Research on Inter-turn Short-circuit Fault Diagnosis Method Based on High Frequency Voltage Residual for PMSM

Inter-turn fault is a serious stator winding short-circuit fault of permanent magnet synchronous machine(PMSM). Once it occurs, it produces a huge short-circuit current that poses a great risk to the safe operation of PMSM. Thus, an inter-turn short-circuit fault(ITSCF) diagnosis method based on high frequency(HF) voltage residual is proposed in this paper with proper HF signal injection. First, the analytical models of PMSM after the ITSCF are deduced. Based on the model, the voltage residual at low frequency(LF) and HF can be obtained. It is revealed that the HF voltage residual has a stronger ITSCF detection capability compared to the LF voltage residual. To obtain optimal fault signature, a 3-phase symmetrical HF voltage is injected into the machine drive system, and the HF voltage residuals are extracted. The fault indicator is defined as the standard deviation of the 3-phase HF voltage residuals. The effectiveness of the proposed ITSCF diagnosis method is verified by experiments on a triple 3-phase PMSM. It is worth noting that no extra hardware equipment is required to implement the proposed method.

Analysis on the fault characteristics of three-phase short-circuit for half-wavelength AC transmission lines

Half-wavelength AC transmission(HWACT) is an ultra-long distance AC transmission technology, whose electrical distance is close to half-wavelength at the system power frequency. It is very important for the construction and operation of HWACT to analyze its fault features and corresponding protection technology. In this paper, the steady-state voltage and current characteristics of the bus bar and fault point and the steady-state overvoltage distribution along the line will be analyzed when a three-phase symmetrical short-circuit fault occurs on an HWACT line. On this basis, the threephase fault characteristics for longer transmission lines are also studied.

Short-circuit fault analysis and isolation strategy for matrix converters

The behavior of matrix converter(MC) drive systems under the condition of MC short-circuit faults is comprehensively investigated. Two isolation strategies using semiconductors and high speed fuses(HSFs) for MC short-circuit faults are examined and their performances are compared. The behavior of MC drive systems during the fuse action time under different operating conditions is explored. The feasibility of fault-tolerant operation during the fuse action time is also studied. The basic selection laws for the HSFs and the requirements for the passive components of the MC drive system from the point view of short-circuit faults are also discussed. Simulation results are used to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed isolation strategies.

Remedial Phase-Angle Control of a Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant Permanent- Magnet Vernier Machine With Short-Circuit Fault

A fault-tolerant permanent-magnet vernier(FT-PMV)machine incorporates the merits of high fault-tolerant capability and high torque density.In this paper,a remedial phase-angle control(RPAC)strategy is proposed for a five-phase FT-PMV machine with short-circuit fault.Firstly,the proposed strategy can reduce the amount of unknown quantities by structuring the phase-angles of the normal phases.It can simplify the calculation of the remedial currents.Then,in order to obtain the desired torque,only the amplitudes of the remedial currents need to be calculated.Based on the principle of instantaneous electrical input power and mechanical output power balance condition,the real components are used to maintain the torque capability,while the reactive components are limited zero to minimize the torque ripple.Both simulations and experiments are presented to verify the proposed RPAC strategy.

Design and Optimization of Dual-Winding Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Motor

To improve the performance of the traditional fault-tolerant permanent magnet(PM)motor,the design and optimal schemes of dual-winding fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor(DWFT-PMM)are proposed and investigated.In order to obtain small cogging torque ripple and inhibiting the short-circuit current,the air gap surface shape of the PM and the anti short-circuits reactance parameters are designed and optimized.According to the actual design requirements of an aircraft electrical actuation system,the parameters,finite element analysis and experimental verification of the DWFT-PMM after optimal design are presented.The research results show that the optimized DWFT-PMM owns the merits of strong magnetic isolation,physics isolation,inhibiting the short circuit current,small cogging torque ripple and high fault tolerance.

