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The Impact of Meteorological Factors on the Short-term Cumulative Effect of Air Particulate in Tianjin 被引量:1
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作者 Wang Wei Liu Lili Wang Yan 《Meteorological and Environmental Research》 CAS 2019年第2期27-32,40,共7页
In order to reveal the rapid increase mechanism of particulate concentration in short time,a notion of short-term cumulative effect of air particulate is defined as the significant increase of pollutant concentration ... In order to reveal the rapid increase mechanism of particulate concentration in short time,a notion of short-term cumulative effect of air particulate is defined as the significant increase of pollutant concentration in a short time under the condition of breeze,stable weather and constant emission caused by human being's activities. Subsequently,an index of short-term cumulative effect is established with air diffusive equation,and then the macro-scale meteorological situation and micro-scale factors of forming the short-term cumulative effect are discussed with the observation data. The macro-scale meteorological variables contain upper-level weather situations and surface weather situations. The micro-scale factors mainly include the boundary-layer height and boundary-layer stability. The analyses show that boundary-layer factors and weather variables have a significant influence on the short-term cumulative effect. The notion of short-term cumulative effect will play an important role in interpreting the severe pollution weather. 展开更多
关键词 AIR PARTICULATE short-term CUMULATIVE effect METEOROLOGICAL factor CUMULATIVE index
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Clinical Observation on the Improved Short-Term Effects of Anti-Tumor Purified Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing for 138 Cases with Malignant Tumors 被引量:1
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作者 Chun Liu Siyi Yin +1 位作者 Jiaqi Xue Ling Xue 《Chinese Medicine》 2021年第4期197-202,共6页
<span style="font-family:Verdana;">The subjects of this study were to observe the improved short-term effects of anti-tumor purified Chinese medicine injection Ai-Jing for 138 cases with malignant tumo... <span style="font-family:Verdana;">The subjects of this study were to observe the improved short-term effects of anti-tumor purified Chinese medicine injection Ai-Jing for 138 cases with malignant tumors. This was a multi-center clinical study, and a total of 138 patients include</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">d</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> 96 males and 42 females, with the age from 60 to 76 years. </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Ai-Jing has obtained the Chinese invention patent since 2008</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (ZL991-03528.3). A novel technique acupoint injection method was adopted. Except for lung cancer, patients with other malignant tumors were injected once every other day, 2</span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">ml each time. A course of treatment needs 6 Ai-Jing injections, lung cancer patients need 10</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">20 Ai-Jing injections. At the same time, patients were treated with traditional medicine decoction. Due to the limited number of cases, cure rate, recovery rate and remission rate were calculated as a whole, respectively</span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">18.12%, 44.20% and 32.15%. All the invalid patients were lung cancer, accounting for 16.67% of the patients treated with lung cancer, and the total treatment inefficiency was 6.52%. Conclusion: Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing extracts the effective components of anti-cancer and tumorig</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">enesis, and has the effects of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, anti-infl</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">am</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">matory and analgesic, and repairing body damage, with small toxic and side effects and low cost.</span> 展开更多
关键词 Anti-Tumor Purified Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing short-term effects Malignant Tumors
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Long-term effects of early antibiotic intervention on blood parameters,apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal microbial fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary protein levels 被引量:9
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作者 Miao Yu Chuanjian Zhang +4 位作者 Yuxiang Yang Chunlong Mu Yong Su Kaifan Yu Weiyun Zhu 《Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2018年第1期175-186,共12页
