Serum tumor markers (carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 19-9, carbohydrate antigen 72-4, carbohydrate antigen 24-2, ferritin) and gastric cancer prognosis correlation

BACKGROUND Gastric cancer is a kind of malignant tumor which is prevalent all over the world.Although some progress has been made in the treatment of gastric cancer,its prognosis is still not optimistic,so it is of great significance to find reliable prog-nostic indicators to guide the treatment and management of patients with gastric cancer.AIM To explore the relationship between serum levels of five biomarkers[carcinoem-bryonic antigen(CEA),carbohydrate antigen(CA)19-9,CA72-4,CA24-2,and ferritin]and prognosis in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS This study included 200 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma,and conducted an in-depth analysis of their baseline characteristics,relationship between tumor markers and staging,and prognosis.The study found that CA19-9 has a signi-ficant correlation with tumor stage,the average levels of CA24-2,CEA,CA72-4 and ferritin were slightly increased disregarding the stage of tumor.Survival analysis showed that increases in CEA,CA19-9,CA24-2,and ferritin were all associated with shortened overall survival of patients.Further multivariate ana-lysis revealed that elevated serum CA72-4 levels were an inde-pendent adverse prognostic factor.RESULTS This study reveals that there is a significant correlation between the expression levels of serum tumor markers CEA,CA19-9,CA72-4,CA24-2 and ferritin in patients with gastric cancer and prognosis,and can be used as important indicators for prognostic evaluation of gastric cancer.In particular,markers that appear abnormally elevated initially may help identify gastric cancer patients with poor prognosis.CONCLUSION Serum CEA and CA19-9 play an important role in the prognosis assessment of gastric cancer,and are effective tools to guide clinical practice and optimize individualized treatment strategies for gastric cancer patients.

An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part I: Structure and Propagation

Features of structure and propagation of the 30 to SO day atmospheric oscillations are investigated using the ECMWF analysis of 1980-1983. Evidence is provided to confirm the characteristics of the oscillation in the equatorial region. Those in the mid-high latitudes, however, are revealed to be very different from the tropics and pose a strong barotropic structure. Horizontal coherence shows teleconnection patterns which can be identified as EAP and PNA. The wind field of the specified time scale of the oscillation appears as long-lived vortices and vortex pairs. Mid-latitude perturbations propagate clearly westwards, especially during the winter season. In the high latitudes, they propagate westwards in the winter but eastwards in the summer. Meridional propagations are rather different from region to region.

Potential Toxicological and Cardiopulmonary Effects of PM2,5 Exposure and Related Mortality:Findings of Recent Studies Published during 2003-2013

Air pollution has environmental issue owing become a serious to its diverse harmful effects on the physical and biological environment. According to the Environmental Protection Agency （EPA） and the World Health Organization （WHO）, air pollution affects millions of people worldwide. Hundreds of thousands of deaths each year and a range of diseases, particularly among vulnerable groups （i.e., children, the elderly, and people with special medical conditions）, are attributed to air pollution. These effects are not always caused by single pollutant in the air; rather, they are considered consequences of the multi-pollutants to which people are simultaneously exposed.

Numerical study on three-dimensional flow field of continuously rotating detonation in a toroidal chamber

Gaseous detonation propagating in a toroidal chamber was numerically studied for hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen mixtures. The numerical method used is based on the three-dimensional Euler equations with detailed finiterate chemistry. The results show that the calculated streak picture is in qualitative agreement with the picture recorded by a high speed streak camera from published literature. The three-dimensional flow field induced by a continuously rotating detonation was visualized and distinctive features of the rotating detonations were clearly depicted. Owing to the unconfined character of detonation wavelet, a deficit of detonation parameters was observed. Due to the effects of wall geometries, the strength of the outside detonation front is stronger than that of the inside portion. The detonation thus propagates with a constant circular velocity. Numerical simulation also shows three-dimensional rotating detonation structures, which display specific feature of the detonation- shock combined wave. Discrete burning gas pockets are formed due to instability of the discontinuity. It is believed that the present study could give an insight into the interest- ing properties of the continuously rotating detonation, and is thus beneficial to the design of continuous detonation propulsion systems.