Placement optimization of Multi-Type fault current limiters based on genetic algorithm

The fault current limiter(FCL)is an effective measure for improving system stability and suppressing short-circuit fault current.Because of space and economic costs,the optimum placement of FCLs is vital in industrial applications.In this study,two objectives with the same dimensional measurement unit,namely,the total capital investment cost of FCLs and circuit breaker loss related to short-circuit currents,are considered.The circuit breaker loss model is developed based on the attenuation rule of the circuit breaker service life.The circuit breaker loss is used to quantify the current-limiting effect to avoid the problem of weight selection in a multi-objective problem.The IEEE 10-generator 39-bus system in New England is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed genetic algorithm(GA)method.Comparative and sensitivity analyses are performed.The results of the optimized plan are validated through simulations,indicating the significant potential of the GA for such optimization.

Single-phase earth fault current distribution between optical fiber composite overhead ground wire and ordinary ground wire in transmission system

It is important for the safety of transmission system to accurately calculate single-phase earth fault current distribution.Features of double sided elimination method were illustrated.Quantitative calculation of single-phase earth fault current distribution and case verification were accomplished by using the loop method.Influences of some factors,such as single-phase earth fault location and ground resistance of poles,on short-circuit current distribution were discussed.Results show that:1) results of the loop method conform to those of double sided elimination method;2) the fault location hardly influences macro-distribution of short-circuit current.However,current near fault location is evidently influenced;and 3) the short-circuit current distribution is not so sensitive to the ground resistance of poles.

New “Intellectual Networks” (Smart Grid) for Detecting Electrical Equipment Faults, Defects and Weaknesses

The most important elements of “intellectual networks” (Smart Grid) are the systems of monitoring the parameters of electrical equipment. Information-measuring systems (IMS), which described in this paper, were proposed to use together with rapid digital protection against short-circuit regimes in transformer windings. This paper presents an application’s experience of LVI-testing, some results of the use of Frequency Response Analysis (FRA) to check the condition of transformer windings and infra-red control results of electrical equipment. The LVI method and short-circuit inductive reactance measurements are sensitive for detecting such faults as radial, axial winding deformations, a twisting of low-voltage or regulating winding, a losing of winding’s pressing and others.

Intelligent System Design for Stator Windings Faults Diagnosis:Suitable for Maintenance Work

The short circuit is a severe fault that occurs in the stator windings. Therefore, it is very important to diagnose this type of failure in its beginning before it causes unscheduled stop and the machine loss. In this context, the Support Vector Machine (SVM) is a tool of considerable importance for standard classification. From some training data, it can diagnose whether or not there is a short circuit beginning, and which is important for predictive maintenance. This work proposes a technique for early detection of a short circuit between the turns aiming at its implementation in a real plant. The paper shows simulation and experimental results, and validates the proposed technique.

Validation of Full-Converter Wind Power Plant Generic Model Based on Actual Fault Ride-Through Measurements

Modeling and validation of full power converter wind turbine models with field measurement data are rarely reported in papers. In this paper an aggregated generic dynamic model of the wind farm consisting of full power converter wind turbines is composed and the model validation based on actual field measurements is performed. The paper is based on the measurements obtained from the real short circuit test applied to connection point of observed wind farm. The presented approach for validating the composed model and fault ride-through （FRT） capability for the whole wind park is unique in overall practice and its significance and importance is described and analyzed.

牵引供电所亭直流系统接地故障选判方案研究

在电气化铁路实际运行中经常出现牵引供电所亭直流系统绝缘降低、甚至为零的情况,现有排除故障的手段主要通过手动断开各支路开关确定故障范围,该方式限制条件较多,且故障判别准确率不高。本文通过建立直流系统模型,针对绝缘故障进行分析,提出一套直流系统接地故障选判方案,经模拟试验证明该方案应用效果良好,对直流系统故障支路的判断具有很好的适用性。

大别山东北部基岩区断裂活动习性的综合研究

在１／２０万ＴＭ片和１／５万航片解译判读的基础上，对大别山东北部基岩区活动断裂进行野外验证、观测和取样工作，侧重于断错地貌和断裂变形物质微观滑移方式标志的研究，结合地震活动的时空特征分析，获取了断裂活动时代、活动方式及其与地震活动的关系等一系列信息，为探索基岩区断裂活动习性的研究途径提供了一个实例。

