[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The co...[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The cotton cotyledons germinated in dark moisture chamber for one week were chopped with a sharp sterile scalpel in a Petri dish which contained ice-cold nucleus isolation buffer (10 mmol/L MgSO4, 5 mmol/L KCl, 0.5 mmol/L HEPES, 1 mg/ml DTT, 0.25% Triton X-100 and 2% PVP40), then the nuclei were collected after selected through 100, 50 and 30 μm nylon meshes and centrifugation. Meanwhile, the tender leaves and cotyledons with different germination time in dark were treated by grinding method and sharp scalpel method. [Result] The chopping with a sharp scalpel method was very simple and rapid, which did not need grind and mercaptoethanol treatment and the successful extraction rate was 100%.[Conclusion] An efficient method of nuclei extraction of cotton with simple, high efficiency, rapid reaction and poison free were established.展开更多
The salt intrusion phenomenon is caused by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">overexploitation</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of aquifer...The salt intrusion phenomenon is caused by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">overexploitation</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of aquifers in coastal areas. This physical phenomenon has been the subject of numerous </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">studies and numerous methods have been proposed, with the aim of protecting the quality of the water in these aquifers. This work proposes a two-dimensional</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> saline intrusion model using the sharp interface approach and the level set method. It consists of a parabolic equation modeling the underground flow and a hyperbolic Equation (the level set equation) which makes it possible to track the evolution of the interface. High</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">order numerical schemes such as the space scheme </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WENO5</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and the third</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">order time scheme </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">TVD</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">RK</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were used for the numerical resolution of the hyperbolic equation. To limit the tightening of the contour curves of the level set function, the </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">redistanciation</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reinitialization</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> algorithm proposed by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sussma </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">et al.</span></i></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (1994) was used. To ensure the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method, two tests relating to the standard Henry problem and the modified Henry problem were performed. Recall that Henry’s problem uses the variable density modeling approach in a confined and homogeneous aquifer. By comparing the results obtained by the level set method with </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reinitialization</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">LSMR</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and those obtained by Henry (1964), and by Simpson and Clement (2004), we see in the two test cases that the level set method reproduces well the toe, the tip and the </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">behaviour</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the interface. These results correspond to the results obtained by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Abarca</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for Henry’s problem with constant dispersion coefficients. The results obtained with </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">LSMR</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, reproduced the interface with a slight spacing compared to those obtained by Henry. According to </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Abarca</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (2006), this spacing is due to the absence of the longitudinal and </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">transversal</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> dispersion coefficients in the model.展开更多
为了提高蓝莓花青素的包埋率,采用超声波辅助锐孔法制备蓝莓花青素微胶囊,分别研究单因素实验、正交实验、四因素二次回归正交旋转组合实验包埋条件对包埋率的影响.结果表明,蓝莓花青素微胶囊最佳包埋条件为:1.0 mL 40%花青素粗提原液与...为了提高蓝莓花青素的包埋率,采用超声波辅助锐孔法制备蓝莓花青素微胶囊,分别研究单因素实验、正交实验、四因素二次回归正交旋转组合实验包埋条件对包埋率的影响.结果表明,蓝莓花青素微胶囊最佳包埋条件为:1.0 mL 40%花青素粗提原液与7.0 mL 6.0%乳酸钙混合液为芯材,4.0 mL 0.8%海藻酸钠与果胶为壁材,在超声功率40 kHz、超声温度35℃、超声时间30 min条件下制备微胶囊,此时包埋率高达84.57%,球状效果好,颜色鲜艳;通过四因素二次回归正交旋转组合设计进行实验,得回归方程为y=81.886-5.632x_(1),预测蓝莓花青素粗提原液体积在1.0~2.0 mL时包埋率较高.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30170501)the State of New Varieties of GMO Cultivation Major Projects (No.2008ZX08005-003)the National High-tech Research Development Plan (No.2003AA207051)~~
文摘[Objective] The experiment aimed to study an efficient method of Nuclei extraction of cotton and provided technical support for constructing large-insert genomic library and sequencing complete genome. [Method] The cotton cotyledons germinated in dark moisture chamber for one week were chopped with a sharp sterile scalpel in a Petri dish which contained ice-cold nucleus isolation buffer (10 mmol/L MgSO4, 5 mmol/L KCl, 0.5 mmol/L HEPES, 1 mg/ml DTT, 0.25% Triton X-100 and 2% PVP40), then the nuclei were collected after selected through 100, 50 and 30 μm nylon meshes and centrifugation. Meanwhile, the tender leaves and cotyledons with different germination time in dark were treated by grinding method and sharp scalpel method. [Result] The chopping with a sharp scalpel method was very simple and rapid, which did not need grind and mercaptoethanol treatment and the successful extraction rate was 100%.[Conclusion] An efficient method of nuclei extraction of cotton with simple, high efficiency, rapid reaction and poison free were established.
文摘The salt intrusion phenomenon is caused by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">overexploitation</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of aquifers in coastal areas. This physical phenomenon has been the subject of numerous </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">studies and numerous methods have been proposed, with the aim of protecting the quality of the water in these aquifers. This work proposes a two-dimensional</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> saline intrusion model using the sharp interface approach and the level set method. It consists of a parabolic equation modeling the underground flow and a hyperbolic Equation (the level set equation) which makes it possible to track the evolution of the interface. High</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">order numerical schemes such as the space scheme </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">WENO5</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and the third</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">order time scheme </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">TVD</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">RK</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> were used for the numerical resolution of the hyperbolic equation. To limit the tightening of the contour curves of the level set function, the </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">redistanciation</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> or </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reinitialization</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> algorithm proposed by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Sussma </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">et al.</span></i></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (1994) was used. To ensure the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method, two tests relating to the standard Henry problem and the modified Henry problem were performed. Recall that Henry’s problem uses the variable density modeling approach in a confined and homogeneous aquifer. By comparing the results obtained by the level set method with </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">reinitialization</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (</span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">LSMR</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) and those obtained by Henry (1964), and by Simpson and Clement (2004), we see in the two test cases that the level set method reproduces well the toe, the tip and the </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">behaviour</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of the interface. These results correspond to the results obtained by </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Abarca</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for Henry’s problem with constant dispersion coefficients. The results obtained with </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">LSMR</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">, reproduced the interface with a slight spacing compared to those obtained by Henry. According to </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Abarca</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (2006), this spacing is due to the absence of the longitudinal and </span><u><span style="font-family:Verdana;">transversal</span></u><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> dispersion coefficients in the model.
文摘为了提高蓝莓花青素的包埋率,采用超声波辅助锐孔法制备蓝莓花青素微胶囊,分别研究单因素实验、正交实验、四因素二次回归正交旋转组合实验包埋条件对包埋率的影响.结果表明,蓝莓花青素微胶囊最佳包埋条件为:1.0 mL 40%花青素粗提原液与7.0 mL 6.0%乳酸钙混合液为芯材,4.0 mL 0.8%海藻酸钠与果胶为壁材,在超声功率40 kHz、超声温度35℃、超声时间30 min条件下制备微胶囊,此时包埋率高达84.57%,球状效果好,颜色鲜艳;通过四因素二次回归正交旋转组合设计进行实验,得回归方程为y=81.886-5.632x_(1),预测蓝莓花青素粗提原液体积在1.0~2.0 mL时包埋率较高.