The ruin of several civil engineering works occurs due to shear rupture of the ground. When the stress is greater than the shear resistance, the internal friction angle and the cohesion of the soil loosen and rupture ...The ruin of several civil engineering works occurs due to shear rupture of the ground. When the stress is greater than the shear resistance, the internal friction angle and the cohesion of the soil loosen and rupture occurs. Cement and lime are often used to stabilize soils and improve soil strength. The costs and environmental problems of these technologies raise concerns and challenge researchers to innovate with clean, inexpensive materials, accessible to the most disadvantaged social classes. The question that this study seeks to answer is whether the binders derived from plant tannins, which also stabilize soils, improve the shear resistance of these soils. To do this, we determined for silty sand the shear parameters, notably the cohesion and the angle of internal friction in the non-stabilized state and when they are stabilized with the powder of the bark of the Bridelia under different water states. The results show that the addition of Bridelia powder to silty sand increases the cohesion of the soil by nearly 70.71% and the friction angle by 4.31%. But in unfavourable water conditions, the cohesion and internal friction angle of the silty sand material improved with Bridelia bark powder drops drastically by nearly 81.56%. but does not dissolve completely as for the same material. When it is not stabilized. This information is an invaluable contribution in the search for solutions to increase the durability of earthen constructions by improving the water-repellent properties of soils.展开更多
This paper studies some interesting features of two-dimensional granular shearing flow by using molecular dynamic approach for a specific granular system. The obtained results show that the probability distribution fu...This paper studies some interesting features of two-dimensional granular shearing flow by using molecular dynamic approach for a specific granular system. The obtained results show that the probability distribution function of velocities of particles is Gaussian at the central part, but diverts from Gaussian distribution nearby the wall. The macroscopic stress along the vertical direction has large fluctuation around a constant value, the non-zero average velocity occurs mainly near the moving wall, which forms a shearing zone.. In the shearing movement, the volume of the granular material behaves in a random manner. The equivalent fl＇iction coefficient between moving slab and granular material correlates with the moving speed at low velocity, and approaches constant as the velocity is large enough.展开更多
By minimizing the enthalpy of packings of frictionless particles, we obtain jammed solids at desired pressures and hence investigate the jamming transition with and without shear. Typical scaling relations of the jamm...By minimizing the enthalpy of packings of frictionless particles, we obtain jammed solids at desired pressures and hence investigate the jamming transition with and without shear. Typical scaling relations of the jamming transition are recovered in both cases. In contrast to systems without shear, shear-driven jamming transition occurs at a higher packing fraction and the jammed solids are more rigid with an anisotropic force network. Furthermore, by introducing the macrofriction coefficient, we propose an explanation of the packing fraction gap between sheared and non-sheared systems at fixed pressure.展开更多
Fibre-matrix interface is known to have contribution to the mechanical performance of fibre-reinforced composite by its potential for load transfer between the fibre and the matrix. Such load transfer is of great impo...Fibre-matrix interface is known to have contribution to the mechanical performance of fibre-reinforced composite by its potential for load transfer between the fibre and the matrix. Such load transfer is of great importance in dentistry when a post is used for fixing a ceramic crown on the tooth. In this study, a pull-out test was carried out to analyse the interfacial properties of a steel fibre embedded in a polyester and epoxy matrices. It was found that the fibre-matrix interface is debonded on the whole embedded length when the fibre stress reached the debonding stress. Then, the fibre stress fell down to the initial extraction stress required to pulling out the debonded fibre from the matrix. Both debonding stress and initial extraction stress initiated a linear increase with the implantation length after the debonding stress reached horizontal asymptotes. To analyse the fibre-matrix load transfer before debonding, an analytical shear-lag model was adopted to in this test conditions. Fitting the experimental results with the analytical model provided the interfacial shear strength. By considering the Coulomb friction at the fibre-matrix interface during the fibre extraction process, an analytical model which considers Poisson＇s effects on both fibre and matrix, was developed. In this model, knowledge of the initial extraction stress of the fibre provides the residual normal stress at the fibre-matrix interface.展开更多
With the increasing demand for lightweight and lower fuel consumption and safety of automobile industry, lightweight materials of high strength steel (HSS) are more and more widely used. The hot stamping technology, w...With the increasing demand for lightweight and lower fuel consumption and safety of automobile industry, lightweight materials of high strength steel (HSS) are more and more widely used. The hot stamping technology, which is determined by the inherent mechanical properties of high strength steel, makes molds prone to wear failure in the harsh service environments. In this paper, a finite element model is proposed for analyzing the value and distributions law of friction shear stress of contact surface of the pin disk. Through the simulation process of sliding wear, two kinds of different cladding materials of the pin specimens including H13 and Fe65, were experimented under three different loads by using the software ABAQUS. And then the pin-on- disk wear test at elevated temperature was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the simula-tion results. The results showed that the friction shear stress of pin with iron-based cladding and H13 steel was different under different loads, but the distribution was basically the same;the normal friction shear stress increased gradually along the direction of the pin movement, and the tangential shear stress increased gradually from the center of the pin to the outside of the circle;the value of the friction shear stress of the normal joints on the contact surface was periodically fluctuating in the whole dynamic analysis step, while it was basically stable in the tangential direction.展开更多