配电网故障定位的一种新算法

提出了一种适用于多电源复杂配电网的故障定位的新算法。首先根据网络中开关的连接关系和假定的方向建立一个网络描述矩阵 D。从 FTU得到有关故障过电流及其方向的信息 ,并加入到 D中对角线元素上 ,就可以得到故障判别矩阵 Dp。依据 Dp 中的相关元素的值就可以快速而有效地判别出故障区域。该算法无需进行矩阵相乘的繁琐运算 ,且当电源数增加时 ,程序无需进行相应的规格化调整。

故障信息不足时配电网故障定位的方法

利用电流的连续性提出了故障定位的新判据 ,即以故障电流是否连续为故障定位的判据 ,故障电流非连续的区域就是故障区域 ,并用故障判定矩阵进行故障定位。该方法有效地解决了由于FTU(现场终端设备 )故障、FTU数量不足等原因所导致的故障信息不足的问题 ,完全可以满足在线应用的需要。

动态模糊综合评判法及其在故障预测中的应用

提出一种动态模糊综合评判法 ,讨论动态模糊关系矩阵的确定方法 ,通过实例证明该方法的有效性和实用性。

长输管线失效状况模糊故障树分析方法

采用故障树法分析了长输管线的失效状况 ,根据管线失效的两种主要模式 :泄漏和断裂 ,建立了管线失效的故障树。通过对故障树的定性分析 ,可得到引起管线失效的 5 2个最小割集 ;通过定量分析则可以计算顶事件的发生概率以及进行底事件的重要度分析。采用专家判断法和模糊集理论相结合的方法评估了故障树的底事件发生概率的模糊性 ,并以长输管线故障树系统中的“安装质量差”这一底事件为例 ,计算出其模糊失效率为 2 35 45×10 -4 。该方法可为处理模糊事件失效概率提供一种研究思路。

机内测试定量要求的现场试验验证方法研究

阐述了机内测试(BIT)定量要求现场试验验证方法的内涵和实施流程。根据置信度水平和功能单元覆盖要求计算BIT故障检测率、故障隔离率和虚警率综合验证的样本量,根据BIT参数的单侧置信限进行合格判断。给出了数据统计判据、分类流程和统一记录表格。通过案例应用说明了该方法的可行性。

区域性泥岩盖层阻止油气沿输导断裂运移机制及其判别方法

依据区域性泥岩盖层内断裂发育特征与油气沿断裂运移的关系和所需条件分析,对盖层阻止油气沿输导断裂运移机制进行研究,通过断接厚度与断裂上下不连接所需的相对最小断接厚度比较,建立一套区域性泥岩盖层阻止油气沿断裂运移的判别方法,并将其应用于南堡凹陷东二段相关研究中。结果表明:区域性泥岩盖层阻止油气沿输导断裂向上运移的机制是断裂在其内上下不连接,不能成为油气输导通道;形成条件是盖层断接厚度大于最小断接厚度;南堡凹陷东二段区域性泥岩盖层能够阻止下伏沙三段或沙一段源岩生成的天然气沿输导断裂向上运移的区域主要分布在凹陷西部,少量分布在凹陷东部局部地区,与目前的天然气分布相吻合,新方法可以用于判别区域性泥岩盖层能否阻止油气沿输导断裂运移。

模糊综合评判技术在柳堡断块圈闭评价中的应用

本文从分析断块圈闭形成的石油地质条件、断层封闭性条件入手，综合应用模糊评判和计算机等先进技术，开发了一套适合断块圈闭评价的综合评判技术──多级模糊综合评判技术。应用该技术对柳堡地区的八个断块圈闭进行了评价，成功地预测了高产区和非产区。该项技术既可单独对储层、断层封闭性进行评价，又可对断块圈闭的含油性进行综合评价。

断块油藏中的断层封闭性模糊综合评判

本文分析了断层封闭性的形成条件,以地震、地质、测井资料为依据,应用模糊综合评判技术,建立了断层封闭性模糊综合评判矩阵及模糊综合评判数学模型。应用此模型,研究了桥口油田主要断层的封闭性,论述了该区断层对油气的遮挡作用。建立了一整套适合不同勘探开发阶段断层封闭性评价方法。