This paper describes an approximated-scalar-sign-function-based anti-windup digital control design for analog nonlinear systems subject to input constraints. As input saturation occurs, the non-smooth saturation const...This paper describes an approximated-scalar-sign-function-based anti-windup digital control design for analog nonlinear systems subject to input constraints. As input saturation occurs, the non-smooth saturation constraint is modeled with the approximated scalar sign function which is a smooth nonlinear function. The resulting nonlinear model is further linearized at any operating point with the optimal linearization technique, and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is then applied for a state-feedback controller optimal for each operating point. As input saturation is encountered, an iterative procedure is developed to adjust control gains by systematically updating LQR weighting matrices until the inputs lie within the saturation limits. Through global digital redesign, the analog LQR controller is converted to an equivalent digital one for keeping the essential control performance, and moreover, delay compensation is taken into account during digital redesign for compensating the potential time delays in a control loop. The swing-up and stabilization control of single rotary inverted pendulum system is used to illustrate and verify the proposed method.展开更多
This paper is concerned with the following fourth-order three-point boundary value problem , where , we discuss the existence of positive solutions to the above problem by applying to the fixed point theory in cones a...This paper is concerned with the following fourth-order three-point boundary value problem , where , we discuss the existence of positive solutions to the above problem by applying to the fixed point theory in cones and iterative technique.展开更多
Introduction: The management of fractures of the tibia shaft is an important aspect of orthopaedic care, and the selection of the surgical method for fixation can substantially impact patient outcomes. The current rev...Introduction: The management of fractures of the tibia shaft is an important aspect of orthopaedic care, and the selection of the surgical method for fixation can substantially impact patient outcomes. The current review aims to compare the outcomes of adult tibia fractures treated with solid nails to those treated with hollow nails. Methods: A search on Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, using three keywords (Outcome, Tibia shaft fractures, Nail) was conducted in April 2023. Results were compiled and two independent reviewers screened and selected eligible articles After removing duplicates, titles and abstracts were read to exclude ineligible studies. Full-text articles of the remaining papers were read to select eligible studies which were further critically appraised to ascertain their methodological quality. The data extracted from the selected papers were synthesized using a combination of pooling of results, tests of statistical difference (t-test and chi-square) and narrative synthesis methods. Results: A total of 2295 articles were obtained from the databases and citation searching. A total of 9 papers were identified as eligible and included in the review. Findings revealed that there is no statistical difference in the outcomes of tibia fractures treated with either solid or hollow nail groups such as duration of surgery (p = 0.541), rate of delayed and non-union (p = 0.342), and rate of surgical site infections (p = 0.395). Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing of tibia shaft fractures with either solid or hollow nails have similar functional outcomes.展开更多
With the rapid development of Chinese economy, more and more foreigners have been attracted to China to invest, work, study and travel. To help the foreigners better understand China and facilitate cross-cultural comm...With the rapid development of Chinese economy, more and more foreigners have been attracted to China to invest, work, study and travel. To help the foreigners better understand China and facilitate cross-cultural communication, bilingual or even trilingual public signs spring up in every part of China. As is known that public signs, usually in the form of a few words, a picture or words accompanied with a picture, function not only as a " face" of a city and a nation, but also as a first calling card given to the foreigners. Moreover, public signs have definite functions-informing, warning or directing. However, to our disappointment, mistranslations of the public signs are present everywhere.展开更多
In this paper, we consider the generalized translations associated with the Dunkl and the Jacobi-Dunkl differential-difference operators on the real line which provide the structure of signed hrpergroups on R. Especia...In this paper, we consider the generalized translations associated with the Dunkl and the Jacobi-Dunkl differential-difference operators on the real line which provide the structure of signed hrpergroups on R. Especially, we study the representation of the gener- alized translations of the product of two functions for these signed hypergroups.展开更多
Based on Nida’s Functional Equivalence theory,this article makes an analysis of the problems in C-E translations ofsigns in China.The author will discuss respectively the problematic C-E translations from two respect...Based on Nida’s Functional Equivalence theory,this article makes an analysis of the problems in C-E translations ofsigns in China.The author will discuss respectively the problematic C-E translations from two respects:1)not being equivalent tosource-language message,and 2)not being natural for target language.If translators work hard with the help of Nida’s functionalequivalence theory,the defects and imperfections will be discovered,and standard signs in English will be read more and more inpublic places.展开更多
