Shifting Rule Modification Strategy of Automatic Transmission Based on Driver-vehicle-road Environment

Accidental or frequent shift often occurs when the shifting rule is built based on traditional two parameters （i.e., velocity and throttle）, because the speed of engine varies slower than change of throttle opening. Currently, modifying shift point velocity value or throttle by throttle change rate is one of common methods, but the results are not so satisfactory in some working condition such as uphill. The reason is that these methods merely consider throttle change rate which is not enough for a car driving in driver-vehicle-road environment system. So a novel fuzzy control modification strategy is proposed to avoid or reduce those abnormal shift actions. It can adjust shifting rule by the change rate of throttle, current gear position and road environment information, while different gear position and driving environment get corresponding modification value. In order to compare the results of shifting actions, fuel consumption and braking distance, emergent braking in level road and extra-urban driving cycle（EUDC） working conditions with fuzzy shifting schedule modification strategy are simulated digitally. Furthermore, a hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform is introduced to verify its effect in slope road condition according to the ON/OFF numbers of solenoid valve in hydraulic system. The simulation results show that the problem of unexpected shift in those working conditions may be resolved by fuzzy modification strategy. At last, it is concluded that although there is some slight decline in power performance in uphill situation, this fuzzy modification strategy could correctly identify slope of road, decrease braking distance, improve vehicle comfort and fuel economy effectively and prolong the life of clutch system. So, this fuzzy logic shifting strategy provides important references for vehicle intelligent shifting schedule.

ON DISCRETE ENERGY DISSIPATION OF MAXWELL’S EQUATIONS IN A COLE-COLE DISPERSIVE MEDIUM

A simple criterion is studied for the first time for identifying the discrete energy dissipation of the Crank-Nicolson scheme for Maxwell’s equations in a Cole-Cole dispersive medium.Several numerical formulas that approximate the time fractional derivatives are investigated based on this criterion,including the L1 formula,the fractional BDF-2,and the shifted fractional trapezoidal rule(SFTR).Detailed error analysis is provided within the framework of time domain mixed finite element methods for smooth solutions.The convergence results and discrete energy dissipation law are confirmed by numerical tests.For nonsmooth solutions,the method SFTR can still maintain the optimal convergence order at a positive time on uniform meshes.Authors believe this is the first appearance that a second-order time-stepping method can restore the optimal convergence rate for Maxwell’s equations in a Cole-Cole dispersive medium regardless of the initial singularity of the solution.