Backgroud: This study aimed to determine the effects of early antibiotic intervention(EAI) on subsequent blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal fermentation profile in pigs with different diet... Backgroud: This study aimed to determine the effects of early antibiotic intervention(EAI) on subsequent blood parameters, apparent nutrient digestibility, and fecal fermentation profile in pigs with different dietary crude protein(CP) levels. Eighteen litters of piglets(total 212) were randomly allocated to 2 groups and were fed a creep feed diet with or without in-feed antibiotics(olaquindox, oxytetracycline calcium and kitasamycin) from postnatal d 7 to d 42. On d 42, the piglets within the control or antibiotic group were mixed, respectively, and then further randomly assigned to a normal-(20%, 18%, and 14% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively) or a low-CP diet(16%, 14%, and 10% CP from d 42 to d 77, d 77 to d 120, and d 120 to d 185,respectively), generating 4 groups. On d 77(short-term) and d 185(long-term), serum and fecal samples were obtained for blood parameters, microbial composition and microbial metabolism analysis.Results: EAI increased(P 〈 0.05) albumin and glucose concentrations in low-CP diet on d 77, and increased(P 〈 0.05) urea concentration in normal-CP diet. On d 185, EAI increased(P 〈 0.05) globulin concentration in normal-CP diets, but decreased glucose concentration. For nutrient digestibility, EAI increased(P 〈 0.05)digestibility of CP on d 77. For fecal microbiota, the EAI as well as low-CP diet decreased(P 〈 0.05) E. coli count on d 77. For fecal metabolites, on d 77, EAI decreased(P 〈 0.05) total amines concentration but increased skatole concentration in low-CP diet. On d 185, the EAI increased(P 〈 0.05) putrescine and total amines concentrations in low-CP diets but reduced(P 〈 0.05) in the normal-CP diets. The low-CP diet decreased the concentrations of these compounds.Conclusions: Collectively, these results indicate that EAI has short-term effects on the blood parameters and fecal microbial fermentation profile. The effects of EAI varied between CP levels, which was characterized by the significant alteration of glucose and putrescine concentration. 展开更多
关键词 Antibiotics long term effect ANTIMICROBIAL Blood parameters Low protein diet Metabolites Microbiota
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Damage effectiveness assessment method for anti-ship missiles based on double hierarchy linguistic term sets and evidence theory 被引量:3
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作者 YAO Tianle WANG Weili +2 位作者 MIAO Run DONG Jun YAN Xuefei 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2022年第2期393-405,共13页
The research on the damage effectiveness assessment of anti-ship missiles involves system science and weapon science, and has essential strategic research significance. With comprehensive analysis of the specific proc... The research on the damage effectiveness assessment of anti-ship missiles involves system science and weapon science, and has essential strategic research significance. With comprehensive analysis of the specific process of the damage assessment process of anti-missile against ships, a synthetic damage effectiveness assessment process is proposed based on the double hierarchy linguistic term set and the evidence theory. In order to improve the accuracy of the expert ’s assessment information, double hierarchy linguistic terms are used to describe the assessment opinions of experts. In order to avoid the loss of experts ’ original information caused by information fusion rules, the evidence theory is used to fuse the assessment information of various experts on each case. Good stability of the assessment process can be reflected through sensitivity analysis, and the fluctuation of a certain parameter does not have an excessive influence on the assessment results. The assessment process is accurate enough to be reflected through comparative analysis and it has a good advantage in damage effectiveness assessment. 展开更多
关键词 anti-ship missile damage effect assessment linguistic term set evidence reasoning
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NUMERICAL STUDY OF SHORT TERM EFFECT OF SST ANOMALIES
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作者 顾建峰 王谦谦 刘坚刚 《Journal of Tropical Meteorology》 SCIE 1999年第1期17-23,共7页
Using a 5-layer P- o mixed coordinates primitive equations model, a process of heavy rain is simulated that occurred over the middle-and lower-reaches of the Changjiang River on July 1- 2, 1991 and numerical experimen... Using a 5-layer P- o mixed coordinates primitive equations model, a process of heavy rain is simulated that occurred over the middle-and lower-reaches of the Changjiang River on July 1- 2, 1991 and numerical experiments are done of the effects of sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies over different waters on the precipitation. The result has shown that the appearance of SST anomaly is followed in a short term (2 or 3 days) by. A change in the pattern of circulation as well as in precipitation to some extent. 展开更多