An Observational Study of the 30-50 Day Atmospheric Oscillations Part II: Temporal Evolution and Hemispheric Interaction across the Equator

In this part, the temporal evolution and interaction across the equator of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere are investigated further. The annual variation of 30-50 day oscillation is quite obvious in the mid-high latitudes. In the tropical atmosphere, the obvious interannual variation is an important property for temporal evolution of 30-50 day oscillation. The low-frequency wavetrain across the equator over the central Pacific and central Atlantic area, the movement of the long-lived low-frequency system across the equator and the meridional wind component across the equator will obviously show the interaction of 30-50 day oscillation in the atmosphere across the equator.

Experimental Study on Momentum Transfer of Surface Texture in Taylor-Couette Flow

The behavior of Taylor-Couette （TC） flow has been extensively studied. However, no suitable torque prediction models exist for high-capacity fluid machinery. The Eckhardt-Grossmann-Lohse （EGL） theory, derived based on the Navier-Stokes equations, is proposed to model torque behavior. This are the significant energy theory suggests that surfaces transfer interfaces between cylinders and annular flow. This study mainly focuses on the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer behavior through global torque measurement. First, a power-law torque behavior model is built to reveal the relationship between dimensionless torque and the Taylor number based on the EGL theory. Second, TC flow appa- ratus is designed and built based on the CNC machine tool to verify the torque behavior model. Third, four surface texture films are tested to check the effects of surface texture on momentum transfer. A stereo microscope and three-dimensional topography instrument are employed to analyze surface morphology. Global torque behavior is measured by rotating a multi component dynamometer, and the effects of surface texture on the annular flow behavior are observed via images obtained using a high-speed camera. Finally, torque behaviors under four differentsurface conditions are fitted and compared. The experi- mental results indicate that surface textures have a remarkable influence on torque behavior, and that the peak roughness of surface texture enhances the momentum transfer by strengthening the fluctuation in the TC flow.

Preparation and spectroscopic, and thermal decomposition kinetic studies of europium(Ⅲ) complex [Eu(HNBD)_3] (HNBD: 1-(6-hydroxy-1-naphthyl)-1,3-butanedione)

The complex of Eu（IH） with 1-（6-hydroxy- 1-naphthyl）- 1,3-butanedione （HNBD） was prepared for the first time and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV, fluorescence spectrum, and DTA-TG-DTG techniques. The IR and UV-visible spectra showed that Eu（Ⅲ） ion was coordinated to the HNBD ligand. The fluorescence spectrum showed the presence of Eu^3＋ characteristic emission. The TG-DTA-DTG curves showed that the thermal decomposition of the anhydrous complex was a two-stage process and the final residue was Eu2O3. The thermal decomposition kinetic parameters of the complex were evaluated from TG-DTG data by using three kinds of integral methods （Coat-Redfem equation, Horowitz and Metzger equation, Madhusudanan-Krishnan-Ninan equation）. The kinetic parameters of the first stage are E^＊ = 164.02 kJ.moll, A = 1.31 × 10^15 s^-l, AS^＊= 42.27 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 159.51 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 136.54 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 3.1, those of the second stage are E^＊= 128.52 kJ·mol^-l, A = 1.44× 106 s^-1, △S^＊= - 136.89 J·K^-l·mol^-l, △H^＊ = 120.41 kJ·mol^-l, △G^＊= 283.85 kJ·mol^-l, and n = 1.1.

Study on the Mercury （11） Complex of 4,5-benzol,2-dithiole-3-thione by IR, Theoricaly and X-Ray

A mercury （II） complex with 4.5-benzo-1.2-dithiol-3-thione （C7H4S3） （1）, [Hg2I4（C7H4S3）2] （2） was synthesized. The structure of the obtained complex （2） was characterized by crystallography, Infrared Spectroscopy （IR） analysis and theoretical study. The complex （2） has a dimeric structure, where each mercury atom takes a tetrahedral geometry and is coordinated by two bridging chloride, one terminal chloride and one thiocarbonyl sulfur atom （C=S） of the ligand.

Decay Study of the Neutron-Rich Nucleus ^(175)Er

The decay of the neutron-rich erbium isotope 175Er is studied by using the reaction176Yb（n,2p）175Er.A partial decay scheme is proposed on the basis of X-γ and γ-γ coincidencemeasurements,taking into account eight observed gamma rays.A ground rotational band is as-signed to 175Tm.Some systematic behaviors of 1/2+[411] ground rotational bands in odd-Athulium are described.The experimental and calculated decoupling parameters of these bandsare compared.