目的讨论不同剂量舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法将2022-01—2023-06张家口市第一医院治疗的60例脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者随机分为对照组30例和试验组30例。2组患者均采取相同的麻醉诱导,对...目的讨论不同剂量舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法将2022-01—2023-06张家口市第一医院治疗的60例脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者随机分为对照组30例和试验组30例。2组患者均采取相同的麻醉诱导,对照组麻醉维持给予0.1μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚,试验组麻醉维持给予0.25μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚,2组术后均观察1 d,比较2组术后补救镇痛率、苏醒、拔管时间,麻醉诱导前、手术结束时、术后12 h、术后1 d的生命体征、神经功能、脑氧代谢及围手术期间的不良反应发生情况。结果试验组术后补救镇痛率10.00%,低于对照组的46.67%(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时至术后1 d 2组舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)、心率(HR)逐渐降低,且试验组DBP、SBP、HR低于对照组(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前、手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)水平升高,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时2组血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平升高,试验组更低(P<0.05);术后12 h、1 d2组血清NSE水平逐渐降低,试验组更低(P<0.05);与手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清NSE水平逐渐降低,试验组更低(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前、手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)水平逐渐升高,试验组更低(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时、术后12 h、1 d 2组颈内静脉血氧含量(CjvO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SjvO_(2))升高,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05),2组脑氧摄取率(CERO_(2))降低,试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组围手术期间的不良反应总发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论与0.1μg/L舒芬太尼比较,0.25μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚可改善脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者生命体征、神经功能及脑氧代谢,提高镇痛效果,且未明显增加不良反应。展开更多
目的:探讨危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理对颅脑外伤患者急救时间、神经功能和生命体征的影响。方法:选择2020年9月—2023年9月在连云港市中医院接受颅脑外伤急救治疗的102例患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,...目的:探讨危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理对颅脑外伤患者急救时间、神经功能和生命体征的影响。方法:选择2020年9月—2023年9月在连云港市中医院接受颅脑外伤急救治疗的102例患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各51例。对照组接受常规急救护理,观察组在对照组基础上接受危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理。比较两组急救时间(有效抢救时间、确诊时间和急诊至手术时间)、神经功能[美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分和格拉斯哥昏迷指数(Glasgow coma scale,GCS)]、生命体征(呼吸频率、心率、收缩压和舒张压)及并发症(缺血性痉挛、电解质紊乱和肢体功能障碍)发生情况。结果:观察组有效抢救时间、确诊时间、急诊至手术时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后NIHSS评分低于对照组,GCS评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后呼吸频率、心率、收缩压、舒张压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理可有效缩短颅脑外伤患者急救时间,改善神经功能和生命体征,降低并发症发生率。展开更多
文摘This paper describes an approximated-scalar-sign-function-based anti-windup digital control design for analog nonlinear systems subject to input constraints. As input saturation occurs, the non-smooth saturation constraint is modeled with the approximated scalar sign function which is a smooth nonlinear function. The resulting nonlinear model is further linearized at any operating point with the optimal linearization technique, and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) is then applied for a state-feedback controller optimal for each operating point. As input saturation is encountered, an iterative procedure is developed to adjust control gains by systematically updating LQR weighting matrices until the inputs lie within the saturation limits. Through global digital redesign, the analog LQR controller is converted to an equivalent digital one for keeping the essential control performance, and moreover, delay compensation is taken into account during digital redesign for compensating the potential time delays in a control loop. The swing-up and stabilization control of single rotary inverted pendulum system is used to illustrate and verify the proposed method.
文摘This paper is concerned with the following fourth-order three-point boundary value problem , where , we discuss the existence of positive solutions to the above problem by applying to the fixed point theory in cones and iterative technique.
文摘Introduction: The management of fractures of the tibia shaft is an important aspect of orthopaedic care, and the selection of the surgical method for fixation can substantially impact patient outcomes. The current review aims to compare the outcomes of adult tibia fractures treated with solid nails to those treated with hollow nails. Methods: A search on Scopus, PubMed, and Cochrane Library, using three keywords (Outcome, Tibia shaft fractures, Nail) was conducted in April 2023. Results were compiled and two independent reviewers screened and selected eligible articles After removing duplicates, titles and abstracts were read to exclude ineligible studies. Full-text articles of the remaining papers were read to select eligible studies which were further critically appraised to ascertain their methodological quality. The data extracted from the selected papers were synthesized using a combination of pooling of results, tests of statistical difference (t-test and chi-square) and narrative synthesis methods. Results: A total of 2295 articles were obtained from the databases and citation searching. A total of 9 papers were identified as eligible and included in the review. Findings revealed that there is no statistical difference in the outcomes of tibia fractures treated with either solid or hollow nail groups such as duration of surgery (p = 0.541), rate of delayed and non-union (p = 0.342), and rate of surgical site infections (p = 0.395). Conclusion: Intramedullary nailing of tibia shaft fractures with either solid or hollow nails have similar functional outcomes.