关键词 SST ANOMALIES SHORT term effects NUMERICAL research
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BOUNDED TRAVELING WAVE SOLUTIONS OF VARIANT BOUSSINESQ EQUATION WITH A DISSIPATION TERM AND DISSIPATION EFFECT
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作者 张卫国 刘强 +1 位作者 李正明 李想 《Acta Mathematica Scientia》 SCIE CSCD 2014年第3期941-959,共19页
This article studies bounded traveling wave solutions of variant Boussinesq equation with a dissipation term and dissipation effect on them. Firstly, we make qualitative analysis to the bounded traveling wave solution... This article studies bounded traveling wave solutions of variant Boussinesq equation with a dissipation term and dissipation effect on them. Firstly, we make qualitative analysis to the bounded traveling wave solutions for the above equation by the theory and method of planar dynamical systems, and obtain their existent conditions, number, and general shape. Secondly, we investigate the dissipation effect on the shape evolution of bounded traveling wave solutions. We find out a critical value r^* which can characterize the scale of dissipation effect, and prove that the bounded traveling wave solutions appear as kink profile waves if |r|≥ r^*; while they appear as damped oscillatory waves if |r| 〈 r^*. We also obtain kink profile solitary wave solutions with and without dissipation effect. On the basis of the above discussion, we sensibly design the structure of the approximate damped oscillatory solutions according to the orbits evolution relation corresponding to the component u(ξ) in the global phase portraits, and then obtain the approximate solutions (u(ξ), H(ξ)). Furthermore, by using homogenization principle, we give their error estimates by establishing the integral equation which reflects the relation between exact and approximate solutions. Finally, we discuss the dissipation effect on the amplitude, frequency, and energy decay of the bounded traveling wave solutions. 展开更多
关键词 Variant Boussinesq equation with dissipation term shape analysis bounded traveling wave solution error estimate dissipation effect
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LONG-TERM EFFECT OF HOMOHARRINGTONINE ON CHRONIC GRANULOCYTIC LEUKEMIA 被引量:1
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作者 李玉峰 朱家斌 +4 位作者 王春玲 丁帮和 李元媛 宣恒报 钱墨生 《Chinese Journal of Cancer Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2005年第2期150-153,共4页
Objective: To observe the long-term effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and its pharmacological mechanism. Methods: 76 patients with newly diagnosed early chronic phase CGL receive... Objective: To observe the long-term effect of homoharringtonine (HHT) on chronic granulocytic leukemia (CGL) and its pharmacological mechanism. Methods: 76 patients with newly diagnosed early chronic phase CGL received treatment of merely 1.5 mg/m2 daily HHT for induction remission and long-term maintenance treatment. The apoptosis rate of bone marrow CD34+ cells induced by HHT was assayed with flow cytometer. Results: 86.8% patients achieved CHR, 13.2% patients PHR and 31.8% patients got cytogenetic response in HHT treatment group, which was longer than 31 (8-54) months in hydroxyurea (HU) group (P<0.05). The effect of apoptosis induction HHT was stronger on CGL-CP patients bone marrow CD34+ cells than on normal person bone marrow CD34+ cells. Conclusion: HHT is a very effective drug for remission induction and long-term maintenance treatment in early chronic phase CGL patients. 展开更多
关键词 HOMOHARRINGTONINE Chronic granulocytic leukemia Long-term effect CD34+ cells
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Quintessence Cosmology with an Effective Λ-Term in Lyra Manifold
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作者 KhurshudyanM. Pasqua A +1 位作者 Sadeghi J. Farahani H 《Chinese Physics Letters》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2015年第10期174-177,共4页
We study quintessence cosmology with an effective A-term in Lyra manifold. We consider three different models by choosing variable A depending on time, the Hubble parameter and the energy density of dark matter and da... We study quintessence cosmology with an effective A-term in Lyra manifold. We consider three different models by choosing variable A depending on time, the Hubble parameter and the energy density of dark matter and dark energy. Dark energy is assumed as quintessence which interacts with the dark matter. Using numerical analysis we investigate the behavior of cosmological parameters in three different models and compare our results with observational data. State-finder diagnostic is also performed for all models. 展开更多
