A cross-sectional study to assess medication safety,knowledge,attitude,and practices regarding nutrition and medication among pregnant women

Objective:To assess pregnant women's knowledge,attitude,and practice regarding nutrition and medication usage,analyse the prescribing pattern,and categorize them based on the Food and Drug Administration(FDA)guidelines.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted with 264 pregnant women in the obstetrics and gynaecology department of a tertiary care hospital from October 2022 to August 2023.A knowledge,attitude,and practice(KAP)questionnaire was prepared in English language by the researchers and validated by an expert panel consisting of 12 members.The validated questionnaire was then translated into regional languages,Kannada and Malayalam.The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed with test-retest method with a representative sample population of 30 subjects(10 subjects for each language).The subjects'knowledge,attitude,and practice were evaluated using the validated KAP questionnaire.The safety of the medication was assessed using the FDA drug safety classification for pregnancy.Results:The mean scores for nutritional and medication usage knowledge,attitude,and practice were 4.14±1.15,4.50±1.09,and 3.00±1.47,respectively.Among 30 prescribed medications,3 belong to category A(no risk in human studies),8 belong to category B(no risk in animal studies),18 belong to category C(risk cannot be ruled out)and 1 drug is not classified.A significant association was observed between medication knowledge and practice(r=0.159,P=0.010).Conclusions:Most of the study population knows the need to maintain good dietary and medication practices during pregnancy.Counselling pregnant women regarding diet and medication usage is crucial in maternal care.

Mediating role of inner strength in the relationship between medication literacy and medication adherence among kidney transplant patients

Objective:Compared with long-term renal replacement therapy,kidney transplantation is the ideal treatment for end-stage renal disease(ESRD),significantly extending patient life and improving quality of life.Kidney transplant patients need to adhere to lifelong immunosuppressive medication regimens,but their medication adherence is generally poor compared with other organ transplant recipients.Medication adherence is closely related to medication literacy and psychological status,yet related studies are limited.This study aims to investigate the current status of medication adherence,inner strength,and medication literacy in kidney transplant patients,analyze the relationships among these 3 factors,and explore the mediating role of inner strength in the relationship between medication literacy and medication adherence.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March to October 2023 involving 421 patients aged≥18 years who visited kidney transplantation outpatient clinics at 4 tertiary hospitals in Hunan Province.The inner strength,medication literacy,and medication adherence of kidney transplant patients were investigated using the Inner Strength Scale(ISS),the Chinese version of the Medication Literacy Assessment in Spanish and English(MedLitRxSE),and the Chinese version of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8(C-MMAS-8),respectively.Univariate analysis was performed to examine the effects of demographic and clinical data on medication adherence.Correlation analysis was conducted to explore the relationships among medication literacy,medication adherence,and inner strength.Significant variables from univariate and correlation analyses were further analyzed using multiple linear regression,and the mediating effect of inner strength was explored.Results:Among the 421 questionnaires collected,408 were valid,with an effective rate of 96.91%.The scores of C-MMAS-8,MedLitRxSE,and ISS were 6.64±1.16,100.63±14.67,and 8.47±4.03,respectively.Among the 408 patients,only 86(21.08%)patients had a high level of medication adherence,whereas 230(56.37%)patients had a medium level of medication adherence,and 92(22.55%)patients had poor medication adherence.Univariate analysis indicated that the kidney transplant patients’age,marital status,education levels,years since their kidney transplant operation,number of hospitalizations after the kidney transplant,and adverse drug reactions showed significant differences in medication adherence(all P<0.05).Correlation analysis showed that inner strength positively correlated with both medication literacy(r=0.183,P<0.001)and medication adherence(r=0.201,P<0.001).Additionally,there was a positive correlation between medication adherence and medication literacy(r=0.236,P<0.001).Inner strength accounted for 13.22%of the total effect in the mediating role between medication literacy and medication adherence.Conclusion:The level of medication adherence among kidney transplant patients needs improvement,and targeted intervention measures are essential.Inner strength mediates the relationship between medication literacy and medication adherence in these patients.Healthcare professionals should focus on enhancing medication literacy and supporting patients’inner strength to improve medication adherence.

