence identification, the duty of care, is the natural extension of the security obligation in cyberspace;for a video sharing website, the foreseeable obligation of infringements is the main content of the duty of care;and it is highlighted that the degree of the duty of care hinges on different factors. For the form of liability, a video sharing website faces the difficulties of excessive costs in debt recovery after assuming the complementary liability, joint and several liability is thus alienated as an aggravating responsibility. However, according to the causative potency between the fault of a video sharing website and the infringement results, the several/shared liability can avoid the overburden to a video sharing website and distribute the risks of inadequate compensation based on the principle of fairness.

社会管理责任分解初探

从我国社会现行管理模式来看，其框架是合理的，领导与被领导的关系是明确的。但由于没有以任何形式规定出的具体的、数量化的责任分解，致使目前的社会管理工作存在着一些严重的、根本性的问题。应依据一定原则，对社会管理责任进行量化分解，进行失责分值统计。

视频分享网站著作权间接侵权的过错认定

在兼顾技术的自然属性和社会属性的"技术价值论"视野下,视频分享网站在著作权间接侵权中的过错可分为"故意"和"过失"两种形态。而作为过失认定的客观标准,注意义务在性质上系安全保障义务在网络空间的自然延伸,以侵权结果预见义务为视频分享网站注意义务的主要内容,并强调依据不同行为对象设置不同程度的注意义务。对于过错责任形式,由于视频分享网站在承担补充责任后面临追偿成本过高的困境,形式上的连带责任异化为加重的自己责任,而根据视频分享网站的过错和与损害结果之间的原因力,按份责任能够避免视频分享网站承担过重责任,在公平原则的基础上合理分配损害赔偿不能的风险。

当代中国母职行为的价值困境:由来、纾解与亲职倡导

当代中国母职行为呈现出价值过载和形神分立的现象。伴随着改革开放、市场经济发展和技术进步,单位生活的形式与内容剧烈变化,单位能够提供的母职行为方面的支持日渐式微;加上旨在降低生育率的计划生育政策在全国的严格执行,助推了母职行为重担越来越多地落到小家庭的身上。在越来越强的市场竞争氛围中,看重孩子养育质量的母职行为越来越成为时代的主流。旧的伦理生活已经远去,而新的生活伦理尚未真正有效地确立起来,这正是当代中国母职行为价值困境的根源所在。纾解之道是让家真正复归为社会的细胞组织,基于爱来塑造“母职行为,人人尽责”的、强调亲职观念的家庭,并遵循自由、平等、公正、法治的原则来构建当代家庭友好型社会文化。