医疗器械产品稳定性研究及审评思路

目的通过回顾中国及美国与医疗器械稳定性研究有关的指导性文件和标准,指导医疗器械注册申请人在医疗器械全生命周期内结合风险管理开展产品稳定性研究活动,也为技术审评人员在审评相关内容时提供思路。方法从货架有效期、使用稳定性、运输稳定性3个方面论述稳定性研究的内容,针对每个方面提供验证方案的设计思路,并从审评的角度为注册申请人在注册申报时如何提交一套完整的、便于审评人员研判的研究资料提供建议。结果随着科技的发展,医疗器械的复杂性不断提高,因此产品稳定性研究是一个持续发展的过程,需要企业和审评人员用科学的方法进行研究与判定。

缺氧诱导因子-1α和BCL-2/腺病毒E1B19 kDa相关蛋白3在中耳胆脂瘤表达及意义

目的探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(hypoxia inducible factor-1,HIF-1α)和BCL-2/腺病毒E1B19KDa相关蛋白3(Bcl2/adenovirus E1B 19 kD interacting protein 3,BNIP3)在中耳胆脂瘤中的表达及胆脂瘤上皮的凋亡情况。方法采用免疫组织化学方法检测30例中耳胆脂瘤标本与18例外耳道皮肤标本中HIF-1α和BNIP3蛋白的表达情况,使用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP缺口末端标记(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling,Tunel)检测20例中耳胆脂瘤标本和18例外耳道皮肤标本的凋亡情况。使用Pearson相关分析检验HIF-1α和BNIP3蛋白之间的相关性。结果 HIF-1α在胆脂瘤组和对照组的平均光密度分别为0.16±0.07和0.08±0.03,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=4.279,P<0.01);BNIP3在胆脂瘤组和对照组的平均光密度分别为0.16±0.08和0.11±0.06,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=2.463,P=0.0185);经pearson相关分析,在胆脂瘤上皮中,HIF-1α和BNIP3之间呈正相关(r=0.418,P=0.003);Tunel染色中,凋亡指数在胆脂瘤组和对照组分别为(52.8±12.5)%和(9.99±2.97)%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(t=14.166,P<0.01)。结论 HIF-1α和BNIP3在中耳胆脂瘤中的异常表达可能与胆脂瘤的高凋亡特性有关。

Comparative study of HFACS and the 24Model accident causation models

A comparative study is conducted to compare the theory and application effect of two accident causation models, the human factors analysis and classification system（HFACS） and the accident causation ＂2-4＂ model（24 Model）, as well as to provide a reference for safety researchers and accident investigators to select an appropriate accident analysis method. The two models are compared in terms of their theoretical foundations, cause classifications, accident analysis processes, application ranges, and accident prevention strategies. A coal and gas outburst accident is then analyzed using both models, and the application results are compared. This study shows that both the 24 Model and HFACS have strong theoretical foundations, and they can each be applied in various domains. In addition, the cause classification in HFACS is more practical, and its accident analysis process is more convenient. On the other hand, the 24 Model includes external factors, which makes the cause analysis more systematic and comprehensive. Moreover, the 24 Model puts forward more corresponding measures to prevent accidents.

Multi-train modeling and simulation integrated with traction power supply solver using simplified Newton–Raphson method

Multi-train modeling and simulation plays a vital role in railway electrification during operation and planning phase. Study of peak power demand and energy consumed by each traction substation needs to be deter- mined to verify that electrical energy flowing in its railway power feeding system is appropriate or not. Gauss-Seidel, conventional Newton-Raphson, and current injection methods are well-known and widely accepted as a tool for electrical power network solver in DC railway power supply study. In this paper, a simplified Newton-Raphson method has been proposed. The proposed method employs a set of current-balance equations at each electrical node instead of the conventional power-balance equation used in the conventional Newton-Raphson method. This concept can remarkably reduce execution time and computing complexity for multi-train simulation. To evaluate its use, Sukhumvit line of Bangkok transit system （BTS） of Thai- land with 21.6-km line length and 22 passenger stopping stations is set as a test system. The multi-train simulation integrated with the proposed power network solver is developed to simulate 1-h operation service of selected 5-min headway. From the obtained results, the proposed method is more efficient with approximately 18 % faster than the conventional Newton-Raphson method and just over 6 % faster than the current injection method.