Informing policy makers in developing countries:Practices and limitations of geriatric home medication review in Malaysia-A qualitative inquiry

Objective:To explore existing practices and challenges in the delivery of geriatric home medication review(HMR).The study was part of a larger study aimed to offer solution to expand the range of geriatric HMR.Methods:This study employed qualitative exploratory design through semi-structured individual in-depth interviews with the public pharmacists involved in the delivery of geriatric HMR at public hospitals.The purpose of the interviews was to explore challenges faced by them in the delivery of geriatric HMR.Results:Based on the emerging themes from the qualitative data,the study reveals that geriatric HMR in Malaysia is integrated as part of multidisciplinary home care visits,encompassing a diverse patient population with various healthcare needs.However,it faces challenges such as the lack of outcome monitoring,formal training,and workforce constraints.Despite these hurdles,there is a pressing need for the expansion of this service to better serve the community,and collaboration with community pharmacists holds potential to broaden its scope.Ultimately,the findings suggest that pharmacist-led HMR is both warranted and feasible within the Malaysian healthcare context.In order to optimize medicine-use among older people living in the community,approaches for expanding geriatric HMR services in Malaysia must be developed.Conclusions:This study holds profound implications as it attempts to illuminate policy makers in developing countries,enabling them to formulate effective HMR plans.By considering the challenges highlighted within this research,policy makers can design a comprehensive HMR service that caters adeptly to the healthcare needs of the mass population.

Advancements in Medication Rule for Pulmonary Nodules: A Review of Current Research Progress

This paper reviewed the literature on medication rule of pulmonary nodules in recent years. It is found that contemporary doctors pay more attention to regulating Qi, clearing heat and detoxifying, eliminating phlegm, dissolving phlegm and dissipating masses. They use mild drugs, cold and warm treatments in parallel, combining the tastes of pungent, bitterness, and sweetness at the same time. The treatment focuses on the five viscera with emphasis on the lung meridian while also considering the spleen and stomach functions as well as soothing liver stagnation. This information aims to provide some reference for clinical treatment of pulmonary nodules.

Research Progress of Measuring Tools for Patient Medication Compliance

This paper introduced the content, compilation process, reliability and validity, scoring method of the evaluation tool for patients’ medication compliance at home and abroad, and reviewed the research progress of the tool. The evaluation method, dimension, scoring method, evaluation content and application scope of the tool were compared, so as to provide reference for nurses to comprehensively and accurately evaluate patients’ medication status.

Medication Rules of Hub Herb Pairs for Insomnia and Mechanism of Action:Results of Data Mining,Network Pharmacology,and Molecular Docking

Objective To explore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)and mechanism of action of hub herb pairs for treating insomnia.Methods Totally 104 prescriptions were statistically analyzed.The association rule algorithm was applied to mine the hub herb pairs.Network pharmacology was utilized to analyze the mechanism of the hub herb pairs,while molecular docking was applied to simulate the interaction between receptors and herb molecules,thereby predicting their binding affinities.Results The most frequently used herbs in TCM prescriptions for treating insomnia included Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,Radix Glycyrrhizae,Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,and Poria cum Radix Pini.Among them,the most commonly used were the supplementing herbs,followed by heat-clearing,mind-calming,and exterior-releasing ones,with their properties of warm and cold,flavors of sweet,Pungent,and bitter,and meridian tropisms of liver,lungs,spleen,kidneys,heart,and stomach.The hub herb pairs based on the association rules included Radix Astragali-Radix et Rhizoma Ginseng,Rhizoma Chuanxiong-Radix Glycyrrhizae,Seman Platycladi-Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae-Radix Glycyrrhizae,Radix Polygalae-Semen Ziziphi Spinosae,and Radix Astragali-Semen Ziziphi Spinosae.Network pharmacology revealed that the cAMP signaling pathway might play a key role in treating insomnia synergistically with HIF-1 signaling pathway,prolactin signaling pathway,chemical carcinogenesis receptor activation,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway.Molecular docking indicated that there was good binding between the active ingredients of the hub herb pairs and the hub targets.Conclusions This study identified six hub herb pairs for treating insomnia in TCM.These hub herb pairs may synergistically treat insomnia with HIF-1 signaling pathway,prolactin signaling pathway,chemical carcinogenesis receptor activation,and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway through the cAMP signaling pathway.

Exploring the limited use of transdermal medications in psychiatry:Challenges and potential solutions

Transdermal medications are an useful yet underutilized tool in the field of psychiatry.Despite numerous advantages of using this route of medication delivery,transdermal medications remain less popular compared to other routes of medication administration such as oral and intramuscular routes in the management of various psychiatric conditions.In this editorial,we examine the advantages of transdermal medications with a brief overview of transdermal being used in psychiatry and other medical specialties.We discuss the factors that play a role in their limited usage in psychiatry.We highlight certain patient categories who can specifically benefit from them and discuss potential solutions that can broaden the perspective of treating clinicians making this an intriguing avenue in the field of psychiatry.