Presentation of empirical equations for estimating engineering properties of soils is a simple, low cost and widely-used method. One of the major concerns in using these equations is evaluating their accuracy in diffe...Presentation of empirical equations for estimating engineering properties of soils is a simple, low cost and widely-used method. One of the major concerns in using these equations is evaluating their accuracy in different conditions and regions which often lead to doubts about obtained results. Most of these equations were derived in special laboratories, different climate conditions and in soils with different geotechnical and geological engineering properties and were generalized to other conditions. The main question is that whether these methods are also applicable to other conditions. Using local equations and narrowing the usage range of various methods based on each region’s properties are appropriate methods to solve these problems. This leads to simplified and faster analysis and high reliability in the obtained results. In this paper, empirical equations were derived to estimate internal friction angle, based on SPT numbers of Mashhad City’s soils in Iran, using SPT and direct shear tests results from 50 samples (25 GW and 25 GC soil samples). The results showed similar values for predicted?φ?values by SPT test and?φ?values determined by direct shear tests.展开更多
Stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding （SSFSLW） was successfully used to weld 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy in this paper. Effect of pin rotating speed on cross section morphologies and lap shear strength of the SS...Stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding （SSFSLW） was successfully used to weld 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy in this paper. Effect of pin rotating speed on cross section morphologies and lap shear strength of the SSFSLW joints were mainly discussed. Results show that joints without flash and shoulder marks can be obtained by the stationary shoulder. Cross section of the SSFSLW joint presents a basin-like morphology and little material loss. By increasing the rotating speed from 1 000 rpm to 1 600 rpm, both effective sheet thickness and lap width increase, while lap shear failure load firstly decreases and then increases. The maximum failure load of 14. 05 kN /s attained when 1 000 rpm is used. All SSFSLW joints present shear fracture mode.展开更多
文摘The ruin of several civil engineering works occurs due to shear rupture of the ground. When the stress is greater than the shear resistance, the internal friction angle and the cohesion of the soil loosen and rupture occurs. Cement and lime are often used to stabilize soils and improve soil strength. The costs and environmental problems of these technologies raise concerns and challenge researchers to innovate with clean, inexpensive materials, accessible to the most disadvantaged social classes. The question that this study seeks to answer is whether the binders derived from plant tannins, which also stabilize soils, improve the shear resistance of these soils. To do this, we determined for silty sand the shear parameters, notably the cohesion and the angle of internal friction in the non-stabilized state and when they are stabilized with the powder of the bark of the Bridelia under different water states. The results show that the addition of Bridelia powder to silty sand increases the cohesion of the soil by nearly 70.71% and the friction angle by 4.31%. But in unfavourable water conditions, the cohesion and internal friction angle of the silty sand material improved with Bridelia bark powder drops drastically by nearly 81.56%. but does not dissolve completely as for the same material. When it is not stabilized. This information is an invaluable contribution in the search for solutions to increase the durability of earthen constructions by improving the water-repellent properties of soils.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 10872005 and 10128204)
文摘This paper studies some interesting features of two-dimensional granular shearing flow by using molecular dynamic approach for a specific granular system. The obtained results show that the probability distribution function of velocities of particles is Gaussian at the central part, but diverts from Gaussian distribution nearby the wall. The macroscopic stress along the vertical direction has large fluctuation around a constant value, the non-zero average velocity occurs mainly near the moving wall, which forms a shearing zone.. In the shearing movement, the volume of the granular material behaves in a random manner. The equivalent fl＇iction coefficient between moving slab and granular material correlates with the moving speed at low velocity, and approaches constant as the velocity is large enough.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11702289,11734014,and 11574278)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.1708085QA07)
文摘By minimizing the enthalpy of packings of frictionless particles, we obtain jammed solids at desired pressures and hence investigate the jamming transition with and without shear. Typical scaling relations of the jamming transition are recovered in both cases. In contrast to systems without shear, shear-driven jamming transition occurs at a higher packing fraction and the jammed solids are more rigid with an anisotropic force network. Furthermore, by introducing the macrofriction coefficient, we propose an explanation of the packing fraction gap between sheared and non-sheared systems at fixed pressure.