TaNRT2.1-6B is a dual-affinity nitrate transporter contributing to nitrogen uptake in bread wheat under both nitrogen deficiency and sufficiency

Multiple nitrate transporter(NRT)genes exist in the genome of bread wheat,and it is of great importance to identify the elite NRT genes for N-efficient wheat cultivar breeding.A candidate gene association study(CGAS)of six N use efficiency(NUE)related traits(grain N concentration(GNC),straw N concentration(SNC),grain yield(GY),grain N accumulation(GNA),shoot total N accumulation(STN)and N harvest index(NHI))was performed based on SNPs in 46 NRT2 genes using a panel composed of 286 wheat cultivars.CGAS identified TaNRT2.1-6B as an elite NRT gene that is significantly associated with four(NHI,SNC,GNA and GY)of the six NUE-related traits simultaneously.TaNRT2.1-6B is located on the plasma membrane and acts as a dual-affinity NRT.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B increased the N influx and root growth of wheat,whereas gene silence lines resulted in the opposite effects.The overexpression of TaNRT2.1-6B also improved GY and N accumulation of wheat under either limited or sufficient N conditions.The data provide the TaNRT2.1-6B gene and the two associated SNP markers as promising powerful tools for breeding wheat cultivars with high N uptake ability and NUE.

Aeroelastic modeling of wind loading on a cable-net supported glass wall

Wind loading study on a cable-net supported glass wall is conducted by means of wind tunnel tests. An equiva- lent aeroelastic model is designed and constructed. Response of displacements of the wall is measured and analyzed. In order to design a glass wall under wind loading, the ＂wind- vibration factor＂ is estimated and discussed. In fact, the mech- anism of wind acting on the wall is commonly known not only as positive pressure, but also as negative pressure caused by the flow separation on the corners of the building. Due to the diffidence in the mechanism of wind acting, two typi- cal response cases are classified. The results show that the dynamic response of the structure caused by the negative pressure is stronger than that of the positive pressure case. To determine the aerodynamic wind loading on a flexible part of structure on a building, wind tunnel study may be useful and play an important role.

Studies of the quality parameters of blended oils and sensory evaluation of gram flour products

Blended oils have many uses when compared with single oils,due to presence of high Omega9 levels.They help in brain development and reduce the risk of heart diseases.This investigation of blended oils was chosen taking into consideration the regular use of coconut oil(CO),palm oil(PAO),peanut oil(PO),and groundnut oil(GO),and using these blends three popular South Indian snacks were prepared.The oil blending was in the proportion of 50:50 using four different oils.This study includes the physicochemical properties of blended oils such as their p H,colour,nutritional assessment,and changes in the parameters of mixed oils.Additionally,these oil mixes were utilized for preparing different types of gram flour snacks including potato fries,pakoda,and karasev.The shelf life of the snacks was studied,considering the changes in their synthetic and tangible attributes.The changes seen in the oil separated from the fried items were very close to that of the control.Tangible assessment of the prepared fritters showed that they were synthetically safe to eat for up to two weeks.Six oil blends(CO:PO,CO:PAO,CO:GO,PO:GO,PO:PAO,and GO:PAO)were prepared successfully.Among the blended oils,coconut oil with peanut oil showed the highest spread ability,while groundnut oil with palm oil showed the lowest spread ability.The coconut and groundnut oil blend showed the highest ratio(58.8%)of unsaturated to saturated fatty acids.Polyunsaturated linoleic acid(18:2;24.3%),α-linoleic acid(18:2;5%),oleic acid(18:1;25%),capric acid(2.8%),lauric acid(1.8%),myristic acid(1.6%),palmitic acid(16:0;14.5%),and steric acid(18:0;9.2%)were seen in the coconut and groundnut oil blend.The palm and peanut oil blend showed the least ratio(51.4%)for unsaturated and saturated oils,with oleic acid(21%),lauric acid(1.9%),andα-linoleic acid(2%).Among all the blended oils,coconut oil mixed with groundnut oil showed the highest level of acceptability for gram flour products.The content of free fatty acids was very high in the combination of palm and peanut oil.The three gram flour products prepared using blends of coconut oil and groundnut oil showed good appearance(8%),flavour of the product prepared with combinations of groundnut(refined)oil has high acceptability,good texture(8%),high acceptability(8%)in taste and overall acceptability of sensory evaluation.These blends in the future may develop good quality oils giving a high shelf life to food products.