Adaptive Modeling of Monthly Depression Levels in Terms of Daily Assessments of Opioid Medications Taken and Pain Levels for Cancer Patients

A research study collected intensive longitudinal data from cancer patients on a daily basis as well as non-intensive longitudinal survey data on a monthly basis. Although the daily data need separate analysis, those data can also be utilized to generate predictors of monthly outcomes. Alternatives for generating daily data predictors of monthly outcomes are addressed in this work. Analyses are reported of depression measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire 8 as the monthly survey outcome. Daily measures include numbers of opioid medications taken, numbers of pain flares, least pain levels, and worst pain levels. Predictors are averages of recent non-missing values for each daily measure recorded on or prior to survey dates for depression values. Weights for recent non-missing values are based on days between measurement of a recent value and a survey date. Five alternative averages are considered: averages with unit weights, averages with reciprocal weights, weighted averages with reciprocal weights, averages with exponential weights, and weighted averages with exponential weights. Adaptive regression methods based on likelihood cross-validation (LCV) scores are used to generate fractional polynomial models for possible nonlinear dependence of depression on each average. For all four daily measures, the best LCV score over averages of all types is generated using the average of recent non-missing values with reciprocal weights. Generated models are nonlinear and monotonic. Results indicate that an appropriate choice would be to assume three recent non-missing values and use the average with reciprocal weights of the first three recent non-missing values.

Clinical effects of detailed nursing management interventions on medication adherence and disease perception in patients with drugresistant tuberculosis

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis(TB)is a chronic respiratory infectious disease that considerably jeopardizes human health,and there is no effective vaccine suitable for its prevention in the entire population.AIM To investigate the promotion of medication adherence and disease cognition in patients with drug-resistant(DR-)TB using detailed nursing management.METHODS In total,114 patients with DR-TB who were diagnosed and treated at our hospital between January 2019 and January 2023 were included in this study.Patients in the control group(n=57)were managed with conventional nursing care,while those in the observation group(n=57)were managed with detailed nursing care.Medication adherence,disease awareness scores,medication safety,and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups after the intervention.RESULTS The post-intervention medication compliance rate was 91.23%in the observation group and 75.44%in the control group,with the former being 15.79%higher than the latter(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the disease awareness scores between the two groups before the intervention;the disease awareness scores of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group after the intervention(P<0.05).The incidence of gastrointestinal reactions,joint swelling and pain,hearing loss,electrolyte disorders,and liver and kidney function abnormalities were lower in the observation group than those in the control group.The total nursing satisfaction of the observation group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Implementation of detailed nursing management for patients with DR-TB can effectively improve medication adherence,enhance awareness of the disease,ensure safety of medication,and improve satisfaction with nursing care.

Study on the Medication Rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions for the Treatment of New Crown Pneumonia Based on Data Mining Technology

[Objectives]This study was conducted to analyze the medication rules of clinical prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces for the treatment of novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19)during the epidemic in multiple regions based on data mining technology,so as to provide a reference for the treatment of COVID-19 with traditional Chinese medicine.[Methods]The traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions used since the outbreak of COVID-19 in Hubei Province during the fight against the epidemic from February 25,2020 to February 14,2022,the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions used by Guizhou traditional Chinese medicine expert team aiding Hubei Province,the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for rehabilitation and conditioning of patients in Ezhou of Hubei Province after discharge,the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the prevention and treatment of COVID-19 in Guizhou Province,and the traditional Chinese medicine prescriptions for the treatment of COVID-19 collected from the end of 2019 to the present from the Chinese database of CNKI were collected as the data of this study.Excel was used to establish a database and enter it into the TCM inheritance calculation platform V3.5,and the association rules and k-means clustering algorithm were used to analyze the frequency of herbal medicines in prescriptions during the treatment of COVID-19,the frequency of four natures,five flavors,meridian distribution,and drug combinations.[Results]A total of 1859 COVID-19 patients treated with traditional Chinese medicine were included,and the proportion of males was higher than that of females,and middle-aged and elderly people were the most common group.A total of 2170 prescriptions of traditional Chinese medicine were included,involving a total of 383 traditional Chinese medicines.High-frequency medicines included poria,Radix Bupleuri,Radix Scutellariae,Herba Pogostemonis,Fructus Forsythiae,Flos Loniceraeetc.The four natures were mainly concentrated in cold,warm and neutral,and the five flavors were mainly concentrated in bitter,pungent and sweet.The herbal medicines were mainly attributed to the lungs and stomach meridians,and were mainly of heat-clearing,exterior syndrome-relieving and diuresis-promoting and damp-clearing types.A total of 24 high-frequency herbal combinations and 35 association rule were excavated,and 3 types of formulas were obtained by cluster analysis.[Conclusions]The analysis results and medicine combinations obtained in the formulas are consistent with the traditional Chinese medicine treatment theory of COVID-19 caused by wind-heat filth accompanied with damp and toxin.