文摘Fibre-matrix interface is known to have contribution to the mechanical performance of fibre-reinforced composite by its potential for load transfer between the fibre and the matrix. Such load transfer is of great importance in dentistry when a post is used for fixing a ceramic crown on the tooth. In this study, a pull-out test was carried out to analyse the interfacial properties of a steel fibre embedded in a polyester and epoxy matrices. It was found that the fibre-matrix interface is debonded on the whole embedded length when the fibre stress reached the debonding stress. Then, the fibre stress fell down to the initial extraction stress required to pulling out the debonded fibre from the matrix. Both debonding stress and initial extraction stress initiated a linear increase with the implantation length after the debonding stress reached horizontal asymptotes. To analyse the fibre-matrix load transfer before debonding, an analytical shear-lag model was adopted to in this test conditions. Fitting the experimental results with the analytical model provided the interfacial shear strength. By considering the Coulomb friction at the fibre-matrix interface during the fibre extraction process, an analytical model which considers Poisson＇s effects on both fibre and matrix, was developed. In this model, knowledge of the initial extraction stress of the fibre provides the residual normal stress at the fibre-matrix interface.
文摘With the increasing demand for lightweight and lower fuel consumption and safety of automobile industry, lightweight materials of high strength steel (HSS) are more and more widely used. The hot stamping technology, which is determined by the inherent mechanical properties of high strength steel, makes molds prone to wear failure in the harsh service environments. In this paper, a finite element model is proposed for analyzing the value and distributions law of friction shear stress of contact surface of the pin disk. Through the simulation process of sliding wear, two kinds of different cladding materials of the pin specimens including H13 and Fe65, were experimented under three different loads by using the software ABAQUS. And then the pin-on- disk wear test at elevated temperature was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the simula-tion results. The results showed that the friction shear stress of pin with iron-based cladding and H13 steel was different under different loads, but the distribution was basically the same;the normal friction shear stress increased gradually along the direction of the pin movement, and the tangential shear stress increased gradually from the center of the pin to the outside of the circle;the value of the friction shear stress of the normal joints on the contact surface was periodically fluctuating in the whole dynamic analysis step, while it was basically stable in the tangential direction.
文摘Presentation of empirical equations for estimating engineering properties of soils is a simple, low cost and widely-used method. One of the major concerns in using these equations is evaluating their accuracy in different conditions and regions which often lead to doubts about obtained results. Most of these equations were derived in special laboratories, different climate conditions and in soils with different geotechnical and geological engineering properties and were generalized to other conditions. The main question is that whether these methods are also applicable to other conditions. Using local equations and narrowing the usage range of various methods based on each region’s properties are appropriate methods to solve these problems. This leads to simplified and faster analysis and high reliability in the obtained results. In this paper, empirical equations were derived to estimate internal friction angle, based on SPT numbers of Mashhad City’s soils in Iran, using SPT and direct shear tests results from 50 samples (25 GW and 25 GC soil samples). The results showed similar values for predicted?φ?values by SPT test and?φ?values determined by direct shear tests.
文摘Stationary shoulder friction stir lap welding （SSFSLW） was successfully used to weld 6005A-T6 aluminum alloy in this paper. Effect of pin rotating speed on cross section morphologies and lap shear strength of the SSFSLW joints were mainly discussed. Results show that joints without flash and shoulder marks can be obtained by the stationary shoulder. Cross section of the SSFSLW joint presents a basin-like morphology and little material loss. By increasing the rotating speed from 1 000 rpm to 1 600 rpm, both effective sheet thickness and lap width increase, while lap shear failure load firstly decreases and then increases. The maximum failure load of 14. 05 kN /s attained when 1 000 rpm is used. All SSFSLW joints present shear fracture mode.