关键词 Quintessence Cosmology with an effective term in Lyra Manifold
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Analyses of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice: intact short-term memory and impaired long-term and remote memory
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作者 Kazuyuki Yamada Chihiro Homma +3 位作者 Kentaro Tanemura Toshio Ikeda Shigeyoshi Itohara Yoshiko Nagaoka 《World Journal of Neuroscience》 2011年第1期1-8,共8页
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of ... Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (Arc/Arg3.1) was originally identified in patients with seizures. It is densely distributed in the hip-pocampus and amygdala in particular. Because the expression of Arc/Arg3.1 is regulated by nerve in-puts, it is thought to be an immediate early gene. As shown both in vitro and in vivo, Arc/Arg3.1 is in-volved in synaptic consolidation and regulates some forms of learning and memory in rats and mice [1,2]. Furthermore, a recent study suggests that Arc/Arg3.1 may play a significant role in signal transmission via AMPA-type glutamate receptors [3-5]. Therefore, we conducted a detailed analysis of fear memory in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice. As previously reported, the knockout animals exhib-ited impaired fear memory in both contextual and cued test situations. Although Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice showed almost the same performance as wild-type littermates 4 hr after a conditioning trial, their performance was impaired in the retention test after 24 hr or longer, either with or without reconsolidation. Immunohistochemical analyses showed an abnormal density of GluR1 in the hip-pocampus of Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice;however, an application of AMPA potentiator did not improve memory performance in the mutant mice. Memory impairment in Arc/Arg3.1-deficient mice is so ro-bust that the mice provide a useful tool for devel-oping treatments for memory impairment. 展开更多
关键词 Activity-Regulated Cytoskeleton-Associated Protein (Arc/Arg3.1) KNOCKOUT (Ko) Mouse short- term MEMORY LONG-term MEMORY RECONSOLIDATION AMPA Receptor
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Total Hip Replacement: Short- and Medium-Term Morbidity and Mortality in the Department of Orthopedic Traumatology of Donka University Hospital, Guinea-Conakry
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作者 Lamah Leopold Diallo Mamadou Moustapha +7 位作者 Sidimé Sory Diallo Ibrahima Gallé Barry Alhassane Lamah Philip Bah Mohamed Lamine Camara Nouhou Mangué Diallo Amadou Mamadou Fela Sané André 《Open Journal of Orthopedics》 2022年第12期493-502,共10页
Introduction: Total hip prostheses are a reliable means of treating hip disorders. It is indicated when pain and reduced mobility of the hip become incompatible with the patient’s daily activities. In low-income coun... Introduction: Total hip prostheses are a reliable means of treating hip disorders. It is indicated when pain and reduced mobility of the hip become incompatible with the patient’s daily activities. In low-income countries, the risk factors for hip disease are numerous, but the means for its management, such as total hip prostheses, are not. The aim of this work was to determine the morbi-mortality of total hip prostheses in the short and medium term in our department and to review the literature. Patients and Method: This was a prospective and descriptive study over a period of 9 years. It involved 50 THPs performed on 45 patients. Patients who had received a THP and were followed up for at least two years were included. We excluded patients who were lost to follow-up. The Moore-type posterolateral minimally invasive approach was used. Complications were investigated from the immediate postoperative period and in the medium term. The final functional results were evaluated according to the Postel Merle d’Aubigné score. Results: We performed 50 THPs out of 750 procedures, i.e. , 6.6%. The indications were: primary coxarthrosis 60%, necrosis of the femoral head 26%, post-infectious balloon hip 4%, and pseudarthrosis of the femoral neck 10%. The average time to the consultation was 2.4 years with extremes of 1 and 5 years. According to the terrain, sickle cell disease represented 18%, tuberculosis 12%. Postoperative complications were lameness 12%, dislocation 6%, suppuration 6%, death 4%, peri-prosthetic fracture 8%, loosening 2%, peri-articular ossification 2%, and paralysis of the external popliteal nerve 2%. Conclusion: Whoever performs a THP is obliged to monitor the patient as long as he/she is alive. Complications are possible at any time and can negatively change the assigned goal and force the surgeon to be expensive and sometimes inconclusive secondary interventions. 展开更多