Metabolic complications of psychotropic medications in psychiatric disorders:Emerging role of de novo lipogenesis and therapeutic consideration

Although significant advances have been made in understanding the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders(PDs),therapeutic advances have not been very convincing.While psychotropic medications can reduce classical symptoms in patients with PDs,their long-term use has been reported to induce or exaggerate various pre-existing metabolic abnormalities including diabetes,obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The mechanism(s)underlying these metabolic abnormalities is not clear;however,lipid/fatty acid accumulation due to enhanced de novo lipogenesis(DNL)has been shown to reduce membrane fluidity,increase oxidative stress and inflammation leading to the development of the aforementioned metabolic abnormalities.Intriguingly,emerging evidence suggest that DNL dysregulation and fatty acid accumulation could be the major mechanisms associated with the development of obesity,diabetes and NAFLD after long-term treatment with psychotropic medications in patients with PDs.In support of this,several adjunctive drugs comprising of anti-oxidants and antiinflammatory agents,that are used in treating PDs in combination with psychotropic medications,have been shown to reduce insulin resistance and development of NAFLD.In conclusion,the above evidence suggests that DNL could be a potential pathological factor associated with various metabolic abnormalities,and a new avenue for translational research and therapeutic drug designing in PDs.

Analysis of the Effect of Family-Centered Empowerment Model(FCEM)Health Education Through WeChat on Medication Compliance and Blood Pressure of Elderly Hypertensive Patients in Rural Areas

Objective: To validate the effectiveness of a Family-Centered Empowerment Model (FCEM) health education through WeChat on medication compliance and blood pressure among elderly hypertensive patients in rural areas. Methods: One hundred and two rural elderly hypertensive patients aged 65-80 years were selected and randomly divided into an experimental and control group of 51 each. The control group implemented conventional health education, and the experimental group implemented FCEM health education through WeChat platform for 4 consecutive weeks. The Therapeutic Adherence Scale for Hypertensive Patients (TASHP) scores and blood pressure measurements were compared between and within the two groups. Results: After the intervention, there were significant differences in medication compliance and blood pressure between the two groups (P < 0.001). In the control group, before and after the intervention, there was a significant difference in medication compliance (P < 0.001), but no significant difference in blood pressure (P > 0.05). In the experimental group, there were significant differences in medication compliance and blood pressure before and after the intervention (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The FCEM health education through an online social platform significantly improved medication compliance and led to effective blood pressure control in rural elderly hypertensive patients. Therefore, as an effective, safe, and economical model, it is also necessary to explore its effectiveness in improving health problems in other chronic diseases and other age groups.

Stochastic Augmented-Based Dual-Teaching for Semi-Supervised Medical Image Segmentation

Existing semi-supervisedmedical image segmentation algorithms use copy-paste data augmentation to correct the labeled-unlabeled data distribution mismatch.However,current copy-paste methods have three limitations:(1)training the model solely with copy-paste mixed pictures from labeled and unlabeled input loses a lot of labeled information;(2)low-quality pseudo-labels can cause confirmation bias in pseudo-supervised learning on unlabeled data;(3)the segmentation performance in low-contrast and local regions is less than optimal.We design a Stochastic Augmentation-Based Dual-Teaching Auxiliary Training Strategy(SADT),which enhances feature diversity and learns high-quality features to overcome these problems.To be more precise,SADT trains the Student Network by using pseudo-label-based training from Teacher Network 1 and supervised learning with labeled data,which prevents the loss of rare labeled data.We introduce a bi-directional copy-pastemask with progressive high-entropy filtering to reduce data distribution disparities and mitigate confirmation bias in pseudo-supervision.For the mixed images,Deep-Shallow Spatial Contrastive Learning(DSSCL)is proposed in the feature spaces of Teacher Network 2 and the Student Network to improve the segmentation capabilities in low-contrast and local areas.In this procedure,the features retrieved by the Student Network are subjected to a random feature perturbation technique.On two openly available datasets,extensive trials show that our proposed SADT performs much better than the state-ofthe-art semi-supervised medical segmentation techniques.Using only 10%of the labeled data for training,SADT was able to acquire a Dice score of 90.10%on the ACDC(Automatic Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge)dataset.