文摘With the rapid development of Chinese economy, more and more foreigners have been attracted to China to invest, work, study and travel. To help the foreigners better understand China and facilitate cross-cultural communication, bilingual or even trilingual public signs spring up in every part of China. As is known that public signs, usually in the form of a few words, a picture or words accompanied with a picture, function not only as a " face" of a city and a nation, but also as a first calling card given to the foreigners. Moreover, public signs have definite functions-informing, warning or directing. However, to our disappointment, mistranslations of the public signs are present everywhere.
文摘In this paper, we consider the generalized translations associated with the Dunkl and the Jacobi-Dunkl differential-difference operators on the real line which provide the structure of signed hrpergroups on R. Especially, we study the representation of the gener- alized translations of the product of two functions for these signed hypergroups.
文摘Based on Nida’s Functional Equivalence theory,this article makes an analysis of the problems in C-E translations ofsigns in China.The author will discuss respectively the problematic C-E translations from two respects:1)not being equivalent tosource-language message,and 2)not being natural for target language.If translators work hard with the help of Nida’s functionalequivalence theory,the defects and imperfections will be discovered,and standard signs in English will be read more and more inpublic places.
文摘目的讨论不同剂量舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚在脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法将2022-01—2023-06张家口市第一医院治疗的60例脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者随机分为对照组30例和试验组30例。2组患者均采取相同的麻醉诱导,对照组麻醉维持给予0.1μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚,试验组麻醉维持给予0.25μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚,2组术后均观察1 d,比较2组术后补救镇痛率、苏醒、拔管时间,麻醉诱导前、手术结束时、术后12 h、术后1 d的生命体征、神经功能、脑氧代谢及围手术期间的不良反应发生情况。结果试验组术后补救镇痛率10.00%,低于对照组的46.67%(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时至术后1 d 2组舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)、心率(HR)逐渐降低,且试验组DBP、SBP、HR低于对照组(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前、手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清髓鞘碱性蛋白(MBP)水平升高,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时2组血清神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)水平升高,试验组更低(P<0.05);术后12 h、1 d2组血清NSE水平逐渐降低,试验组更低(P<0.05);与手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清NSE水平逐渐降低,试验组更低(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前、手术结束时比较,术后12 h、1 d 2组血清胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)水平逐渐升高,试验组更低(P<0.05)。与麻醉诱导前比较,手术结束时、术后12 h、1 d 2组颈内静脉血氧含量(CjvO_(2))、血氧饱和度(SjvO_(2))升高,试验组低于对照组(P<0.05),2组脑氧摄取率(CERO_(2))降低,试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。2组围手术期间的不良反应总发生率比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论与0.1μg/L舒芬太尼比较,0.25μg/L舒芬太尼联合丙泊酚可改善脑动脉瘤夹闭手术患者生命体征、神经功能及脑氧代谢,提高镇痛效果,且未明显增加不良反应。
文摘目的:探讨危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理对颅脑外伤患者急救时间、神经功能和生命体征的影响。方法:选择2020年9月—2023年9月在连云港市中医院接受颅脑外伤急救治疗的102例患者作为研究对象,根据随机数表法将患者分为对照组和观察组,各51例。对照组接受常规急救护理,观察组在对照组基础上接受危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理。比较两组急救时间(有效抢救时间、确诊时间和急诊至手术时间)、神经功能[美国国立卫生研究院脑卒中量表(National Institutes of Health stroke scale,NIHSS)评分和格拉斯哥昏迷指数(Glasgow coma scale,GCS)]、生命体征(呼吸频率、心率、收缩压和舒张压)及并发症(缺血性痉挛、电解质紊乱和肢体功能障碍)发生情况。结果:观察组有效抢救时间、确诊时间、急诊至手术时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后NIHSS评分低于对照组,GCS评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组护理后呼吸频率、心率、收缩压、舒张压低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:危机理论指导下的创伤急救护理可有效缩短颅脑外伤患者急救时间,改善神经功能和生命体征,降低并发症发生率。