关键词 THP Morbi-Mortality short- Medium- term
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Study on the operation effect of long term care insurance system in Qingdao
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作者 WU Yuhua 《International English Education Research》 2016年第6期65-67,共3页
Population aging has become a global social problem, the problem in our country has become the core of the aging problem. With the gradual aging of the elderly, loss of energy, loss of energy has become the norm for t... Population aging has become a global social problem, the problem in our country has become the core of the aging problem. With the gradual aging of the elderly, loss of energy, loss of energy has become the norm for the elderly or sick elderly. According to the Ministry of Civil Affairs statistics, as of the end of 2014, the number of disabled elderly in China reached 35 million, about 90% of the disabled elderly need professional care services and professional treatment to ease the pain. In order to deal with the social problems brought about by the aging of the population, in July 1, 2012, Qingdao City, the first in the country to establish a long-term health care insurance system, has taken a key step to crack the problem of aging. In this paper, the situation of Qingdao long term care insurance system as the research object, taking Qingdao city as study sites, according to statistical data analysis of the implementation effect of long-term local health care policy, and through questionnaires and interviews in the form of local residents to participate in the investigation of awareness, and perception. At the same time, the results of the survey on long-term health care insurance system in Qingdao, the operation effect of the overall analysis. 展开更多
关键词 Long term health care insurance system Qingdao City operation effect long term care
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A LONG TERM EFFECT EVALUATION OF TOTAL HIP PROSTHETIC REPLACEMENT
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《Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering(English Edition)》 1996年第1期43-46,共4页
ALONGTERMEFFECTEVALUATIONOFTOTALHIPPROSTHETICREPLACEMENTWangJianandHeZhijng(OrthopaedicDepartmentof208thHosp... ALONGTERMEFFECTEVALUATIONOFTOTALHIPPROSTHETICREPLACEMENTWangJianandHeZhijng(OrthopaedicDepartmentof208thHospital,ChangChun,13... 展开更多
关键词 A LONG term effect EVALUATION OF TOTAL HIP TOTAL PROSTHETIC REPLACEMENT
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The mid-long term effect of conversion from cyclusporine to trcrolimus in patients with kidney
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作者 祝藩原 《外科研究与新技术》 2011年第4期284-285,共2页
Objective To verify the efficacy and safety of conversion from cyclosporine ( CsA) to tacrolimus ( Tac) in renal transplant recipients. Methods The clinical data of conversion from CsA to Tac in renal transplant recip... Objective To verify the efficacy and safety of conversion from cyclosporine ( CsA) to tacrolimus ( Tac) in renal transplant recipients. Methods The clinical data of conversion from CsA to Tac in renal transplant recipients were retrospectively analyzed. In 97 petients undergoing kidney transplantation,there were 62 cases of chronic al- 展开更多
关键词 The mid-long term effect of conversion from cyclusporine to trcrolimus in patients with kidney
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Evolution of interfacial dislocation networks during long term thermal aging in Ni-based single crystal superalloy DD5 被引量:2
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作者 Qiang Gao Li-rong Liu +3 位作者 Xiao-hua Tang Zhi-jiang Peng Ming-jun Zhang Su-gui Tian 《China Foundry》 SCIE 2019年第1期14-22,共9页
Interfacial dislocations found in single crystal superalloys after long term thermal aging have an important effect on mechanical properties. Long term thermal aging tests for DD5 single crystal superalloy were carrie... Interfacial dislocations found in single crystal superalloys after long term thermal aging have an important effect on mechanical properties. Long term thermal aging tests for DD5 single crystal superalloy were carried out at 1,100 ℃ for 20, 100, 200, 500 and 1000 h, and then cooled by air. The effect of long term thermal aging on the dislocation networks at the γ/γ' interfaces was investigated by FE-SEM. Results showed that during the long term thermal aging at 1,100 ℃, misfit dislocations formed firstly and then reorientation in the(001) interfacial planes occurred. Different types of square or rectangular dislocation network form by dislocation reaction. Square dislocation networks consisting of four groups of dislocations can transform into octagonal dislocation networks, and then form another square dislocation network by dislocation reaction. Rectangular dislocation networks can also transform into hexagonal dislocation networks. The interfacial dislocation networks promote the γ' phase rafting process. The dislocation networks spacings become smaller and smaller, leading to the effective lattice misfit increasing from-0.10% to-0.32%. 展开更多