Security Strategy of Digital Medical Contents Based on Blockchain in Generative AI Model

This study presents an innovative approach to enhancing the security of visual medical data in the generative AI environment through the integration of blockchain technology.By combining the strengths of blockchain and generative AI,the research team aimed to address the timely challenge of safeguarding visual medical content.The participating researchers conducted a comprehensive analysis,examining the vulnerabilities of medical AI services,personal information protection issues,and overall security weaknesses.This multi faceted exploration led to an indepth evaluation of the model’s performance and security.Notably,the correlation between accuracy,detection rate,and error rate was scrutinized.This analysis revealed insights into the model’s strengths and limitations,while the consideration of standard deviation shed light on the model’s stability and performance variability.The study proposed practical improvements,emphasizing the reduction of false negatives to enhance detection rate and leveraging blockchain technology to ensure visual data integrity in medical applications.Applying blockchain to generative AI-created medical content addresses key personal information protection issues.By utilizing the distributed ledger system of blockchain,the research team aimed to protect the privacy and integrity of medical data especially medical images.This approach not only enhances security but also enables transparent and tamperproof record-keeping.Additionally,the use of generative AI models ensures the creation of novel medical content without compromising personal information,further safeguarding patient privacy.In conclusion,this study showcases the potential of blockchain-based solutions in the medical field,particularly in securing sensitive medical data and protecting patient privacy.The proposed approach,combining blockchain and generative AI,offers a promising direction toward more robust and secure medical content management.Further research and advancements in this area will undoubtedly contribute to the development of robust and privacy-preserving healthcare systems,and visual diagnostic systems.

Relationship between the use of smart medical services and mental health status

In this editorial,I comment on the article by Zhang et al.To emphasize the importance of the topic,I discuss the relationship between the use of smart medical devices and mental health.Smart medical services have the potential to positively influence mental health by providing monitoring,insights,and inter-ventions.However,they also come with challenges that need to be addressed.Understanding the primary purpose for which individuals use these smart tech-nologies is essential to tailoring them to specific mental health needs and prefe-rences.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Community Pharmacy Services on Rational Medication Use in Elderly Patients with Hypertension and Diabetes

Objective:To explore the effect of community pharmacy services on rational medication use in elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes.Methods:Between November 2022 and December 2023,80 elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes were selected and randomly divided into a control group(routine medication guidance)and an observation group(community pharmacy services),with 40 subjects each.The medication effect scores,blood pressure,blood sugar levels,and quality of life scores before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:Comparison of pharmaceutical knowledge,medication compliance,and safe medication behavior scores showed that the observation group had higher scores as compared to the control group(P<0.05);blood pressure(systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,heart rate)and blood sugar(fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial blood glucose,glycated hemoglobin)index levels were compared,and the observation group’s index levels were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05);the scores of physical health,mental health,social relationships,and environment in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Community pharmacy services improved the rational medication effect of elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes,and improved their blood pressure,blood sugar control levels,and quality of life.

Medication patterns of ancient Chinese medicinal prescriptions fordiabetic retinopathy