Sustainable synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from waste cotton stalk catalyzed by solid superacid-SO4^2-/ZrO2

A sustainable process was explored for the preparation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(HMF) by catalytic degradation of the waste cotton stalk. Solid super-acid(SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2) was used as an efficient catalyst for the degradation of cotton stalk. Both decomposition experiments and kinetic study were conducted for the exploration of degradation condition and kinetics mechanism. The optimized experimental conditions are reaction temperature 503 K, reaction time 75 min and dosage of catalyst 30%(mass fraction) based on the decomposition experiments, under which a maximum yield of 27.2% for HMF could be achieved. Kinetic study was then carried out in the presence of SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2. The theoretical results indicate that the activation energies for reducing sugar and HMF with catalyst are 96.71 k J/mol, 84.21 kJ/mol in the presence of SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2, and they are 105.96 k J/mol and 119.37 k J/mol in the absence of SO_4^(2-)/ZrO_2.

Determination of the Stability Studies of the Sudanese Camel Insulin

The main objective of the presented study was to characterize the stability of the Sudanese camel insulin after 6 months of its extraction, purification and formulation from the fresh pancreatic glands of the camel, slaughtered for local and export consumption. The stability and purity of the formulated insulin samples were compared to standard insulin sam-ples that of the leading manufacturing companies using some analytical techniques such as HPLC, gel electrophoresis and atomic absorption. In another part of the study, the direct transfer method was used to accomplish sterility test by complete immersion of the insulin samples into thioglycollate and soybean medium. The data were presented as mean ± S.E.M (standard error of means) for the comparison of zinc (mg/units) and nitrogen (in percentage) concentrations in standard and testing camel insulin samples, respectively. Similarly, the linear equation was derived and the coefficient factors for standard and testing insulin samples were compared to determine the peak area and the concentrations of the camel insulin samples (mean ± S.E.M) after HPLC elution. The P value,

Deficiency of transmembrane AMPA receptor regulatory protein γ-8 leads to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder-like behavior in mice

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder prevalent in schoolage children. At present, however, its etiologies and risk factors are unknown. Transmembrane α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionicacid(AMPA) receptor regulatory protein γ-8(TARP γ-8,also known as calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 8(CACNG8)) is an auxiliary AMPA receptor(AMPAR) subunit. Here, we report an association between TARP γ-8 and ADHD,whereby adolescent TARP γ-8 knockout(KO) mice exhibitedADHD-likebehaviors,including hyperactivity, impulsivity, anxiety, impaired cognition,and memory deficits. Human single-nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) analysis also revealed strong associations between intronic alleles in CACNG8genes and ADHD susceptibility. In addition,synaptosomal proteomic analysis revealed dysfunction of the AMPA glutamate receptor complex in the hippocampi of TARP γ-8 KO mice.Proteomic analysis also revealed dysregulation of dopaminergic and glutamatergic transmissions in the prefrontal cortices of TARP γ-8 KO mice.Methylphenidate(MPH), which is commonly used to treat ADHD, significantly rescued the major behavioral deficits and abnormal synaptosomal proteins in TARP γ-8 KO mice. Notably, MPH significantly reversed the up-regulation of Grik2 and Slc6a3 in the prefrontal cortex. MPH also significantly improved synaptic AMPAR complex function by up-regulating other AMPAR auxiliary proteins in hippocampal synaptosomes. Taken together, our results suggest that TARP γ-8 is involved in the development of ADHD in humans.This study provides a useful alternative animal model with ADHD-like phenotypes related to TARP γ-8deficiency, which has great potential for the development of new therapies.

Behavior of Cl^(-) Ions in Ag(SO_3)_2^(3-) Solution

l- ions behavior in Ag(SO_3)3-2 solution was studied. The mechanism of Ag particles formation in the solution was discussed, and factors affecting its formation were investigated.