关键词 DD5 single crystal SUPERALLOY INTERFACIAL dislocations long term thermal AGING effective LATTICE MISFIT
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Novel image restoration model coupling gradient fidelity term based on adaptive total variation 被引量:1
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作者 石明珠 许廷发 +3 位作者 梁炯 冯亮 张坤 周立伟 《Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology》 EI CAS 2011年第2期261-266,共6页
A novel image restoration model coupling with a gradient fidelity term based on adaptive total variation is proposed in this paper. In order to choose proper parameters, the selection criteria were analyzed theoretica... A novel image restoration model coupling with a gradient fidelity term based on adaptive total variation is proposed in this paper. In order to choose proper parameters, the selection criteria were analyzed theoretically, and a simple scheme to demonstrate its validity was adopted experimentally. To make fair comparisons of performances of three models, the same numerical algorithm was used to solve partial differential equations. Both the international standard test image on Lena and HR image of CBERS-02B of Dalian city were used to verify the performance of the model. Experimental results illustrate that the new model not only preserved the edge and important details but also alleviated the staircase effect effectively. 展开更多
关键词 image restoration total variation(TV) gradient fidelity term staircase effect
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Non-Linear Effect of Volume Fraction of Inclusions on The Effective Thermal Conductivity of Composite Materials: A Modified Maxwell Model 被引量:1
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作者 Sajjan Kumar R. S. Bhoopal +2 位作者 P. K. Sharma R. S. Beniwal Ramvir Singh 《Open Journal of Composite Materials》 2011年第1期10-18,共9页
In this paper, non-linear dependence of volume fraction of inclusions on the effective thermal conductivity of composite materials is investigated. Proposed approximation formula is based on the Maxwell’s equation, i... In this paper, non-linear dependence of volume fraction of inclusions on the effective thermal conductivity of composite materials is investigated. Proposed approximation formula is based on the Maxwell’s equation, in that a non-linear term dependent on the volume fraction of the inclusions and the ratio of the thermal conductivities of the polymer continuum and inclusions is introduced in place of the volume fraction of inclusions. The modified Maxwell’s equation is used to calculate effective thermal conductivity of several composite materials and agreed well with the earlier experimental results. A comparison of the proposed relation with different models has also been made. 展开更多
关键词 effectIVE Thermal CONDUCTIVITY Empirical CORRECTION term Composite Materials
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Thermomechanical analysis of long-term global modal and local deformation measurements of the Kishwaukee Bridge using the bootstrap
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作者 George M.Lloyd Ming L.Wang 《Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration》 SCIE EI CSCD 2004年第1期107-115,共9页
In this paper we present a comparative analysis of global frequency and local deformation data for a large concrete bridge. The asymptotic probability distributions of the central statistics are presented, and compare... In this paper we present a comparative analysis of global frequency and local deformation data for a large concrete bridge. The asymptotic probability distributions of the central statistics are presented, and compared with empirical bootstrap estimates. Bootstrapped distributions are calculated from reference data obtained during 1999–2000 and used to develop change-point alarm criteria for the structure, using reasonable sensitivity measures developed from FEM simulations and structural analysis. The implications of the frequency data are discussed in conjunction with the strain and displacement measurements in order to discern if the load carrying capacity of the bridge has been affected. The critical need for more advanced temperature compensation models for large structures continually in thermal disequilibrium is discussed. 展开更多
关键词 thermomechanical effects bootstrap methods local & global monitoring long term measurement concrete bridge
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Misunderstanding of a New Approach to Drug-Placebo Difference Calculation in Short Term Antidepressant-Drug Trials