Objective:To mine the medication patterns of ancient prescriptions for diabetic retinopathy(DR)from databases of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)ancient books,and provide evidence for clinical practice and scientific research of TCM treatment for DR.Methods:The traditional library retrieval and modern data retrieval technology were combined to collect the ancient prescriptions in these databases,including the library ofHunan University ofChinese Medicine,Chinese Medical Dictionary,Duxiu,and Chaoxing Digital Library.And the TCM inheritance auxiliary platform(V3.0)was used for data mining,mainly including drug frequency analysis,medicinal property and meridian tropism analysis,efficacy analysis,correlation analysis,complex network analysis,and cluster analysis.Results:A total of 271 ancient prescriptions for the treatment of DR were collected,involving 296 drugs.The total medication frequency was 2,727.Most of them were cold and sweet drugs.The meridians primarily targeted were the liver,kidney,and spleen.The main effects of drugs were supplementing deficiency,clearing heat,releasing the exterior,inducing urination to drain dampness,pacifying liver and extinguishing wind,and circulating blood and transforming stasis.Saposhnikovia divaricata was the most frequently Chinese herbal medicine for DR in TCM ancient books.Saposhnikovia divaricata and ligusticum wallichi,saposhnikovia divaricata and notopterygium root,angelica sinensis and ligusticum wallichii were common herbal pairs.Saposhnikovia divaricata,ginseng,plantain seed,angelica sinensis,prepared rehmannia root and cassia seed constituted the core formula with the highest frequency.Conclusion:The core prescriptions for treating DR are mainly crafted from Dihuang pill,Ruiren powder,Siwu decoction,and Zhujing pill.Saposhnikovia divaricata is an important meridian-guiding medicine to open Xuanfu for DR.In clinical practice,the prescriptions should be modified according to the evolution of pathogenesis.

Compliance to Medication Management and Mental Health Status of Elderly Hypertensive Patients: Basis of Educational Health Program

Objective:The study aimed to assess medication management compliance and mental health in elderly patients with hypertension.Method:The study evaluated medication compliance and mental health status of elderly hypertensive patients in China using simple random sampling.Data was collected using the Morisky Medication Compliance Questionnaire,Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale,and a checklist.Ethical practices were strictly observed.Results:A study of 100 elderly hypertensive patients found poor drug management compliance,with female patients showing worse compliance.Female patients were more vulnerable to anxiety and depression.The study also found no significant association between gender,age,education level,marital status,living standards,and medication compliance.Barriers to medication management included food and daily necessities,lack of awareness about the importance of drug treatment,and basic family needs.The lowest-ranked barriers were lack of support from government health clinics,low income,and lack of family support.Conclusion:Based on the results,the study proposes an educational plan for elderly hypertensive patients and their families,to be evaluated and implemented by the hospital and township community service center.The plan aims to improve medication management and lifestyle modification compliance,encourage active participation,and provide access to medical and mental health clinics,support groups,and counseling services.

Getting physical with medical education:Exercise based virtual anatomy review classes for medical students

The benefits of regular physical activity are well known.Yet,few studies have examined the effectiveness of integrating physical activity(PA)into curricula within a post-secondary setting.To investigate the incorporation of PA into medical curriculum,we developed a series of optional exercise-based review sessions designed to reinforce musculoskeletal(MSK)anatomy course material.These synchronous sessions were co-taught by a group fitness instructor and an anatomy instructor.The fitness instructor would lead students through both strength and yoga style exercises,while the anatomy instructor asked questions about relevant anatomical structures related to course material previously covered.After the sessions,participants were asked to evaluate the classes on their self-reported exam preparedness in improving MSK anatomy knowledge,PA levels,and mental wellbeing.Thirty participants completed surveys;a majority agreed that the classes increased understanding of MSK concepts(90.0%)and activity levels(97.7%).Many(70.0%)felt that the classes helped reduce stress.The majority of respondents(90.0%)agreed that the classes contributed to increased feelings of social connectedness.Overall,medical students saw benefit in PA based interventions to supplement MSK course concepts.Along with increasing activity levels and promoting health behaviours,integrating PA into medical curriculum may improve comprehension of learning material,alleviate stress and foster social connectivity among medical students.

Application and Effect Evaluation of the Integrated“5A and 3+3”Management Model in the Safe Medication Use for Chemotherapy Patients

Objective:To explore the application and effect evaluation of the integrated“5A and 3+3”management model in ensuring safe medication use for chemotherapy patients.Methods:A total of 100 intravenous chemotherapy patients admitted to the oncology department of Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital were randomly divided into two groups using a random number list method.Both groups received conventional nursing management during chemotherapy,while the study group additionally received the integrated“5A and 3+3”safety management model.The nursing intervention effects between the two groups were compared.Results:After the intervention,the study group showed higher levels of self-management ability,compliance,and nursing satisfaction compared to the control group.The overall incidence of adverse events during hospitalization was lower in the study group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The knowledge scores of medical staff in the study group,related to the prevention and treatment of chemotherapy drug side effects,daily symptom management,and daily life management,were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Implementing the integrated“5A and 3+3”model in the safe medication management of intravenous chemotherapy patients can effectively enhance patients’self-management abilities and compliance,improve medical staff’s ability to safely administer chemotherapy drugs,reduce adverse events caused by chemotherapy,and increase patient satisfaction.