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作者 Yanning Liu 《Open Journal of Statistics》 2015年第2期113-119,共7页
In clinical trials, drug effect is measured by a difference between subjects who are treated by experimental drug against placebo-treated subjects. In case of binary data, with observing YES/NO on each subject in cert... In clinical trials, drug effect is measured by a difference between subjects who are treated by experimental drug against placebo-treated subjects. In case of binary data, with observing YES/NO on each subject in certain period of time, it is the proportion of subjects who respond in treatment group minus the proportion of responders in placebo group (for example, 50% vs. 30%). However, a greater difference was proposed by Rihmer et al. (2011) [1] with their supporting arguments, in that antidepressant response and placebo response had different mechanisms and there were equal chances for antidepressant responder to be responding to placebo and not responding to placebo at all. Therefore, the authors proposed 50% - 30% * 50% when the response rate in the treatment group and the placebo group are 50% and 30% respectively, resulting in higher drug-placebo difference than traditional understanding of 50% - 30%. In this article, we tried to explain why the authors misunderstood the drug-placebo concept for evaluating drug superiority, their misunderstanding of assumptions of traditional calculation, as well as their wrong reasoning on their proposed approach. All in all, we conclude the traditional approach of 50% - 30% is the right way of evaluating drug-placebo difference and the possible methods to control impact of placebo effect are briefly discussed at the end of this article. 展开更多
关键词 ANTIDEPRESSANT PLACEBO effect short-term ANTIDEPRESSANT effect UNIPOLAR Major Depression
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Accident source term and radiological consequences of a small modular reactor
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作者 Hai-Ying Chen Fu-Dong Liu +3 位作者 Shao-Wei Wang Yi-Chuan Wang Chao Xu Qiao-Feng Liu 《Nuclear Science and Techniques》 SCIE EI CAS CSCD 2023年第3期82-92,共11页
Considering the growing global demand for energy and the need for countries to achieve climate goals,there is an increasing global interest in small modular reactors(SMRs)and their applications.Accident source term an... Considering the growing global demand for energy and the need for countries to achieve climate goals,there is an increasing global interest in small modular reactors(SMRs)and their applications.Accident source term and radiological consequence evaluations of SMRs are key components of nuclear and radiation safety reviews,which affect the site,exclusion area(EAB),and low population zone outer boundaries.Based on the design characteristics of the SMR and accident analysis results,a theoretical model of a whole-core fuel cladding damage accident was constructed to study the radioactivity released into the environment and its consequences.The accident source term and radiation dose calculation models were established to analyze the released amounts of radionuclides and the total effective dose affecting individuals at the site boundary.The results showed that the amount of radionuclides released into the environment after a whole-core fuel cladding damage accident reached 10^(14) Bq,among which the release amount of ^(133)Xe was the largest.The total effective dose at the site boundary 30 days after the accident was 8.65 mSv.The highest total effective dose affecting individuals occurred to the east-north-east.The results of the accident source term and radiological consequence provide technical support for site boundary dose assessments and reviews of SMRs. 展开更多
关键词 Small modular reactor ACCIDENT Source term Radiological consequence Total effective dose
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创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步空间溢出效应分析 被引量:2
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作者 张志新 妙丽英 《生态经济》 北大核心 2024年第1期103-110,共8页
基于2010—2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,采用空间杜宾模型实证分析创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:从全国来看,创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的影响具有明显正向空间溢出效应,不仅驱动本地农业绿色技... 基于2010—2020年中国31个省份的面板数据,采用空间杜宾模型实证分析创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的空间溢出效应。研究结果表明:从全国来看,创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的影响具有明显正向空间溢出效应,不仅驱动本地农业绿色技术进步,还推动邻近地区农业绿色技术进步。创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步的空间溢出效应以短期效应为主。从区域来看,沿海、内陆地区创新要素集聚对农业绿色技术进步具有明显空间溢出效应,而沿边地区空间溢出效应不明显。对此,可改善创新要素引入制度、优化地区间创新要素互动机制、构建区域间农业绿色技术进步成果互通平台,持续促进农业绿色技术进步,以实现农业农村可持续发展。 展开更多
关键词 创新要素集聚 农业绿色技术进步 空间溢出效应 短期效应
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